EP2510199A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion de matières carbonées - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion de matières carbonées

Info

Publication number
EP2510199A1
EP2510199A1 EP10787030A EP10787030A EP2510199A1 EP 2510199 A1 EP2510199 A1 EP 2510199A1 EP 10787030 A EP10787030 A EP 10787030A EP 10787030 A EP10787030 A EP 10787030A EP 2510199 A1 EP2510199 A1 EP 2510199A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
gas
combustion step
oxidation device
oxidation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10787030A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hanno Tautz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP2510199A1 publication Critical patent/EP2510199A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/40—Gasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
    • F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/001—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for thermal power plants or industrial processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for combustion of a carbonaceous
  • Feedstock using technically pure oxygen as the oxidant Feedstock using technically pure oxygen as the oxidant.
  • the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method.
  • Boiler house with the water tube boiler housed therein. in case of a
  • the boiler house has a floor area of at least 22x22m 2 a height of at least 120m, since alone the reaction space has a vertical extent of 70-80 m.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method of the type described above and an apparatus for its implementation, by which the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome.
  • the object is procedurally achieved according to the invention in that the combustion is carried out in at least two steps, wherein in one
  • Combustion step produced product gas cooled and in another
  • Combustion step is used as fuel. So that the product gas produced in one combustion step in another
  • Combustion step can be used as a fuel, it is necessary that the product gas contains oxidizable substances. This is achieved by the
  • Product gas at substoichiometric conditions i. is produced with an amount of oxygen which is insufficient to completely oxidize all oxidizable constituents.
  • Combustion used an amount of oxygen that is large enough to completely convert the oxidizable substances present in the feedstock in the gas phase, these substances are not completely or at least partially oxidized, however.
  • a coolant can be introduced into the reaction space, which absorbs a portion of the energy released during the oxidation.
  • the amount of coolant which is preferably water and / or carbon dioxide, is such that the maximum allowable
  • the amount of coolant here is between 0 and 150%, preferably between 0 and 100% and particularly preferably between 0 and 50% of the amount of the carbonaceous starting material.
  • the first combustion step is carried out with the supply of a coolant, wherein in the following combustion step or the subsequent combustion steps of the supplied fuel is reacted exclusively with technically pure oxygen.
  • Combustion temperatures are determined primarily by the amount of technically pure oxygen, which is such that the maximum allowable temperatures in the respective reaction space or in the downstream of the
  • Combustion step produced product gas is cooled and divided into at least two partial streams, wherein one of the partial streams is fed as fuel in the next combustion step, while the other or the part streams as
  • the inventive method is for the combustion of a variety
  • carbonaceous feedstocks suitable are carbonaceous feedstocks suitable.
  • a carbonaceous feed is burned, the coal and / or oil and / or natural gas and / or biomass and / or carbonaceous waste and / or residues.
  • the last combustion step is carried out so that the oxidizable substances contained in the fuel used are completely oxidized.
  • the resulting product gas is thus a flue gas consisting essentially of carbon dioxide and water.
  • Sequestration is supplied.
  • Preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention provide that product gas produced in a combustion step is cooled in indirect heat exchange with water and / or steam or thermal oil or cooling gas.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that a combustion step is carried out at a pressure which is higher than the atmospheric pressure. If the flue gas generated in the last combustion step is obtained at a pressure above atmospheric pressure, an embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the flue gas is expanded in a wet steam turbine in order to produce electric current. In the flue gas contained water is partially condensed during the relaxation.
  • the invention relates to a device for combustion of a
  • Feeders for the carbonaceous feed and a
  • the object is achieved device-side according to the invention in that they have at least two oxidation devices, each with associated
  • Heat exchangers wherein produced in an oxidation device and in Product gas cooled downstream of an associated heat exchanger can be introduced downstream as fuel into another oxidation device.
  • an oxidizing device comprises at least one fuel supply device and at least one oxidant supply device and one or more reaction chambers, in or in which one
  • Oxidation reaction is feasible.
  • the walls of a reaction space are made of refractory material and / or they are designed as heat exchangers, can be removed via the heat from the reaction space and transferred to a heat transfer medium.
  • the oxidation device is designed as a tube, via one end of which fuel can be removed and via the other end of which product gas can be removed.
  • a reaction space is designed as a heat exchanger passage.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the first oxidation device in the flow direction with a
  • Feeding device is equipped, via the coal and / or oil and / or natural gas and / or biomass and / or carbonaceous waste and residual materials as feeds are fed to a reaction space.
  • gaseous fuel which consists of or comprises a synthesis gas produced in an upstream oxidation means.
  • each oxidation device has at least one supply device, via which technically pure oxygen can be introduced as an oxidizing agent into a reaction chamber.
  • a heat exchanger assigned to an oxidation device is usefully a recuperator.
  • heat carrier it is designed as a water or gas preheater or as an evaporator or superheat exchanger.
  • Heat exchanger surfaces are significantly reduced compared to the prior art. If the invention is used to generate process steam, a portion of the heat of condensation from the exhaust gas can also be used at high pressure to preheat the boiler feedwater. To compress the separated carbon dioxide to a typical discharge pressure less energy is required. Since at most in the first combustion step, a coolant must be supplied, the yield of high-temperature heat is significantly increased, so that with a carbonaceous feed a higher efficiency in the generation of electrical energy can be achieved, as is currently
  • the exemplary embodiment shows the steam generator of a coal power plant, in which the coal used is completely converted in four combustion steps. The resulting heat is used to generate superheated steam, whose energy is converted into electricity.
  • the coolant is preferably carbon monoxide and / or water or water vapor.
  • the coal combustion is carried out stoichiometrically, so that although the gasified gas, but their components are only partially oxidized.
  • the resulting product gas which is actually a synthesis gas, thus consists to a considerable extent of combustible substances, in particular of carbon monoxide.
  • the sizes of the oxygen stream 2 and the coolant stream 3 are such that the coal 1 is completely gasified and at the same time a flue gas can be withdrawn via line 4 at a temperature which, although high, does not cause problems in downstream devices.
  • the hot product gas 4 is in the designed as a superheater heat exchanger E1 against Steam 5 cooled, which is supplied as superheated steam 6 a steam turbine (not shown) for generating electricity.
  • the cooled product gas stream 7 is passed on as fuel gas into the oxidation device B2, in which it is mixed with technically pure oxygen 8, which is also in
  • the resulting product gas 9 is cooled in the heat exchanger E2 against water or steam 10 before it is introduced as fuel gas 11 in the oxidation device B3.
  • technically pure oxygen 12 is supplied in substoichiometric amount, whereby the product gas withdrawn via line 13 also contains oxidizable substances.
  • the product gas 13 is cooled in the heat exchanger E3 against water 1 and fed as fuel 15 of the oxidizer B4, fed into the line 16 via technically pure oxygen in an amount by which the fuel 15 is completely oxidized.
  • the resulting flue gas 17 is cooled in the heat exchanger E4 against fresh water 18. In this case, the dew point of the water contained in the flue gas 17 is reached, which is therefore at least partially condensed and discharged via line 19.
  • Condensation stage which is not shown here, more water can be condensed out, so that the cooled flue gas stream 20 largely consists of carbon dioxide.
  • the cooled flue gas stream 20 is compressed and can be fed via line 21 to a sequestration (not shown). Part 3 of the compressed carbon dioxide can be recycled and used as feedstock in the
  • Combustion chamber B1 are initiated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé ainsi qu'un dispositif permettant la combustion d'une matière de départ (1) carbonée au moyen d'oxygène techniquement pur en tant qu'agent oxydant (2, 8, 12, 16). La combustion est effectuée en au moins deux étapes successives (B1, B2, B3, B4), le produit gazeux (4, 9, 13) obtenu lors d'une étape de combustion étant refroidi et étant utilisé comme combustible (7, 11, 15) lors de l'étape de combustion suivante.
EP10787030A 2009-12-11 2010-12-02 Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion de matières carbonées Withdrawn EP2510199A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910057893 DE102009057893A1 (de) 2009-12-11 2009-12-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung kohlenstoffhaltiger Stoffe
PCT/EP2010/007328 WO2011069617A1 (fr) 2009-12-11 2010-12-02 Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion de matières carbonées

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2510199A1 true EP2510199A1 (fr) 2012-10-17

Family

ID=43639946

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10787030A Withdrawn EP2510199A1 (fr) 2009-12-11 2010-12-02 Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion de matières carbonées

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2510199A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009057893A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011069617A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010033635A1 (de) 2010-08-06 2012-02-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Reaktivwärmetauscher

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5572861A (en) * 1995-04-12 1996-11-12 Shao; Yulin S cycle electric power system
WO2004027220A1 (fr) * 2002-09-17 2004-04-01 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Nouveau cycle hybride de gazeification du charbon utilisant un fluide de travail recycle

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2011069617A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011069617A1 (fr) 2011-06-16
DE102009057893A1 (de) 2011-06-16

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