EP2516730A1 - Technologie de recyclage - Google Patents

Technologie de recyclage

Info

Publication number
EP2516730A1
EP2516730A1 EP10807638A EP10807638A EP2516730A1 EP 2516730 A1 EP2516730 A1 EP 2516730A1 EP 10807638 A EP10807638 A EP 10807638A EP 10807638 A EP10807638 A EP 10807638A EP 2516730 A1 EP2516730 A1 EP 2516730A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slurry
heating
fibres
wood material
wood
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10807638A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2516730B1 (fr
Inventor
Arthur James New
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MDFR NATURAL FIBRES LIMITED
Original Assignee
MDFR Natural Fibres Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MDFR Natural Fibres Ltd filed Critical MDFR Natural Fibres Ltd
Priority to RS20161196A priority Critical patent/RS55554B1/sr
Priority to PL10807638T priority patent/PL2516730T3/pl
Priority to SI201031365A priority patent/SI2516730T1/sl
Publication of EP2516730A1 publication Critical patent/EP2516730A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2516730B1 publication Critical patent/EP2516730B1/fr
Priority to HRP20170004TT priority patent/HRP20170004T1/hr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/06—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
    • D21B1/061—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods using cutting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/06—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
    • D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the recycling of engineered wood materials such as fibre boards and particle boards. More specifically, the invention relates to recovery of the constituent wood fibres from waste engineered wood materials for re-use as a substitute for virgin wood fibre. This invention does not relate to pulping processes that recover fibre from lignocellulosic materials for paper or cardboard production.
  • Wood based composite fibre boards and particle boards are commonly used as raw materials for furniture manufacture, joinery, shop fitting and construction. They are mass produced in many parts of the world (upwards of 22 million tonnes annually). They typically comprise a matrix of refined timber fibres, wood chips or shavings bonded together under high pressure and temperature, usually with the addition of a resin or adhesive. Most prominent of these panel types are medium density fibre board (MDF) and high density fibre board (HDF).
  • MDF medium density fibre board
  • HDF high density fibre board
  • Fibre boards and particle boards are fit for purpose but do not lend themselves readily to effective recycling. Over 170,000 tonnes of MDF is thought to enter the waste stream yearly in the UK from primary and secondary processing activity (commercial and industrial waste streams). Significantly greater amounts when post consumer waste is taken into account.
  • slurry is used throughout this document to describe material that consists of a water and board mixture that ranges from small pieces of wet solid board through to individual wood fibres held in water.
  • engineered wood material is used to describe material such as fibre board and particle board that has been constituted by artificially bonding together fibres, chips or other small particles of timber.
  • the present invention is a method to recover the constituent wood fibres from waste and rejected engineered wood materials, preferably in a continuous process, such that the fibre recovered is of sufficient quality to be recycled into / reused within the fibre board manufacturing industry (as a substitute for virgin wood fibre) and other end use applications including but not limited to insulation materials, fillers for plastic / cement composites, spill absorbents and horticultural growth media.
  • the method employs (i) the addition of water with or without additives to a mass of waste composite engineered wood material and (ii) the application of ohmic (conductive) heating to that same mass.
  • ohmic heating is the uniform and penetrative heating effect generated by this technique without burning or charring the wood fibres.
  • the waste material is preferentially mechanically broken down (shredded) before heat application or water addition to aid process efficiency. Further mechanical disruption of the board material is applied to the water board slurry before drying of the fibres takes place. Surface agents may be employed to accelerate the impregnation of the fibre board pieces by the added water. Electrolytes maybe added to the water to optimise conductivity and improve heating efficiency.
  • the method employs a use of high temperatures in the range of 30°C to 99°C (and preferably in the range of 80°C to 99°C) on a slurry (mix) of water and engineered wood material.
  • the application of high temperature using ohmic heating reduces the adhesive (both added resin and natural lignin) bonding between the lignocellulosic elements thus allowing the constituent wood fibres to be readily separated from each other.
  • the method preferably further employs the use of a continuous system.
  • the method may further employ the use of elevated temperatures (above 100°C) in a pressurised ohmic heating module.
  • the method may further employ the use of rapid de-pressurisation, via a high pressure nozzle (or array of nozzles), as an aid to drying of the recovered fibres.
  • a fibre separation effect is also induced during de-pressurisation which aids materials handling and facilitates more efficient supplementary drying if required.
  • This drying method may operate either as a result of rapid de-pressurisation from a pressurised ohmic heating module or be employed as a subsequent independent pressure sub-system within a continuous process line that utilises ohmic heating at ambient pressure.
  • the invention is important from a sustainable development perspective as it offers the potential for reducing the environmental burden of an important element of the timber products supply chain whilst generating added value to, and prolonging the service life of, long length wood fibres.
  • the method according to this invention is capable of separating commonly found surface finishes from the wood fibre element of the engineered wood product. These finishes are used during or after production as a means of adding value to 'commodity' products such as fibre board. These finishes typically include veneer, paper foil, paint or other type of 'laminate' and have to be removed before the recovered wood fibre can be reused. This invention addresses that requirement. Options exist to pre-treat the waste utilising mechanical methods such as sanding, high pressure water jetting or planing.
  • flotation separation including froth separation
  • Alternative (or additional) separation can be achieved via the use of air separation technologies (such as cyclonic separators) during or after drying of the fibres has taken place.
  • This invention has global application in that composite boards are widely manufactured and used. It will provide a new source of raw material for the production of composite boards such as MDF, which are currently highly sensitive to the use of recycled timber feed stocks.
  • the fibre recovered from this process will be of comparable 'quality' to that of the virgin wood fibres produced from chips or logs by the typically employed refining process.
  • the fibres resultant from this inventive process can be applied in a flexible manner in terms of their physical characteristics; length, moisture content etc can be controlled.
  • the effective manner in which this invention allows for wood fibre to be recycled is important at this time because it reduces the demand for virgin timber, a scarce natural resource.
  • This technology allows for the recovery of wood fibres from waste engineered wood material such that the recovered fibres remain of suitable quality for the re-introduction into fibre board or other manufacture. This process is repeatable in that fibre board manufactured with recovered fibre content can itself be recycled when appropriate. This offers
  • this invention allows for the continuous recovery of high volumes of wood fibre from waste engineered wood material thus allowing the recovered fibre to be introduced directly into the MDF manufacturing process. This is a significant advantage over 'batch' processing, which would be unable to supply recovered fibre in a manner suited to manufacturing throughputs ranging from 10 tonnes - 40 tonnes per hour.
  • This invention also allows for flexibility and control of the moisture content of the recovered fibres, therefore offering multiple entry points into the fibre board manufacturing process line (which can vary between plants). Recovered fibres can also be dried and baled for more efficient storage and use in alternative application markets.
  • This invention differs from the invention disclosed in international patent application WO 03/026859 Al, whereby waste board material is processed in a low volume batch fashion using a chemo-thermo-mechanical process.
  • This invention incorporates an optional high pressure pumping unit into which the ohmic heating elements can be integrated.
  • the unit may alternatively form a discrete module after the ohmic heating has been applied.
  • the rapid release of pressure from this unit via a high pressure nozzle array designed to permit the passage of the water and suspended wood fibre allows for instant evaporation of a substantial portion of the inherent moisture contained within and between the wood fibres.
  • a fibre separation effect is also witnessed. This drying effect is achieved at a relatively low energy and cost burden. Supplementary drying may also be required or desirable dependent on the application for the recovered fibre.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic of the preferred process for recovering wood fibre from waste fibre board.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS MDF and other engineered wood material waste can be categorised into two distinct types - that which is unfinished i.e. has no surface coating applied (raw board) or that which is finished i.e. has a veneer, foil, paint or other form of laminate applied to the surface and /or edges.
  • This invention is capable of processing these wastes together i.e. mixed waste streams of both finished and unfinished material being treated simultaneously or by diverting finished waste material via an initial 'cleaning' module where the surface finish is removed via mechanical means
  • Each waste recovery processing plant is likely to operate a specification for incoming waste material dependent on the commercial activity within its catchment area e.g. cluster of furniture manufacturers or a major retailer's distribution centre (where waste materials may be received after back hauling from multiple outlets).
  • a mechanical breakdown module (1.1) will form the beginning of this invention with shredding the most likely operation to be employed.
  • the removal of surface finishes is best achieved by shredding material to a relatively uniform size, each piece having approximate dimensions of 80mm x 80mm.
  • ohmic heating is most efficient when the average size of the shredded fibre board pieces is less than 20mm x 20mm. This allows for a more even distribution of interstitial water across the ohmic heater cavity. Taking into account these variations, the optimum waste piece size parameters have been established as between 25mm x 25mm and 45mm x 45mm. Removal of metallic or other solid
  • the material is then fed into a dipping tank (1.5) which contains hot water at a temperature above 30°C with the optimum operational range of between 80°C and 99°C.
  • the purpose of this module is to allow the fibre board waste to absorb sufficient volume of water so as to allow conductive heating to operate efficiently and predictably.
  • the water may contain added surfactants to enhance or accelerate the wetting of the fibre board.
  • the water may also contain added salts (for example NaCI in a 0.05M solution) to enhance the conductivity of the resulting slurry.
  • the initial shredding (1.1) allows for greater surface area of fibre board to be exposed to the water when immersed in the dipping tank therefore reducing the time required for sufficient absorption to take place. It is preferable to limit the water uptake to the minimum required so as to reduce the cost and energy involved in removing it again later in the process.
  • moisture uptake will be optimised between the higher moisture content required to maximise ohmic heating efficiency and the lower moisture content to minimise the energy required to dry the processed fibres.
  • the moisture content of the fibre board may be increased from approximately 8% wwb (wet weight basis / total weight) to approximately 70% wwb.
  • the waste material is then conveyed into a continuous feed hopper which introduces the fibre board pieces to the ohmic heating module (1.6).
  • the ohmic heater will allow for rapid and homogenous heat absorption into the fibre board pieces.
  • the feed into this module will be controlled by a plug screw, displacement pump or similar device which maintains a constant throughput.
  • the plug screw also acts as a seal to ensure that no unwanted release occurs from the heating module which may be operating under raised (above atmospheric) pressure.
  • a high pressure displacement pump may be employed to raise the internal pressure of this module preferably to between 1.0 atmosphere and 20 atmospheres (to prevent boiling) dependent on the process temperature requirements.
  • the heating module will typically take the form of an angled insulated cylindrical vessel between 0.2m and 20m in length with a diameter of between 50mm and 500mm. Based on a typical throughput rate of five tonnes per hour of waste fibre board, these dimensions would be approximately 15m in length with a diameter of 220mm. This would allow the slurry to remain in the heating module for a period of a few minutes: typically about 3 minutes depending on the operating temperature.
  • Electrodes are situated on the inside of the process vessel in a shaped array of two or more electrodes that is configured to maximise the heating and penetrative potential of the system.
  • the shaped array is customised to flow rates, power requirements and conductivity of the slurry and can be controlled to optimise heater temperature for given throughputs, input temperatures and conductance of the slurry.
  • the ohmic heater will typically operate in the range of 20KW to 1500KW.
  • the slurry is maintained at a temperature of at least 50°C and preferably at least 90°C while it remains in the vessel. If the vessel is pressurized, the operating temperature may be increased up to 160°C.
  • the material may exit from the ohmic heater via a water column or tower in order to maintain the pressure within the heater.
  • the material After passing through the ohmic heater, the material may still contain loose 'clumps' (clusters or bundles) of un-separated fibres. The material may therefore require some additional agitation to reach a completely homogeneous state.
  • 'De-clumping' or de-agglomeration may be achieved by feeding the material into a rotating cylinder that may or may not be warmed.
  • the rotating cylinder may also be used to selectively capture remaining pieces of waste laminate.
  • An airflow system may also be used that introduces physical barriers to the free passage of fibres. This will achieve the effect of liberating the individual fibres from the remaining clumps at this stage.
  • the material post de-clumping is dried (1.7). Following drying any remaining pieces of waste laminate may be removed in an air cyclone prior to baling and packing of the recovered fibres (1.8). Alternatively, the recovered fibres may be fed immediately into a further manufacturing process at the same location.
  • de-clumping of fibres is achieved via mechanical agitation, typically by the use of an in-line ribbon blender module. Flotation separation techniques may be applied to remove any residual waste laminate. This is followed by mechanical de-watering of the slurry. After mechanical de-watering the material is subject to de-clumping and drying. De-clumping or de-agglomeration and subsequent processes may then be carried out as previously described. Where the liquid slurry is still under pressure it may be pumped into one of two (or more) pressure vessels which are alternately isolated from the continuous system once full.
  • the slurry is pumped through a spray nozzle array where a sudden and explosive pressure release occurs which 'blows apart' the friable matrix of each waste fibre board piece such that individual constituent fibres are released.
  • the material post spraying is further dried as required. Following drying any remaining pieces of waste laminate may be removed in an air cyclone.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de recyclage de panneaux de bois transformés tels qu'un panneau de fibres consistant à récupérer les fibres de bois constitutives pour les réutiliser comme substitut de la fibre de bois vierge. Les panneaux de bois sont broyés et mélangés à de l'eau dans le but de former une bouillie, que l'on chauffe ensuite en y faisant passer un courant électrique pour affaiblir la liaison entre les fibres de bois. Le chauffage peut être réalisé à une pression supérieure à la pression atmosphérique. Après le chauffage, la bouillie peut être rapidement dépressurisée, par exemple par pulvérisation à travers une buse, pour sécher et séparer les fibres. L'invention concerne également un appareil de mise en oeuvre du procédé en tant que processus continu.
EP10807638.1A 2009-12-22 2010-12-22 Technologie de recyclage Active EP2516730B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RS20161196A RS55554B1 (sr) 2009-12-22 2010-12-22 Tehnologija reciklaže
PL10807638T PL2516730T3 (pl) 2009-12-22 2010-12-22 Technologia recyklingu
SI201031365A SI2516730T1 (sl) 2009-12-22 2010-12-22 Tehnologija recikliranja
HRP20170004TT HRP20170004T1 (hr) 2009-12-22 2017-01-03 Tehnologija reciklaže

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0922364A GB2476465B (en) 2009-12-22 2009-12-22 Recycling Technology
PCT/GB2010/052191 WO2011077155A1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2010-12-22 Technologie de recyclage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2516730A1 true EP2516730A1 (fr) 2012-10-31
EP2516730B1 EP2516730B1 (fr) 2016-10-05

Family

ID=41717355

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10807638.1A Active EP2516730B1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2010-12-22 Technologie de recyclage

Country Status (16)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2516730B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101365923B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112012015362B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2516730T3 (fr)
EA (1) EA021142B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2610204T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB2476465B (fr)
HR (1) HRP20170004T1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE030142T2 (fr)
LT (1) LT2516730T (fr)
MY (1) MY154712A (fr)
PL (1) PL2516730T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2516730T (fr)
RS (1) RS55554B1 (fr)
SI (1) SI2516730T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011077155A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL418314A1 (pl) * 2016-08-12 2018-02-26 3S Logistyka Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością Spółka Komandytowa Klocek paletowy i sposób jego wytwarzania
IT201600092718A1 (it) * 2016-09-16 2018-03-16 Rolando Ippoliti Procedura e dispositivo per il riutilizzo e la colorazione di legno anche nello stato di decomposizione
WO2021074446A1 (fr) * 2019-10-17 2021-04-22 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Procédé destiné à permettre le recyclage d'un panneau
BE1028121B1 (nl) 2020-03-03 2021-10-06 Unilin Proces voor de productie van spaanplaat of houtvezelplaat
CN111534893A (zh) * 2020-05-09 2020-08-14 广东华凯科技股份有限公司 一种中底边料的回收处理方法及其回收系统
DE102021102097A1 (de) 2021-01-29 2022-08-04 Guido Schulte Verfahren zum Recyceln eines mehrlagigen Paneels
KR20240046782A (ko) 2021-08-31 2024-04-09 유니린 비브이 목재 섬유보드의 제조 방법
BE1029722B1 (nl) 2021-08-31 2023-03-28 Flooring Ind Ltd Sarl Proces voor de productie van houtvezelplaat
GB2615837A (en) 2022-03-15 2023-08-23 Mdf Recovery Ltd Method and apparatus for recovering fibres

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MY154712A (en) 2015-07-15
GB2476465A (en) 2011-06-29
EA201290561A1 (ru) 2013-01-30
BR112012015362A2 (pt) 2020-09-15
GB0922364D0 (en) 2010-02-03
EA021142B1 (ru) 2015-04-30
KR20120106837A (ko) 2012-09-26
GB2476465B (en) 2011-11-23
DK2516730T3 (en) 2017-01-23
RS55554B1 (sr) 2017-05-31
HRP20170004T1 (hr) 2017-03-10
EP2516730B1 (fr) 2016-10-05
ES2610204T3 (es) 2017-04-26
HUE030142T2 (en) 2017-04-28
PL2516730T3 (pl) 2017-08-31
BR112012015362B1 (pt) 2021-03-02
PT2516730T (pt) 2017-01-10
LT2516730T (lt) 2017-01-25
KR101365923B1 (ko) 2014-02-20
SI2516730T1 (sl) 2017-02-28
WO2011077155A1 (fr) 2011-06-30

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