EP2520534A1 - Load detection device for lifting devices and electric chain hoists - Google Patents

Load detection device for lifting devices and electric chain hoists Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2520534A1
EP2520534A1 EP11003556A EP11003556A EP2520534A1 EP 2520534 A1 EP2520534 A1 EP 2520534A1 EP 11003556 A EP11003556 A EP 11003556A EP 11003556 A EP11003556 A EP 11003556A EP 2520534 A1 EP2520534 A1 EP 2520534A1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
sensor
housing
output shaft
controller
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EP11003556A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2520534B1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Gündel
Matthias Müller
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Hoffmann Foerdertechnik GmbH
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Hoffmann Foerdertechnik GmbH
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Priority to EP20110003556 priority Critical patent/EP2520534B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54—Safety gear
    • B66D1/58—Safety gear responsive to excess of load

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for load detection on hoists and electric chain hoists according to the preamble of claim 1, which comprises at least one in operative connection with a drive motor and engaged with a support means output shaft which is rotatably mounted within a housing using at least one housing bearing.
  • An electronic load detection is according to the definition of EN 14492-2 an indirectly acting lifting force limiter. It represents a possible solution for detecting overload and underload conditions of a hoist.
  • the electronic load detection can be used as a stand-alone solution or as a supplement to direct Hubkraftbegrenzern, such as slipping clutches.
  • Hubkraftbegrenzer are already known in the form of slip clutches according to the EN14492, which lie in power flow with driven device and allow occurring overloads by overcoming the static friction between the coupling halves relative movement of the coupling halves and thus overloading the drive train prevent.
  • the slip clutches When the device is braked, the slip clutches may be in the force flow, but in the case of hoists, preferably outside the force flow.
  • the friction clutch protects the gear parts and the drive motor of the hoist from overload due to shock and overload.
  • the slip clutch is also suitable for use as a lifting and lowering limiter.
  • the above-mentioned indirectly acting Hubkraftbegrenzer have in common that the overload is not detected directly in the load line, but detected by mechanical, electrical or electronic auxiliary structures and evaluated appropriately. Examples of this are Seilkraftbegrenzer, spring-loaded compensating pulleys, sprung torque arms, sprung load sensing frame or load sensing pin, load cells or Buchkraftaufêt to name with evaluation.
  • a disadvantage of the previously known indirectly acting Hubkraftbegrenzern that the required for detecting an overload mechanical parameters outside the housing of the hoist or electric chain hoist are detected. This is always a mechanical connection, z. As a lever or a roller, or to provide an electrical connection in the form of a cable between detection location and evaluation on the hoist. By damaging the signal connection, the load detection can be ineffective.
  • the object of the invention is now to propose a device for load detection on hoists and electric chain hoists, which detects both external and internal overloads that almost is maintenance-free and by means of which a better utilization of the lifting height can be achieved.
  • the device for load detection on hoists and electric chain hoists comprises at least one output shaft which is in operative connection with a drive motor and in engagement with a suspension element, which is rotatably mounted within a housing using at least one housing bearing.
  • the output shaft is additionally assigned a bearing carrier with bearings and at least one sensor operatively connected to a control, wherein the sensor is designed to detect either the forces acting on the bearing carrier or the deformation of the bearing carrier, and the signal detected by the sensor in the controller is evaluated.
  • suspension means are wire ropes, chains or steel bands, the output shaft being designed as a chain shaft when chains are used.
  • the housing of the device has an engagement point at which the selected suspension element engages positively or non-positively on or into the output shaft.
  • the output signal of the controller is used either for controlling the drive motor which is in operative connection with the output shaft and / or for the optical, acoustic or tactile perceptible display.
  • a monitor, a lamp, a horn, a vibration device or any other display can be used as the display, which signals the user to the corresponding state.
  • the control of the drive motor for example, in the event of overload or jamming of the suspension element, the lifting or underload the lowering can be switched off or precisely this critical state can be displayed to the user for individual decision-making.
  • control is to be understood in the context of the invention as such a device, which signals of any kind can be supplied and which generates output signals.
  • this device can also have at least one controller for forming a control for forming a control difference between the input signal and defined parameters, for example adjustable load limit values.
  • the sensor may preferably be placed on the bearing carrier or in the bearing carrier or the bearing carrier as such is designed as a sensor.
  • the locked using fasteners in the housing bearing carrier may preferably be formed as a support or as a cantilever.
  • the senor is placed on the bearing or in the bearing of the bearing carrier or the bearing of the bearing carrier is designed as such as a sensor.
  • an amplifier downstream of the sensor and upstream of the controller is provided in the signal flow direction, the digital or analog output signal of which can be fed to the controller.
  • the housing bearing designed completely with a seal has a bearing fit, which, on the one hand, forms the defined force introduction into the bearing carrier and, on the other hand, is formed when the bearing carrier breaks to receive the bearing forces and initiate into the housing.
  • the senor is so in operative connection with the drive motor of the device that when starting a lifting and / or Senkbegrenzers supplied to the housing, the signal detected by the sensor of the controller and the drive motor is switched off and / or a visual, audible or tactile perceptible display takes place.
  • the signal detected by the sensor of the controller and the drive motor is switched off and / or a visual, audible or tactile perceptible display takes place.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a cross section of the device for load detection of hoists and electric chain hoists in the form of an electric chain hoist.
  • hoists are used, for example, in industry and in stage technology.
  • the device shown comprises an output shaft 3, which is in operative connection with a drive motor, not shown, and in engagement with a support means, not shown, which is rotatably mounted within a housing 1 using two housing bearings.
  • a housing bearing is denoted by the reference numeral 7, which is arranged in the housing 1 in the region of the almost centrally arranged engagement point of the output shaft 3.
  • a gear is usually placed, which for reasons of clarity not shown.
  • the output shaft 3 is additionally assigned a bearing carrier 4 with a bearing 8 designed as a roller bearing, on which the output shaft 3 is supported.
  • a sensor 5, which is in operative connection with a control, not shown, is provided which is arranged directly on the bearing carrier 4. This thus arranged within the housing 1 sensor is acting on the bearing support 4 forces or the deformation of the bearing support 4 is detected detected.
  • the signal, which is preferably permanently detected by the sensor 5, is fed to the controller via signal lines, not shown, where it is correspondingly evaluated and optionally further processed.
  • the output signal of the controller is used either to control the drive shaft 3 in operative connection with the drive shaft 3 and / or for the optical, acoustic or tactile perceptible display.
  • the completely formed with a seal 6 housing bearing 7 has a bearing fit, which is formed on the one hand for defined introduction of force in the bearing carrier 4 and on the other hand formed at breakage of the bearing support 4 for receiving the bearing forces and introduction into the housing 1.
  • the Fig. 2 illustrates a side view of the device according to the invention for load detection of an electric chain hoist along the section AA. While on the viewer's right side of the Fig. 2 the recording of the drive motor is indicated, can be on the left side of the Fig. 2 a detailed representation of the interaction of the sensor 5 and the bearing support 4 with the bearing 8 designed as a rolling bearing.
  • the bearing carrier 4 with its bearing 8 is arranged in the region of one end of the output shaft 3.
  • the structural design of the bearing carrier 4 is carried out in dependence on here not to be explained criteria.
  • the bearing carrier is designed as a cantilever or as shown here, as a carrier on two supports.
  • the bearing carrier 4 is under Use of two fasteners 9 in the housing 1 releasably locked.
  • the bearing forces received by the bearing 8 are transmitted to the bearing support 4 which at least partially contacts the bearing 8 and detected by the sensor 5.
  • the sensor 5 is also able to detect even deformations of the bearing carrier 4. It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that any sensor can be used as the sensor 5, regardless of its structural design, its physical detection method or its arrangement, which is only able to detect forces, paths or possibly speeds.

Abstract

The apparatus has housing (1) in which the supporting output shaft (3) is operatively connected to a drive motor, using the rotatably mounted bearing (7). The output shaft has addition bearing bracket (4) with bearing storage (8) and is associated with a control which is in operatively connection with the sensor (5). The sensor detects the force acting on the bearing bracket and grasps the deformation of the bearing support so that the detected signal is evaluated in the controller.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Lasterfassung an Hebezeugen und Elektrokettenzügen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, welche zumindest eine in Wirkverbindung mit einem Antriebsmotor und im Eingriff mit einem Tragmittel stehende Abtriebswelle umfasst, die innerhalb eines Gehäuses unter Verwendung mindestens eines Gehäuselagers drehbar gelagert ist.The invention relates to a device for load detection on hoists and electric chain hoists according to the preamble of claim 1, which comprises at least one in operative connection with a drive motor and engaged with a support means output shaft which is rotatably mounted within a housing using at least one housing bearing.

Eine elektronische Lasterfassung ist nach der Definition der EN 14492 - 2 ein indirekt wirkender Hubkraftbegrenzer. Sie stellt eine mögliche Lösung zur Erkennung von Über- und Unterlastzuständen eines Hubwerkes dar. Die elektronische Lasterfassung kann als Einzellösung oder als Ergänzung zu direkten Hubkraftbegrenzern, beispielsweise Rutschkupplungen, eingesetzt werden.An electronic load detection is according to the definition of EN 14492-2 an indirectly acting lifting force limiter. It represents a possible solution for detecting overload and underload conditions of a hoist. The electronic load detection can be used as a stand-alone solution or as a supplement to direct Hubkraftbegrenzern, such as slipping clutches.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind ebenso direkt wirkende Hubkraftbegrenzer nach der EN14492-2 in Gestalt von Rutschkupplungen vorbekannt, die bei angetriebenem Gerät im Kraftfluss liegen und bei auftretenden Überlastungen durch Überwinden der Haftreibung zwischen den Kupplungshälften eine Relativbewegung der Kupplungshälften zulassen und somit eine Überlastung des Antriebsstranges verhindern. Bei gebremstem Gerät können die Rutschkupplungen im Kraftfluss, bei Hebezeugen vorzugsweise aber auch außerhalb des Kraftflusses liegen. Durch die Rutschkupplung werden die Getriebeteile und der Antriebsmotor des Hebezeuges vor Überlastung durch Stöße und Überlast geschützt. Die Rutschkupplung ist ebenso geeignet im Einsatz als Hub - und Senkbegrenzer. Als Nachteil der direkt wirkenden Hubkraftbegrenzer ist zu nennen, dass die über Rutschkupplungen einstellbaren Auslösewerte für die Überlast aufgrund der physikalisch bedingten Streuung der Haft- und Gleitreibwerte ungenau sind. Dieser Effekt wird ggf. verstärkt durch die Streuung der Kräfte der verwendeten Federelemente. Zudem unterliegen Rutschkupplungen einem konstruktionsbedingten Verschleiß. Sie müssen im Gebrauch überwacht und ggf. nachgestellt werden.From the prior art as well directly acting Hubkraftbegrenzer are already known in the form of slip clutches according to the EN14492, which lie in power flow with driven device and allow occurring overloads by overcoming the static friction between the coupling halves relative movement of the coupling halves and thus overloading the drive train prevent. When the device is braked, the slip clutches may be in the force flow, but in the case of hoists, preferably outside the force flow. The friction clutch protects the gear parts and the drive motor of the hoist from overload due to shock and overload. The slip clutch is also suitable for use as a lifting and lowering limiter. A disadvantage of the directly acting Hubkraftbegrenzer is to mention that the adjustable over slipping clutches release values for the overload due to the physically conditional dispersion of the adhesive and Gleitreibwerte are inaccurate. This effect is possibly enhanced by the scattering of the forces of the spring elements used. In addition, slip clutches subject to design-related wear. They must be monitored in use and readjusted if necessary.

Die eingangs genannten indirekt wirkenden Hubkraftbegrenzer haben gemeinsam, dass die Überlast nicht direkt im Laststrang detektiert wird, sondern über mechanische, elektrische oder elektronische Hilfskonstruktionen erfasst und geeignet ausgewertet wird. Exemplarisch sind hierzu Seilkraftbegrenzer, gefederte Ausgleichs-Seilrollen, gefederte Drehmomentenstützen, gefederte Lasterfassungsrahmen bzw. Lasterfassungsbolzen, Wägezellen oder Zugkraftaufnehmer mit Auswerteeinheit zu nennen. Nachteilig an den bisher bekannten indirekt wirkenden Hubkraftbegrenzern ist, dass die zur Erfassung einer Überlast erforderlichen mechanischen Kenngrößen außerhalb des Gehäuses des Hebezeugs bzw. Elektrokettenzugs detektiert werden. Dazu ist stets eine mechanische Verbindung, z. B. ein Hebel oder eine Rolle, bzw. eine elektrische Verbindung in Gestalt eines Kabels zwischen Erfassungsort und Auswertegerät am Hebezeug zu schaffen. Durch Beschädigung der Signalverbindung kann die Lasterfassung wirkungslos werden.The above-mentioned indirectly acting Hubkraftbegrenzer have in common that the overload is not detected directly in the load line, but detected by mechanical, electrical or electronic auxiliary structures and evaluated appropriately. Examples of this are Seilkraftbegrenzer, spring-loaded compensating pulleys, sprung torque arms, sprung load sensing frame or load sensing pin, load cells or Zugkraftaufnehmer to name with evaluation. A disadvantage of the previously known indirectly acting Hubkraftbegrenzern that the required for detecting an overload mechanical parameters outside the housing of the hoist or electric chain hoist are detected. This is always a mechanical connection, z. As a lever or a roller, or to provide an electrical connection in the form of a cable between detection location and evaluation on the hoist. By damaging the signal connection, the load detection can be ineffective.

Ergänzend sei erwähnt, dass bei den bisher bekannten indirekten Hubkraftbegrenzern innere Überlastungen, die beispielsweise durch ein Verklemmen des Tragmittels im Gehäuse des Hebezeuges hervorgerufen werden, nicht detektiert werden können.In addition, it should be mentioned that in the previously known indirect Hubkraftbegrenzern internal overloads, which are caused for example by jamming of the suspension element in the housing of the hoist, can not be detected.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht nunmehr darin, eine Vorrichtung zur Lasterfassung an Hebezeugen und Elektrokettenzügen vorzuschlagen, welche sowohl äußere als auch innere Überlastungen detektiert, die nahezu wartungsfrei ist und mittels derer eine bessere Ausnutzung der Hubhöhe erzielt werden kann.The object of the invention is now to propose a device for load detection on hoists and electric chain hoists, which detects both external and internal overloads that almost is maintenance-free and by means of which a better utilization of the lifting height can be achieved.

Nach der Konzeption der Erfindung umfasst die Vorrichtung zur Lasterfassung an Hebezeugen und Elektrokettenzügen zumindest eine in Wirkverbindung mit einem Antriebsmotor und im Eingriff mit einem Tragmittel stehende Abtriebswelle, die innerhalb eines Gehäuses unter Verwendung mindestens eines Gehäuselagers drehbar gelagert ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Abtriebswelle zusätzlich ein Lagerträger mit Lager zugeordnet sowie zumindest ein mit einer Steuerung in Wirkverbindung stehender Sensor vorgesehen, wobei der Sensor entweder die auf den Lagerträger wirkenden Kräfte oder die Verformung des Lagerträgers erfassend ausgebildet ist, und das vom Sensor detektierte Signal in der Steuerung ausgewertet wird.According to the concept of the invention, the device for load detection on hoists and electric chain hoists comprises at least one output shaft which is in operative connection with a drive motor and in engagement with a suspension element, which is rotatably mounted within a housing using at least one housing bearing. According to the invention, the output shaft is additionally assigned a bearing carrier with bearings and at least one sensor operatively connected to a control, wherein the sensor is designed to detect either the forces acting on the bearing carrier or the deformation of the bearing carrier, and the signal detected by the sensor in the controller is evaluated.

Unter Tragmittel sind im Sinne der Erfindung Drahtseile, Ketten oder Stahlbänder zu verstehen, wobei bei der Verwendung von Ketten die Abtriebswelle als Kettenwelle ausgebildet ist. Das Gehäuse der Vorrichtung weist dazu eine Eingriffsstelle auf, an welcher das gewählte Tragmittel form- oder kraftschlüssig an der oder in die Abtriebswelle eingreift.For the purposes of the invention, suspension means are wire ropes, chains or steel bands, the output shaft being designed as a chain shaft when chains are used. For this purpose, the housing of the device has an engagement point at which the selected suspension element engages positively or non-positively on or into the output shaft.

In Abhängigkeit von einstellbaren bzw. definierten Lastgrenzwerten wird das Ausgangssignal der Steuerung entweder zur Steuerung des mit der Abtriebswelle in Wirkverbindung stehenden Antriebsmotors und/oder zur optischen, akustischen oder taktil wahrnehmbaren Anzeige eingesetzt. Als Anzeige kann demnach beispielsweise ein Monitor, eine Lampe, eine Hupe eine Vibrationseinrichtung oder jede andere Anzeige verwendet werden, welche dem Anwender den entsprechenden Zustand signalisiert. Im Ergebnis der Steuerung des Antriebsmotors kann beispielsweise bei Überlast oder Verklemmung des Tragmittels das Heben oder bei Unterlast das Senken abgeschaltet oder eben zumindest dieser kritischer Zustand dem Anwender zur individuellen Entscheidungsfindung angezeigt werden.Depending on adjustable or defined load limit values, the output signal of the controller is used either for controlling the drive motor which is in operative connection with the output shaft and / or for the optical, acoustic or tactile perceptible display. Thus, for example, a monitor, a lamp, a horn, a vibration device or any other display can be used as the display, which signals the user to the corresponding state. As a result of the control of the drive motor, for example, in the event of overload or jamming of the suspension element, the lifting or underload the lowering can be switched off or precisely this critical state can be displayed to the user for individual decision-making.

Der Begriff Steuerung ist im Sinne der Erfindung als eine derartige Einrichtung zu verstehen, welcher Signale jeglicher Art zugeführt werden können und welche Ausgangssignale generiert. Diese Einrichtung kann jedoch auch zur Ausbildung einer Regelung mindestens einen Regler zur Bildung einer Regeldifferenz zwischen dem Eingangssignal und definierten Parametern, beispielsweise einstellbare Lastgrenzwerten, aufweisen.The term control is to be understood in the context of the invention as such a device, which signals of any kind can be supplied and which generates output signals. However, this device can also have at least one controller for forming a control for forming a control difference between the input signal and defined parameters, for example adjustable load limit values.

Der Sensor kann vorzugsweise am Lagerträger oder im Lagerträger platziert sein oder der Lagerträger als solcher ist als Sensor ausgebildet. Der unter Verwendung von Befestigungsmitteln im Gehäuse arretierte Lagerträger kann vorzugsweise als Stütze oder als Kragträger ausgebildet sein.The sensor may preferably be placed on the bearing carrier or in the bearing carrier or the bearing carrier as such is designed as a sensor. The locked using fasteners in the housing bearing carrier may preferably be formed as a support or as a cantilever.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Sensor am Lager oder im Lager des Lagerträgers platziert oder das Lager des Lagerträgers ist als solches als Sensor ausgebildet.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sensor is placed on the bearing or in the bearing of the bearing carrier or the bearing of the bearing carrier is designed as such as a sensor.

Es hat sich aus konstruktiven Gründen als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn das Lager des Lagerträgers als Wälzlager ausgebildet ist, wobei der Wälzlageraußenring selbst als Lagerträger ausgebildet ist.It has proven to be particularly advantageous for structural reasons, when the bearing of the bearing carrier is designed as a rolling bearing, wherein the rolling bearing outer ring itself is designed as a bearing carrier.

Optional ist in Signalflussrichtung ein dem Sensor nachgeordneter und der Steuerung vorgeschalteter Verstärker vorgesehen, dessen digitales oder analoges Ausgangssignal der Steuerung zuführbar ist.Optionally, an amplifier downstream of the sensor and upstream of the controller is provided in the signal flow direction, the digital or analog output signal of which can be fed to the controller.

Zur Sicherstellung einer Notlaufeigenschaft weist das vollständig mit einer Abdichtung ausgebildete Gehäuselager eine Lagerpassung auf, die einerseits zur definierten Krafteinleitung in den Lagerträger ausgebildet und andererseits bei Bruch des Lagerträgers zur Aufnahme der Lagerkräfte und Einleitung in das Gehäuse ausgebildet ist.To ensure a runflat property, the housing bearing designed completely with a seal has a bearing fit, which, on the one hand, forms the defined force introduction into the bearing carrier and, on the other hand, is formed when the bearing carrier breaks to receive the bearing forces and initiate into the housing.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung steht der Sensor so in Wirkverbindung zum Antriebsmotor der Vorrichtung, dass beim Anfahren eines Hub- und/oder Senkbegrenzers an das Gehäuse das vom Sensor detektierte Signal der Steuerung zugeführt und der Antriebsmotor abgeschaltet wird und/oder eine optische, akustische oder taktil wahrnehmbare Anzeige erfolgt. Beim Anfahren eines Hub- und/oder Senkbegrenzers an das Gehäuse kann somit besonders vorteilhaft eine Notendabschaltung der Vorrichtung realisiert werden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sensor is so in operative connection with the drive motor of the device that when starting a lifting and / or Senkbegrenzers supplied to the housing, the signal detected by the sensor of the controller and the drive motor is switched off and / or a visual, audible or tactile perceptible display takes place. When starting a lifting and / or Senkbegrenzers to the housing can thus be realized particularly advantageous an emergency stop of the device.

Zum Zwecke der optimalen Kraftübersetzung und Drehzahlanpassung ist als Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Antriebsmotor und der Abtriebswelle vorzugsweise ein ein- oder mehrstufiges Getriebe vorgesehen.For the purpose of optimal power transmission and speed adjustment is preferably provided as an operative connection between the drive motor and the output shaft, a single or multi-stage transmission.

Die signifikanten Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik sind im Wesentlichen:

  • die auf die Abtriebswelle des Hebezeuges bzw. Elektrokettenzugs einwirkende Kraft wird direkt detektiert und ausgewertet,
  • die elektronische und/oder elektrische Lasterfassung kann genauer als eine Rutschkupplung eingestellt werden, unterliegt keinem Verschleiß und ist nahezu wartungsfrei,
  • die äußere Kabelführung im Sinne einer Signalleitungsführung eines außerhalb des Gehäuses platzierten Sensors in das Gehäuse hinein entfällt, da die Lasterfassung durch den zumindest einen innerhalb des Gehäuses platzierten Sensors erfolgt,
  • einfacher konstruktiver Aufbau mit hohem Vorfertigungsgrad ohne die Notwendigkeit, unmittelbar vor der Inbetriebnahme oder Inbetriebsetzung ergänzende Montageschritte, wie beispielsweise die externe Signalleitungsmontage vom Erfassungsort außerhalb des Gehäuses zur Steuerung bzw. Auswerteinheit durchführen zu müssen,
  • zu den bislang nur äußeren Überlastungen der Vorrichtung können nunmehr auch innere Überlastungen, beispielsweise hervorgerufen durch eine Verklemmung des Tragmittels an der Abtriebswelle im Bereich der Eingriffsstelle des Gehäuses, detektiert werden.
  • zur Erzielung einer diversitären Redendanz besteht die Möglichkeit, konventionelle Rutschkupplungen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lasterfassung zu kombinieren,
  • es ist nur eine Baugruppe für eine jeweils eine Gehäusegröße zu konstruieren und vorzuhalten, was zu einer effizienten Serienfertigung führt und
  • die Möglichkeit der freien Kalibrierung der Lagerträger führt zu einem breiten Abschaltspektrum.
The significant advantages and features of the invention over the prior art are essentially:
  • the force acting on the output shaft of the hoist or electric chain hoist is directly detected and evaluated,
  • The electronic and / or electrical load detection can be set more precisely than a slip clutch, is not subject to wear and is almost maintenance-free,
  • the outer cable guide is omitted in the sense of a signal line guide of a sensor placed outside the housing into the housing, since the load detection is effected by the at least one sensor placed inside the housing,
  • simple structural design with high degree of prefabrication without the need to carry out additional assembly steps, such as the external signal line assembly from the detection point outside the housing to the controller or evaluation unit immediately before commissioning or commissioning,
  • To the previously only external overloads of the device can now also internal overloads, for example, caused be detected by a jamming of the support means on the output shaft in the region of the engagement point of the housing.
  • In order to achieve a diversified speech, it is possible to combine conventional friction clutches with the load detection according to the invention,
  • it is only an assembly to design and stock a housing size, resulting in efficient mass production and
  • the possibility of free calibration of the bearing carrier leads to a broad shutdown spectrum.

Die Ziele und Vorteile dieser Erfindung sind nach sorgfältigem Studium der nachfolgenden ausführlichen Beschreibung der hier bevorzugten, nicht einschränkenden Beispielausgestaltung der Erfindung mit der zugehörigen Zeichnung besser zu verstehen und zu bewerten, welche zeigt:

Fig. 1:
einen Querschnitt der Vorrichtung und
Fig. 2:
eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung entlang des Schnitts A-A.
The objectives and advantages of this invention will become better understood and appreciated after a careful study of the following detailed description of the preferred non-limiting example embodiment of the invention, with the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1:
a cross section of the device and
Fig. 2:
a side view of the device along the section AA.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt einen Querschnitt der Vorrichtung zur Lasterfassung von Hebezeugen und Elektrokettenzügen in Gestalt eines Elektrokettenzuges. Derartige Hebezeuge finden beispielsweise Anwendung in der Industrie und in der Bühnentechnik. Die gezeigte Vorrichtung umfasst eine in Wirkverbindung mit einem nicht dargestellten Antriebsmotor und im Eingriff mit einem nicht dargestellten Tragmittel stehende Abtriebswelle 3, die innerhalb eines Gehäuses 1 unter Verwendung von zwei Gehäuselagern drehbar gelagert ist. Exemplarisch für beide Gehäuselager ist ein Gehäuselager mit dem Bezugszeichen 7 gekennzeichnet, welches im Bereich der nahezu zentrisch angeordneten Eingriffsstelle der Abtriebswelle 3 in das Gehäuse 1 angeordnet ist. Zwischen dem nicht gezeigten Antriebsmotor und der Abtriebswelle 3 wird üblicherweise ein Getriebe platziert, welches aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht dargestellt ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Abtriebswelle 3 zusätzlich ein Lagerträger 4 mit einem als Wälzlager ausgebildeten Lager 8 zugeordnet, auf welchem sich die Abtriebswelle 3 abstützt. Zudem ist ein mit einer nicht gezeigten Steuerung in Wirkverbindung stehender Sensor 5 vorgesehen, welcher unmittelbar am Lagerträger 4 angeordnet ist. Dieser demnach innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 angeordnete Sensor ist die auf den Lagerträger 4 wirkenden Kräfte oder die Verformung des Lagerträgers 4 erfassend ausgebildet. Das vom Sensor 5 vorzugsweise permanent detektierte Signal wird der Steuerung über nicht gezeigte Signalleitungen zugeführt und dort entsprechend ausgewertet und ggf. weiterverarbeitet. In Abhängigkeit von einstellbaren Lastgrenzwerten wird das Ausgangssignal der Steuerung entweder zur Steuerung des mit der Abtriebswelle 3 in Wirkverbindung stehenden Antriebsmotors und/oder zur optischen, akustischen oder taktil wahrnehmbaren Anzeige eingesetzt.The Fig. 1 shows a cross section of the device for load detection of hoists and electric chain hoists in the form of an electric chain hoist. Such hoists are used, for example, in industry and in stage technology. The device shown comprises an output shaft 3, which is in operative connection with a drive motor, not shown, and in engagement with a support means, not shown, which is rotatably mounted within a housing 1 using two housing bearings. As an example for both housing bearings, a housing bearing is denoted by the reference numeral 7, which is arranged in the housing 1 in the region of the almost centrally arranged engagement point of the output shaft 3. Between the drive motor and the output shaft 3, not shown, a gear is usually placed, which for reasons of clarity not shown. According to the invention, the output shaft 3 is additionally assigned a bearing carrier 4 with a bearing 8 designed as a roller bearing, on which the output shaft 3 is supported. In addition, a sensor 5, which is in operative connection with a control, not shown, is provided which is arranged directly on the bearing carrier 4. This thus arranged within the housing 1 sensor is acting on the bearing support 4 forces or the deformation of the bearing support 4 is detected detected. The signal, which is preferably permanently detected by the sensor 5, is fed to the controller via signal lines, not shown, where it is correspondingly evaluated and optionally further processed. Depending on adjustable load limits, the output signal of the controller is used either to control the drive shaft 3 in operative connection with the drive shaft 3 and / or for the optical, acoustic or tactile perceptible display.

Zur Sicherstellung einer Notlaufeigenschaft weist das vollständig mit einer Abdichtung 6 ausgebildete Gehäuselager 7 eine Lagerpassung auf, die einerseits zur definierten Krafteinleitung in den Lagerträger 4 ausgebildet und andererseits bei Bruch des Lagerträgers 4 zur Aufnahme der Lagerkräfte und Einleitung in das Gehäuse 1 ausgebildet ist.To ensure a runflat property, the completely formed with a seal 6 housing bearing 7 has a bearing fit, which is formed on the one hand for defined introduction of force in the bearing carrier 4 and on the other hand formed at breakage of the bearing support 4 for receiving the bearing forces and introduction into the housing 1.

Die Fig. 2 illustriert eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Lasterfassung eines Elektrokettenzugs entlang des Schnitts A-A. Während auf der vom Betrachter aus rechten Seite der Fig. 2 die Aufnahme des Antriebsmotors angedeutet ist, lässt sich auf der linken Seite der Fig. 2 eine detaillierte Darstellung des Zusammenwirkens des Sensors 5 und des Lagerträgers 4 mit dem als Wälzlager ausgebildeten Lager 8 entnehmen. Der Lagerträger 4 mit seinem Lager 8 ist dabei im Bereich eines Endes der Abtriebswelle 3 angeordnet. Die konstruktive Ausbildung des Lagerträgers 4 erfolgt in Abhängigkeit von hier nicht näher zu erläuternden Kriterien. Vorzugsweise ist der Lagerträger jedoch als Kragträger oder wie hier dargestellt, als Träger auf zwei Stützen ausgebildet. Der Lagerträger 4 ist unter Verwendung von zwei Befestigungsmitteln 9 im Gehäuse 1 lösbar arretiert. Die vom Lager 8 aufgenommenen Lagerkräfte werden auf den das Lager 8 zumindest partiell kontaktierenden Lagerträger 4 übertragen und vom Sensor 5 erfasst. Zudem ist der Sensor 5 ebenso in der Lage, auch Verformungen des Lagerträgers 4 zu detektieren. Dem Fachmann ist selbstverständlich, dass als Sensor 5 jedweder Sensor unabhängig von seiner konstruktiven Gestaltung, seiner physikalischen Erfassungsmethode oder seiner Anordnung eingesetzt werden kann, welcher nur in der Lage ist, Kräfte, Wege oder ggf. Geschwindigkeiten zu detektieren.The Fig. 2 illustrates a side view of the device according to the invention for load detection of an electric chain hoist along the section AA. While on the viewer's right side of the Fig. 2 the recording of the drive motor is indicated, can be on the left side of the Fig. 2 a detailed representation of the interaction of the sensor 5 and the bearing support 4 with the bearing 8 designed as a rolling bearing. The bearing carrier 4 with its bearing 8 is arranged in the region of one end of the output shaft 3. The structural design of the bearing carrier 4 is carried out in dependence on here not to be explained criteria. Preferably, however, the bearing carrier is designed as a cantilever or as shown here, as a carrier on two supports. The bearing carrier 4 is under Use of two fasteners 9 in the housing 1 releasably locked. The bearing forces received by the bearing 8 are transmitted to the bearing support 4 which at least partially contacts the bearing 8 and detected by the sensor 5. In addition, the sensor 5 is also able to detect even deformations of the bearing carrier 4. It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that any sensor can be used as the sensor 5, regardless of its structural design, its physical detection method or its arrangement, which is only able to detect forces, paths or possibly speeds.

LISTE DER BEZUGSZEICHENLIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

11
Gehäusecasing
22
Gehäuseraumhousing space
33
Abtriebswelleoutput shaft
44
Lagerträgerbearing bracket
55
Sensorsensor
66
Abdichtungseal
77
Gehäuselagerbearing Units
88th
Lagercamp
99
Befestigungspunkteattachment points

Claims (10)

Vorrichtung zur Lasterfassung an Hebezeugen und Elektrokettenzügen, zumindest umfassend eine in Wirkverbindung mit einem Antriebsmotor und im Eingriff mit einem Tragmittel stehende Abtriebswelle (3), die innerhalb eines Gehäuses (1) unter Verwendung mindestens eines Gehäuselagers (7) drehbar gelagert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abtriebswelle (3) zusätzlich ein Lagerträger (4) mit Lager (8) zugeordnet sowie zumindest ein mit einer Steuerung in Wirkverbindung stehender Sensor (5) vorgesehen sind, wobei der Sensor (5) entweder a. die auf den Lagerträger (4) wirkenden Kräfte oder b. die Verformung des Lagerträgers (4) erfassend ausgebildet ist, und das vom Sensor (5) detektierte Signal in der Steuerung ausgewertet wird.Device for load detection on hoists and electric chain hoists, at least comprising an output shaft (3) which is in operative connection with a drive motor and in engagement with a suspension element, which is rotatably mounted within a housing (1) using at least one housing bearing (7), characterized in that the output shaft (3) is additionally assigned a bearing carrier (4) with bearings (8) and at least one sensor (5) in operative connection with a control is provided, the sensor (5) either a. the forces acting on the bearing carrier (4) or b. the deformation of the bearing carrier (4) is designed to be detected, and the signal detected by the sensor (5) is evaluated in the controller. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Abhängigkeit von einstellbaren Lastgrenzwerten das Ausgangssignal der Steuerung entweder a. zur Steuerung des mit der Abtriebswelle (3) in Wirkverbindung stehenden Antriebsmotors, und/oder b. zur optischen, akustischen oder taktil wahrnehmbaren Anzeige eingesetzt wird. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that depending on adjustable load limits, the output signal of the controller either a. for controlling the drive shaft in operative connection with the output shaft (3), and / or b. used for optical, acoustic or tactile perceptible display. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (5) am Lagerträger (4) oder im Lagerträger (4) platziert oder der Lagerträger (4) als solcher als Sensor (5) ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensor (5) placed on the bearing support (4) or in the bearing support (4) or the bearing support (4) is designed as such as a sensor (5). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der unter Verwendung von Befestigungsmitteln (9) im Gehäuse (1) arretierte Lagerträger (4) als Stütze oder als Kragträger ausgebildet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fixing using fastening means (9) in the housing (1) bearing carrier (4) is designed as a support or as a cantilever. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (5) am Lager (8) oder im Lager (8) platziert oder das Lager (8) als solches als Sensor (5) ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (5) placed on the bearing (8) or in the bearing (8) or the bearing (8) is designed as such as a sensor (5). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Lager (8) als Wälzlager ausgebildet ist, wobei der Wälzlageraußenring als Lagerträger (4) ausgebildet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bearing (8) is designed as a roller bearing, wherein the roller bearing outer ring is formed as a bearing carrier (4). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Signalflussrichtung ein dem Sensor (5) nachgeordneter und der Steuerung vorgeschalteter Verstärker vorgesehen ist, dessen digitales oder analoges Ausgangssignal der Steuerung zuführbar ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the signal flow direction, a sensor downstream of the sensor (5) and the controller upstream is provided, the digital or analog output signal of the controller can be fed. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Sicherstellung einer Notlaufeigenschaft das vollständig mit einer Abdichtung (6) ausgebildete Gehäuselager (7) eine Lagerpassung aufweist, die einerseits zur definierten Krafteinleitung in den Lagerträger (4) ausgebildet und andererseits bei Bruch des Lagerträgers (4) zur Aufnahme der Lagerkräfte und Einleitung in das Gehäuse (1) ausgebildet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that to ensure an emergency running the completely with a seal (6) formed housing bearing (7) has a bearing fit, on the one hand for the defined introduction of force in the bearing carrier (4) formed and on the other hand in case of breakage the bearing carrier (4) for receiving the bearing forces and introduction into the housing (1) is formed. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (5) so in Wirkverbindung zum Antriebsmotor der Vorrichtung steht, dass beim Anfahren eines Hub- und/oder Senkbegrenzer an das Gehäuse (1) das vom Sensor (5) detektierte Signal der Steuerung zugeführt und der Antriebsmotor abgeschaltet wird und/oder eine optische, akustische oder taktil wahrnehmbare Anzeige erfolgt.Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sensor (5) is so in operative connection to the drive motor of the device that when approaching a lifting and / or Senkbegrenzer to the housing (1) detected by the sensor (5) Signal supplied to the controller and the drive motor is turned off and / or an optical, audible or tactile perceptible display takes place. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Antriebsmotor und der Abtriebswelle (3) ein Getriebe vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a transmission is provided as an operative connection between the drive motor and the output shaft (3).
EP20110003556 2011-05-02 2011-05-02 Load detection device for lifting devices and electric chain hoists Active EP2520534B1 (en)

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EP20110003556 EP2520534B1 (en) 2011-05-02 2011-05-02 Load detection device for lifting devices and electric chain hoists

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107291989A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-10-24 中国矿业大学 Km deep-well main shaft of hoister multi-invalidation mode reliability estimation method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3912485A1 (en) * 1988-09-21 1990-11-08 Broehl Gmbh & Co Ohg Maschf Cable tension measurer for constant winding on-board ship - holds measuring element on measuring beams under infinitely variable biassing tension
WO2002002450A1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2002-01-10 Otis Elevator Company Elevator machine integrated load weighing system
EP1602617A1 (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-07 Demag Cranes & Components GmbH LIfting apparatus with load measuring device and method to determine the load on a lifting apparatus
WO2006018276A1 (en) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 R. Stahl Fördertechnik GmbH Hoist comprising a strain sensor
DE102005049351A1 (en) * 2005-10-12 2007-04-19 Hoffmann Fördertechnik GmbH Wurzen Electromechanical overload safety device for a electric chain pull or cable pull comprises a main driven shaft fixed in a housing on the driven side with a roller bearing and positioned on the other side with an arrangement of bearings

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3912485A1 (en) * 1988-09-21 1990-11-08 Broehl Gmbh & Co Ohg Maschf Cable tension measurer for constant winding on-board ship - holds measuring element on measuring beams under infinitely variable biassing tension
WO2002002450A1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2002-01-10 Otis Elevator Company Elevator machine integrated load weighing system
EP1602617A1 (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-07 Demag Cranes & Components GmbH LIfting apparatus with load measuring device and method to determine the load on a lifting apparatus
WO2006018276A1 (en) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 R. Stahl Fördertechnik GmbH Hoist comprising a strain sensor
DE102005049351A1 (en) * 2005-10-12 2007-04-19 Hoffmann Fördertechnik GmbH Wurzen Electromechanical overload safety device for a electric chain pull or cable pull comprises a main driven shaft fixed in a housing on the driven side with a roller bearing and positioned on the other side with an arrangement of bearings

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107291989A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-10-24 中国矿业大学 Km deep-well main shaft of hoister multi-invalidation mode reliability estimation method
CN107291989B (en) * 2017-05-25 2018-09-14 中国矿业大学 Km deep-well main shaft of hoister multi-invalidation mode reliability estimation method

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