EP2529245A1 - Système et procédé de suppression des interférences dans des systèmes radar à modulation de fréquence - Google Patents

Système et procédé de suppression des interférences dans des systèmes radar à modulation de fréquence

Info

Publication number
EP2529245A1
EP2529245A1 EP11704021A EP11704021A EP2529245A1 EP 2529245 A1 EP2529245 A1 EP 2529245A1 EP 11704021 A EP11704021 A EP 11704021A EP 11704021 A EP11704021 A EP 11704021A EP 2529245 A1 EP2529245 A1 EP 2529245A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microwave radiation
frequency
random
time
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11704021A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Helbig
Felix Aertz
Thomas Ostertag
Rüdiger HÜTTER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Pro Micron GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
Pro Micron GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH, Pro Micron GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Publication of EP2529245A1 publication Critical patent/EP2529245A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • G01S13/34—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
    • G01S13/346—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal using noise modulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/75—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors
    • G01S13/751—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal
    • G01S13/755—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal using delay lines, e.g. acoustic delay lines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system and a method for interference suppression in frequency-modulated radar systems.
  • Low power radar systems commonly employ a sampling technique in which individual discrete frequencies are successively sampled in a fixed time and frequency grid. Subsequently, the pulse response can be calculated via an inverse Fourier transform of the detected signal obtained.
  • the field of application of such radar systems is, for example, the reading out of reflective surface wave delay lines,
  • Level radar systems and radar rangefinders In these systems, which usually use low sampling or transmission powers, the evaluation of the detected measurement signal is often problematic due to a high number of artifacts.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY Fed Fourier transform and thus give no discrete line in the imaging area.
  • the noise is thus transformed into a noise signal.
  • the system according to the invention thus comprises a transmitter for emitting a first microwave radiation, in particular for scanning, a receiver for detecting a second derived from the first microwave radiation
  • this second microwave radiation may be a direct or indirect reflex or a second generated after receiving the first microwave radiation
  • Transmitters and receivers are connected to a controller. This may, for example, be a common control or a respective control for transmitter and receiver.
  • Control is designed to control the emission of the first microwave radiation and, inter alia, in the detection of the second microwave radiation to correlate this with the first microwave radiation and evaluate.
  • the first microwave radiation is emitted at a plurality of times.
  • the individual times are each assigned different frequencies. These may be individual discrete frequencies, for example, intended to cover a particular frequency range. However, it is also possible to scan several separate frequency ranges separately or to transmit only individual discrete frequencies in each case. Alternatively, a continuous modulation of the frequency of the first
  • Microwave radiation over a certain time and frequency range are performed.
  • the length of the period of time required for transmission or reception is random or pseudo-random.
  • the variation of the length of the emission period results in a direct
  • the period for receiving the derived second microwave radiation can be varied randomly or pseudo-randomly, for example by averaging the detected second microwave radiation for different lengths.
  • the system can be a radar system.
  • radar is understood to mean the emission of an electromagnetic wave whose wavelength is between one meter and one millimeter, which corresponds to a frequency range from approximately 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz, as first or primary microwave radiation and the reception of a derivative, for example reflected, second or secondary microwave radiation.
  • the field of application of such a radar system is not intended solely to locate an object but to cover all areas of use, such as the interrogation of information from remote sensors or the detection of fill levels, speed, etc. In this connection, to generate the second
  • Microwave radiation and used to evaluate the information carried in the radar with this standard radar principles such as pulse, chirp or FMCW.
  • a short electrical pulse or a short wave packet is transmitted as first microwave radiation.
  • This interrogation signal hits an object after a certain delay.
  • a corresponding response signal as a second microwave radiation
  • the first microwave radiation is transmitted continuously as a continuous wave and its frequency modulated, that is, the frequency increases linearly, for example, abruptly to the initial value at a certain frequency to be reset.
  • the frequency may also increase and decrease alternately continuously, or otherwise be modulated.
  • the frequency of the time-delayed received signal of the second microwave radiation is, since the frequency of the first microwave radiation changes during the signal propagation, by a certain difference to the frequency of the first
  • a distance can be determined.
  • frequency modulated pulses are the first
  • the transmitter emits the first microwave radiation with a variable frequency.
  • the transmitter has a frequency modulator for the first microwave radiation. This is particularly advantageous in connection with the aforementioned FMCW or chirp method.
  • the frequencies are arranged equidistantly. These can be arranged in particular in a list. Due to the random selection of the transmission frequencies from the list equidistant frequencies, ie by this random jumping (random hopping) of the transmission frequency of the first microwave radiation, a fixed phase relationship between a periodic power fluctuation of the second microwave radiation and the emission time of the first
  • the waiting time between the frequencies is random or pseudo-random. Due to the random distribution of waiting times is also an otherwise artifacts causing solid
  • the receiver has a
  • Averaging means for averaging measurements wherein the number of averagings is random or pseudo-random. This is advantageous in particular when the time between the emission of the first microwave radiation and the reception of the second microwave radiation is short and thus a multiplicity of measurements or queries are carried out within a period of time can be.
  • the use of an averaging device per se allows an improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • pseudorandom number of averagings in turn, achieves the already mentioned artifact avoiding effect.
  • the system comprises a sensor with an interdigital transducer, which is the first
  • Microwave radiation converts into a surface wave and the second
  • the senor comprises an antenna, a piezoelectric crystal and a reflector as well as a resonator or a delay line.
  • a sensor is also referred to as a surface acoustic wave radio sensor.
  • Interdigital converter can on a thin plate of a
  • piezoelectric crystal may be applied as a comb-like, microstructured metallization and connected to an antenna.
  • the reflector or reflectors can, for example, as microstructured metallizations on the
  • Substrate surface of the sensor be executed.
  • the first microwave radiation is received by the antenna of the sensor and converted by the interdigital transducer into a propagating mechanical surface wave by means of the inverse piezoelectric effect.
  • one or more reflectors are mounted in a characteristic order. These reflect the surface wave and send it back to the transducer. There, they are again converted into electromagnetic waves via the direct piezoelectric effect and radiated by the antenna as second microwave radiation.
  • structures may be provided on the sensor which permit a separation in the time domain and / or in the frequency domain.
  • the use of a delay line and / or a resonator makes it possible that the first microwave radiation is stored on the sensor until the ambient electromagnetic echoes have subsided. It benefits from the fact that the propagation velocity of a surface acoustic wave is typically only 3500 m / s.
  • interdigital transducers which excite surface waves by means of a so-called double shift keying at different frequencies. This additionally gives the sensor a frequency dependence of the acoustic
  • the second microwave radiation comprises information about the identity of the sensor and / or about a measured variable detected by the sensor.
  • a sensor identity for example, partially reflecting structures in a characteristic order in the
  • the first microwave radiation from a single interrogation pulse created by the structures mentioned a plurality of pulses, which are reflected back to the interdigital transducer and there again in
  • the sensor may alternatively or additionally, for example, be designed so that the propagation velocity of the surface wave in
  • the senor can detect one or more of the following measured variables: temperature, force, acceleration, mechanical stress, torque.
  • temperature for example lithium niobate can be provided as a suitable sensor material.
  • the system is designed to detect an operating state of a rotating, oscillating and / or vibrating device. Especially at periodic
  • the said decoupling by introducing a random or pseudo-random assignment of frequency and time or / and the length of the transmission or reception period random or pseudo-random design to advantage.
  • the device is a transmission and the sensor is disposed within the transmission.
  • the sensor may be mounted, for example, on the bearing shells of the housing. Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided on moving parts within the housing. In this context, it can be provided, in particular, that a transmitting and receiving antenna is placed within the transmission housing, which via a bushing and
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary radar system according to the invention.
  • the system 10 comprises an interrogator 11 and a sensor 18.
  • the interrogator 11 comprises a transmitter 12, a receiver 14 and a control and evaluation unit 16. Further, a switch 15 and a radiating and Receiving antenna 17 is provided.
  • the transmitter 12 generates an electromagnetic high frequency pulse in
  • Microwave range i. between about 300 MHz and about 300 GHz.
  • ISM bands In Europe, there are two frequency bands for this, in which the operation of a low-power transmitter for industrial, scientific and medical purposes is allowed (ISM bands). These are at 433 MHz and 2.4 GHz, an additional ISM band is at 868 MHz. Also conceivable is the use of the so-called ultra wide band (Ultra Wide Band, UWB).
  • the high frequency pulse is frequency modulated by a frequency modulator 13 included in the transmitter 12. This is after the switch 15 by the controller 16 in the
  • Antenna 17 sent out.
  • the receiver 14 receives at a corresponding position of the switch 15 via the antenna 17, a response signal 32. This is detected and evaluated by the control and evaluation unit 16.
  • the control unit 16 takes over, inter alia, the temporal and
  • the sensor 18 comprises an antenna 20, an interdigital transducer 22 and a reflector 24.
  • the emitted from the antenna 17 of the interrogator 11 electromagnetic high-frequency interrogation signal 30 is received by the antenna 20 of the sensor 18 and with the aid of the interdigital transducer 22 in a
  • the interdigital transducer 22 includes a comb-like microstructured metallization, which generates the surface wave by means of the inverse piezoelectric effect.
  • the reflector 24 is also a microstructured metallization on the substrate surface of the sensor 18 and reflects the surface wave, which in turn strikes the interdigital transducer 22, is converted by the direct piezoelectric effect into electrical signals and emitted via the antenna 20 as a response signal 32.
  • the response signal contains information about the number and location of the
  • the response signal 32 is received by the interrogator 11 and evaluated.
  • the propagation velocity of a surface acoustic wave is typically only 3500 m / s.
  • surface acoustic wave devices provide the ability to store a high frequency pulse on a small chip until the electromagnetic
  • the working range of the surface acoustic wave sensors 18 extends at low temperatures up to -196 ° C. If the surface acoustic wave chip 18 is welded in a vacuum, the sensor can also be used for cryogenic applications. Above 400 ° C, the aluminum structure of the
  • Interdigital transducer 18 damaged.
  • the usual surface wave crystals such as lithium niobate, lithium tantalate and quartz are limited
  • the interrogator 11 and the sensor 18 is incorporated within a schematically indicated gear housing 40.
  • the interrogator 11 is by means of a control and / or
  • Signal line 42 connected to the external environment of the transmission via a suitable passage 44 in the transmission housing 40.
  • the sensor 18 itself can be placed freely within the gear housing due to the existing radio connection with the interrogator 11 and make there, for example, temperature measurements at particularly relevant points.
  • temperature measurements In addition to the measured variable temperature are other physical variables such as pressure, mechanical stress and torque as well as chemical
  • the great advantage of the described surface acoustic wave radio sensor 18 lies in the substitutability under difficult industrial conditions, such as strong mechanical vibrations, high temperatures, electrically disturbed environments and also explosive gases and hazardous substances.
  • the maximum range of such a surface acoustic wave radio sensor 18 depends inter alia on the frequency band used, the maximum permissible power and the sensor principle (delay line, resonator) and is for example between one meter and 10 meters.
  • time-periodic events for example, in the transmission 40 are no longer possible Frequency-periodic and cause no artifacts in the evaluation, but smear to a noise.
  • Possible evaluation methods include fast Fourier transformation (FFT), chirp or wavelet transformation, as well as correlation and filter-based methods.
  • FFT fast Fourier transformation
  • chirp chirp
  • wavelet transformation as well as correlation and filter-based methods.
  • model-based methods such as
  • Polynomfit or a Least Square optimization can be used.
  • the mentioned disturbances can arise, for example, by a periodic, a rotating or an oscillating movement as well as by vibrations of the part at which the measurement is to be carried out.
  • gas discharge lamps, periodically modulated reflections or reflections on periodically changing impedances such as a rectifier can also cause the artifacts mentioned.
  • Surface wave sensors but also in related processes are used. This would include, for example, the surface wave identification, level radar, radar rangefinder, radar distance radar, distance-to-fault measurements and network analyzers.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système comportant un émetteur pour émettre un premier rayonnement de micro-ondes, un récepteur pour détecter un deuxième rayonnement de micro-ondes dérivé du premier rayonnement de micro-ondes, et une commande connectée à l'émetteur et au récepteur. Le premier rayonnement de micro-ondes est émis à une pluralité d'instants avec des fréquences différentes affectées aux instants. L'affectation entre instant et fréquence est aléatoire ou pseudo-aléatoire. De façon alternative ou supplémentaire, la durée de l'intervalle pour une émission ou une réception est aléatoire ou pseudo-aléatoire à un instant donné. L'invention concerne également un procédé de suppression des interférences dans des systèmes radar à modulation de fréquence.
EP11704021A 2010-01-29 2011-01-21 Système et procédé de suppression des interférences dans des systèmes radar à modulation de fréquence Withdrawn EP2529245A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010006334A DE102010006334A1 (de) 2010-01-29 2010-01-29 System und Verfahren zur Störunterdrückung bei frequenzmodulierten Radarsystemen
PCT/EP2011/000233 WO2011091965A1 (fr) 2010-01-29 2011-01-21 Système et procédé de suppression des interférences dans des systèmes radar à modulation de fréquence

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2529245A1 true EP2529245A1 (fr) 2012-12-05

Family

ID=43836987

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11704021A Withdrawn EP2529245A1 (fr) 2010-01-29 2011-01-21 Système et procédé de suppression des interférences dans des systèmes radar à modulation de fréquence

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20130033393A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2529245A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013518262A (fr)
CN (1) CN102884442A (fr)
DE (1) DE102010006334A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011091965A1 (fr)

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DE102014200639A1 (de) 2014-01-16 2015-07-16 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Funktionsüberwachung eines Planetengetriebes
US9807475B2 (en) * 2014-08-14 2017-10-31 Yribus Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for sensing ambient conditions using passive radio frequency (RF) devices
ES2658171T3 (es) 2015-04-17 2018-03-08 Flender Gmbh Transmisión planetaria
CN113325374A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2021-08-31 加特兰微电子科技(上海)有限公司 抗干扰方法、装置、雷达系统及存储介质
CN113835088B (zh) * 2021-09-24 2023-04-18 电子科技大学 一种自适应步进频积累的随机辐射雷达伪影抑制方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2013518262A (ja) 2013-05-20
CN102884442A (zh) 2013-01-16
US20130033393A1 (en) 2013-02-07
DE102010006334A1 (de) 2011-08-04
WO2011091965A1 (fr) 2011-08-04

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