EP2516847A1 - Wind turbine set up on the last floor of a residence, in particular in an urban area - Google Patents

Wind turbine set up on the last floor of a residence, in particular in an urban area

Info

Publication number
EP2516847A1
EP2516847A1 EP10805805A EP10805805A EP2516847A1 EP 2516847 A1 EP2516847 A1 EP 2516847A1 EP 10805805 A EP10805805 A EP 10805805A EP 10805805 A EP10805805 A EP 10805805A EP 2516847 A1 EP2516847 A1 EP 2516847A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wind
wind turbine
hub
blades
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10805805A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Lecanu
Eric Quemere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2516847A1 publication Critical patent/EP2516847A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/34—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/911—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure already existing for a prior purpose
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • Windmill located on the top floor of a house, especially in urban areas
  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine, in particular a vertical axis, located on the last floor of a building, for example a house, a building, a tower, etc., particularly in an urban area, and provided with a rotor equipped with blades. , powered by wind driving a generator to provide electrical power.
  • Such wind turbines which are located in very windy areas and where the wind is relatively stable, generally make it possible to produce electricity for 30% of the year.
  • a wind turbine thus installed in a favorable location nevertheless always has a low efficiency due to the eddies created by the building which constitutes an obstacle that the wind is obliged to circumvent.
  • the wind turbines thus installed comprise a wind channeling base associated with air intakes located on the periphery of the floor of the building reserved for them and extending outwardly by a chimney, notably a diverging conical chimney at level of the neck of which is housed the rotor.
  • Such a system has the advantage of making it possible to eliminate the swirling flow zones and to increase the wind catching surfaces.
  • the air can thus be channeled towards a single wind turbine whereas when the wind speed increases, the captured air can be directed towards several wind turbines, which makes it possible to optimize the recovery of the wind. energy even when the wind speed is low.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a wind turbine of the aforementioned type having an increased efficiency.
  • the invention relates to a wind turbine located on the top floor of a dwelling, particularly in an urban area, characterized in that it comprises a central channel hub mounted to the inner part of the chimney neck.
  • the blades of the wind turbine may be of the active-lift type or rather of the active-drag type.
  • the air velocity is greater at the middle part of the neck of the chimney than at the periphery thereof along the walls.
  • This optimization of the circulation of the air around the wind turbine blades can be completed by a decrease in the height of the chimney and an increase in its diameter.
  • the chimney it is advantageous for the chimney to have the shape of a very flared cone extending in the direction of air flow through a larger or larger peripheral ring or conical crown whose function is to maintain the flow of the air near the walls of the chimney.
  • the recovery of the wind energy and thus the wind turbine efficiency can also be increased by optimizing the geometry of the air inlets located at the periphery of the last floor of the building where it is installed, that is to say, the height and width of these air intakes, insofar as they are generally rectangular in shape.
  • air inlets can also advantageously be equipped with air sensing elements such as a cap located at the top, side baffles or air channeling elements located in the lower part.
  • the rotor of the wind turbine is associated not with a single generator, but with a set of generators that can be selectively driven according to the wind speed.
  • the rotor when the wind is weak and because the speed of rotation of the blades is low, the rotor is coupled to a generator of low power, whereas when the wind speed and the rotational speed As the blades increase, the rotor is coupled to a larger generator.
  • the generators can be driven directly by the rotor of the wind turbine or by means of a multiplier system which may or may not be demountable insofar as these generators have low inertias.
  • the management of the coupling of the generators on the electrical network can in turn be carried out from the wind speed or the speed of rotation of the rotor.
  • the median channel hub is equipped with at least one air distribution propeller fixed along its outer periphery.
  • This or these propeller (s) which can (wind) have a constant or variable pitch ensures (s) a homogenization of the air flow in the neck of the chimney around the blades of the wind turbine and allows in this me- sure to increase the yield of it.
  • Another advantage of such air distribution propellers is related to the fact that they make it possible to optimize the angle of incidence, that is to say the inclination of the apparent wind which acts on the rotor blades of the rotor. to avoid problems related to the phenomenon known as "stall" inherent wind turbines located in urban areas due to instability of the wind.
  • This apparent wind which is received with a given angle of incidence, induces a force decomposing into a tangential or drag component and an axial component or lift.
  • a variation of the wind speed causes a variation of the apparent wind and thus of the angle of incidence.
  • the profile of a wind turbine blade is determined for a relatively low range of angles of incidence, and, if we leave this range, the lift and the grid become almost zero: it is there the so-called "stall" phenomenon which is of little importance in the case of large wind farms located in the countryside where the winds are relatively stable, but which poses a real problem in urban areas.
  • This problem can be solved by creating a reactive thrust induced by a blockage of the fraction of the apparent wind emerging directly from the rotor that the blades must compensate for by an increase in their speed.
  • Such an inclination can be obtained thanks to the presence of at least one air distribution helix.
  • Such radial straightening vanes may advantageously cooperate with at least one air distribution helix and be situated downstream of this helix in the direction of wind circulation.
  • the median channel hub is constituted by a substantially cylindrical element.
  • the wind channeling base is constituted by a wind pipe tube enclosing at its inner part a coaxial rotary tube on which are fixed the blades and equipped with a diaphragm creating a narrowing of section and constituting the center channel hub.
  • the wind channeling base is constituted by a wind pipe tube enclosing at its inner part a coaxially mounted divergent / convergent ovoid hub, constituting the median pipe hub and having in the flow direction of the wind a divergent fixed part or stator extending by a convergent rotating part or rotor on which are fixed the blades.
  • Such an ovoid hub consisting of a stator and a rotor makes it possible to obtain a gradual narrowing of the flow section of the air causing an increase in its speed. In addition, this narrowing forces the circulating air to approach the pipe tube, thus optimizing the effective radius of the rotor blades.
  • the stator is equipped with radial straightening vanes.
  • the wind pipe tube contains at its inner part a coaxial rotary tube which surrounds the stator and on which is fixed a second set of blades.
  • the wind turbine is equipped with a double blade rotor, namely on the one hand an internal rotor and on the other hand an external rotor constituted by a conventional wind turbine.
  • the blades equipping the rotor (s) of Teolienne according to the invention can be of any type (aircraft wing profile, blades ...) and be combined with one or more propellers ( s) air distribution and / or radial straightening vanes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the last floor of a residential building dedicated to the installation of a series of wind turbines, in accordance with the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a wind turbine according to the first variant of the invention located on the top floor of such a residential building,
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the center pipe hub of a wind turbine according to the first variant of the invention equipped with an air homogenisation propeller and a set of radial straightening vanes,
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a wind turbine corresponding to the second variant of the invention.
  • FIG. 4a is an illustrative diagram of the configuration of the wind turbine shown in FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a wind turbine corresponding to a first embodiment of the third variant of the invention
  • FIG. 5a is an illustrative diagram of the configuration of the wind turbine shown in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a wind turbine corresponding to a second embodiment of the third variant of the invention
  • FIG. 6a is an illustrative diagram of the configuration of the wind turbine shown in FIG.
  • an upper floor 2 has been added to a residential building 1 shown schematically.
  • This upper stage 2 is dedicated to the implantation of a series of eoliemies 3 of which there are four in the example shown in FIG.
  • Each of these wind turbines comprises a wind circulation base 4 extending by a diverging conical chimney 5.
  • a rotor equipped with a series of blades, not visible in FIG. 1, is housed at the inside of the neck 6 of the chimney 5.
  • the duct base 4 of each of the wind turbines 3 is associated with air inlets 7 situated at the periphery of the upper floor 2 of the building 1.
  • These air inlets 7 are of rectangular shape and have a geometry and in particular a width and height adapted to a maximum wind catch, and are equipped with air sensing elements not shown in FIG. 1 .
  • a central channel hub 8 is mounted to the inner portion of the neck 6 'of the chimney 5' at which is housed the rotor of the wind turbine which is not shown.
  • This pipe hub 8 which is constituted by a substantially cylindrical element prevents air circulation to the middle portion of the neck 6 'of the chimney 5'.
  • the chimney 5 has the shape of a very flared cone having a smaller height and a larger diameter than the duct 5 shown in FIG.
  • this cone 5 ' is extended at its outer portion by a peripheral ring of larger diameter 5 "whose function is to maintain the flow of air near the walls of the chimney 5'.
  • the center pipe hub 8 is equipped with an air distribution propeller 9 fixed along its outer periphery.
  • This air distribution propeller 9 is extended by a set of radial straightening vanes 10 which are distributed around the center channel hub 8 ; downstream of the propeller 9 in the direction of wind circulation, which is shown schematically by the arrow A.
  • the wind channeling base consists of a wind pipe 40 which encloses at its inner part a coaxial rotary pipe 11 on which the blades 12 are fixed.
  • the coaxial rotary tube January 1 is equipped with an ovoid-shaped median diaphragm 8i fixed thereto by means of tabs 13 and constituting the median channeling hub.
  • the rotary tube January 1 is equipped on its inner periphery with an annular diaphragm 14 again constituting the center channel hub.
  • the wind channeling base is constituted by a wind channeling pipe 41 which encloses at its inner part a convergent / divergent ovoid hub 15 mounted coaxially which constitutes the median channeling hub.
  • This ovoid hub 15 comprises in the direction of flow of the wind represented by the arrows A a divergent fixed portion 15i or stator which is extended by a convergent rotating portion 15a or rotor on which the blades 121 are fixed.
  • the stator 15i is in turn equipped with radial straightening vanes 101.
  • the wind pipe 41 encloses at its inner part a coaxial rotary tube 16 which surrounds the stator 1 and on which a second set of blades 122 is fixed.
  • the wind turbine shown in FIGS. 6 and 6a is thus equipped with a double blade rotor, namely an internal rotor similar to that shown in FIGS. 5 and 5a and an external rotor corresponding to a conventional wind turbine.

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind turbine, in particular having a vertical axis and set up on the last floor (2) of a residence (1), in particular in an urban area, said wind turbine having a rotor that is provided with blades and actuated by the wind, thus driving a generator for providing electrical power. Said wind turbine comprises a wind-channeling base (4) that extends toward the outside through a stack (5'), particularly a divergent tapered stack, at the neck (6') of which the rotor is placed. Said turbine also comprises a median channeling hub (8) that is mounted onto the inner portion of the neck (6') of the stack (5').

Description

« Ëolienne implantée au dernier étage d'une habitation, en particulier en zone urbaine »  "Windmill located on the top floor of a house, especially in urban areas"
La présente invention concerne une ëolienne, notamment d'axe vertical, implantée au dernier étage d'un bâtiment, par exemple ha- bitation, immeuble, tour, etc., en particulier en zone urbaine, et munie d'un rotor équipé de pales, actionné par le vent entraînant une génératrice pour fournir de l'énergie électrique.  The present invention relates to a wind turbine, in particular a vertical axis, located on the last floor of a building, for example a house, a building, a tower, etc., particularly in an urban area, and provided with a rotor equipped with blades. , powered by wind driving a generator to provide electrical power.
Les spécialistes cherchent depuis longtemps à récupérer l'énergie éolienne qui a l'avantage d'être propre, c'est-à-dire de ne pas en- gendrer de pollution thermique ou chimique, et parallèlement d'être inépuisable.  Specialists have long sought to recover wind energy, which has the advantage of being clean, that is to say not to generate thermal or chemical pollution, and at the same time to be inexhaustible.
Ces avantages sont toutefois compensés dans une large mesure par une série d'inconvénients liés en particulier au caractère dispersé et intermittent du vent.  These advantages are, however, largely offset by a series of disadvantages, in particular due to the dispersed and intermittent nature of the wind.
II est en outre bien connu que les parcs d'éoliennes consomment beaucoup d'espace et ne fonctionnent pas sans nuisances sonores.  It is also well known that wind farms consume a lot of space and do not work without noise nuisance.
Ces inconvénients font que le marché des éoliennes ne connaît pas l'essor auquel on aurait pu s'attendre.  These disadvantages mean that the wind turbine market is not experiencing the boom that could have been expected.
Ces dernières années, on a vu apparaître dans nos campagnes et le long de nos cotes, de nombreuses éoliennes d'axe horizontal de grande dimension, montées sur des mats de grande hauteur pour tirer profit de vitesses du vent plus élevées en altitude.  In recent years, many large horizontal axis wind turbines, mounted on high-altitude masts, have emerged in our countryside and along our coastlines to take advantage of higher wind speeds at higher altitudes.
De telles éoliennes qui sont implantées dans des zones très ventées et où le vent est relativement stable permettent en règle générale de produire de l'électricité pendant 30 % de l'année,  Such wind turbines, which are located in very windy areas and where the wind is relatively stable, generally make it possible to produce electricity for 30% of the year.
L'implantation d'éoliennes en zone urbaine est nettement plus problématique dans la mesure où le vent y est instable et où les seuls lieux réellement favorables à l'implantation d'éoliennes sont des im- meubles de grande hauteur ou des bâtiments situés dans des emplacements privilégiés, à titre d'exemple sur des buttes.  The installation of wind turbines in urban areas is much more problematic in that the wind is unstable and the only places that are really favorable for the installation of wind turbines are high-rise buildings or buildings located in urban areas. privileged locations, for example on mounds.
Une éolienne ainsi implantée dans un lieu favorable a néanmoins toujours un rendement faible du fait des tourbillons créés par le bâtiment qui constitue un obstacle que le vent est obligé de contourner.  A wind turbine thus installed in a favorable location nevertheless always has a low efficiency due to the eddies created by the building which constitutes an obstacle that the wind is obliged to circumvent.
De plus, l'implantation d'éoliennes dans nos villes entraîne des problèmes de sécurité, d'esthétique et de nuisances sonores qui sont très difficiles à résoudre. Pour cette raison, l'intégration des éoliennes en milieu urbain est actuellement très limitée. In addition, the installation of wind turbines in our cities leads to safety, aesthetic and noise problems that are very difficult to solve. For this reason, the integration of wind turbines in urban areas is currently very limited.
Pour remédier à cet inconvénient, il a déjà été proposé, conformément au document FR 2 913 072, d'ajouter un étage à un immeuble d'habitation pour le dédier à l'implantation d'une série d'éoliennes, ce en y intégrant des éléments techniques tels que motorisation de cages d'ascenseur.  To remedy this drawback, it has already been proposed, in accordance with document FR 2 913 072, to add a floor to an apartment building to dedicate it to the installation of a series of wind turbines, while incorporating technical elements such as motorization of lift cages.
Les éoliennes ainsi implantées comportent une embase de canalisation du vent associée à des entrées d'air situées à la périphérie de l'étage du bâtiment réservé à celles-ci et se prolongeant vers l'extérieur par une cheminée, notamment une cheminée conique divergente au niveau du col de laquelle est logé le rotor.  The wind turbines thus installed comprise a wind channeling base associated with air intakes located on the periphery of the floor of the building reserved for them and extending outwardly by a chimney, notably a diverging conical chimney at level of the neck of which is housed the rotor.
Un tel système présente l'avantage de permettre de supprimer les zones d'écoulement tourbillonnaires et d'augmenter les surfaces de captage du vent.  Such a system has the advantage of making it possible to eliminate the swirling flow zones and to increase the wind catching surfaces.
Dans ce but, il a été proposé d'équiper les entrées d'air de volets motorisés permettant de régler le débit de l'air et de le canaliser sur une ou plusieurs éoliennes en fonction de la vitesse du vent et de la direction du vent.  For this purpose, it has been proposed to equip the air inlets of motorized shutters to adjust the air flow and channel it on one or more wind turbines depending on the wind speed and wind direction .
En présence d'un vent faible, l'air peut ainsi être canalisé vers une seule éolienne alors que lorsque la vitesse du vent augmente, l'air capté peut être orienté vers plusieurs éoliennes, ce qui permet d'optimiser la récupération de l'énergie, même lorsque la vitesse du vent est faible.  In the presence of a weak wind, the air can thus be channeled towards a single wind turbine whereas when the wind speed increases, the captured air can be directed towards several wind turbines, which makes it possible to optimize the recovery of the wind. energy even when the wind speed is low.
La présente invention a pour objet de proposer une éolienne du type susmentionné ayant un rendement augmenté.  The object of the present invention is to propose a wind turbine of the aforementioned type having an increased efficiency.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne une éolienne implantée au dernier étage d'une habitation, en particulier en zone urbaine, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un moyeu de canalisation médian monté à la partie interne du col de la cheminée.  To this end, the invention relates to a wind turbine located on the top floor of a dwelling, particularly in an urban area, characterized in that it comprises a central channel hub mounted to the inner part of the chimney neck.
Les aubes de l'éolienne peuvent être plutôt de type à por- tance active ou plutôt de type à traînée active.  The blades of the wind turbine may be of the active-lift type or rather of the active-drag type.
Dans une éolienne du type considéré dans le cadre de l'invention, la vitesse de l'air est plus importante à la partie médiane du col de la cheminée qu'à la périphérie de celle-ci le long des parois.  In a wind turbine of the type considered in the context of the invention, the air velocity is greater at the middle part of the neck of the chimney than at the periphery thereof along the walls.
Or, cette répartition de vitesse est défavorable au rendement de l'éolienne dans la mesure où du fait de la structure de celle-ci, le couple maximum doit être situé à l'extrémité des pales, et non dans la zone centrale. Conformément à l'invention, on a eu l'idée de remédier à cet inconvénient en empêchant toute circulation d'air à la partie médiane du col de la cheminée grâce à l'adjonction d'un moyeu de canalisation médian de nature à permettre d'augmenter la vitesse de l'air à la périphérie du col de la cheminée, c'est-à-dire au niveau de l'extrémité des pales de l'éolienne. However, this speed distribution is unfavorable to the efficiency of the wind turbine in that, due to the structure of the latter, the maximum torque must be located at the end of the blades, and not in the central zone. In accordance with the invention, it has been the idea to overcome this disadvantage by preventing any air flow to the middle part of the neck of the chimney by the addition of a center pipe hub to allow increase the speed of the air at the periphery of the neck of the chimney, that is to say at the end of the blades of the wind turbine.
Cette optimisation de la circulation de l'air autour des pales de réolienne peut être complétée par une diminution de la hauteur de la cheminée et une augmentation de son diamètre.  This optimization of the circulation of the air around the wind turbine blades can be completed by a decrease in the height of the chimney and an increase in its diameter.
II est en particulier avantageux que la cheminée ait la forme d'un cône très évasé se prolongeant dans le sens de circulation de l'air par une couronne périphérique droite ou conique de diamètre plus important ayant pour fonction de permettre de maintenir l'écoulement de l'air à proximité des parois de la cheminée.  In particular, it is advantageous for the chimney to have the shape of a very flared cone extending in the direction of air flow through a larger or larger peripheral ring or conical crown whose function is to maintain the flow of the air near the walls of the chimney.
Conformément à l'invention, la récupération de l'énergie du vent et donc le rendement de réolienne peut également être augmentée grâce à une optimisation de la géométrie des entrées d'air situées à la périphérie du dernier étage du bâtiment où elle est implantée, c'est-à-dire de la hauteur et de la largeur de ces entrées d'air, dans la mesure où celles-ci sont en règle générale de forme rectangulaire.  According to the invention, the recovery of the wind energy and thus the wind turbine efficiency can also be increased by optimizing the geometry of the air inlets located at the periphery of the last floor of the building where it is installed, that is to say, the height and width of these air intakes, insofar as they are generally rectangular in shape.
Dans le cas de section on rectangulaire, une étude aéro- lique soit par calcul numérique, soit par des essais en soufflerie permet d'optimiser la géométrie de la section d'entrée d'air.  In the case of a rectangular section, an aerodynamic study either by numerical computation or by wind tunnel tests makes it possible to optimize the geometry of the air intake section.
Ces entrées d'air peuvent de surcroît avantageusement être équipées d'éléments de captage de l'air tels qu'une casquette située en partie haute, des déflecteurs latéraux ou des éléments de canalisation de l'air situés en partie basse.  These air inlets can also advantageously be equipped with air sensing elements such as a cap located at the top, side baffles or air channeling elements located in the lower part.
Dans la mesure où les vitesses du vent sont en règle générale plus faibles en milieu urbain que dans les campagnes, il est essentiel conformément à l'invention de pouvoir également récupérer l'énergie de vents faibles.  Since wind speeds are generally lower in urban areas than in the countryside, it is essential in accordance with the invention to also be able to recover the energy of weak winds.
A cet effet, il est avantageux que le rotor de l'éolienne soit associé non pas une seule génératrice, mais à un jeu de génératrices pouvant être entraînées sélectivement en fonction de la vitesse du vent.  For this purpose, it is advantageous that the rotor of the wind turbine is associated not with a single generator, but with a set of generators that can be selectively driven according to the wind speed.
Ainsi, lorsque le vent est faible et par suite que la vitesse de rotation des pales est faible, le rotor est accouplé à une génératrice de faible puissance, alors que lorsque la vitesse du vent et la vitesse de rota- tion des pales augmentent, le rotor est accouplé à une génératrice de plus grande puissance. Thus, when the wind is weak and because the speed of rotation of the blades is low, the rotor is coupled to a generator of low power, whereas when the wind speed and the rotational speed As the blades increase, the rotor is coupled to a larger generator.
La présence d'un tel jeu de génératrices pouvant être accouplées sélectivement au rotor permet de récupérer progressivement l'énergie du vent pendant une très grande partie de Tannée, donc d'augmenter le rendement de l'éolienne conforme à l'invention.  The presence of such a set of generators that can be selectively coupled to the rotor makes it possible to progressively recover the wind energy during a very large part of the year, thus increasing the efficiency of the wind turbine according to the invention.
Il est à noter que conformément à l'invention, les génératrices peuvent être entraînées directement par le rotor de l'éolienne ou par l'intermédiaire d'un système multiplicateur pouvant être ou non dé- brayable dans la mesure où ces génératrices présentent de faibles inerties.  It should be noted that in accordance with the invention, the generators can be driven directly by the rotor of the wind turbine or by means of a multiplier system which may or may not be demountable insofar as these generators have low inertias.
La gestion du couplage des génératrices sur le réseau électrique peut quant à elle être effectuée à partir de la vitesse du vent ou de la vitesse de rotation du rotor.  The management of the coupling of the generators on the electrical network can in turn be carried out from the wind speed or the speed of rotation of the rotor.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le moyeu de canalisation médian est équipé d'au moins une hélice de répartition de l'air fixée le long de sa périphérie externe.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the median channel hub is equipped with at least one air distribution propeller fixed along its outer periphery.
Cette ou ces hélice(s) qui peut(vent) avoir un pas constant ou variable assure(nt) une homogénéisation de l'écoulement d'air dans le col de la cheminée autour des pales de l'éolienne et permet dans cette me- sure d'augmenter le rendement de celle-ci.  This or these propeller (s) which can (wind) have a constant or variable pitch ensures (s) a homogenization of the air flow in the neck of the chimney around the blades of the wind turbine and allows in this me- sure to increase the yield of it.
Un autre avantage de telles hélices de répartition de l'air est lié au fait qu'elles permettent d'optimiser l'angle d'incidence c'est-à-dire l'inclinaison du vent apparent qui agit sur les pales du rotor de façon à éviter les problèmes liés au phénomène dit de « décrochage » inhérent aux éoliennes implantées en milieu urbain du fait de l'instabilité du vent.  Another advantage of such air distribution propellers is related to the fact that they make it possible to optimize the angle of incidence, that is to say the inclination of the apparent wind which acts on the rotor blades of the rotor. to avoid problems related to the phenomenon known as "stall" inherent wind turbines located in urban areas due to instability of the wind.
Il est connu des spécialistes que les pales du rotor d'une éo- lienne sont soumises à l'action d'un vent apparent dont la vitesse correspond à la résultante de leur vitesse tangentielle et de la vitesse réelle du vent.  It is known to those skilled in the art that the rotor blades of a wind turbine are subjected to the action of an apparent wind whose velocity corresponds to the resultant of their tangential velocity and of the actual wind speed.
Ce vent apparent, qui est reçu avec un angle d'incidence donné, induit une force se décomposant en une composante tangentielle ou traînée et une composante axiale ou portance.  This apparent wind, which is received with a given angle of incidence, induces a force decomposing into a tangential or drag component and an axial component or lift.
Une variation de la vitesse du vent entraîne une variation du vent apparent et de ce fait de l'angle d'incidence.  A variation of the wind speed causes a variation of the apparent wind and thus of the angle of incidence.
Or, le profil d'une pale d'éolienne est déterminé pour une plage d'angles d'incidences relativement faible, et, si l'on sort de cette plage, la portance et la tramée deviennent quasiment nulles : il s'agit là du phénomène dit de « décrochage » qui est peu important dans le cas des grandes éoliennes implantées dans les campagnes où les vents sont relativement stables, mais qui pose un réel problème en milieu urbain. However, the profile of a wind turbine blade is determined for a relatively low range of angles of incidence, and, if we leave this range, the lift and the grid become almost zero: it is there the so-called "stall" phenomenon which is of little importance in the case of large wind farms located in the countryside where the winds are relatively stable, but which poses a real problem in urban areas.
Ce problème peut être résolu en créant une poussée réactive induite par un blocage de la fraction du vent apparent ressortant di- rectement du rotor que les pales doivent compenser par une augmentation de leur vitesse.  This problem can be solved by creating a reactive thrust induced by a blockage of the fraction of the apparent wind emerging directly from the rotor that the blades must compensate for by an increase in their speed.
Toutefois, pour optimiser cette poussée réactive, il est nécessaire que le vent apparent entrant agissant sur les pales soit incliné.  However, to optimize this reactive thrust, it is necessary that the incoming apparent wind acting on the blades is inclined.
Une telle inclinaison peut être obtenue grâce à la présence d'au moins une hélice de répartition de l'air.  Such an inclination can be obtained thanks to the presence of at least one air distribution helix.
Dans ce but, il est également possible conformément à une autre caractéristique de l'invention d'équiper le moyeu de canalisation médian d'un ensemble d'aubes de redressement radiales réparties autour de ce moyeu.  For this purpose, it is also possible according to another characteristic of the invention to equip the hub of the median pipe of a set of radial straightening vanes distributed around this hub.
De telles aubes de redressement radiales peuvent avantageusement coopérer avec au moins une hélice de répartition de l'air et être situées en aval de cette hélice dans le sens de circulation du vent.  Such radial straightening vanes may advantageously cooperate with at least one air distribution helix and be situated downstream of this helix in the direction of wind circulation.
Selon une première variante de l'invention, le moyeu de canalisation médian est constitué par un élément essentiellement cylin- drique.  According to a first variant of the invention, the median channel hub is constituted by a substantially cylindrical element.
Selon une seconde variante de l'invention, l'embase de canalisation du vent est constituée par un tube de canalisation du vent renfermant à sa partie interne un tube rotatif coaxial sur lequel sont fixées les pales et équipé d'un diaphragme créant un rétrécissement de section et constituant le moyeu de canalisation médian.  According to a second variant of the invention, the wind channeling base is constituted by a wind pipe tube enclosing at its inner part a coaxial rotary tube on which are fixed the blades and equipped with a diaphragm creating a narrowing of section and constituting the center channel hub.
Un tel rétrécissement provoque une chute de pression et par suite une accélération de l'air au niveau des pales du rotor de nature à améliorer le rendement de l'éolienne.  Such narrowing causes a pressure drop and consequently an acceleration of the air at the rotor blades to improve the efficiency of the wind turbine.
Selon une troisième variante de l'invention, l'embase de ca- nalisation du vent est constituée par un tube de canalisation du vent renfermant à sa partie interne un moyeu ovoïdal divergent/ convergent monté coaxialement, constituant le moyeu de canalisation médian et comportant dans le sens de circulation du vent une partie fixe divergente ou stator se prolongeant par une partie rotative convergente ou rotor sur laquelle sont fixées les pales.  According to a third variant of the invention, the wind channeling base is constituted by a wind pipe tube enclosing at its inner part a coaxially mounted divergent / convergent ovoid hub, constituting the median pipe hub and having in the flow direction of the wind a divergent fixed part or stator extending by a convergent rotating part or rotor on which are fixed the blades.
Un tel moyeu ovoïdal constitué d'un stator et d'un rotor permet d'obtenir un rétrécissement progressif de la section d'écoulement de l'air entraînant une augmentation de sa vitesse. De plus, ce rétrécissement oblige l'air en circulation à se rapprocher du tube de canalisation, permettant ainsi d'optimiser le rayon utile des pales du rotor. Such an ovoid hub consisting of a stator and a rotor makes it possible to obtain a gradual narrowing of the flow section of the air causing an increase in its speed. In addition, this narrowing forces the circulating air to approach the pipe tube, thus optimizing the effective radius of the rotor blades.
Selon une autre caractéristique de cette troisième variante de l'invention, le stator est équipé d'aubes de redressement radiales.  According to another characteristic of this third variant of the invention, the stator is equipped with radial straightening vanes.
Selon une autre caractéristique de cette troisième variante de l'invention, le tube de canalisation du vent renferme à sa partie interne un tube rotatif coaxial qui entoure le stator et sur lequel est fixé un second ensemble de pales.  According to another characteristic of this third variant of the invention, the wind pipe tube contains at its inner part a coaxial rotary tube which surrounds the stator and on which is fixed a second set of blades.
Conformément à cette caractéristique, l'éolienne est équipée d'un double rotor à pales, à savoir d'une part un rotor interne et d'autre part un rotor externe constitué par une éolienne classique.  According to this characteristic, the wind turbine is equipped with a double blade rotor, namely on the one hand an internal rotor and on the other hand an external rotor constituted by a conventional wind turbine.
Il est à noter que les pales équipant le ou les rotor(s) de Téolienne conforme à l'invention peuvent être de type quelconque (profil d'aile d'avion, aubes...) et être combinées à une ou plusieurs hélice(s) de répartition de l'air et/ ou à des aubes de redressement radiales.  It should be noted that the blades equipping the rotor (s) of Teolienne according to the invention can be of any type (aircraft wing profile, blades ...) and be combined with one or more propellers ( s) air distribution and / or radial straightening vanes.
Les caractéristiques de l'éolienne qui fait l'objet de l'invention seront décrites plus en détail en se référant aux dessins non limitatifs annexés dans lesquels :  The characteristics of the wind turbine which is the subject of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the appended nonlimiting drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective schématique du dernier étage d'un immeuble d'habitation dédié à l'implantation d'une série d'éoliennes, conformément à l'art antérieur, FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the last floor of a residential building dedicated to the installation of a series of wind turbines, in accordance with the prior art,
la figure 2 est une perspective en coupe partielle d'une éolienne conforme à la première variante de l'invention implantée au dernier étage d'un tel immeuble d'habitation,  FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a wind turbine according to the first variant of the invention located on the top floor of such a residential building,
la figure 3 est une vue en perspective du moyeu de canalisation médian d'une éolienne conforme à la première variante de l'invention équipé d'une hélice d'homogénéisation de l'air et d'un ensemble d'aubes de redressement radiales,  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the center pipe hub of a wind turbine according to the first variant of the invention equipped with an air homogenisation propeller and a set of radial straightening vanes,
- la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'une éolienne correspondant à la seconde variante de l'invention, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a wind turbine corresponding to the second variant of the invention,
la figure 4a est un schéma illustratif de la configuration de l'éolienne représentée sur la figure 4,  FIG. 4a is an illustrative diagram of the configuration of the wind turbine shown in FIG. 4,
la figure 5 est une vue en perspective partiellement coupée d'une éo- lienne correspondant à un premier mode de réalisation de la troisième variante de l'invention,  FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a wind turbine corresponding to a first embodiment of the third variant of the invention,
la figure 5a est un schéma illustratif de la configuration de l'éolienne représentée sur la figure 5, la figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une éolienne correspondant à un second mode de réalisation de la troisième variante de l'invention, la figure 6a est un schéma illustratif de la configuration de l'éolienne représentée sur la figure 6. FIG. 5a is an illustrative diagram of the configuration of the wind turbine shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a wind turbine corresponding to a second embodiment of the third variant of the invention; FIG. 6a is an illustrative diagram of the configuration of the wind turbine shown in FIG.
Selon la figure 1 , un étage supérieur 2 a été ajouté à un immeuble d'habitation 1 représenté schématiquement.  According to Figure 1, an upper floor 2 has been added to a residential building 1 shown schematically.
Cet étage supérieur 2 est dédié à l'implantation d'une série d'éoliemies 3 au nombre de quatre dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 1.  This upper stage 2 is dedicated to the implantation of a series of eoliemies 3 of which there are four in the example shown in FIG.
Chacune de ces éoliennes comporte une embase de circulation du vent 4 se prolongeant par une cheminée conique divergente 5.  Each of these wind turbines comprises a wind circulation base 4 extending by a diverging conical chimney 5.
Un rotor équipé d'une série de pales, non visible sur la figure 1 , est logé à la partie interne du col 6 de la cheminée 5.  A rotor equipped with a series of blades, not visible in FIG. 1, is housed at the inside of the neck 6 of the chimney 5.
L'embase de canalisation 4 de chacune des éoliennes 3 est associée à des entrées d'air 7 situées à la périphérie de l'étage supérieur 2 du bâtiment 1.  The duct base 4 of each of the wind turbines 3 is associated with air inlets 7 situated at the periphery of the upper floor 2 of the building 1.
Ces entrées d'air 7 sont de forme rectangulaire et ont une géométrie et en particulier une largeur et une hauteur adaptées à un cap- tage maximum du vent, et sont équipées d'éléments de captage de l'air non représentés sur la figure 1.  These air inlets 7 are of rectangular shape and have a geometry and in particular a width and height adapted to a maximum wind catch, and are equipped with air sensing elements not shown in FIG. 1 .
Selon la figure 2, un moyeu de canalisation médian 8 est monté à la partie interne du col 6' de la cheminée 5' au niveau duquel est logé le rotor de l'éolienne qui n'est pas représenté.  According to Figure 2, a central channel hub 8 is mounted to the inner portion of the neck 6 'of the chimney 5' at which is housed the rotor of the wind turbine which is not shown.
Ce moyeu de canalisation 8 qui est constitué par un élément essentiellement cylindrique permet d'empêcher toute circulation d'air à la partie médiane du col 6' de la cheminée 5'.  This pipe hub 8 which is constituted by a substantially cylindrical element prevents air circulation to the middle portion of the neck 6 'of the chimney 5'.
Comme représenté sur la figure 2, la cheminée 5' a la forme d'un cône très évasé ayant une hauteur plus faible et un diamètre plus élevé que I'éoiienne 5 représentée sur la figure 1.  As shown in FIG. 2, the chimney 5 'has the shape of a very flared cone having a smaller height and a larger diameter than the duct 5 shown in FIG.
De plus, ce cône 5' se prolonge à sa partie externe par une couronne périphérique de diamètre plus important 5" qui a pour fonction de permettre de maintenir l'écoulement d'air à proximité des parois de la cheminée 5'.  In addition, this cone 5 'is extended at its outer portion by a peripheral ring of larger diameter 5 "whose function is to maintain the flow of air near the walls of the chimney 5'.
Selon la figure 3, le moyeu de canalisation médian 8 est équipé d'une hélice de répartition de l'air 9 fixée le long de sa périphérie externe.  According to FIG. 3, the center pipe hub 8 is equipped with an air distribution propeller 9 fixed along its outer periphery.
Cette hélice de répartition de l'air 9 se prolonge par un ensemble d'aubes de redressement radiales 10 qui sont réparties autour du moyeu de canalisation médian 8; en aval de l'hélice 9 dans le sens de circulation du vent, qui est schématisé par la flèche A. This air distribution propeller 9 is extended by a set of radial straightening vanes 10 which are distributed around the center channel hub 8 ; downstream of the propeller 9 in the direction of wind circulation, which is shown schematically by the arrow A.
Selon les figures 4 et 4a, l'embase de canalisation du vent est constituée par un tube de canalisation du vent 40 qui renferme à sa partie interne un tube rotatif coaxial 1 1 sur lequel sont fixées les pales 12.  According to FIGS. 4 and 4a, the wind channeling base consists of a wind pipe 40 which encloses at its inner part a coaxial rotary pipe 11 on which the blades 12 are fixed.
Selon la figure 4, le tube rotatif coaxial 1 1 est équipé d'un diaphragme médian de forme ovoïdale 8i fixé à celui-ci au moyen de pattes 13 et constituant le moyeu de canalisation médian.  According to FIG. 4, the coaxial rotary tube January 1 is equipped with an ovoid-shaped median diaphragm 8i fixed thereto by means of tabs 13 and constituting the median channeling hub.
Selon la figure 4a, le tube rotatif 1 1 est équipé sur sa péri- phérie interne d'un diaphragme annulaire 14 constituant là encore le moyeu de canalisation médian.  According to Figure 4a, the rotary tube January 1 is equipped on its inner periphery with an annular diaphragm 14 again constituting the center channel hub.
Selon les figures 5 et 5a, l'embase de canalisation du vent est constituée par un tube de canalisation du vent 41 qui renferme à sa partie interne un moyeu ovoïdal convergent/ divergent 15 monté coaxiale- ment qui constitue le moyeu de canalisation médian.  According to FIGS. 5 and 5a, the wind channeling base is constituted by a wind channeling pipe 41 which encloses at its inner part a convergent / divergent ovoid hub 15 mounted coaxially which constitutes the median channeling hub.
Ce moyeu ovoïdal 15 comporte dans le sens de circulation du vent représenté par les flèches A une partie fixe divergente 15i ou stator qui se prolonge par une partie rotative convergente 15a ou rotor sur laquelle sont fixées les pales 121 .  This ovoid hub 15 comprises in the direction of flow of the wind represented by the arrows A a divergent fixed portion 15i or stator which is extended by a convergent rotating portion 15a or rotor on which the blades 121 are fixed.
Le stator 15i est quant à lui équipé d'aubes de redressement radiales 101 .  The stator 15i is in turn equipped with radial straightening vanes 101.
Selon les figures 6 et 6a, le tube de canalisation du vent 41 renferme à sa partie interne un tube rotatif coaxial 16 qui entoure le stator 151 et sur lequel est fixé un second ensemble de pales 122. According to FIGS. 6 and 6a, the wind pipe 41 encloses at its inner part a coaxial rotary tube 16 which surrounds the stator 1 and on which a second set of blades 122 is fixed.
L'éolienne représentée sur les figures 6 et 6a est ainsi équipée d'un double rotor à pales, à savoir un rotor interne similaire à celui représenté sur les figures 5 et 5a et un rotor externe correspondant à une éolienne classique. The wind turbine shown in FIGS. 6 and 6a is thus equipped with a double blade rotor, namely an internal rotor similar to that shown in FIGS. 5 and 5a and an external rotor corresponding to a conventional wind turbine.
N O M E N C L A T U R E NOMENCLATURE
1 Immeuble d'habitation 1 Residential building
2 Etage supérieur  2 Upper floor
3 Eoliennes  3 Wind turbines
4 Embase de canalisation  4 pipe base
5, 5' Cheminée  5, 5 'Fireplace
5" Couronne périphérique  5 "Peripheral Crown
6, 6' Col de la cheminée  6, 6 'Pass of the chimney
7 Entrées d'air  7 Air Inlets
8 Moyeu de canalisation médian 8 Median channel hub
81 Diaphragme médian 8 1 Median diaphragm
9 Hélice de répartition de l'air 9 Propeller of air distribution
10, 101 Aubes de redressement 10, 10 1 Straightening auger
1. 1 Tube rotatif  1. 1 Rotating tube
12, 121 , 122 Pales 12, 12 1 , 12 2 blades
13 Pattes  13 Paws
14 Diaphragme annulaire  14 Ring diaphragm
15 Moyeu ovoïdal  15 Ovoid hub
151 Stator 15 1 Stator
152 Rotor 15 2 Rotor
16 Tube rotatif coaxial  16 Coaxial Rotary Tube
40, 41 Tube de canalisation du vent 40, 41 Wind channeling pipe

Claims

R E V E N D I C A T I O N S R E V E N D I C A T IO N S
1°) Eolienne notamment d'axe vertical implantée au dernier étage (2) d'une habitation (i), en particulier en zone urbaine et munie d'un rotor équipé de pales actionné par le vent entraînant une génératrice pour fournir de l'énergie électrique, cette éolienne comportant une embase de canalisation du vent (4) se prolongeant vers l'extérieur par une cheminée (5'), notamment une cheminée conique divergente au niveau du col (6') de laquelle est logé le rotor, 1 °) Wind turbine particularly of vertical axis located on the last floor (2) of a dwelling (i), in particular in urban area and provided with a rotor equipped with blades driven by the wind driving a generator to provide the electrical energy, this wind turbine having a wind channeling base (4) extending outwardly by a chimney (5 '), in particular a diverging conical chimney at the neck (6') of which the rotor is housed,
caractérisée en ce qu' characterized in that
elle comporte un moyeu de canalisation médian (8) monté à la partie interne du col (6') de la cheminée (5'), it comprises a median channel hub (8) mounted to the inside of the neck (6 ') of the chimney (5'),
2°) Eolienne selon la revendication 1 , 2 °) Wind turbine according to claim 1,
caractérisée en ce que characterized in that
le moyeu de canalisation médian (8) est équipé d'au moins une hélice de répartition de l'air (9) fixée le long de sa périphérie externe. the center pipe hub (8) is equipped with at least one air distribution propeller (9) fixed along its outer periphery.
3°) Eolienne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, 3 °) wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 and 2,
caractérisée en ce que characterized in that
le moyeu de canalisation médian (8) est équipé d'un ensemble d'aubes de redressement radiales (10) réparties autour de ce moyeu. the center pipe hub (8) is equipped with a set of radial straightening vanes (10) distributed around this hub.
4°) Eolienne selon les revendications 2 et 3, 4 °) Wind turbine according to claims 2 and 3,
caractérisée en ce que characterized in that
les aubes de redressement radiales (10) coopèrent avec au moins une hélice de répartition de l'air (9) et sont situées en aval de cette hélice dans le sens de circulation du vent. the radial straightening vanes (10) cooperate with at least one air distribution helix (9) and are situated downstream of this helix in the direction of wind circulation.
5°) Eolienne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, 5 °) wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
caractérisée en ce que characterized in that
le moyeu de canalisation médian (8) est constitué par un élément essentiellement cylindrique. the median channel hub (8) is constituted by a substantially cylindrical element.
6°) Eolienne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, 6 °) wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
caractérisée en ce que characterized in that
l'embase de canalisation du vent est constituée par un tube de canalisation du vent (40) renfermant à sa partie interne un tube rotatif coaxial ( 1 1) sur lequel sont fixées les pales (12) et équipé d'un diaphragme (8u 14) créant un rétrécissement de section et constituant le moyeu de canalisa¬ tion médian. the wind channeling base is constituted by a wind pipe (40) containing at its inner part a coaxial rotary tube (1 1) on which are fixed the blades (12) and equipped with a diaphragm (8u 14 ) creating a narrowing section and constituting the hub for sewerage ¬ median tion.
7°) Eolienne selon Tune quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, 7 °) Wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
caractérisée en ce que characterized in that
l'embase de canalisation du vent est constituée par un tube de canalisation du vent (4 1 ) renfermant à sa partie interne un moyen ovoïdal divergent/convergent ( 15) monté coaxialement, constituant îe moyen de canalisation médian et comportant dans le sens de circulation du vent une partie fixe divergente ou stator ( 15 i) se prolongeant par une partie rotative convergente ou rotor ( 152) sur laquelle sont fixées les pales ( 12i) . the wind channeling base is constituted by a wind pipe (4 1) containing at its inner part a divergent / convergent ovoidal means (15) mounted coaxially, constituting the median channeling means and comprising in the direction of circulation wind a diverging fixed portion or stator (15 i) extending by a convergent rotating portion or rotor (152) on which are fixed the blades (12i).
8°) Eolienne selon la revendication 7, 8 °) Wind turbine according to claim 7,
caractérisée en ce que characterized in that
le stator ( 15 i) est équipé d'aubes de redressement radiales ( 10 i ) . the stator (15 i) is equipped with radial straightening vanes (10 i).
9°) Eolienne selon la revendication 7, 9 °) Wind turbine according to claim 7,
caractérisée en ce que characterized in that
le tube de canalisation du vent (4 1 ) renferme à sa partie interne un tube rotatif coaxial ( 16) entourant le stator ( 15 i) et sur lequel est fixé un second ensemble de pales ( 122) . the wind pipe (4 1) contains at its inner part a coaxial rotary tube (16) surrounding the stator (15 i) and on which is fixed a second set of blades (12 2 ).
EP10805805A 2009-12-21 2010-12-14 Wind turbine set up on the last floor of a residence, in particular in an urban area Withdrawn EP2516847A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0959278A FR2954416B1 (en) 2009-12-21 2009-12-21 WINDMILL IMPLANTED ON THE LAST FLOOR OF A HOUSE, ESPECIALLY IN URBAN AREA
PCT/FR2010/052720 WO2011083236A1 (en) 2009-12-21 2010-12-14 Wind turbine set up on the last floor of a residence, in particular in an urban area

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2516847A1 true EP2516847A1 (en) 2012-10-31

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10805805A Withdrawn EP2516847A1 (en) 2009-12-21 2010-12-14 Wind turbine set up on the last floor of a residence, in particular in an urban area

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Country Link
US (1) US20130058758A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2516847A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2784154A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2954416B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011083236A1 (en)

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FR3106162B1 (en) 2020-01-13 2022-12-02 Pierre Lecanu Aero-generator positioned at the level of the acroterion and operating from the pressure difference created by the wind circulating around a building to recover energy.

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FR2954416A1 (en) 2011-06-24
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CA2784154A1 (en) 2011-07-14
FR2954416B1 (en) 2012-08-10

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