CN110469733B - Flange sealing structure suitable for high-temperature large-heat-flow environment and mounting method thereof - Google Patents
Flange sealing structure suitable for high-temperature large-heat-flow environment and mounting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110469733B CN110469733B CN201910734345.2A CN201910734345A CN110469733B CN 110469733 B CN110469733 B CN 110469733B CN 201910734345 A CN201910734345 A CN 201910734345A CN 110469733 B CN110469733 B CN 110469733B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/02—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially
- F16L23/024—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by how the flanges are joined to, or form an extension of, the pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/02—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially
- F16L23/032—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by the shape or composition of the flanges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/16—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means
- F16L23/18—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means the sealing means being rings
Abstract
The invention provides a flange sealing structure suitable for a high-temperature large-heat-flow environment and an installation method thereof, and solves the problems that the existing integrated high-temperature large-heat-flow equipment is inconvenient to maintain, high in production and maintenance cost and difficult to recycle after being damaged. The sealing structure comprises two inner cylinders, and a groove flange and a tenon flange which are matched with each other; the groove and the tenon respectively divide the butt joint end face of the two flanges into an inner side end face and an outer side end face; the two inner cylinders are respectively welded at the inner sides of the two flanges, a gap is reserved between the two inner cylinders and the two flanges, the end surfaces of the two inner cylinders are respectively flush with the end surfaces of the inner sides of the two flanges, and the wall surfaces of the two inner cylinders are flush or form steps along the airflow direction; sealing gaskets are arranged in the grooves, and inorganic high-temperature glue is arranged between the end faces of the inner sides of the two flanges and between the butt joint end faces of the two inner cylinders; an anti-sticking glue layer which is easy to vaporize at high temperature is arranged between the butt joint end surfaces of the two inner cylinders and the inorganic high-temperature glue, and the thickness of the anti-sticking glue layer is not more than 0.1 mm; the outer sides of the two flanges are fastened through fasteners.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the sealing technology of high-temperature large-heat-flow equipment in the field of aerospace, and particularly relates to a flange sealing structure suitable for a high-temperature large-heat-flow environment and an installation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of aerospace technologies, particularly the development of hypersonic aircrafts and reentry aircrafts in the near space, higher requirements on ablation resistance and thermal protection performance of materials are provided. Therefore, advanced high-temperature and high-heat-flow ground test equipment is required to research the high-temperature resistance characteristics of the new material.
The big thermal current equipment of current high temperature, under the long-time circumstances of erodeing of gas stream above 3600K in order to make it, stable reliability has, consequently adopt integral type equipment (adopt welded structure or integrated into one piece structure) mostly, thereby avoid the butt joint gap to exist, but integral type equipment is not convenient for maintain in practical application, production and cost of maintenance are all higher, to different experimental purposes, the firing equipment of different specification efflux spray tube front end not only can not be general, and under the condition that any subassembly appears damaging in whole equipment, be difficult to reuse, the extended capability is relatively poor, need to change new big thermal current equipment of high temperature again, cause scientific research cost can not the value of full play high-efficient utilization.
Therefore, in the development process of the equipment, high-temperature large heat flow equipment with the detachable assembly can be introduced in an attempt, a flange sealing structure suitable for a high-temperature large heat flow environment and an installation method thereof are developed, and the heat protection of products on two sides of the butt joint gap of the detachable assembly, which is not facilitated by the long-time scouring of high-temperature airflow in the operation process, is prevented, so that the requirement on the reliability in the structural design of the product is met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flange sealing structure suitable for a high-temperature large heat flow environment and an installation method thereof, and solves the problems that the existing integrated high-temperature large heat flow equipment is inconvenient to maintain, high in production and maintenance cost and difficult to recycle under the condition that any component in the whole equipment is damaged.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
a flange sealing structure suitable for a high-temperature large-heat-flow environment is characterized by comprising a first inner cylinder, a second inner cylinder, a groove flange and a tenon flange which are matched with each other;
the butt joint end faces of the groove flange and the tenon flange are divided into an inner butt joint end face and an outer butt joint end face by the groove of the groove flange and the tenon of the tenon flange respectively;
the first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder are respectively welded on the inner sides of the groove flange and the tenon flange, and gaps for filling cooling water are respectively reserved between the two inner cylinders and the two flanges to form an interlayer structure; the butt joint end faces of the two inner cylinders are respectively flush with the inner butt joint end faces of the two flanges, and the wall faces of the two inner cylinders are flush or form steps along the airflow direction;
a sealing gasket is arranged in the groove of the groove flange, and integrated inorganic high-temperature glue is arranged between the inner butt joint end faces of the two flanges and between the butt joint end faces of the two inner cylinders and is used for filling the butt joint gap; wherein, an anti-sticking glue layer which is easy to vaporize at high temperature is arranged between the butt joint end faces of the two inner cylinders and the inorganic high-temperature glue and is used for preventing the inorganic high-temperature glue from being directly adhered to the end faces of the two inner cylinders; in order to avoid that a gap between the inorganic high-temperature adhesive and the end faces of the two inner cylinders is too large and is not beneficial to thermal protection, the thickness of the anti-sticking adhesive layer is not more than 0.1 mm;
the outer sides of the groove flange and the tenon flange are fixedly connected through a fastener.
Further, the thickness of the inorganic high-temperature glue is 2/3-4/5 of the tenon height in the tenon flange; the surface of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive is flush with the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at the two sides of the butt joint gap, or is not more than 0.5mm lower than the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at the two sides of the butt joint gap, so that the inorganic high-temperature adhesive is ensured not to protrude out of the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at the two sides of the butt joint gap, and the high-temperature large heat flow is prevented from washing the inorganic high-temperature; the sealing gasket is a graphite winding gasket, the graphite winding gasket has a certain thermal protection effect, and the sealing gasket can be reliably sealed in a temperature environment of 2000K.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides an installation method of the flange sealing structure suitable for the high-temperature large-heat-flow environment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1 installation
S1.1, coating anti-adhesion layers on the butt joint end faces of the first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder, and solidifying the anti-adhesion layers;
the anti-sticking glue layer is coated by adopting anti-sticking glue which is easy to vaporize at high temperature, and the coating thickness is not more than 0.1 mm;
s1.2 quickly smearing pasty inorganic high-temperature glue on the inner butt joint end face of the tenon flange and the butt joint end face of the second inner cylinder welded on the inner side of the tenon flange; the pasty inorganic high-temperature adhesive is used, although the fluidity of the adhesive is weak, the adhesive can partially flow under the action of gravity, so that the action is fast when the inorganic high-temperature adhesive is coated, and unnecessary processes such as subsequent cleaning and the like caused by the flowing of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive to an inner cylinder are avoided;
the inorganic high-temperature glue can work reliably at 1600 ℃, and the coating thickness of the inorganic high-temperature glue is smaller than the height of the tenon in the tenon flange;
filling a sealing gasket in a groove of a groove flange of a detachable structure of the high-temperature large heat flow equipment;
s1.3, assembling the groove flange and the tenon flange and fastening the groove flange and the tenon flange on the outer side uniformly, wherein a step in the reverse airflow direction is prevented from being formed between the first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder on two sides of the butt joint gap during assembly so as to prevent the front side of high-temperature airflow (with larger flow, about 30Kg/S) from washing the inorganic high-temperature adhesive and generate adverse effect on the service life of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive more or less;
s1.4, redundant inorganic high-temperature glue (namely, the inorganic high-temperature glue overflowing from the side of an airflow channel formed after the components are butted) after the butting is scraped, the inorganic high-temperature glue is ensured not to protrude out of the inner cylinder wall surfaces of the two sides of the butting gap, the butting gap is favorably sealed reliably, the inorganic high-temperature glue in the butting gap is solidified, and the solidified inorganic high-temperature glue can be used for carrying out equipment tests.
Further, in S1.2, the filling thickness of the inorganic high-temperature glue in the butt joint gap is 2/3-4/5 of the height of the tenon in the tenon flange, and in the range, the sealing effect of the butt joint flange is optimal and the service life of the butt joint flange is longest.
Further, the specific steps of S1.3 are:
the groove flange and the tenon flange are assembled and fastened on the outer side, 5-12 positions are uniformly selected in the circumferential direction, the width of a gap between the outer side butt joint end faces of the two flanges is measured so as to judge whether the groove flange and the tenon flange are fastened uniformly, wherein the width of the outer side gap is smaller than a theoretical design value, and the relative deviation of the width of each position is smaller than 10%, so that the groove flange and the tenon flange are perfectly butted, the inorganic high-temperature glue is fully contacted with the inner side butt joint end faces of the two flanges, no gap exists, and meanwhile, the first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder on two sides of the butt joint gap are prevented from forming a reverse airflow direction step during assembly.
Further, in S1.4, scraping off the excess inorganic high-temperature adhesive in the butt joint means that the surface of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive is flush with the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at the two sides of the butt joint gap, or is not more than 0.5mm lower than the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at the two sides of the butt joint gap; if the inorganic high-temperature glue protrudes out of the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at the two sides of the butt joint gap, the inorganic high-temperature glue can be softened and fall off under the positive impact of high-temperature airflow during testing, and the butt joint gap is not sealed easily.
Further, for the high-temperature and high-heat-flow device used for the ground test, it is necessary to ensure the reliable performance, and therefore, before S1, the method further includes step S0:
s0. cleaning the butt end faces of the groove flange and the tenon flange and the butt end faces of the first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder, and removing carbon deposition on the butt end faces. After the high-temperature large-heat-flow equipment is used, some carbon deposition can be remained on the butt joint end face by the fuel gas flow, the carbon deposition has certain thermal resistance and influences heat conduction, so that cooling water cannot take away heat, the heat protection capability is reduced, certain influence is generated on a test result, and meanwhile, the carbon deposition can influence the adhesion of inorganic high-temperature glue and a substrate; therefore, to reuse the used components, the carbon deposits on the abutting end faces of the components must be removed before the assembly of the seal to ensure a reliable seal between the components. When removing the carbon deposition, the butt joint end face can be cleaned by using a volatile carbon deposition-soluble solvent such as gasoline.
Further, S2 is also included after S1:
2 disassembly
S2.1, removing the fasteners on the outer sides of the groove flange and the tenon flange;
s2.2, uniformly selecting a plurality of points in the outer side butt joint gap of the flange sealing structure along the circumferential direction, and separating the groove flange from the tenon flange by means of force application of a tool, wherein the purpose is also to fully consider in the dismounting process;
and S2.3, removing the residual inorganic high-temperature glue.
Further, in S2.1, if there are a plurality of fasteners, the fasteners need to be symmetrically removed one by one; the flange sealing structure is ensured to be evenly stressed in the circumferential direction, and the body is prevented from being damaged in the dismounting process;
and S2.3, polishing by using fine sand paper to remove the residual inorganic high-temperature glue, and avoiding damaging the flange body during polishing.
Further, in S1.1 and S1.2, curing refers to curing for more than 24 hours in an environment with the temperature of not less than 15 ℃, and the temperature is too low to be cured; s1.2, filling a sealing gasket in a groove flange groove to form a graphite winding gasket; the inorganic high-temperature glue is ZA-1071 inorganic high-temperature glue; and in S1.3, 8 positions are uniformly selected to measure the width of the gap outside the butting flange, the number of the positions is moderate, and the comparison positions are comprehensive.
Further, in S1.1, the anti-adhesive which is easily vaporized at a high temperature refers to an anti-adhesive which is vaporized at a temperature of 1000K or more.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the flange sealing structure can meet the requirement on equipment reliability in a high-temperature large-heat-flow environment, is simple in structure, and can be used for assembling detachable components together in a sealing mode by utilizing the existing standard groove tenon flange. The structure can be disassembled according to the use requirement, and the middle subassembly of the equipment using the flange sealing structure has the characteristic of sharing, when any subassembly is damaged, the equipment is only required to be disassembled, the damaged subassembly is replaced, other subassemblies with good performance can be reused, the number of test equipment can be greatly reduced, and the development, processing, use and maintenance costs are reduced; meanwhile, the flange sealing structure eliminates the adverse effect of a detachable structure butt joint gap of high-temperature large heat flow equipment.
The tenon flange and the inner cylinder which form the detachable structure are made of different materials, and the tenon flange is made of steel with higher strength; the inner tube then needs to adopt the big material of heat conduction system, for example copper alloy material, the coefficient of expansion of this type of material is great, but intensity is little than the steel, if inorganic high temperature glue directly bonds with the inner tube, the obstructed condition of inner tube heating terminal surface inflation can appear during the use, and the dismantlement formula, the condition of damage inner tube body, therefore, need coat the easy vaporization of high temperature antiseized glue on the butt joint terminal surface of inner tube, prevent that inner tube and inorganic high temperature glue from directly adhering, make after the antiseized glue high temperature vaporization leave some gaps between inorganic high temperature glue and the inner tube terminal surface, it leaves the room to heat the inflation for the inner tube, and simultaneously, can not destroy the inner tube body when dismantling, be convenient for reuse, in order in convenient to dismantle and reuse, still can ensure sealed reliability, this gap must be enough narrow, consequently, prevent that the coating thickness of viscose is not more than 0.1 mm.
2. The thickness of the inorganic high-temperature glue is 2/3-4/5 of the tenon height in the tenon flange, and the inorganic high-temperature glue is filled according to the height, so that the inorganic high-temperature glue can provide enough adhesive force and can play a good sealing role.
3. According to the mounting method of the flange sealing structure, the groove flange and the tenon flange are assembled and fastened, the width of the gap at the outer side of the butt flange is measured at 5-12 positions uniformly in the circumferential direction, whether the thickness of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive filled in the circumferential direction of the gap at the inner side is equal or not is measured, the uniform filling is ensured, the relative deviation is less than 10%, meanwhile, the first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder at two sides of the butt joint gap are prevented from forming a step in the reverse airflow direction during assembling, and the adverse effect of the high-temperature airflow front washing on the inorganic high-temperature adhesive is avoided.
4. After the groove flange and the tenon flange are assembled, redundant inorganic high-temperature glue on the side of the butted air flow channel is scraped, so that excessive contact between high-temperature air flow and the inorganic high-temperature glue is avoided, excessive influence on the inorganic high-temperature glue is avoided, and the service life of the inorganic high-temperature glue is ensured to be longer.
5. After the high-temperature large-heat-flow equipment is used at least once, carbon deposition is more or less remained on the butt joint end face of the butt joint flange and the butt joint end face of the inner cylinder by the gas flow, and the carbon deposition is accumulated for a long time, so that the heat conduction of a product and the adhesion between inorganic high-temperature glue and a matrix are not facilitated; therefore, after the equipment runs for a period of time, the butt joint end face of the butt flange and the butt joint end face of the inner cylinder need to be cleaned, carbon deposition is removed, and the influence of carbon deposition residue on use and test effects is avoided.
6. By adopting the high-temperature large-heat-flow equipment with the flange sealing structure, the flange sealing structure can be disassembled when normal maintenance or repair is needed, and the anti-sticking glue layer is vaporized and disappears after the equipment is used in a high-temperature environment, so that the solidified inorganic high-temperature glue and the inner cylinders at two sides can not be adhered together, and the fasteners at the outer sides of the groove tenon flanges are symmetrically disassembled one by one, so that the flange sealing structure is ensured to be evenly stressed in the circumferential direction, and the body is prevented from being damaged in the disassembling process; then uniformly selecting a plurality of points in the outer side butt joint gap along the circumferential direction, separating the groove flange and the tenon flange by means of force application of a tool, and then removing the inorganic high-temperature glue on the inner side butt joint end face of the groove flange and the tenon flange; the disassembly process of the whole structure is simple and easy to operate, and the reuse of the groove tenon flange and the inner cylinder cannot be influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flange seal configuration using the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a butt flange after a high temperature heat flow test using a prior art sealing method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a docking flange after a high temperature heat flow test using the sealing method of the present invention;
the reference numbers are as follows:
1-a groove flange; 2-tenon flange; 3-a sealing gasket; 4-a first inner barrel; 5-a second inner cylinder; 6-inorganic high-temperature glue.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1, a flange sealing structure suitable for a high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment comprises a first inner cylinder 4, a second inner cylinder 5, a groove flange 1 and a tenon flange 2 which are matched with each other;
the butt joint end faces of the groove flange 1 and the tenon flange 2 are respectively divided into an inner butt joint end face and an outer butt joint end face by the groove of the groove flange 1 and the tenon of the tenon flange 2;
the first inner cylinder 4 and the second inner cylinder 5 are respectively welded on the inner sides of the groove flange 1 and the tenon flange 2, and gaps for filling cooling water are respectively reserved between the two inner cylinders and the two flanges to form an interlayer structure; the butt joint end faces of the two inner cylinders are respectively flush with the inner butt joint end faces of the two flanges, and the wall faces of the two inner cylinders are flush or form steps along the airflow direction. A graphite winding pad is arranged in a groove of the groove flange 1, and an integrated inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 is arranged between the inner butt joint end faces of the two flanges and between the butt joint end faces of the two inner cylinders and is used for filling a butt joint gap; the thickness of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 is 2/3-4/5 of the tenon height in the tenon flange 2, the surface of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 is flush with the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at two sides of the butt joint gap, or the thickness of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 is not more than 0.5mm lower than the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at two sides of the butt joint gap, the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 is ensured not to protrude out of the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at two sides of the butt joint gap, and the high-temperature large heat flow; an anti-sticking glue layer which is easy to vaporize at high temperature is arranged between the butt joint end surfaces of the two inner cylinders and the inorganic high-temperature glue 6 and is used for preventing the inorganic high-temperature glue 6 from being directly adhered to the two inner cylinders; in order to avoid that the gap between the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 and the two inner cylinders is too large and is not beneficial to thermal protection, the thickness of the anti-sticking adhesive layer is not more than 0.1 mm; the groove flange 1 and the outer side of the tongue flange 2 are fastened by a plurality of fasteners.
The mounting method of the flange sealing structure suitable for the high-temperature large-heat-flow environment comprises the following steps:
s1 installation
S1.1, coating anti-adhesion layers on the butt joint end faces of the first inner cylinder 4 and the second inner cylinder 5, and curing for more than 24 hours in an environment with the temperature of not lower than 15 ℃;
the anti-sticking glue layer is coated by the anti-sticking glue which is easy to vaporize at high temperature (the temperature is more than 1000K), the coating thickness is not more than 0.1mm, and the anti-sticking glue layer can be coated by the existing high-precision coating machine or manually coated; when manual coating is adopted, in order to ensure that the coating thickness is not more than 0.1mm, the manual coating can be firstly subjected to engineering test, the thickness of a sample plate is firstly measured before coating, the thickness measurement is carried out after one layer of coating is cured, the thickness is continuously measured after two layers of coating are cured, and the like, and the test verifies that the maximum coating layer number is not more than 0.1 mm; and coating operation is carried out according to the test result, so that the coating thickness can be ensured to be in a required range.
S1.2 quickly smearing pasty inorganic high-temperature glue 6 on the inner butt joint end face of the tenon flange 2 and the butt joint end face of the second inner cylinder 5 welded on the inner side of the tenon flange 2; the paste-like inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 is used, and although the fluidity is weak, the paste-like inorganic high-temperature adhesive is partially fluidized under the action of gravity, so that the action is fast when the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 is coated, and the subsequent unnecessary processes are avoided;
the inorganic high-temperature glue 6 can adopt ZS-1071 and other inorganic high-temperature glues 6 meeting the national standard, and can reliably work at 1600 ℃, the coating thickness of the inorganic high-temperature glue 6 is smaller than the height of the tenon in the tenon flange 2, and the filling thickness of the inorganic high-temperature glue is preferably 2/3-4/5 of the height of the tenon in the tenon flange 2;
filling a graphite winding pad in a groove of a detachable structure groove flange 1 of high-temperature large heat flow equipment, wherein the filling of the graphite winding pad can be completed only before assembly, and can also be completed before an anti-sticking glue layer is coated;
s1.3, assembling the groove flange 1 and the tenon flange 2 and fastening the groove flange and the tenon flange at the outer sides, measuring the width of the gap at the outer side of the butting flange by uniformly selecting 5-12 positions (preferably 8 positions with moderate quantity) in the circumferential direction to judge whether the groove flange 1 and the tenon flange 2 are fastened uniformly, wherein the width of the gap at the outer side is smaller than a theoretical design value, and the relative deviation of the width of each position is smaller than 10%, so that the groove flange 1 and the tenon flange 2 are ensured to be perfectly butted, the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 is in full contact with a butted end face, no gap exists, and meanwhile, reverse airflow direction steps are prevented from occurring on inner cylinders at two sides of the butted gap during assembling, so that the high-temperature airflow (with large flow, about 30Kg/S) is prevented from washing the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 from the front face, and more.
S1.4, scraping redundant inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 on the side of the butted air flow channel, enabling the surface of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 to be flush with the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders on the two sides of the butted seam, or enabling the surface of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 to be not more than 0.5mm lower than the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders on the two sides of the butted seam, curing for more than 24 hours in an environment with the temperature not lower than 15 ℃, and enabling the inorganic high-temperature adhesive to be used.
For the high-temperature and high-heat-flow device used for the ground test, the reliable performance of the device must be ensured, so that the method also comprises the step S0 before S1:
s0. the solvent such as gasoline which is volatile and can dissolve carbon deposit is used to clean the butt end faces of the groove flange 1 and the tenon flange 2 and the butt end faces of the first inner cylinder 4 and the second inner cylinder 5, and the carbon deposit on the butt end faces is removed. After the high-temperature large-heat-flow equipment is used, some carbon deposition can be remained on the butt joint end face by the fuel gas flow, the carbon deposition has certain thermal resistance and influences heat conduction, so that cooling water cannot take away heat, the heat protection capability is reduced, certain influence is generated on a test result, and meanwhile, the carbon deposition can influence the adhesion of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive 6 and a base body.
After being used, when the equipment is normally maintained or repaired, the equipment is disassembled according to the following method,
s2 disassembly
S2.1, symmetrically and one by one detaching a plurality of fasteners on the outer sides of the groove flange and the tenon flange, ensuring that the circumferential stress of the flange sealing structure is still uniform, and preventing the body from being damaged in the detaching process;
s2.2, uniformly selecting a plurality of points in the outer side butt joint gap of the flange sealing structure along the circumferential direction, and separating the groove flange from the tenon flange by means of force application of a tool, wherein the purpose is also to fully consider in the dismounting process;
s2.3, the residual inorganic high-temperature glue is removed by polishing with fine sand paper, and the flange body can be prevented from being damaged during polishing.
In order to verify the reliability of the flange sealing structure, the invention also carries out a comparison test:
firstly, the butt joint gap of the groove tenon flange 2 is sealed by adopting the existing general sealing method, and the flange structure is locally overheated and ablated after being flushed for 20s under the fuel gas flow of more than 3600K, and even the cooling water leaks from the end face, so that the whole equipment is scrapped, referring to fig. 2; therefore, for high-temperature high-heat-flow equipment which operates in a high-temperature environment, the conventional sealing structure cannot meet the requirement on product reliability.
Secondly, the flange sealing structure is used for assembling high-temperature large-heat-flow equipment, a single 1000s hot test is carried out, after 2396s hot test is accumulated, the flange structure is checked to be still intact as before, and as shown in fig. 3, the reliability of the sealing method is further verified.
The sealing structure can also be applied to the sealing of butt joint gaps of the same type of equipment with detachable structures.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a flange seal structure suitable for big thermal current environment of high temperature which characterized in that: comprises a first inner cylinder (4), a second inner cylinder (5), and a groove flange (1) and a tenon flange (2) which are matched with each other;
the butt joint end faces of the groove flange (1) and the tenon flange (2) are respectively divided into an inner butt joint end face and an outer butt joint end face by the groove of the groove flange (1) and the tenon of the tenon flange (2);
the first inner cylinder (4) and the second inner cylinder (5) are respectively welded on the inner sides of the groove flange (1) and the tenon flange (2), gaps for filling cooling water are respectively reserved between the two inner cylinders and the two flanges, the butt joint end faces of the two inner cylinders are respectively flush with the inner butt joint end faces of the two flanges, and the wall faces of the two inner cylinders are flush or form steps along the airflow direction;
a sealing gasket (3) is arranged in a groove of the groove flange (1), and inorganic high-temperature glue (6) is arranged between the butt joint end surfaces of the inner sides of the two flanges and between the butt joint end surfaces of the two inner cylinders and is used for filling the butt joint gap; wherein, an anti-sticking glue layer which is easy to vaporize at high temperature is arranged between the butt joint end surfaces of the two inner cylinders and the inorganic high-temperature glue (6), and the thickness of the anti-sticking glue layer is not more than 0.1 mm;
the outer sides of the groove flange (1) and the tenon flange (2) are connected through fasteners in a fastening mode.
2. The flange sealing structure suitable for the high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the inorganic high-temperature glue (6) is 2/3-4/5 of the tenon height in the tenon flange (2); the surface of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive (6) is flush with the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at the two sides of the butt joint gap, or is not more than 0.5mm lower than the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at the two sides of the butt joint gap; the sealing gasket (3) is a graphite winding gasket.
3. A method for installing a flange sealing structure suitable for a high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
s1 installation
S1.1, coating anti-adhesion layers on the butt joint end faces of the first inner cylinder (4) and the second inner cylinder (5) and solidifying the anti-adhesion layers;
the anti-sticking glue layer is coated by adopting anti-sticking glue which is easy to vaporize at high temperature, and the coating thickness is not more than 0.1 mm;
s1.2 quickly smearing pasty inorganic high-temperature glue (6) on the butt joint end face of the inner side of the tenon flange (2) and the butt joint end face of the second inner cylinder (5) welded on the inner side of the tenon flange (2);
the inorganic high-temperature glue (6) can work reliably at 1600 ℃, and the coating thickness of the inorganic high-temperature glue (6) is smaller than the height of the tenon in the tenon flange (2);
a sealing gasket (3) is filled in a groove of a groove flange (1) with a detachable structure of high-temperature large heat flow equipment;
s1.3, assembling the groove flange (1) and the tenon flange (2) and fastening the groove flange and the tenon flange on the outer sides uniformly, wherein during assembly, the wall surfaces of the first inner cylinder (4) and the second inner cylinder (5) on two sides of the butt joint gap are prevented from forming steps in the reverse airflow direction;
s1.4, scraping redundant inorganic high-temperature glue (6) after butt joint, and curing the inorganic high-temperature glue (6) in the butt joint gap.
4. The method for installing a flange sealing structure suitable for a high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment according to claim 3, wherein: in S1.2, the filling thickness of the inorganic high-temperature glue (6) in the butt joint gap is 2/3-4/5 of the tenon height in the tenon flange (2).
5. The method for installing the flange sealing structure suitable for the high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment according to claim 4, wherein the specific steps of S1.3 are as follows:
assembling and fastening the groove flange (1) and the tenon flange (2), and measuring the width of a gap between the outer butt joint end faces of the two flanges by uniformly selecting 5-12 positions in the circumferential direction to judge whether the groove flange (1) and the tenon flange (2) are fastened uniformly, wherein the width of the gap at the outer side is smaller than a theoretical design value, and the relative deviation of the width at each position is smaller than 10%; meanwhile, the wall surfaces of the first inner cylinder (4) and the second inner cylinder (5) at two sides of the butt joint gap are prevented from forming steps against the airflow direction during assembly.
6. The method for installing the flange sealing structure suitable for the high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S1.4, scraping the excessive inorganic high-temperature adhesive (6) after butt joint means that the surface of the inorganic high-temperature adhesive (6) is flush with the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at two sides of the butt joint gap, or is not more than 0.5mm lower than the wall surfaces of the inner cylinders at two sides of the butt joint gap.
7. The method for installing the flange sealing structure suitable for the high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the step S1 is preceded by the step S0:
s0. cleaning the butt end face of the groove flange (1) and the tenon flange (2) and the butt end face of the first inner cylinder (4) and the second inner cylinder (5) to remove carbon deposition on the butt end faces.
8. The method for installing the flange sealing structure suitable for the high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the step S1 is followed by the step S2:
s2 disassembly
S2.1, removing the fasteners on the outer sides of the groove flange (1) and the tenon flange (2);
s2.2, uniformly selecting a plurality of points in the outer side butt joint gap of the flange sealing structure along the circumferential direction, and separating the groove flange (1) from the tenon flange (2) by means of tool force application;
s2.3, removing the residual inorganic high-temperature glue (6).
9. The method for installing the flange sealing structure suitable for the high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s2.1, if a plurality of fastening pieces are arranged, the fastening pieces need to be symmetrically removed one by one;
and S2.3, polishing by using fine sand paper to remove the residual inorganic high-temperature adhesive.
10. The method for installing the flange sealing structure suitable for the high-temperature and high-heat-flow environment according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in S1.1 and S1.2, curing refers to curing for more than 24 hours in an environment with the temperature of not less than 15 ℃;
in S1.2, a sealing gasket (3) filled in a groove of a groove flange (1) is a graphite winding gasket, and an inorganic high-temperature adhesive (6) is a ZS-1071 inorganic high-temperature adhesive (6);
and S1.3, uniformly selecting 8 positions to measure the width of the gap outside the butting flange.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910734345.2A CN110469733B (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2019-08-09 | Flange sealing structure suitable for high-temperature large-heat-flow environment and mounting method thereof |
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| CN201910734345.2A CN110469733B (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2019-08-09 | Flange sealing structure suitable for high-temperature large-heat-flow environment and mounting method thereof |
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| CN117329361B (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-01-30 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | High-temperature high-pressure section sealing structure for wind tunnel, and mounting method and test method thereof |
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| US10731781B2 (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | The Schebler Co. | Joint seal system and method |
| DE102010002989A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-22 | Sgl Carbon Se | Material composition, its production and use |
| CN104089119B (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2017-05-31 | 茂名重力石化装备股份公司 | A kind of flange assembly for being applied to HTHP and its fluctuation operating mode |
| CN204127527U (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of flange sealing structure |
| CN205639960U (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-10-12 | 武汉工程大学 | High temperature flange joint structure |
| CN206816998U (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-12-29 | 开原化工机械制造有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature flange sealing structure |
| CN208687177U (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-04-02 | 上海卓然工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of heating furnace centrifugal cast cannulation connection structure |
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