EP2536943A2 - Centrale hydroélectrique à faibles hauteurs d'eaux d'ondes de mer et dans des rivières - Google Patents

Centrale hydroélectrique à faibles hauteurs d'eaux d'ondes de mer et dans des rivières

Info

Publication number
EP2536943A2
EP2536943A2 EP09805897A EP09805897A EP2536943A2 EP 2536943 A2 EP2536943 A2 EP 2536943A2 EP 09805897 A EP09805897 A EP 09805897A EP 09805897 A EP09805897 A EP 09805897A EP 2536943 A2 EP2536943 A2 EP 2536943A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
siphons
siphon
vacuum
joint
membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09805897A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Georgi Genchev
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2536943A2 publication Critical patent/EP2536943A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/08—Machine or engine aggregates in dams or the like; Conduits therefor, e.g. diffusors
    • F03B13/086—Plants characterised by the use of siphons; their regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F10/00—Siphons
    • F04F10/02—Gravity-actuated siphons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention refers to hydroelectric power plant (HEPP) with low water heads at rivers and sea waves and it is going to be used for lifting with mechanical purification of the water, and for production of renewable electric power.
  • HEPP hydroelectric power plant
  • the water hammer for water lifting, and the complex siphon type hydraulic regulator, containing main siphons, connected with vacuum siphons, serving for hydraulic regulation, and as a version fitted with a water turbine, are well-known (BG62215).
  • the invention objective is to create a HEPP with low heads, which will be able to lift and to purify mechanically the water at the river water intakes and at the sea and ocean waves, in order to produce environment-friendly electric power with profitable efficiency.
  • the system consists of the first and second siphon connected hydraulically in groups, formed of front branches with straight incoming valves, and rear branches with external valves and rectangular grates.
  • the second siphons are made of front branches with large non-return valves with weight and outgoing branches, placed in a rear tank, equipped with a gate valve.
  • Vacuum siphons with flat rectangular section and gradually widening outgoing branches being placed between the branches of siphons, as follows: the first vacuum siphon with a front valve, over it a middle vacuum siphon with an input valve and upper vacuum siphons, and their tops are vertically connected by a thin hose, a middle hose, and over it short hoses, reaching the tops of the first siphons.
  • a lower vacuum siphon having a rectangular valve, a rear vacuum siphon having a front valve, and upper vacuum siphons are put under the second siphons, their tops being connected in the same way with a low hose, vertical hose and upper hoses.
  • each lifting press being divided into three sectors, in which a vertical rod moves centrically, to which rod are fixed by sectors: a lower membrane, a middle membrane, and a top membrane with a small flap. From the lift press lid, having an upper flap, raises a pressure pipe, reaching a top tank.
  • All the lift presses being linked by sectors with the single siphons in the group, as follows: the upper membrane, under the upper membrane there is a left coupling connected to the rear branch; a middle membrane, under the middle membrane there is a rear coupling connected to outgoing branches; there is a long coupling over the middle membrane, that is connected to the top of the second siphon; and lower membrane, under which there is a right coupling connected to the bottom part of the front branch, which is connected over the large non-return valve by a sloping coupling placed over the lower membrane.
  • the upper tank in which is dipped the top of the upper branch of the energy siphon, to which is fitted on a horizontal axis a water turbine with electric generator before of the top of a gradually widening lower branch, with a large vacuum siphon under it, the energy siphon and the large vacuum siphon flow out together into a rear tank, and their tops being connected with an arcuated hose and an upper curved hose.
  • a mechanical lifting installation is applied with the version for utilization of the sea waves, consisting of: a turning segment turned about a bottom joint, the turning segment is formed of a left radial plane with a lug and a top gate, and a middle radial plane, which are covered by chord-like iron sheet, having an upper curve.
  • the turning segment is clamped above with a three-joint cover, consisting of the following items connected among them: left hard sheet and right curved sheet, fixed to a left joint, middle joint and a right joint.
  • the right joint is fixed to a curved wall, under which there is a long float having a lever with hook.
  • the curved wall and the hardened bottom lie on a steel structure and form the immobile portion of a front tank, which has the width of the turning segment, and the front tank is surrounded by steel walls.
  • the water is around the front level and is fed through sloping pipes via a header to the front branches of the first siphons.
  • the HEPP with low heads at rivers and sea waves is inexpensive for production and operation. It is made of metal, reinforced concrete or plastic. It works hydroautomatically, almost without staff. Heads below four metres are used with rivers and the sea and ocean waves. Lifting is for account of the gravitation with the water and atmosphere, which give the potential energy and the positive and negative atmospheric pressure. The inertia forces, the potential energy, are summed and used at a moment jointly with the atmospheric pressure and vacuum. The water is lifted for domestic needs and for construction of HEPPs with profitable efficiency. Infinitely big renewable sources are virtually used, free of environmental pollution.
  • the siphon system can be used to regulate and lift the water in irrigation and energy canals. It can be built in the seas and oceans near the coasts also as a floating system.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the siphon system.
  • FIG. 2 top view of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 plan section A-A of Figure 1.
  • Fig. 6 detail A of a spherical valve.
  • Fig. 7 detail B longitudinal section of the lifting press.
  • Fig. 8 longitudinal vertical section through the lifting installation in the lower position.
  • a HEPP with low heads at rivers and sea waves consists of double siphons hydraulically connected in groups, as follows: First siphons 1 formed of front branches 3, with straight incoming valves 7 and rear branches 4 with external valves 8 and rectangular grates 9. Second siphons 2 are constructed of front branches 5, comprising large non-return valves 10 with a weight 11 , and of outgoing branches 6. Only one row of vacuum siphons having flat rectangular section and gradually widening outgoing branches, is located among these branches, as follows: In the first siphon 1 are placed one over the other the first vacuum siphon 13 with front valve 14, the middle vacuum siphon 15 with the incoming valve 16, and above it the upper vacuum siphon 17.
  • the outgoing branches 6 in the group are placed in a rear tank 34, equipped with a gate 35.
  • Each lifting press 36 is divided by height in three sectors, in which a vertical rod 37 moves centrically. The following items are clamped to it by sectors: a lower membrane 38, a middle membrane 39, and an upper membrane 40 with a small flap 41. From the lid 42 of the lifting press 36 with the upper small flap 43 rises a pressure pipe 44 reaching the front tank 45.
  • the lifting presses 36 are connected by height with every siphon as follows: a left coupling 46 under the upper membrane 40 is included in the rear branch 4; a rear coupling 47 under the middle membrane 39 joins the outgoing branch 6; over the middle membrane 39 through the long coupling 48 is included in the top of the second siphon 2 and a the right coupling 49 under the lower membrane 38 is connected in the lower portion of the front branch 5, which is connected over the large non-return valve by a sloping coupling 50 placed over the lower membrane 38.
  • a mechanical lifting installation made of: a turning segment 60 which turns around a bottom joint 61 , attached from above articulately with a three-joint cover 62.
  • the turning segment 60 is made of the left radial plane 63, passing into a lug 64 with a top gate 65 with joint and a middle radial plane 66. They are covered by chord-like iron sheet 67 having an upper curve 68, so they form a trapezoid float 69.
  • the three-joint cover 62 consists of the following items connected among themselves: the left joint 70, the left hard iron sheet 71 , the middle joint 72 with the right curved iron sheet 73, fixed to the right joint 74.
  • the last one is fixed to a curved wall 75, under which a long float 76 moves and it has a lever with a hook 77.
  • the curved wall 75 together with a hardened bottom 78, lying on a steel structure 79, forms the immovable part of the upper tank 80. It has the width of the group of siphons and the turning segment 60, and they are enclosed longitudinally by steel walls 81.
  • the upper tank 80 has a front level 12 and it feeds water through sloping pipes 82 and a header 83 to the front branches 3 of the first siphons 1.
  • a HEPP with low water heads at rivers and sea waves operates in the following manner:
  • the water passes through sloping pipes 82 and through a header 83 it fills up the front branches 3 to the front level elevation 12.
  • the first vacuum siphon 13 the water enters the lower part of the front branch 5 and the lower vacuum siphon 21.
  • the lower vacuum siphon 21 turns on and bleeds the first vacuum siphon 13 by means of the lower intermediate hose 29 with a spherical valve 32 as it turns the first vacuum siphon 13 and they operate together.
  • Low hose 26 is vacuumed by pressure and turns on the rear vacuum siphon 23.
  • the lower vacuum siphon 21 is turned off by the rectangular valve 22.
  • the middle intermediate hose 30 and the thin hose 18 By means of the middle intermediate hose 30 and the thin hose 18, is actuated the middle vacuum siphon 15 at the closing of the incoming valve 16 by the speed of water.
  • the incoming valve 16 and the front valve 24 are turned off the rear vacuum siphon 23 and the middle vacuum siphon 15.
  • the upper vacuum siphons 17 and the top vacuum siphons 25 remain working constantly. They by means of the short hoses 20 and the upper hoses 28 actuate one after another the second siphon 2 and the first siphon 1.
  • the group of siphons are further vacuumed between their tops by cross hoses 33, for the fast actuation of the group of siphons. With the turning on of the next siphons, the spherical valves 32 are shut.
  • a hydraulic shock occurs in every siphon, leading to an instantaneous change in the pressure: an increase in the pressure in the rear branches 4 with a rise for a moment of the external valves 8 and closing with a dropping of the incoming straight valves 7.
  • the pressure changes from negative to positive in the tops of the first siphons 1 because of the selected speeds following the shock and the closing of the incoming straight valves 7.
  • Such pressures are delivered through single couplings at the three sectors of the lifting presses 36.
  • the positive pressures are turned on to act from below, and the negative ones from above.
  • five pressures are summed, with a total force to act upwards and to lift the water with high efficiency.
  • the water under each upper membrane 40 with increased positive pressure is fed purified by the left coupling 46, which is included in the rectangular grate 9 of the rear branch 4.
  • the positive pressures under the middle membranes 39 come through the rear couplings 47 from the exit of the rear branches 6.
  • the negative pressures over them are supplied from the tops of the second siphons 2 of the long couplings 48.
  • Under the lower membranes 38 are placed the lower couplings 49 up to the front branches 5 beneath the large non-return valves 10, and over them are the sloping couplings 50 with negative pressure.
  • the total force after the shock generates a sharply increased pressure over the upper membrane 40.
  • the water lifts the small flaps 43 and through the pressure pipes 44 it is pushed to the front tank 45 at lifted vertical rod 37.
  • the lifting presses 36 come to the lower starting position independently of each other.
  • the first siphons 1 and the second siphons 2 do not stop simultaneously and they are turned on again by the cross hoses 33 and by the constantly acting upper vacuum siphons 17 and top vacuum siphons 25. They are situated under all the first siphons 1 and second siphons 2 and ensure their fast turning on, with very little interruption between two stoppages, which guarantees a higher efficiency of the system.
  • the outgoing branches 6 eject the water to the rear tank 34. With an increase of the water level in it above the external one, the gate 35 opens and the flow rate and the flow heads of the siphons is not reduced.
  • the water After filling the front tank 45 up to the water level elevation 51 , the water enters the upper branch 52 of the energy siphon 53, passes through the water turbine 54, and through the top of a gradually widening branch 56. It is turned on by a large vacuum siphon 57 under it through the arcuated hose 58 and the upper curved hose 59.
  • a water turbine 54 turns an electric generator 55 with increased power as a result of the increase of its speed by the vacuum after it and the gradually widening lower branch 56.
  • the turning segment 60 turned around the bottom joint 61 is in the bottom position defined by the sea level under elevation ⁇ 0, the force of rising to the surface 69, its weight and and the unfolded three-joint cover 62.
  • the left joint 70, the middle joint 72 and the right joint 74 lie on the same straight line.
  • the reaction from the effect of the three-joint cover unfolded in the bottom position is to a maximum extent because it causes the speed to accelerate.
  • the acceleration multiplied by the large mass of the wave produces a forward inertia force.
  • the wave creeping on the chord-like iron sheet 67 hits from below the left hard iron sheet 71 and the middle joint 72.
  • a small force is required to take it away from the straight line thus to transform the huge reaction in to a huge tensile force.
  • the water is lifted above the front level 12 to the common upper tank 80. It is enclosed by steel walls 81 , has a hardened bottom 78, lying on a steel structure 79.
  • the lifted long float 76 having a lever with a hook 77 holds the turning segment 60 to the upper curve 68 in the top position.
  • the volumes and flow rates are such that will provide synchronization between the operation of the lifting installation and the coming frequency of the waves.
  • the power rating of a siphon-type HEPP can approximately be determined at waves of 1 metre on average, the elevation at the front level 12 will be 2.5 m, and the tops of the first siphon 1 and the second siphon 2 are 6.5 m.
  • the upper tank 46 will have the elevation 51 , equal to a 15 mteres head.
  • the first siphon 1 and the second siphon 2 have a section of 80/240 centimeters.
  • the flow rate that will be raised at a water efficiency 0.3, will be for a width of 1 m.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une centrale hydroélectrique qui sera utilisée pour lever l'eau et pour la production d'énergie électrique. La centrale hydroélectrique comprend deux groupes de siphons (1, 2), raccordés de façon hydraulique à des siphons à dépression. Entre toutes les branches arrière (4) des premiers siphons (1) et des branches avant (5) des seconds siphons (2) se trouvent des presses de levage (36), dans lesquelles une tige verticale (37) se déplace au centre. Le tuyau de pression (44) lève l'eau jusqu'au réservoir supérieur (45), dans lequel est plongée la partie supérieure de la branche supérieure (52) du siphon d'énergie (53), auquel est fixée une turbine à eau (54) avec un générateur électrique (55). Le siphon d'énergie aspire l'eau à partir du réservoir supérieur pour produire de l'énergie. Dans une version pour l'utilisation de la mer, avant les groupes de siphons est prévue une installation de levage qui comprend un flotteur trapézoïde (69), un couvercle à trois joints (62) et un réservoir supérieur (80).
EP09805897A 2008-12-20 2009-12-16 Centrale hydroélectrique à faibles hauteurs d'eaux d'ondes de mer et dans des rivières Withdrawn EP2536943A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BG10110291A BG66244B1 (bg) 2008-12-20 2008-12-20 Вец на ниски падове при реки и морски вълни
PCT/BG2009/000019 WO2010069013A2 (fr) 2008-12-20 2009-12-16 Centrale hydroélectrique à faibles hauteurs d'eaux d'ondes de mer et dans des rivières

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2536943A2 true EP2536943A2 (fr) 2012-12-26

Family

ID=42269140

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09805897A Withdrawn EP2536943A2 (fr) 2008-12-20 2009-12-16 Centrale hydroélectrique à faibles hauteurs d'eaux d'ondes de mer et dans des rivières

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2536943A2 (fr)
BG (1) BG66244B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010069013A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR1010600B (el) * 2022-10-20 2024-01-09 Ιωαννης Κωνσταντινου Τουρναβιτης Διαταξη - μηχανισμος παραγωγης υδροηλεκτρικης ενεργειας και οξυγονωσης του νερου απο υδατα ποταμων χαμηλης ταχυτητας ροης

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BG62215B1 (bg) * 1996-11-11 1999-05-31 Genchev, Georgi G. Комплексен сифонен хидрорегулатор

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102419C (fr) *
GB2198484A (en) * 1986-11-13 1988-06-15 Univ Queensland Syphons and liquid metering devices
PT102227A (pt) * 1998-11-25 1999-07-30 Enerwave Producao De En Lda Unidade de aproveitamento da energia das ondas para reconversao em energia electrica
BG63897B1 (bg) * 2000-10-17 2003-05-30 Георги Генчев Комплексен сифонен хидрорегулатор

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BG62215B1 (bg) * 1996-11-11 1999-05-31 Genchev, Georgi G. Комплексен сифонен хидрорегулатор

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BG110291A (en) 2010-06-30
BG66244B1 (bg) 2012-08-31
WO2010069013A3 (fr) 2011-04-28
WO2010069013A2 (fr) 2010-06-24

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