EP2545210A1 - Verfahren zum elektrochemischen entschichten von gasturbinenbauteilen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum elektrochemischen entschichten von gasturbinenbauteilenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2545210A1 EP2545210A1 EP11709334A EP11709334A EP2545210A1 EP 2545210 A1 EP2545210 A1 EP 2545210A1 EP 11709334 A EP11709334 A EP 11709334A EP 11709334 A EP11709334 A EP 11709334A EP 2545210 A1 EP2545210 A1 EP 2545210A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas turbine
- electrolyte solution
- layer system
- layer
- cathode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F5/00—Electrolytic stripping of metallic layers or coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for the electrochemical stripping of gas turbine components having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- Components in gas turbines are subject to different requirements.
- the temperatures occurring in comparison to the remaining part of the turbine are relatively low and therefore is less used in the components used in this area, the temperature resistance, but rather the resistance of the components used, especially the guide and Blades, against oxidation, corrosion and erosion in the foreground.
- This wear is caused inter alia by solid particles, such as sand and dust, which are sucked by the gas turbine and moved with the gas flow through the turbine.
- the components can be damaged by the erosive effect of the particles, resulting in performance losses of the turbine and requires a regular replacement of expensive components.
- CONFIRMATION COPY not done without damaging the base material of the turbine blades.
- physical processes such as sandblasting
- chemical or electrochemical processes have become established. These methods are usually developed specifically for the particular combination of base material and layer material, since depending on the nature of the materials different " parameters, such as: Compositions of the liquid medium, temperatures, voltages, currents, pH or additives must be selected.
- DE 10 2004 009 757 A1 describes such a cathode adapted to the geometry of the component which is intended to improve the quality of the stripping of turbine blades.
- a pulsed current is also used here.
- US Pat. No. 6,454,870 B1 describes an electrochemical stripping process, also called “stripping", which is particularly gentle on components and removes the wear protection layer, in this case a chromium oxide layer, with the aid of a hydrochloric acid-based medium.
- Novel complex wear protection layers make it possible to realize ever higher wear protection for turbine components.
- An example of such an innovative wear protection layer variant is a so-called multilayer coating system, wherein the multilayer coating system comprises one or more layer systems arranged one above the other, wherein a single layer system always comprises a metal and a ceramic element-related ceramic (for example Cr and CrN).
- Such multilayer coating systems are preferably applied to gas turbine components in vacuum coating technology by EB-PVD (Electron Beam Physical Vacuum Deposition) processes.
- FIG. 2 shows a multi-layer system 13 which is formed from four individual layer systems 11 arranged one above the other, which are applied to a substrate 10, for example by EB -PVD were applied.
- a layer system 11 always comprises a metal 14 and a ceramic 15 which is element-related to the metal 14.
- the metallic binding partner of the ceramic 15 in the case of chromium nitride, this would be chromium
- the ceramic 15 is formed of a non-metallic binding partner and a metallic binding partner, wherein the metallic binding partner - at least in its predominant components - the same metallic element comprises as the metal 14.
- the same metal is thus on the one hand as a metal 14 in elemental form before and in addition it forms the ceramic 15 with at least one non-metallic element.
- chromium is therefore present on the one hand as metal 14 and additionally as bound form together with embroidery Fabric as ceramic 15 (chromium nitrite) before.
- the ceramic 15 is then elementally related to the metal 14.
- Cr and CrN, Cr and CrAlN, Ti and TiN, and Ti and TiAlN are further examples of such elementally related metals 14 and ceramics 15.
- the layer system 11 may also comprise further layers, this state being illustrated in FIG. Between the layer of metal 14 and the layer of ceramic 15 may be provided at play, for example, an intermediate layer of metal alloy material 17 and an intermediate layer of graded metal-ceramic material 16.
- the basic material structure is increasingly worn away by the stripping of the old wear protection layer necessary for the routinely performed repainting of the wear protection layer, which is in contradiction to the actual aim of the maintenance, specifically the avoidance of wear of the turbine parts. Since no gentle removal process is known for the new multi-layer system described, it is usually removed by abrasive blasting process, which, as described above, also brings a material removal of the base material and thus a component damage.
- abrasive blasting is the blasting with aluminum oxide (corundum), which in itself can cause a high erosion of material and, moreover, usually follows the Molten Salt Method.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, a gentle Process for the electrochemical stripping of gas turbine components and to provide a corresponding device for carrying out the method.
- the invention achieves the object by a method having the features of claim 1 and a device having the features of claim 10. Further preferred embodiments of the invention can be taken from the subclaims and the associated descriptions and the drawing.
- the material to be stripped gas turbine component made from stainless steel or a titanium alloy, which has a multilayer system "an", "the surface is polarized as an anode in” an electrolyte solution and comprises the electrolyte solution of sodium carbonate and a tartrate source ,
- the method described here offers important advantages compared to the already established methods used for stripping gas turbine components.
- the base material of the gas turbine component is not attacked by the method according to the invention, wherein in particular the observed in other chemical and physical processes material removal or the harmful change in the microstructure does not take place.
- the combination of sodium carbonate and tartrate creates a solution which very efficiently complexes the electrochemically detached metal ions (eg chromium ions) of the multilayer coating and thereby keeps them in solution in the galvanic bath and passivates the base material during stripping and thus additionally counteracts damage to the base material.
- the ceramic components of the multilayer system can be incurred as sludge during the stripping process.
- the electrolyte solution has a pH of 10 to 12, as it has been found in experiments that the best results can be achieved in the pH range 10-12.
- the tartrate source used is sodium potassium tartrate and / or sodium tartrate and / or tartaric acid (which is also present as tartrate in the pH range 10-12).
- sodium tartrate has very little or no environmental relevance and is approved as a food additive with the number E 335.
- sodium potassium tartrate " is approved as a food additive number ⁇ " 337, as well as tartaric acid as E 334.
- a food additive approval does not mean that the substances are completely harmless, but compared to many other galvanic baths, the industrial for stripping are used, the food approval of electrolytic components of the invention is a clear indication of its environmental impact.
- the temperature of the electrolyte solution is in the range of 50-80 ° C, preferably in the range of 60-70 ° C. It is known that temperature has a significant influence on the rate of chemical reactions. In the range of 40-80 ° C, preferably 60-70 ° C, the best results can be achieved, the galvanic process is controlled, and very short process times (up to two hours) can be achieved.
- the premold metal concentration in the solution is also monitored, and if the defined limit value is exceeded, the solution is disposed of in accordance with the usual regulations.
- the voltage applied to the gas turbine component is in the range of 3-8 V, preferably 4-6 V.
- the voltage to be applied depends on the component to be stripped, the stated range being ideal for the majority of gas turbine components made of titanium alloys or stainless steel , Too high voltages can lead to undesired material removal, so the applied voltage must be kept constant by a voltage supply.
- the voltage is slowly up-regulated to the desired level in order to ensure a gentle removal process.
- steel is used as Käthödenm 'aterial. Since the cathode material can have a significant influence on the quality of the peeling process, it is necessary to choose a cathode material which has the greatest possible positive effect on the quality of the peeling process. In the process according to the invention, steel as the cathode material gives the best results.
- the process described is very suitable for stripping multilayer systems containing the ceramic components CrN, CrAlN, TiN, or TiAlN.
- Fig. 1 Schematic representation of a device for electrochemical stripping a gas turbine component
- Fig. 2 Representation of a multilayer system
- Fig. 3 representation of a single layer system
- FIG. 1 shows a container 4 containing an electrolyte solution 2. Further, a lowering device 6 is provided, with which a gas turbine component 1 is lowered into the electrolyte solution 2.
- the gas turbine component 1 was previously cleaned of oil, grease, dirt or other contaminants. Such contaminants may adversely affect the stripping process and should therefore be carefully removed by known means.
- the gas turbine component 1 is in this embodiment of a titanium alloy or stainless steel and has on the surface "AUEF a MeKrlagen fürsystem. 13
- the Absenkvör- direction 6 at the same time forms the anode and is connected to a voltage supply 5, which in turn is connected to a cathode. 8
- the lowering device 6 is designed so that it can simultaneously receive and lower a plurality of gas turbine components 1.
- individual voltages for different gas turbine components 1 can also be set, if this is advantageous or necessary, for example, due to size and / or geometry differences
- the voltage supply 5 is generally used to apply a positive voltage to gas turbine components 1, to switch them as an anode, and to apply a negative voltage to the cathode 8.
- the cathode 8 may be designed such that it is designed as a separate component and the electrolyte solution Solution 2 is lowered or is permanently installed in the electrolyte solution 2 or, as in this embodiment, is realized by the container 4 itself and thus the electrolyte solution 2 surrounds a large area.
- the cathode 8 or the container 4 is preferably made of steel and insulated to the outside, for example by a plastic coating.
- Draw here Net one of the great advantages of the method of the invention, since the cathode geometry can be relatively simple. A special, precisely adapted to the geometry of the gas turbine component 1 cathode geometry is not required. As a result, the method can be carried out with significantly less process complexity than many comparable methods according to the prior art.
- cathode 8 may also preferably be designed so that it can be easily replaced. If the cathode 8 wear in any way, it can carry "this ⁇ üstäüschönkeit” simply "be” Replace and the procedure must therefore not be interrupted for long.
- the composition of the electrolyte solution 2 depends on the base material and includes sodium carbonate and a tartrate source for gas turbine components 1 made of a titanium alloy or stainless steel.
- the electrolyte solution comprises sodium carbonate (150-250 g / l) and either sodium tartrate (60-90 g / l), sodium potassium tartrate (60-90 g / l) or tartaric acid (25-40 g / l). 1) in a composition having a pH in the range 10 to 12.
- the chemical components used in the process described here offer important advantages compared to the already established processes. The base materials used are not attacked; the material removal or the change in the microstructure observed in other chemical and physical processes does not take place.
- the temperature of the electrolyte solution 2 is adjusted to 60-70 ° C via a temperature control 3.
- the voltage applied to the gas turbine component 1 via the power supply 5 becomes slow increased from 0 V to 4-6 V and held until the multi-layer system is deducted from the gas turbine component 1.
- the ideal hold time is different. It is determined based on empirical values and optical inspection, the exact time at which the multi-layer system 13 is completely detached from the gas turbine component 1, and the gas turbine component 1 is to be lifted out of the electrolyte solution 2 by the lowering device 6. Residues of the layering system 13 can be optionally removed with a soft brush, a bath monitoring 7, the composition of the electrolyte solution 2 can be controlled periodically.
- the concentration of metal impurities in the electrolyte solution 2 can be ". Apply any one" monitors to prepare fresh "electrolyte solution 2.
- the spent electrolyte solution 2 must then be disposed of according to applicable regulations. Since the composition of the electrolyte solution 2 compared to other galvanic Baths is relatively environmentally friendly, the disposal is not only correspondingly simple and therefore inexpensive, but also advantageous from an ecological point of view and thus completes the inventive gentle electrochemical process for stripping of multilayer coating systems 13 of gas turbine components.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary multilayer coating system 13 which can be gently removed from a substrate 10 using the stripping process according to the invention.
- the substrate 10 is a gas turbine component 1, for example.
- the multilayer system 13 was preferably applied to the substrate 10 or the gas turbine component 1 by means of a PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) method.
- the multi-layer system 13 in this example comprises four layer systems 11.
- the method according to the invention is preferably used. used for stripping of multi-layer systems 13 having three to six layer systems 11, more preferably for multilayer systems 13, which comprise four or five layer systems 11.
- the individual layer systems 11 comprise a layer of metal 14 and a layer of a ceramic 15 which is elementally related to this metal 14.
- a preferred layer system 11 consists of a layer of metal 14 of chromium and a layer of ceramic 15 of chromium nitrite or chromium aluminum nitrite.
- Another preferred layer system 11 comprises titanium and titanium nitrite or titanium aluminum nitrite.
- the "layer system ri also other layers can comprise.
- the layer system 11 comprises two additional layers on here.
- the layer system 11 still further comprises a layer of metal alloy material 17 and a Layer of graded metal-ceramic material 16.
- These intermediate layers can further increase the strength and adhesion of the multilayer system 13.
- the intermediate layers are also made of element-related materials and homogenize the transition from metal 14 to ceramic 15.
- Metal-ceramic material 6 Metal-ceramic material 7 Metal alloy material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE201010010770 DE102010010770A1 (de) | 2010-03-09 | 2010-03-09 | Verfahren zum elektrochemischen Entschichten von Gasturbinenbauteilen |
| PCT/EP2011/001123 WO2011110324A1 (de) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-03-08 | Verfahren zum elektrochemischen entschichten von gasturbinenbauteilen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2545210A1 true EP2545210A1 (de) | 2013-01-16 |
| EP2545210B1 EP2545210B1 (de) | 2018-10-10 |
Family
ID=44010162
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11709334.4A Not-in-force EP2545210B1 (de) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-03-08 | Verfahren zum elektrochemischen entschichten von gasturbinenbauteilen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2545210B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102010010770A1 (de) |
| SG (1) | SG183901A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011110324A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3151049A (en) * | 1958-09-29 | 1964-09-29 | Union Carbide Corp | Electrolytic method of and bath for stripping coatings from bases |
| US5062941A (en) * | 1990-10-22 | 1991-11-05 | Union Carbide Coatings Service Technology Corporation | Electrolytic process for stripping a metal coating from a titanium based metal substrate |
| TW591125B (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2004-06-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for removing Ti-derived film |
| US6454870B1 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2002-09-24 | General Electric Co. | Chemical removal of a chromium oxide coating from an article |
| DE102004009757B4 (de) | 2004-02-28 | 2015-12-31 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Verfahren zum elektrochemischen Entschichten von Bauteilen, Verwendung des Verfahrens und Elektrode zum elektrochemischen Entschichten von Bauteilen |
| DE102007022832A1 (de) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-11-20 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren zur Entschichtung eines Bauteils |
-
2010
- 2010-03-09 DE DE201010010770 patent/DE102010010770A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-03-08 WO PCT/EP2011/001123 patent/WO2011110324A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2011-03-08 SG SG2012065512A patent/SG183901A1/en unknown
- 2011-03-08 EP EP11709334.4A patent/EP2545210B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2011110324A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2545210B1 (de) | 2018-10-10 |
| DE102010010770A1 (de) | 2011-09-15 |
| WO2011110324A1 (de) | 2011-09-15 |
| SG183901A1 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
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