Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
  • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
  • F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
  • F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/01—Shape
  • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
  • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/05—Size
  • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0604—Liners
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0636—Metals
  • F17C2203/0639—Steels
  • F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0636—Metals
  • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
  • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0305—Bosses, e.g. boss collars
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0323—Valves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0338—Pressure regulators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0341—Filters
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
  • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
  • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
  • F17C2221/017—Helium
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
  • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
  • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
  • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
  • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
  • F17C2260/037—Handling leaked fluid
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
  • Y10T137/598—With repair, tapping, assembly, or disassembly means

Definitions

• Composite tank and assembly comprising such a tank and a receiver member and / or gas distributor
• the present invention relates to a composite tank and an assembly comprising a receiver member and / or gas distributor and such a tank.
• the invention more particularly relates to a composite tank for pressurized gas comprising an internal sealed envelope having an opening at one of its ends, a base fixed at the opening of the inner casing, the base being provided for receiving or integrating a valve or a valve, the reservoir also comprising an outer mechanical reinforcing envelope disposed on at least a portion of the inner casing.
• tanks or gas cylinders made of "type IV" composite materials include:
• a sealed inner envelope also known as a "liner" consisting for example of plastic and generally of a polymeric material such as polyamide, the function of which is to ensure the tightness of the package with respect to the nature of the stored gas,
• an outer envelope of mechanical reinforcement generally carbon fibers embedded in epoxy resin.
• This envelope or outer layer does not have the function of being waterproof, however, the current manufacturing processes do not allow to properly control this factor. As a result, this outer casing generally obtained by winding can be sealed uniformly or locally.
• a base (usually metallic) whose function is to allow the connection of the bottle with a valve or a valve (with built-in expansion or not) providing the fluid connection with the user application of the gas tank.
• a certain amount of gas is likely to pass out through the inner casing.
• the gas contains small molecules such as helium or hydrogen and the storage pressure is high (for example from 450 bar to 800 bar), a certain amount of gas will flow. through the inner envelope. This gas is trapped in the gap between the inner envelope and the outer envelope of mechanical reinforcement.
• the pressure at which this gas will be trapped in the gap may in certain cases be equal to the storage pressure in the internal envelope (this pressure of the trapped gas is a function of various parameters, the difference of the permeation fluxes between the inner casing and outer casing mechanical reinforcement).
• the time required for the emptying of a reservoir is generally much shorter than the time required for the reverse permeation (return) of the quantity of gas trapped from the interstice towards the interior of the reservoir. Therefore, during the emptying of the tank, a pressure difference can be created between the gap and the inside of the tank. This pressure difference mechanically stresses the internal sealed envelope towards the inside of the tank. This sealed inner envelope is not designed to withstand these stresses and blisters can thus form inside the tank. The volume of these blisters allows the trapped gas pressure to relax until a mechanical equilibrium is found. The successive filling and emptying of the reservoir can lead to a phenomenon of fatigue and premature wear of the sealed inner envelope at the periphery of the blister (s) of the bottle (for example folds forming cracks). This shortens the life of the tank and may cause dangerous leaks.
• An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above.
• the tank according to the invention is essentially characterized in that at least a part of the gap between the inner casing and the outer mechanical reinforcing envelope is connected to at least one zone collector of the gas likely to accumulate in said gap, the at least one collector zone opening to a determined discharge area outside the interstice.
• the invention thus solves or mitigates this blistering problem by avoiding trapping gas between the fiber reinforcement and the sealed inner envelope.
• the invention can allow the drainage or even the controlled collection of the gas resulting from the permeation of the sealed inner envelope.
• embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features:
• the evacuation zone includes the atmosphere
• the evacuation zone comprises the internal volume of the inner casing, the at least one collecting zone opening into the internal volume of the inner casing via a pressure-sensitive valve allowing the passage of gas towards the internal volume of the internal casing; the inner casing only in the case of a pressure differential determined between the at least one collecting zone and the internal volume of the inner casing,
• the evacuation zone comprises at least one duct and / or a cavity delimited by the base
• the base comprises an upper part of generally tubular shape and a lower portion, a part of the surface of the inner casing being in sealing contact with at least part of a surface of the lower portion of the base,
• At least one collecting zone is formed at the level of the external surface of the portion of the inner envelope which is located at the base;
• At least one collecting zone is formed at an external surface of the base
• the at least one collecting zone comprises at least one groove forming at least one collection and circulation channel for the gas
• the collector zone communicates with at least one vol ume situated inside the body of the base and designed to receive a valve or a tap,
• the tank comprises a valve, with or without a pressure regulator, arranged in a sealed manner in the base, the evacuation zone comprises at least one volume located between the body of the base and the body of the valve disposed in the base, said volume communicating fluidly with the collecting zone,
• the evacuation zone comprises a volume or a channel internal to the body of the tap
• the evacuation zone comprises an evacuation circuit internal to the valve body, the internal evacuation circuit being in fluid communication with the collecting zone,
• the valve comprises an internal withdrawal circuit and / or an internal filling circuit in fluid communication with the internal volume of the inner casing, the internal discharge circuit of the tap being at least partially distinct from the withdrawal circuit and / or the filling circuit,
• the tank is a type IV tank
• the inner casing is made of a polymer such as polyamide,
• the base comprises or consists of at least one of: a metallic material, aluminum alloy (for example series 7000), steel for example of the type 35CD4, stainless steel for example of the type AISI 316L, ..)
• a metallic material for example series 7000
• steel for example of the type 35CD4
• stainless steel for example of the type AISI 316L, ..
• the mechanical reinforcing layer comprises a resin, for example of the epoxy type, and fibers such as carbon fibers,
• the groove or grooves are longitudinal, that is to say oriented in a direction parallel to or substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the reservoir,
• the volume located between the body of the base and the body of the valve and forming at least a part of the evacuation zone is delimited by at least one seal insulating said volume from the inside of the inner casing,
• the volume located between the body of the base and the body of the valve and forming at least part of the discharge zone is delimited by at least one seal insulating said volume of the ambient outside the valve
• a layer of draining material is disposed at least locally between the inner envelope and the reinforcing layer to delimit a gap of determined thickness
• the layer of draining material comprises at least one of: a polyurethane foam, non-impregnated mineral and / or synthetic fibers,
• one end of the inner casing is sandwiched in the thickness of the base
• the invention also relates to a gas delivery assembly comprising a tank according to any one of the above or below features and a receiving member and / or gas distributor comprising a selectively connecting end with the tap to ensure a transfer of gas to or from the tank via the valve, wherein the member comprises a gas recovery circuit which selectively communicates with the discharge area when the member is connected to the valve.
• the invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below features.
• FIG. 1 represents a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of a tank according to the invention equipped with a tap
• FIG. 2 represents a sectional view of a detail of the upper part of the tank of FIG. 1 in which a gas receiver member connects to the tank valve
• FIGS. 3 to 5 schematically and schematically represent the structure and the operation of, respectively, three embodiments of the invention of the assembly comprising a reservoir, a tap, and a receiver member,
• FIG. 6 represents a sectional view of a detail of a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention of a tank equipped with a tap and connected to a recipient organ,
• FIG. 7 represents a sectional view of a detail of a third exemplary embodiment according to the invention of a tank provided with a tap which comes to connect to a recipient organ,
• Figure 8 shows a sectional view of a detail of a fourth embodiment of the invention of a tank with a valve to connect to a receiving member.
• Figure 1 illustrates a composite tank 1 of gas under pressure.
• the reservoir (which may also be referred to as "bottle") is a Type IV composite reservoir.
• the reservoir 1 comprises a sealed inner envelope 12 (also called “liner") having an opening 18 at one of its ends.
• the sealed inner envelope 12 has for example an oblong shape.
• the opening 18 is for example circular.
• the base 13 is conventionally provided to receive or integrate a valve or a valve.
• An outer casing 1 1 of mechanical reinforcement is also disposed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the inner casing 12, (and preferably over its entire surface).
• the outer casing 1 1 of mechanical reinforcement comprises fibers and a resin.
• the thickness of the outer casing 1 1 of mechanical reinforcement can be adapted as a function of the gas storage pressure.
• the outer envelope 11 may also be designated "outer layer" or "reinforcing layer".
• a "simple" valve 2 or an integrated expansion valve is removably mounted in the base (of course, it is possible to consider that the valve 2 is monobloc with the base 1 3). For simplicity of the figures, the valve 2 is shown partially and in a simplified manner.
• a sealed contact is made between the inner surface 121 of the inner casing 12 and the outer surface 131 of the base 13.
• This sealing contact can be made for example via a connecting element 17 such as glue, a seal, or any other appropriate means.
• the outer reinforcing layer 11 may extend and cover the lower portion 132 of the base 13 (which is preferably flared).
• the resin of the outer casing 1 1 is wetted and bonded to the metal base 13.
• the corresponding connection between the outer casing 1 1 mechanical reinforcement and the metal base 13 is thus sealed.
• the gap 14 located between the outer casing 1 1 of mechanical reinforcement and the inner casing 12 is capable of trapping the gas resulting from the permeation of the inner casing 12.
• at least a portion of the gap 14 communicates directly or indirectly with at least one collecting zone 15 of the gas that can accumulate in said gap 14.
• the at least one collecting zone 15 opens into the an evacuation zone 16, 26, 23 determined external to the gap 14 (a secure zone).
• the collecting zone 15 and the evacuation zone 16, 26, 23 can be dimensioned as a function of the maximum permeation flux expected for the internal tight envelope 12. This permeation flow is a function notably of:
• This collection and evacuation of gas makes it possible to avoid premature wear of the tank.
• the amount of gas collected can also be measured to evaluate the condition of the inner shell.
• the collecting zone comprises grooves 15.
• the gap 14 opens on grooves 15, for example longitudinal, formed on the outer surface of the inner envelope 12.
• Collector grooves may especially be located at the zone of the inner envelope 12 which is constrained (fixed) between the base 13 and the reinforcing layer 1 1.
• the evacuation zone may be, for example simply the outside (ambient atmosphere around the tank).
• the evacuation zone recovers the gas more safely.
• the collecting grooves may open into an annular cavity 19 located at the end of the circular opening 18 of the liner 12.
• the annular cavity 19 is for example connected to one or preferably orifices or ducts 16 formed in the base 13.
• the orifices 16 can open and communicate in the central zone of the base 13 where is fixed a valve 2.
• the valve 2 is fixed in the base by screwing by means of a threaded system 27 and tapping.
• the orifices 16 converge for example to a chamber 26 located between the metal base 13 and the valve 2.
• the chamber 26 has for example an annular shape.
• the chamber 26 may be sealed at the bottom by a first seal 25 which isolates it from the fluid stored inside the reservoir.
• the first seal 25 is for example interposed between the base 13 and the valve 2 (for example in a groove).
• the chamber 26 can be isolated from the outside environment by a second seal 24.
• the second seal 24 is for example interposed between the base 13 and the valve 2.
• the valve 2 preferably has at least one bore 23 in fluid communication with the chamber 26, to evacuate the gas from the gap 14.
• the hole or holes 23 form a circuit for the gas which is separate from the circuit 22 for drawing off the tap 2 through which the gas is withdrawn from the tank 1.
• the circuit formed by the piercing or holes 13 comprises an end designed to connect fluidly with a discharge circuit formed in the receiving member 3 and / or gas distributor which is connected to the tap 2.
• C ' that is to say that, by connecting to the valve 2, the user member 3 of the gas tank or the member 3 ensuring the filling of the reservoir is preferably recovered the gas from the gap 14.
• the base 13 can channel the gas from the gap 14 to the tank connection, the gas is then discharged through the valve 2, by a member 3 receiver.
• the structure is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3.
• the circuit 22 for withdrawing the valve 2 makes it possible to withdraw gas from the tank 1 towards the member 3.
• the withdrawal circuit 22 comprises, for example, a valve 222 and possibly a filter 221.
• the circuit 23 makes it possible to evacuate the gas from the gap in parallel manner to the withdrawal circuit 22.
• the circuit 22 may, if necessary, also be provided to fill the reservoir.
• valve 2 facilitates the recovery of the gas from the permeation of the inner casing 12 with a dedicated circuit 23.
• the member 3 preferably connects to the valve 2 via a quick-connect interface 29.
• the valve 2 allows to sealingly connect the drain 22 and discharge 23 to respective circuits of the receiving member 3 which is part, for example, of the application consuming gas tank.
• connection between the member 3 and the valve 2 comprises, for example, a system with elements locking 291 (for example pins) which are found mechanically hooked in housings 31 (for example bayonets), so as to prohibit the translation of the quick connection 29 of the valve 2 relative to the receiving member 3.
• elements locking 291 for example pins
• housings 31 for example bayonets
• the valve 2 has an end of determined shape intended to be housed in a conjugate housing of the member 3.
• a first cylindrical portion 292 of the valve 2 is centered in a conjugate bore 32 of the member 3.
• a seal 33 carried by the member 3 seals and isolates the evacuation circuit E from the gas from the gap 14 with respect to the external environment.
• a second cylindrical portion 293 of the end of the valve 2 is centered in a second bore 34 corresponding to the member 3.
• a second seal 35 ensures the isolation of the withdrawal circuit 22 and the evacuation circuit E.
• the annular volume located around the second cylindrical portion 293 makes it possible to connect the discharge circuit 23 of the valve 2 with an orifice E arranged in the recipient member 3.
• This orifice thus ensures the evacuation of the gas resulting from the permeation of the inner casing 12.
• This permeation gas can thus be managed at the level of application (organ 3). For example, this permeate gas is vented to the atmosphere in a secure area or recycled in the application. The flow rate of this exhaust gas can also be measured.
• the withdrawal channel 22 passes through the body 21 of the valve 2 and connects the inside of the tank with the end 294 of the coaxial fast connection interface 29 of the member 3.
• the withdrawal circuit opens into the circuit V of the receiving member 3 provided to receive it.
• a pressure reducing valve 223 lowering the pressure to a predetermined value can be integrated on the withdrawal circuit 22 upstream of the isolation valve 222 (that is to say on the reservoir side).
• the filling circuit 224 of the valve 2 can comprise a filling connector 225 dedicated to fill the tank 1.
• the filling circuit 224 may be distinct from the withdrawal circuit 22 or may comprise a common portion.
• the expander 223 may be placed downstream of the isolation member 222 (that is to say on the side of the organ). As previously, preferably, a filling circuit 224 with a dedicated connection 225 is provided to fill the tank.
• FIG. 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment which differs from that of FIG. 2 in that a draining material 151 is disposed between the inner envelope 12 and the outer envelope 1 1 of mechanical reinforcement, in particular so as to maintain a space minimum to ensure the evacuation flow.
• Said layer of draining material 151 comprises, for example, a polyurethane foam and / or non-impregnated mineral and / or synthetic fibers or the like.
• the draining material 151 is provided to promote the circulation of permeate gas trapped in the gap 14 to the collecting zone 15 and then to the evacuation zone (orifices 16 of the base 13 and circuits 23, E ).
• FIG. 7 illustrates another variant in which the base 13 comprises two parts: a first internal part 132 and a second external part 131.
• the inner casing 12 of the reservoir is sealed sandwiched between these two parts of the base 13 (this configuration has the advantage of allowing to get rid of glue).
• the inner portion 1 32 of the base 1 3 may for example comprise a thread 133 on which is screwed a tapping of the outer portion 131.
• the outer portion 131 of the base 13 may comprise one or more grooves 137 collecting the gas trapped in the gap 14. These grooves 137 direct the gas towards orifices or ducts 16 for evacuation.
• the evacuation ducts 16 can converge towards a chamber 26 (for example annular).
• This chamber 26 communicates with a groove 134 formed in the base 13.
• the groove 134 is formed in the thread 133 and conveys the gas to a second chamber 136 (for example annular) formed between the base 13 and the body 21 of the valve 2.
• This second chamber 136 is connected to the discharge circuit 23 formed in the valve 2.
• the variant of Figure 8 differs from that of Figure 7 in that a layer of draining material 151 is disposed between the inner casing 12 and the outer casing 1 1 mechanical reinforcement.
• the layer of draining material 151 (which comprises, for example, polyurethane foam, inorganic or synthetic non-impregnated fibers, etc.), is provided to maintain a minimum spacing at the gap 14 to ensure the flow rate. evacuation determined.
• the invention while being of simple and inexpensive structure, avoids the undesirable effects of the permeation of the composite gas tanks.
• the invention applies particularly advantageously to type IV composite tanks for storing a gas composed of or comprising hydrogen (at a pressure of between 450 and 800 bar in particular).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

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• 2010
  • 2010-02-11 FR FR1050984A patent/FR2956185B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2011
  • 2011-01-28 WO PCT/FR2011/050170 patent/WO2011098703A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2011-01-28 EP EP11706880A patent/EP2534406A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-01-28 CA CA2783304A patent/CA2783304A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-01-28 US US13/575,399 patent/US20120291878A1/en not_active Abandoned

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