EP2547636A2

EP2547636A2 - Material composition, production thereof and use of same

Info

Publication number: EP2547636A2
Application number: EP11709114A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Martin Christ; Sandra KÖHLER; Florian Gojny; Rainer Schmitt; Oswin ÖTTINGER
Original assignee: SGL Carbon SE
Current assignee: SGL Carbon SE
Priority date: 2010-03-17
Filing date: 2011-03-17
Publication date: 2013-01-23
Also published as: MX2012008310A; JP2013522155A; CN102858716A; RU2012137079A; DE102010002989A1; BR112012023455A2; KR20120129973A; US20130001475A1; WO2011113885A2; WO2011113885A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a material composition (10) comprising a carrier component (11) and an additive component (12). The additive component (12) comprises one or more ceramic additives (12', 12"). The carrier component (11) and the additive component (12) are present at a volume ratio in a range of approximately 1:9 to approximately 7:3, preferably in a range of approximately 1:4 to approximately 2:1, and more particularly in the range of approximately 1:1. The material composition (10) according to the present invention can be formed in the manner of a film or in the manner of a liquid, viscous, paste-like or gel-like material. The material composition (10) according to the invention can be used, amongst others, as oxidation protection and as a sealing element.

Description

Material composition, its production and use

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a material composition - in particular for one or as an oxidation protection and / or a seal - method for their preparation and their uses. In particular, the present invention also relates to a high temperature oxidation protection film.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In many technical commodities and devices, when they are manufactured, but also when used in service, a wide range of operating parameters, e.g. the temperature, overlined. Depending on the application, the temperature of a workpiece, tool or even a commodity may extend from the room temperature - or far below it - to a few hundred or even more than 1,000 ° C. In the different temperature ranges, the mechanical and / or thermal stresses of the individual material components may also be very different, especially at the surfaces or interfaces.

In such conditions with thermally activated surfaces or interfaces, chemical reactions can occur there, in particular oxidation processes, which also change the properties of the underlying materials at their upper or boundary surfaces. In this case, due to oxidation, for example, the electrical resistance - which would be relevant, for example, in electrodes or the like - and / or material integrity - which would be relevant for example in seals - adversely affected. In order to avoid or at least alleviate such wear situations, it is therefore often inherent or additional material layers applied to surfaces or to interfaces or to their partial areas thereof which serve, for example, as protective layers or also assume other functions, for example serve as seals. Such inherent or additional material layers should possibly possess suitable properties over the entire range of operating parameters, ie in particular over the entire temperature range, and protect and / or stabilize the underlying surface or interface compared to a situation without an inherent or additional layer ,

Thus, with oxidation protection applied to an interface or surface, it is desirable that the attachment itself, which often occurs at room temperature, not be hindered, perhaps even promoted, by the flexibility of the additional layer's material. This means that the material should be as coherent as possible at room temperature and also have some mechanical flexibility, e.g. should have in the form of a flexibility. On the other hand, the protective function and the mechanical relationship or cohesion of the underlying material must not change significantly in the high-temperature range, since otherwise the function of the additional layer would be called into question.

In addition, it often comes down to other properties that must be realized over the entire temperature range or over a large part of it, can be thought there, for example. to the electrical conductivity, which should be possible at room temperature, but at significantly higher temperatures may no longer be necessary.

If one thinks of seals, which should be provided in connection with a material transition, for example between two flanges or the like, so should here at room temperature, for example during assembly of the material cohesion or context exist together with a certain mechanical flexibility. In addition, for the sealing function, natural Leakage over the entire operating temperature range could be as low as possible, this is often associated with the material connection or cohesion of the gasket underlying the material composition.

In addition to the problems described above in connection with a possible oxidation of an underlying material in a workpiece or tool, oxidation processes are also problematic when using material compositions for modifying workpieces or tools at their surfaces or interfaces, since the properties also result from oxidation known material compositions can be adversely affected.

In addition, known material compositions - e.g. in film form - can be produced only with a comparatively high procedural and equipment expense with a high use of energy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention is based on the object of specifying a material composition whose material relationship or cohesion is maintained over a wide temperature range and, above all, in the high-temperature range above 700 ° C. and which with a comparatively low process engineering and apparatus complexity and at a comparatively lower use of energy can be produced.

The objects underlying the invention are achieved in a material composition according to the invention with the features of independent claim 1. Further, the objects of the invention are solved in a method for producing a material composition according to the invention with the features of independent claims 1 5 and 1 7. Furthermore, the objects of the invention are based on the uses of the material composition according to the invention. Composition according to independent claims 1 8 and 21 solved. Advantageous developments are the subject of the respective dependent claims

The present invention provides a material composition - which is particularly suitable for or as an oxidation protection and / or for or as a seal - with a carrier component and with an additive component, wherein the additive component comprises one or more ceramic additives and wherein the carrier component and the additive component in a volume ratio ranging from about 1: 9 to about 7: 3.

Thus, a core idea of the present invention is to provide a material composition for a given volume ratio of the carrier component relative to the additive component in order to achieve the material context, material cohesion and material stability, ie. H . the mechanical integrity of the entire structure is maintained over a wide temperature range and thereby to effect in the application of the material composition, that of the material integrity accompanying properties of the material composition itself, but also in the application of those of the material system in which the material composition is also stabilized over a wide temperature range or even be preserved. The properties stabilized thereby can relate to dimensional stability, stability at the micro level, eg in the sense of gas tightness or the like, or else the electrical conductivity of the system whose structure is based on the material composition. The material composition provided by the invention has a material relationship or cohesion which is maintained over a wide temperature range and above all in the high temperature range above 700 ° C. The material composition created by the invention tion can be produced with a comparatively low procedural and equipment expense and with a comparatively lower use of energy, in particular when it is provided as a film or in the form of a paint or the like.

For many material compositions, it is not possible to produce films with other than the inventive methods.

The carrier component and the additive component may be present in a volume ratio ranging from about 1: 4 to about 2: 1, preferably in a range of about 1: 1. Particularly preferred specifications for the range of the volume ratio of the carrier component to the additive component characterize particularly suitable material compositions according to the present invention by which the properties of the material composition itself as well as of the system are particularly well stabilized when used with the material composition according to the invention to let .

The material composition according to the invention may be formed as a graphite foil provided or filled with one or more ceramic additives.

However, the material composition according to the invention may also be formed as a resin-based material provided with one or more ceramic additives and in particular also as a film or as a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material and / or with one or more functional additives.

The at least one ceramic additive can be or have a high-temperature-resistant material, a glass-forming material and / or a material which - especially at temperatures above about 700 ° C - oxidized and thereby sintered. Especially in combination of these features are particularly favorable properties of the material composition with regard to the stabilization and the material connection, namely the fact that in the high temperature range due to the oxidation of the ceramic additives on the then running out sintering stabilization and protection.

The at least one ceramic additive may be a material or have from the group which is formed (from TiB _2, T1O2, Si, SiC, Si 3 N _4, BN, B ₄ C, CaB _6, FeB, Si ₃ N _4, Zr HPO ₄ ) ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , AIB ₂ , AIB12, SiB ₆ , PB, ΖηΟ · Β ₂ Ο ₃ , tri zinc phosphate, zinc borates and combinations thereof. Especially these mentioned materials and their combinations can give the stabilizing effect of the material composition according to the invention particularly reliable reasons.

The following pairs are particularly suitable for first and second additives of the additive component, namely BC or SiC, BC or Zr (HPO ₄ ) 2, BC or ΤΊΟ ₂ , TiB ₂ or Si or else ΤΊΟ 2 or Si, namely the following table A:

Table A: Pairings of First and Second Additives The examples of pairs of first and second additives for the additive component mentioned here have proven to be particularly suitable embodiments with regard to the stabilization of the properties of the inventive material composition as such, but also of those related thereto Systems proved.

The carrier component may comprise or be formed from a graphite material, an expanded graphite intercalation compound having Use of H ₂ SO ₄ (GHS), an expanded graphite intercalation compound using H NO 3 (GN) and / or mixtures thereof (GNS), one or more carbon-based fiber materials or combinations thereof, in particular in expanded and / or pulverized form and / or wherein one or more functional additives are provided, for example with or from a synthetic graphite or one or more carbon blacks.

The materials mentioned here reflect the possibility of film formation, graphite film formation and / or the formation of carbon felts and / or graphite felts when the carrier component is combined with the respective additive component, with electrical conductivity being inherently ensured on account of the carbon-based nature. Particularly advantageous and therefore preferred are materials, in particular films, based on or with expanded graphite. In this case, a graphite foil, e.g. by (A) first providing a graphite material, (B) then making a so-called graphite intercalation or intercalation compound therefrom, (C) then thermally decomposing and expanding it - e.g. by shock-heating at temperatures around 1000 ° C - and (D) the expandate as a carrier component is then compressed by compression to the inventive material composition in the form of a film after mixing with one or more additives for the additive component - and optionally of functional additives.

The carrier component can be formed from or comprise a resin material, in particular a phenolic resin material and / or with one or more thermoset or thermoplastic polymers. The use of resins, in particular in liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous form, makes it possible to provide a corresponding material composition which can be used as a coating or mold following the covering layer and therefore allows particularly flexible use. Also conceivable is the use and / or conversion of resins into film form, wherein the additive component with its components is introduced by pressing and / or mixing into the existing resin-based film.

In certain applications, it may be particularly advantageous to use material compositions which, especially at room temperature, are present as film and / or as felt. Films and felts are particularly easy to handle, since they are essentially dimensionally stable, are equipped with mechanical flexibility and elasticity and can be cut to length.

On the other hand, in certain other applications, material compositions may be advantageous which are present, in particular at room temperature, as a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material. These forms of material compositions can be distributed in any shape, e.g. by painting or the like.

It is advantageous if - in particular at room temperature - the inventive material composition is mechanically coherent, mechanically flexible, mechanically elastic and / or electrically conductive. These properties can be designed individually or in any combination with one another by the composition of the individual carrier components and additive components, in order to meet the respective applications in a particularly flexible manner. It can also be considered aspects of plastic deformability.

The material composition of the invention may be or may be such that it is or remains mechanically coherent at a temperature above about 700 ° C. The mechanical relationship or cohesion or mechanical integrity in the high temperature region are particularly important because the prior art is unable to do so is to ensure the mechanical integrity and thus the functioning of the underlying material composition even beyond 700 ° C.

The additive component may comprise one or more functional additives with or from a graphite material, a synthetic graphite, a natural graphite, one or more carbon blacks, one or more carbon-based fiber materials or combinations thereof, in particular in expanded and / or powdered form. Alternatively or additionally, the additive component may have one or more functional additives with or of a metal material, preferably with copper, in particular in powder form.

Thus, the modification of the additive component by functional additives can also bring out further properties of the material composition. Also conceivable is an additive of metallic materials, e.g. in the form of dusts, preferably copper dust or the like. This can e.g.

serve to modulate the electrical conductivity in a resin as the underlying carrier component.

The carrier component and the additive component may be present as or substantially as a mixture of substances. Also conceivable are solutions, suspensions, emulsions, mixtures of solids and the like. The presence as a mixture of substances guarantees a particularly intimate contact and a particularly intimate entanglement of the carrier component with the additive component and thus a particularly homogeneous material structure for the material composition.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a corresponding manufacturing method for the material composition of the present invention. In a method according to the invention for producing a material composition, the carrier component and the additive component are mixed in a corresponding volume ratio and pressed into a film. By this procedure, the material composition according to the invention in the corresponding volume ratio of the carrier component and the additive component mixed in a film material is transferred, which can then be applied.

In this case, the carrier component may already be in the form of a film prior to pressing with the additive component. This means that an already existing film can be finished by a corresponding further processing in the sense of the material composition according to the invention by adding the additive component and maintaining the film structure.

Particularly preferred as the carrier component or as part thereof is expanded graphite material.

In another embodiment of the manufacturing process of the invention, (a) the carrier component may be present as a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous resin prior to compression with the additive component and provided with the additive component in the appropriate volume ratio, (b) the resulting liquid, viscous , pasty or gelatinous mixture poured into a film and possibly cured and / or pressed and (c) in particular the resulting film are laminated, for example on a workpiece or the like.

Alternatively, in a process for producing a material composition, the carrier component may be in the form of a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material and the additive component may be in the form of a bulk material, a powder, a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material. In this case, the carrier component and the additive component are then mixed in the appropriate volume ratio and the resulting mixture either in the form of a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material or by a further processing step as a material composition in the form of a film. Instead of a film, the material composition produced is formed in the manner of a more moldable material, in which case the final result is then a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous end product with the material composition according to the invention and can be used further.

It is therefore also conceivable that the carrier component and / or an intermediate form of the material composition according to the invention are initially present as a liquid, viscous, pasty or gel-like material and then converted by an intermediate or further processing process into a film, e.g. by a foil casting, possibly with subsequent curing. Further aspects of the present invention are various uses of the material compositions according to the invention.

It is the use of the material composition according to the invention as oxidation protection - especially in a graphite- or carbon-based or graphite- or carbon-reinforced body or workpiece - possible. Due to the modulatable properties of the material composition according to the invention, this is therefore particularly suitable for use as oxidation protection, e.g. for refining a substantially solid body, workpiece or tool, in particular based on graphite or carbon and / or with a graphite or carbon reinforcement.

The material composition according to the invention may be provided as a coating on the surface or on a part of the surface of the body or workpiece or as a material admixture on or in the surface or on or in a part of the surface of the body or workpiece. The body or workpiece to which the material composition of the present invention is applied may be a thermal protector, a heat tile, an electrode, an arc electrode or a tool, or the like.

Furthermore, the material composition according to the invention can be used as a seal between two workpieces, in particular on a flange or the like, preferably as a flat gasket, annular seal or tape seal. Due to the modulatable properties with regard to the material connection and the resulting low leakage, the material composition according to the invention, with a corresponding design, is also suitable as a sealing material.

Thus, as already indicated in connection with the general aspects above, a core idea of the present invention is also a carrier component and an additive component (a) as starting materials for a material composition or (b) in the final configuration of the material composition in each case Provide volume ratio according to the invention.

This ensures that, over a particularly wide range of operating temperatures, the material context, the material cohesion and thus the material integrity of the material composition are maintained.

This means in particular that at low temperatures, for example in the region of room temperature, a particularly suitable handling of the material composition results in their given state of aggregation. On the other hand, even at high operating temperatures, there is no dissolution of the material integrity and thus the cohesion of the material composition, so that the mechanical properties based on the material integrity are preserved. This means that the because product produced does not decompose at high temperatures and / or does not form appreciable holes.

While the material integrity in the low-temperature range is essentially realized by the carrier component, in the high-temperature range, in particular beyond 700 ° C., the material integrity is optionally realized by the additive component, e.g. by their glass formation or sintering. Thus, even if the carrier component dissolves at high temperatures, e.g. graphite, e.g. by oxidation processes, the material integrity of the material composition as a whole is retained due to the properties of the constituents of the additive component, namely, especially when the constituents of the additive component are ceramic and glass-forming constituents.

The terms carrier component and additive component are to be understood in the context of the present invention vorlie invention quite generally. The carrier component may on the one hand actually be carbon materials or graphite materials, but also resin materials or the like. It is important that the carrier component realizes the material integrity in the low-temperature range, if appropriate also the mechanical flexibility and / or elasticity, for example in the sense of the flexibility of a film or the like. On the one hand the material integrity in the high temperature range can be ensured by the additive component. Furthermore, by adding so-called functional additives, the property spectrum of the material composition can be extended, for example by adding functional additives which influence the electrical conductivity. Of course, however, the carrier component corresponding functional additives may be added, for example, if the actual binding-producing material itself has only an insufficient electrical conductivity. These and other aspects will be explained on the basis of the attached drawings.

KU DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. Figures 1A-C illustrate the use of the inventive material composition according to a first embodiment in which the material composition is applied to a surface of a workpiece.

Fig. 2A-C show another use of the invention

Material composition in which this is introduced as a kind of impregnation in the surface region of a workpiece to be processed.

Fig. FIGS. 3A-4C show, in diagrammatic and partially sectioned form, another use of the material composition of the invention, here in the further processing of a cylindrical body, e.g. an electrode or the like.

Fig. 5A-C show, in schematic and partially sectioned form, another form of use of the material composition according to the invention, in which case several layers with the material composition according to the invention are applied to the surface of a body.

Fig. FIGS. 6A-C show, in schematic and partially sectioned form

Use of the material composition according to the invention as a seal between two workpieces.

Fig. Figure 7 shows in block diagram form a manufacturing method and method for using the material composition of the invention. Fig. 8 shows another block diagram

Manufacturing method and another method for using the material composition of the invention.

Fig. 9 shows in block diagram form another manufacturing method and method for using the material composition of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. All embodiments of the invention and also their technical features and properties can be individually isolated or optionally combined with one another and combined without restriction.

Structurally and / or functionally identical, similar or identically acting features or elements are referred to below in connection with the figures with the same reference numerals. Not always will a detailed description of these features or elements be repeated.

The Fig. 1 A to 1 C show, in schematic and partially cut form, a first possible use of an embodiment of the material composition according to the invention.

In this case, on the surface 20a of a material 20 to be processed - for example, a workpiece 1 00 or a tool 1 00 according to the in FIG. 1A shown arrangement - according to FIG. 1B, a single layer of the inventive material composition 10 is applied. The material composition 1 0 according to the invention can be applied as a foil 1 0-1 or applied as a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous paint 1 0-2. This takes place, for example, at room temperature and the material used according to the invention. composition 1 0 has a specific first or initial configuration 1 0 'and contains according to the invention the carrier component 1 1 - eg with graphite 1 1' or resin 1 1 "- and the additive component 1 2 with one or more additives 1 2 ', 12".

It may have an intermediate or further processing step - e.g. a temperature step - connect. This can either be due to a higher operating temperature or to an explicit high-temperature processing step.

It is conceivable that according to FIG. 1C, the material composition 110 according to the invention in the high-temperature range or in or after the high-temperature step assumes a second configuration 110. This second configuration 110 can also be accompanied by a compactification and thus a volume reduction of the material composition according to the invention, as shown in FIG , 1 C is indicated. This is not mandatory. It is also conceivable that the material composition 1 0 of the invention over the entire temperature range in the configuration l 0 'remains. In practice, the material composition 10 according to the invention can be formed from a film 10-1 of a mixture with graphite 11 'and ceramic additives 12'1 2 ". In this case, at room temperature, the film 1 0-1 produced would be both Graphite as a carrier component 1 1 and the ceramic components 1 2 ', 1 2 "as additive component 1 2 included. At very high temperatures, some or all components of the material composition 10 according to the invention can then oxidize. For example, a relevant proportion of the graphite 1 1 'in the configuration 10 "of the material composition 10 according to the invention may have disappeared, whereas the ceramic constituents 1 2', 1 2" in the second configuration 1 0 "of the material composition according to the invention have reorganized, for example, into a vitreous state, which, for example, is accompanied by a reduced volume without losing material integrity, material connection or cohesion. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 2A to 2C find comparable processes to those in FIGS. 1 A to 1 C instead, but the material composition according to the invention 1 0 is not applied to the surface 20 a of the underlying material body 20, but after form of a kind of impregnation in the surface 20 a of the material 20 of the workpiece 1 00 is introduced, as described in Transition from Fig. 2A to FIG. 2B is shown. In the Fig. 2B, the material body 100 is then in a finished form with a surface impregnation based on an embodiment of the material composition 10 according to the invention.

In the transition to Fig. 2C shows that after a high-temperature treatment, be it explicitly or implicitly due to increased operating temperatures in the use of the processed material body 20, an implementation takes place in the area of the impregnated surface 20a, so that a second configuration 10 '' occurs, which is different from the first configuration 10 'shown in Fig. 2B.

It should be noted that the diversity of the first and second configurations 10 'and 10' is not mandatory, but it is generally conceivable that the material composition 10 according to the invention after its completion and its application or introduction into the material 20 of the material body 1 A to 1 C analogous manner, the use of an embodiment of the inventive material composition 1 0 in a cylindrical body 1 00, for example an electrode, 3A to 3C show the cylindrical configuration in a lateral cross-sectional view, whereas FIGS. 4A to 4C represent the cylindrical body 100 or the electrode 100 with viewing direction in the direction of the cylinder axis. Again, the three phases of the manufacturing process are shown again, näml I in Figs. 3A and 4A, the material body 100 in its original form, in FIGS. 3B and 4B of the material body 100 coated on the surface 20a, 100a with an embodiment of the inventive material composition 10, from the material 20, in its first or low-temperature configuration 10 ', and in FIGS. 3C and 4C in the second or high-temperature configuration 1 0 ", where the latter is again assumed that it comes to a compactification with a corresponding volume shrinkage while maintaining the material integrity.

The Fig. 5A to 5C show a to FIGS. 1 A to 1 C analog configuration, but here the embodiment of the inventive material composition 1 0 is applied in a multi-layered manner on the surface 20a, 1 00a of the underlying material 20 or material body 1 00, as shown in FIG. 5B is shown. In the transition from the in Fig. 5B illustrated first or low-low temperature configuration 1 0 'to that shown in FIG. Substantially a dissolution of the layer structure for the material composition 10 according to the invention takes place as shown in FIG. 5C, resulting in loss of the layering a compactified arrangement 10 'for the inventive material composition 10 on the surface 20a, 1 00a of the material s 20 of the material body 1 00. The multi-layered structure of the material composition 1 0 according to FIG. 5B can be achieved for example by a multi-layer winding of a film 10-1. It is also conceivable a repeated application of a paint 1 0-2, possibly with intervening drying steps. In the Figs. FIGS. 6A to 6C show how the material composition 10 according to the invention can be introduced in the manner of a seal 1 0-3 between first and second tubular material bodies 1 01 and 1 02. In the Fig. 6A, the two pipe sections 1 01, 1 02 or material body 101, 1 02 spatially separated from each other and form at one end to each other first and second mating flanges 1 01 f and 1 02f. At the first flange 1 01 f of the first material body 1 01, ie the first tube 1 01 is a in FIG. 20C in plan view shown annular seal 1 0-3 on the basis of the inventive material composition 1 0 attached. In the transition from Fig. 6A to FIG. 6B, the first and second pipe sections 1101 and 102 then abut one another on the front side, ie on the first and second flanges 1101f and 102f with the seal 10-3 of the material composition 10 according to the invention via first and second screw elements 1 01 s and 1 02s interconnected.

Due to the excellent material properties, the more stable material integrity over a wider temperature range, the material composition according to the invention 1 0 is suitable for the transition between the first and second tubes 1 01 and 1 02 in the region of the first and second flanges 1 01 f and 1 02f seal, wherein the leakage rates are greatly reduced compared to known mica gaskets or the like. These and other aspects will now be further elucidated on the basis of the following remarks as well as on the basis of various exemplary embodiments:

Example 1: Here, a form of preparation and testing for the evaluation of the properties of a material composition 10 according to the invention is described.

Commercially available graphite hydrogen sulfate 1 1 '(SS3, Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was shockingly heated to 1,000 ° C to obtain a graphite expandate. 5.0 g of the expansion thus obtained were together with two additives 12 ', 1 2 ", I n 1 1, 3 g of B ₄ C powder (ESK

Ceramics GmbH & Co. KG, Kempten) with a d ₅ o value of 1 5 μιτι and with 3.7 g of SiC powder (ESK-SIC GmbH, Frechen) with a d ₅ o value of 6 μηη mixed in a tumble mixer and pressed into a disc-shaped Fol ie 10-1 with a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 90 mm. The resulting film was materially coherent and mechanically flexible. This film 1 0-1 was swapped for further investigation at 1 300 ° C in a platinum crucible in air. At regular intervals the mass loss of the foil was determined. After about 3 h, a constant mass of about 6.5 g was established. After the heat treatment, the film remained stable, hole-free and brittle.

Example 2:

Graphite foils 1 0-1 were produced by the method described in Example 1, which were filled with different ceramic powders 1 2 ', 1 2 ". The d ₅ o values of the ceramic additives 1 2', 1 2" were in the Range between 5 μιτι and 50 μιτι. The compositions of the samples are summarized in Table 1. These samples were weighed, aged at 700 ° C in the air stream (600 l / h) for 1 h and then weighed again. After this temperature treatment, all samples formed stable, hole-free and brittle foils 10-1.

The percent mass losses are listed in Table 2. As a comparative sample, a highly oxidation-protected, commercially available graphite foil 10-1 having the same dimensions (Sigraflex APX2, SGL Technologies GmbH, Meitingen) was treated in the same way. This sample was also hole-free after the temperature treatment, but flexible.

A significant difference of the comparative film to the material composition according to the invention is the volume ratio between carrier component and additive component that is significantly different from the volume ratio to be provided according to the invention, which was in the range of 99: 1 for the comparison film, ie. 99% by volume of the comparison film were formed from the carrier component and correspondingly gives an ashing value of 1% in the tests.

Table 1: Compositions of the films filled with ceramic powders

Table 2: Mass losses at 700 ° C after 1 h

Example 3:

Samples containing the compositions mentioned in Example 2 were oxidized at 1,300 ° C. in a platinum crucible in air for 1 h. The mass losses are summarized in Table 3. All foils 10-1 filled with ceramic powders 1 2 ', 1 2 "were stable, hole-free and brittle after the heat treatment The unfilled reference sample was completely oxidized.

Table 3: Mass losses at 1 300 ° C after 1 h

Example 4:

As an application example, a cylinder 1 00 made of synthetic graphite with a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 30 mm - which can act as a model eg for an arc electrode - wrapped on the lateral surface with 2 layers of 1 mm thick graphite foil 1 0-1 which was filled with two additives 1 2 ', 1 2 "when TiB ₂ and Si were filled, that is, had a composition according to Table 1, Sample 2, so that the overall outside diameter was 54 mm Cylinder 1 00 fixed with phenolic resin The front surfaces of cylinder 1 00 were not covered The cylinder 1 00 was oxidized at 1,300 ° C for 3 h in air, during which the filled graphite foil 1 0-1 on the lateral surface turned into one ceramic foil or layer 1 0 "around. The outer diameter of the wound cylinder 1 00 was unchanged after the temperature treatment. On the uncovered faces oxidation traces were noticeable. A comparative model of synthetic graphite in cylindrical form having a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 30 mm was also oxidized at 1,300 ° C. for 3 hours in air, without oxidation protection film. After the temperature treatment, traces of oxidation could be seen on the entire sample or cylinder surface, the outer diameter of the cylinder after the temperature treatment was 45 mm.

Example 5:

Instead of a film, the material composition according to the invention can also be used to create a material 1 0-2 of essentially liquid consistency: A solution of 50 g of phenolic resin (SP 227, Hexion

Specialty Chemicals, Inc.) and 50 g of ethanol - which acted as carrier component 1 1 in the context of the invention - as additives 1 2 ', 1 2 "22 g of TiB ₂ powder (d ₅ o 1 0 μιτι), 28 g of Si. Powder (d ₅ o 20 μιτι) and 40 g of graphite powder (d ₅ o 5 μιτι) stirred as an additional and electrical conductivity donating functional additive, said mixture acted as additive component 1 2 in the context of the invention and the graphite content of the total composition already at This gave a thin, spreadable mixture, which was used as paint 10-2, which was applied with a brush in a layer thickness of about 0.5 mm on the mantle and end faces of a cylinder of synthetic graphite (Diameter: 50 mm, height: 1 00 mm) and dried at room temperature for 24 h., Subsequently, the sample was oxidized at 1 300 ° C for 1 h in air ceramic layer around, other signs of oxidation were not apparent.

Example 6:

The conductivity-providing component need not be graphite or carbon based:

Again in a solution of 50 g of phenolic resin (SP 227, Hexion Special Chemicals, Inc.) and 50 g of ethanol - which in turn was used as carrier Component 1 1 according to the invention acted - this time 33 g of TiB ₂ powder (d ₅ o 1 0 μιτι), 42 g of Si powder (d ₅ o 20 μιτι) and 75 g of copper powder (d ₅ o 1 0 μιτι) stirred , Wherein this powder mixture functioned as additive component 1 2 in the sense of the invention and this time the copper content of the overall composition gave electrical conductivity even at low temperatures. This gave again a thin, spreadable mixture, which served as a paint 1 0-3.

This was applied with a brush in a layer thickness of about 0.5 mm on the mantle and end faces of a cylinder of synthetic graphite having a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 1 00 mm and dried at room temperature for 24 h. Subsequently, the sample was oxidized at 1,300 ° C. for 1 h in air. In the process, the coating turned into a ceramic layer, other signs of oxidation could not be detected.

Example 7:

Graphite sheets 10-1 were prepared by the method described in Example 1 and filled with different ceramic powders as additives 1 2 ', 12'. The compositions of the samples are summarized in Table 4. The thickness was 1 the d ₅ o values of the additives mm (samples 1 and 2) and 0.5 mm (sample 3). ranged between 5 and 200 μιτι μιτι. These samples were weighed at 700 ° C in the air stream (1 00 This temperature treatment was then repeated until the number of 10 hours was reached After this temperature treatment, all samples formed stable, hole-free and partially flexible films 1 0-1 in Table 4. As a comparative sample, a highly oxidation-protected, commercially available graphite foil having the same dimensions (Sigraflex APX2, SGL Technologies GmbH, Meitingen) was treated in the same way This sample was also hole-free after the temperature treatment, but flexible.

Table 4: Compositions of films filled with ceramic powders

Table 5: Mass losses at 700 ° C after

Table 6: Mass losses at 700 ° C after 5 h

The films made according to Example 6 exhibit embrittlement on tempering but retain some of the flexibility so that they can be used as a material for classical sealing applications (e.g.

Flange connections) can be used. Here, above all, the use in the high temperature range is possible, which has hitherto been reserved mainly mica-based materials and their combination. The compressibility and the adaptation to rough surfaces are also given in the ceramic embodiment even after temperature treatment.

The leakage rate in ml / min of sample 1 and sample 2 according to DIN EN 28090-1 was tested in comparison with a commercially available mica sealing material (reference). The measured leakage rates are shown in Table 7.

Table 7: Leakage rates according to DI N EN 28090-1 in comparison to reference.

In the figures 7 and 8 are in the form of flow diagrams two general process forms for the preparation and use of the invention Material composition 1 0, which also cover the above-described Examples 1 to 7.

In the in Fig. 7, the material composition 10 according to the invention is provided in the form of a film 1 0-1 and optionally used.

First, graphite material 11 'is provided in step S1 and subjected to an expansion process in step S2. The expanded material obtained is optionally ground in step S3 and / or functional additives are added. As a result of step S3, the carrier component 11 of the material composition 10 according to the invention is obtained.

On the other hand, in steps S4 and S6, first and second additives 1 2 'or 1 2 "-for example B ₄ C or SiC-are provided and, if appropriate, in each case ground in steps S 5 or S7 and / or mixed with functional additives. In step S8, the intermediates of steps S4 to S7 are obtained in a corresponding mixing ratio as the additive component 1 2.

In step S9, the carrier component 11 and the additive component 1 2 are then mixed according to the invention in a specific volume ratio in the range from about 1: 9 to about 7: 3 and compressed to an oxidation protection foil 1 0-1 in step S1 0 ,

On the one hand, according to step S1 5, an aftertreatment and / or storage step of the material composition 10 according to the invention may follow.

On the other hand, in connection with the provision of a workpiece 100 in step S1 1, the use of the film 10-1 can also take place immediately. In this case, if appropriate, the workpiece 100 is first treated in step S1 2 with an adhesive for the film 10-1, for example with a resin. Then, the workpiece 1 00 is wrapped with the film 10-1 from the material composition according to the invention, for example in step S1 3. In step S14, a subsequent treatment and / or the storage of the wrapped workpiece 1 00 may then take place. On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 process provided the material composition of the invention 1 0 in the form of a paint 1 0-2 and optionally used.

First, resin material 11 'is provided in step T1 and, if necessary, admixed with a solvent, for example ethanol, in step T3. As a result of step T3, the carrier component 11 of the material composition 10 according to the invention is obtained.

On the other hand, in steps T4 and T6, first and second additives 1 2 'or 1 2 "- for example B ₄ C or SiC - are provided again and optionally ground in steps T5 or T7 and / or mixed with functional additives In step T8, the intermediates of steps T4 to T7 are again obtained in a corresponding mixing ratio as additive component 1 2.

In step T9, the carrier component 1 1 and the additive component 1 2 are again mixed according to the invention in a specific volume ratio in the range from about 1: 9 to about 7: 3 and provided in step T1 0 to an oxidation protection coating 1 0-2.

On the one hand, according to step T1 5, an after-treatment and / or storage step of the material composition 10 according to the invention may again follow.

On the other hand, in connection with the provision of a workpiece 1 00 in step T1 1 again the same use of the paint 1 0-2 done. The workpiece 100 is first treated in step T13 with the coat 1 0-2 by brushing. In step T14, if necessary, a subsequent treatment and / or the storage of the coated workpiece 1 00 takes place.

In the in Fig. 9 illustrated process for producing the inventive material composition 10, this is again formed as a film 1 0-1, however, on the basis of a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous resinous material 1 "and / or with a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous intermediate product. Accordingly, steps U 1 to U 9 respectively correspond substantially to steps T 1 to T 9.

In step U 10, a material composition 1 0 according to the invention is obtained in a fluid, in this case liquid, viscous, pasty or gel-like intermediate form and provided.

In step U 15, the liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material composition 10 is optionally stored and / or post-treated, e.g. for ripening or by adding functional additives. In step U 1 5a, the liquid, viscous, pasty or gel-like intermediate form of the material composition 1 0 according to the invention is poured into a Fol ie 1 0-1 and optionally pressed and / or cured.

In steps U 1 1 and U 1 2 again the provision of the workpiece 1 00 and possibly pretreatment of the same with an adhesive takes place.

In step U 1 3, the workpiece is wrapped with the resin-based film 1 0-1 and then optionally treated in step U 14.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 inventive material composition

10 'first configuration or low temperature configuration of the inventive material composition 10

10 "second configuration or high temperature configuration of the

Inventive Material Composition 10

11 carrier component

11 'graphite, carbon,

11 "resin

11-1 foil

11-2 coat

11-3 seal

12 additive component

12 'ceramic additive

12 "ceramic additive

20 Material of the workpiece or tool 100

20a surface of the material 20

100 Material body, workpiece body, workpiece, tool, graphite- or carbon-based body, graphite- or carbon-reinforced body

100a surface, surface area

102 first material body, first workpiece body, first workpiece, second tool, first tube, first graphite- or carbon-based body, first graphite- or carbon-reinforced body

101a surface, surface area

101 f flange, first flange

101s screw, first screw

102 second material body, second workpiece body, second workpiece, second tool, second tube, second graphite- or carbon-based body, second graphite- or carbon-reinforced body

102a surface, surface area

102f second flange

102s second screw

Claims

claims

1 . Material composition (1 0), in particular for one or as an oxidation protection (30, 30 ') or a seal,

with a carrier component (1 1) and

with an additive component (1 2),

wherein the additive component (1 2) comprises one or more ceramic additives (1 2 ', 1 2 ") and

wherein the carrier component (11) and the additive component (12) are present in a volume ratio ranging from about 1: 9 to about 7: 3.

2. Material composition (1 0) according to claim 1,

wherein the carrier component (11) and the additive component (12) are in a volume ratio ranging from about 1: 4 to about 2: 1, preferably in a range of about 1: 1.

3. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

which is designed as a graphite foil (10-1) provided with one or more ceramic additives (1 2 ', 1 2 ") or

which as a resin-based material provided with one or more ceramic additives (1 2 ', 1 2 ") - in particular as a film (1 0-1) or as a liquid, viscous, pasty or gel-like material and / or with one or more functional additives - is trained.

4. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

wherein the at least one ceramic additive (1 2 ', 1 2 ") is or has a high-temperature resistant material, a glass-forming material and / or a material which - especially at temperatures above about 700 ° C - oxidized and thereby sintered.

5. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

wherein the at least one ceramic additive (1 2 ', 1 2 ") is a material or comprises from the group formed by TiB ₂ , ΤΊΟ ₂ , Si, SiC, Si 3 N ₄ , BN, B ₄ C, CaB ₆ , FeB , Si ₃ N ₄ , Zr (HPO ₄ ) ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , Al B ₂ , Al B 12, SiB ₆ , PB,

ΖηΟ · Β ₂ θ3, trizine phosphate, zinc borates and their combinations.

6. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

wherein the additive component (1 2) as first and second additives (1 2 ', 1 2 ") either B ₄ C or SiC, B ₄ C or Zr (HPO ₄ ) ₂ , B ₄ C or TiO ₂ , TiB ₂ or Si or else TiO ₂ or Si or is formed therefrom, in particular according to the following table:

7. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

wherein the carrier component (1 1) comprises or is formed from a graphite material (11 '), an expanded graphite intercalation compound using H ₂ SO ₄ (GHS), an expanded graphite intercalation compound using H NO 3 (GN) and / or their mixtures (GNS), one or more carbon-based fiber materials or combinations thereof, in particular in expanded and / or pulverized form and / or wherein one or more functional additives are provided, for example with or from a synthetic graphite or one or more Russians.

8. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

wherein the carrier component (1 1) comprises or is formed by a resin material (1 1 "), in particular a phenolic resin material and / or with one or more thermosetting or thermoplastic polymers.

9. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

which, in particular at room temperature, as Fol ie (1 1 -1) and / or is present as a felt.

1 0. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8,

which, in particular at room temperature, is in the form of a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material, in particular as a paint (1 1 -2).

1 1. Material composition (1 0) according to one of the preceding claims,

which is mechanically coherent at room temperature, mechanically flexible, mechanically elastic and / or electrically conductive.

1 2. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

which is or remains mechanically cohesive at a temperature above about 700 ° C.

1 3. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

wherein the additive component (12) has one or more functional additives with or consisting of a graphite material, a synthetic graphite, a natural graphite, one or more carbon blacks, one or more carbon-based fiber materials or combinations thereof, these in particular being expanded and / or or powdered form, and / or wherein the additive component (1 2) one or more functional additives with or from a metal material, preferably with copper, in particular in powder form.

14. Material composition (1 0) according to any one of the preceding claims,

wherein the carrier component (1 1) and the additive component (1 2) are present as or substantially as a mixture with one another.

1 5. A method for producing a material composition (1 0) according to any one of claims 1 to 14,

in which the carrier component (1 1) and the additive component (1 2) are mixed in a corresponding volume ratio and pressed into a film.

1 6. The method of claim 1 5, wherein:

(A) the carrier component (1 1) before pressing with the additive component (1 2) is present as a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous resin and is mixed with the additive component (1 2) in the appropriate volume ratio,

(B) the resulting liquid, viscous, pasty or gel-like mixture is poured into a film (1 0-1) and optionally cured and / or pressed, and

(c) in particular the resulting film (10-1) is laminated.

1 7. A method for producing a material composition (1 0) according to any one of claims 1 to 14,

in which the carrier component (11) is in the form of a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material,

in which the additive component (12) is present as bulk material, as a powder, as a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material,

in which the carrier component (1 1) and the additive component (1 2) are mixed in the appropriate volume ratio with each other and in which the resulting mixture:

is provided in the form of a liquid, viscous, pasty or gelatinous material or

is provided by a further processing step as a material composition (1 0) in the form of a Fol ie.

1 8. Use of the material composition (1 0) according to one of claims 1 to 14 as oxidation protection (30, 30 ') in a graphite- or carbon-based or graphite- or carbon-reinforced body (1 00) or workpiece (1 00).

1 9. Use according to claim 1 8,

wherein the material composition (1 0) as a coating on the surface (1 00a) or on a part of the surface (1 00a) of the body (1 00) or workpiece (1 00) or as a material admixture on or in the surface (1 00a ) or on or in part of the surface (100a) of the body (100) or workpiece (100).

20. Use according to claim 18 or 1 9,

wherein the body (100) or the workpiece (100) is a thermal protector, a heat tile, an electrode, an arc electrode, a workpiece or a tool, or the like.

21. Use according to one of claims 1 8 to 20,

as a seal between two workpieces (1 00, 1 01, 1 02), in particular on a flange (100f, 1 01 f, 1 02f) or the like, preferably as a flat gasket, ring seal or band seal.