EP2507577B1 - Selectable bolt and/or ammunition drive - Google Patents

Selectable bolt and/or ammunition drive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2507577B1
EP2507577B1 EP10784701.4A EP10784701A EP2507577B1 EP 2507577 B1 EP2507577 B1 EP 2507577B1 EP 10784701 A EP10784701 A EP 10784701A EP 2507577 B1 EP2507577 B1 EP 2507577B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
breech
drive
connecting rod
drive according
ammunition
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EP10784701.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2507577A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Buhl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Publication of EP2507577A1 publication Critical patent/EP2507577A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A7/00—Auxiliary mechanisms for bringing the breech-block or bolt or the barrel to the starting position before automatic firing; Drives for externally-powered guns; Remote-controlled gun chargers
    • F41A7/08—Drives for externally-powered guns, i.e. drives for moving the breech-block or bolt by an external force during automatic firing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/50—External power or control systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a selectively switchable closure and / or ammunition drive for supplying an ammunition / cartridge in a chamber of a gun barrel, with which in certain cases, the supply of the closure and / or ammunition can be prevented from closing while continuing the weapon drive ,
  • a selectively switchable closure and / or ammunition drive for supplying an ammunition / cartridge in a chamber of a gun barrel, with which in certain cases, the supply of the closure and / or ammunition can be prevented from closing while continuing the weapon drive .
  • Such a possibility must be provided inter alia for the cases in which no shutter movement may take place, for example, when the weapon is to be ammunitioned or ammunition is selected, which is located in the ammunition magazine or belt member further back.
  • a cartridge is presented to a closure and spent with the help of the shutter movement the cartridge in the gun barrel.
  • the shutter movement is based on downtime, in which the shutter must not be moved.
  • the DE 10 2007 054 470 A proposes for a linear feed of a closure to the gun barrel or cartridge chamber, to incorporate a straight guide in the drive kinematics.
  • a means is guided, which is constructively connected to the closure.
  • the guide groove is in turn surrounded by a circumferential forced guide, which in turn interprets the necessary stoppage times of the shutter during locking, firing, unlocking in its forward position and reloading, after which the shutter has been guided to its rear position.
  • a drive means for the closure Within the positive guide another means is performed as a drive means for the closure.
  • the drive transmission can be realized by casters, gears or the like, which are driven by a motor, etc. The drive itself continues to run within the downtime of the weapon.
  • the DE 30 21 179 A1 discloses a clutch mechanism having a drive shaft and an output shaft for use in a firearm. This mechanism in turn is able to couple the drive with a load or decouple the load.
  • the invention therefore arises, starting from the DE 3021179 A1 , the task to show a construction for the selective switching on and off of the respective drive from the weapon system.
  • the weapon is small build, is provided in the particular embodiment, a rear locking of the closure, since thereby the Zu210weg the ammunition can be made shorter. It falls away the otherwise necessary for a front lock space that would have to go through the ammunition until it reaches the chamber.
  • other closure designs are also possible, the selective switching on and off of the drives not depending on the locking type itself.
  • the closure guide with the necessary downtime is created by cams, between which a (control) is involved, which in turn is operatively connected to the closure carrier or directly to the closure.
  • a (control) which in turn is operatively connected to the closure carrier or directly to the closure.
  • This is a so-called weapon-resistant control cam for the shutter and around a locking curve for locking the closure.
  • the arms-tight control cam which is preferably integrated below the closure for the supply of the closure, cooperates with a first, longer connecting rod of the cam disc of the closure drive.
  • the connecting rod is attached / integrated with its rear end or bolt on / in the cam disc. With its front end (viewed in the direction of the weft), the connecting rod engages via teeth on a weapon-proof rack and on the slider of the closure carrier. In this case, a better transmission ratio for the shutter movement can be set.
  • short connecting rod is involved, which engages on the one hand in the slide and on the other hand means, whereby a functional connection between the gun-fixed control cam and the closure support or the closure is provided.
  • there are two roles wherein the lower roller in the arm-fixed control cam and the upper roller engage in a transverse groove in the closure carrier.
  • the zero position (closure of the closure) is integrated, in the locking curve, which is integrated in the closure carrier circumferentially, the downtime of the closure is defined during the firing position.
  • the ammunition feed is moved via the common drive.
  • a cooperating with this cam stepper with roller star then transmits this movement on a feed star, through which the ammunition is known to be placed in front of the shutter.
  • the feed star in turn performs a movement and brings a new ammunition in front of the shutter, the empty cartridge case in the belt member, etc. This is clocked by the step gear.
  • the common drive preferably consists of two, synchronizable, provided for example with an external toothing (curves) discs or wheels.
  • a separately drivable shift drum is integrated, which in turn can bring means into engagement or take-off with the respective drive.
  • This means can be an upper and lower 3-speed dog clutch.
  • the shift drum has circumferentially curves in which elements are guided, by means of which the means can positively and non-positively engage in the drives or release them, whereby the respective drive can be switched on or off.
  • a weapon is characterized in the figures, which is characterized by the straight line of a closure 2.1 or closure carrier 2 for feeding an ammunition 3 into a chamber 4 of a weapon barrel of the weapon 1.
  • a rear Verrieglung the shutter 2.1 is provided.
  • the closure 2.1 is frontally designed so that it engage in the groove of the sleeve bottom 4.1 of the cartridge or ammunition 3 and lead them forward into the chamber 4 and after taking the shot back from the chamber 4 and can place in a feed star.
  • the Lid réelle to the chamber 4 of the gun barrel 1 itself is achieved through the sleeve of the ammunition 3.
  • each of these external teeth 7, 8 engages a gear with teeth 9 and 10, for example, driven by an external drive 11 réelle.werden.
  • the gears 9, 10 are in turn carried by a driven by the external drive 11 shaft 22.
  • the supply of the closure 2.1 or closure carrier 2 takes place by means of the weapon system integrated scenes and guides for the feeding and downtime.
  • means 17, 18 which can engage in the gears 9 or 10 (or in neither of) positively and non-positively.
  • a separately drivable shift drum 12 through which the drives 5, 6 are selectively connectable (see Fig. 2 ).
  • the shift drum 12 have curves 15, in which so-called shift sleeves 13, 14 are guided, which in turn move the means, here jaw clutches 17, 18.
  • Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the drive 5, 6 from below.
  • a step gear 20 is incorporated, here a disc step transmission, with a complementary disc pair with locking and switching angle and a roller star 21 has.
  • the roller star 21 is set in motion by the curves of the disk pair and is functionally tuned with the drive shaft of the ammunition feed to the feed star 19.
  • the switching angle is determined by the part of the curve that causes the rotation of the roller star 21 by one step
  • the locking angle is determined by the part of the curve in which, despite rotation of the curve of the roller 21 does not change its position.
  • Fig. 4 shows in a plan view of the disc 5, in which a long connecting rod 26 is integrated and functionally connected thereto.
  • the long connecting rod 26 is used to convert the rotational movement of the disc 5 in a linear shutter movement and thus to the actual Movement of the closure / closure support 2 in cooperation with a short connecting rod 25.
  • the long connecting rod 26 is attached with its rear end or bolt on / in the cam 5 / integrated. With its front end (seen in the weft direction), the connecting rod 26 engages via a toothing 28 (FIG. Fig. 5 ) to a weapon-proof rack 29 and a slider 27 of the closure carrier 2 at.
  • a better transmission ratio for example, 1: 2
  • This has the advantage that the diameter of the crankcase (discs 5 + 6) can be made smaller by half than in a 1: 1 transmission. This is associated with a lower weight.
  • the short connecting rod 25 is held on the one hand in the slide 27 and guided with this. On the other hand, the short connecting rod 25 engages in one above the connecting rod 25 and below the closure carrier 2 (FIG. Fig. 5 ).
  • the short connecting rod 25 is guided in a gun-fixed control cam 30 and takes on displacement of the slider 27 by the long connecting rod 26 due to the engagement in the transverse groove 31 the lock carrier 2 to the rear or to the front. In the rear end position, the so-called dead center of the feed, the connecting rod 25 is pivotable. This makes it possible that the lock carrier 2 in this rear position when the ammunition 3 is supplied, can stop (downtime), while the system or the slider 27 is still a small way on.
  • control cam 30 has an end point 30.1, into which the connecting rod 25 is pushed. Due to the pivotability of the slide 27 can continue despite the end point 30.1 in the cam 30 below this. This construction realizes the shut-down time of the closure - back - in which the ammunition loading takes place.
  • Lock carrier 2 and closure 2.1 are structurally connected to one another via a catch 33, which is functionally fixedly connected to the closure 2.1.
  • the locking of the shutter 2.1 is realized by a further, integrated in the lock carrier 2 locking curve 32 (groove), in which the driver 33 can escape to close.
  • the shutter 2.1 is guided by a (gun housing) fixed part 40.
  • the closure carrier 2 is guided further over the upper curve into a locking curve 32, which is preferably integrated above the closure carrier 2 in order to be able to lock the closure 2.1 in / on the part 40 (locking lugs 41 in FIG Fig. 2 ).
  • For locking then runs the cam 33 from the curve 32.1 in a locking path 32.2 of the locking cam 32.
  • a floating (return-receiving) storage for the closure 2.1 is realized in the firing position ( Fig. 6 ).
  • the shift drum 12 brings in the event of shutdown or removal of the ammunition feeder 6 from the system, the jaw clutch 18 from the toothing or the gear 10. There is no more power transmission from the gear 10 to the drive 6. The shutter drive 5 is still switched. By advancing the shift drum 12, the dog clutch 18 can be brought back into frictional engagement with the teeth 10, so that the ammunition feed 6 is switched on again.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen selektiv zuschaltbaren Verschluss- und / oder Munitionsantrieb für das Zuführen einer Munition / Patrone in ein Patronenlager eines Waffenrohres, mit welchem in gewissen Fällen die Zuführung des Verschlusses und / oder die einer Munition vor den Verschluss unterbunden werden kann bei Weiterlaufen des Waffenantriebs. Eine derartige Möglichkeit muss unter anderem für die Fälle vorgesehen werden, in denen keine Verschlussbewegung erfolgen darf, beispielsweise dann, wenn die Waffe aufmunitioniert werden soll oder eine Munition angewählt wird, die im Munitionsmagazin bzw. Gurtglied weiter hinten liegt.The invention relates to a selectively switchable closure and / or ammunition drive for supplying an ammunition / cartridge in a chamber of a gun barrel, with which in certain cases, the supply of the closure and / or ammunition can be prevented from closing while continuing the weapon drive , Such a possibility must be provided inter alia for the cases in which no shutter movement may take place, for example, when the weapon is to be ammunitioned or ammunition is selected, which is located in the ammunition magazine or belt member further back.

Bekanntlich wird eine Patrone einem Verschluss vorlegt und mit Hilfe der Verschlussbewegung die Patrone in das Waffenrohr verbracht. Die Verschlussbewegung basiert dabei auf Stillstandzeiten, in denen der Verschluss nicht bewegt werden darf.As is known, a cartridge is presented to a closure and spent with the help of the shutter movement the cartridge in the gun barrel. The shutter movement is based on downtime, in which the shutter must not be moved.

Die unter der Bezeichnung Bushmaster bekannte fremd angetriebene Maschinenkanone besitzt als Funktionssteuerung bzw. Antrieb zum Bewegen des Verschlusses und der Munitionszuführung eine umlaufende Kette, was ihr auch den Namen Chain Gun gibt. Notwendige Stillstandzeiten werden durch die Führung der Kette realisiert ( US 4,418,607 ; US 4,481,858 ; US 4,563,936 ; US 4,665,793 ; DE 30 21 200 C ).The known under the name Bushmaster foreign-powered machine gun has as a function control or drive to move the shutter and the ammunition feed a revolving chain, which gives her the name Chain Gun. Necessary downtimes are realized by the management of the chain ( US 4,418,607 ; US 4,481,858 ; US 4,563,936 ; US 4,665,793 ; DE 30 21 200 C ).

Mit der DE 10 2007 048 468 A wird ein Antrieb für die lineare Zuführung der Munition in ein Waffenrohr bzw. Patronenlager mittels einer Kette beschrieben. Die Kette selbst wird in einfacher Art und Weise eng um zwei Kettenräder geführt. Ein Kettenglied bzw. ein Nocken der Kette ist in eine unterhalb des bewegbaren Schiebers befindlichen Führung oder Nut eingebunden. Dadurch kann die Kette innerhalb der Stillstandszeiten der Waffe, die durch die Funktionssteuerung definiert werden, weiter laufen. Die Kette selbst kann durch einen Elektromotor angetrieben werden.With the DE 10 2007 048 468 A a drive for the linear supply of the ammunition into a weapon barrel or cartridge chamber is described by means of a chain. The chain itself is tightly guided around two sprockets in a simple manner. A chain link or a cam of the chain is incorporated in a guide or groove located below the movable slide. As a result, the chain can continue running within the downtime of the weapon, which are defined by the function control. The chain itself can be driven by an electric motor.

Die DE 10 2007 054 470 A hingegen schlägt für eine lineare Zuführung eines Verschlusses zum Waffenrohr bzw. Patronenlager vor, eine gerade Führungsnut in die Antriebs-Kinematik einzubinden. In der Führungsnut wird ein Mittel geführt, welches mit dem Verschluss konstruktiv verbunden ist. Die Führungsnut wird Ihrerseits von einer umlaufenden Zwangsführung (Kulisse) umschlossen, die Ihrerseits die notwendigen Stillstandazeiten des Verschlusses während des Verriegelns, des Schusses, des Entriegeins In seiner vorderen Position sowie des Neuladens interpretiert, nach dem der Verschluss in seine hintere Position geführt worden ist. Innerhalb der Zwangsführung wird ein weiteres Mittel als Antriebsmittel für den Verschluss geführt. Die Antriebsübertragung kann durch Gleitrollen, Zahnräder oder dergleichen realisiert werden, die von einem Motor etc. angetrieben werden. Der Antrieb selbst läuft innerhalb der Stillstandszeiten der Waffe weiter.The DE 10 2007 054 470 A In contrast, proposes for a linear feed of a closure to the gun barrel or cartridge chamber, to incorporate a straight guide in the drive kinematics. In the guide groove, a means is guided, which is constructively connected to the closure. The guide groove is in turn surrounded by a circumferential forced guide, which in turn interprets the necessary stoppage times of the shutter during locking, firing, unlocking in its forward position and reloading, after which the shutter has been guided to its rear position. Within the positive guide another means is performed as a drive means for the closure. The drive transmission can be realized by casters, gears or the like, which are driven by a motor, etc. The drive itself continues to run within the downtime of the weapon.

In besonderen Fällen muss es möglich sein, den Verschlussantrieb und / oder den Munitionsantrieb aus dem System herausnehmen zu können.In special cases it must be possible to remove the shutter drive and / or the ammunition drive from the system.

Die DE 30 21 179 A1 offenbart einen Kupplungsmechanismus mit einer Antriebswelle und einer Abtriebswelle zur Verwendung in einer Feuerwaffe. Dieser Mechanismus ist seinerseits in der Lage, den Antrieb mit einer Last zu kuppeln oder die Last abzukuppeln.The DE 30 21 179 A1 discloses a clutch mechanism having a drive shaft and an output shaft for use in a firearm. This mechanism in turn is able to couple the drive with a load or decouple the load.

Die Erfindung stellt sich daher, ausgehend von der DE 3021179 A1 , die Aufgabe, eine Konstruktion für das selektive Zu- und Abschalten des jeweiligen Antriebes aus dem Waffensystem aufzuzeigen.The invention therefore arises, starting from the DE 3021179 A1 , the task to show a construction for the selective switching on and off of the respective drive from the weapon system.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1, Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den Unteransprüchen wieder.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1, Advantageous embodiments can be found in the subclaims again.

Damit die Waffe klein bauender wird, Ist in der besonderen Ausführung eine hintere Verriegelung des Verschlusses vorgesehen, da dadurch der Zuführweg der Munition kürzer gemacht werden kann. Es fällt der sonst für eine vordere Verriegelung notwendige Bauraum weg, den die Munition durchlaufen müsste, bis sie das Patronenlager erreicht. Andere Verschlusskonstruktionen sind jedoch ebenfalls möglich, das selektive Zu- und Abschalten der Antriebe nicht von der Verriegelungsart selbst abhängig.Thus, the weapon is small build, is provided in the particular embodiment, a rear locking of the closure, since thereby the Zuführweg the ammunition can be made shorter. It falls away the otherwise necessary for a front lock space that would have to go through the ammunition until it reaches the chamber. However, other closure designs are also possible, the selective switching on and off of the drives not depending on the locking type itself.

Die Verschlussführung mit den notwendigen Stillstandszeiten wird durch Steuerkurven geschaffen, zwischen denen ein (Steuer-) Schleber eingebunden ist, der seinerseits mit dem Verschlussträger bzw. direkt mit dem Verschluss funktional verbunden ist Dabei handelt es sich um eine so genannte waffenfeste Steuerkurve für die Verschlusszuführung und um eine Verriegelungskurve zum Verriegeln des Verschlusses. Die vorzugsweise unterhalb des Verschlusses eingebundene waffenfeste Steuerkurve für die Zuführung des Verschlusses wirkt mit einem ersten, längeren Pleuel der Kurvenscheibe des Verschlussantriebes zusammen.The closure guide with the necessary downtime is created by cams, between which a (control) is involved, which in turn is operatively connected to the closure carrier or directly to the closure This is a so-called weapon-resistant control cam for the shutter and around a locking curve for locking the closure. The arms-tight control cam, which is preferably integrated below the closure for the supply of the closure, cooperates with a first, longer connecting rod of the cam disc of the closure drive.

Über das längere Pleuel werden der Verschlussträger und damit der Verschluss in Schussrichtung und entgegengesetzt bewegt. Dabei wird die Drehbewegung der Kurvenscheibe in eine Linearbewegung umgewandelt. Das Pleuel ist dazu mit seinem hinteren Ende bzw. Bolzen an / in der Kurvenscheibe befestigt / eingebunden. Mit seinem vorderen Ende (in Schussrichtung gesehen) greift das Pleuel über eine Verzahnung an eine waffenfeste Zahnstange und an den Schieber des Verschlussträgers an. Dabei kann ein besseres Übertragungsverhältnis für die Verschlussbewegung eingestellt werden. Im Schieber ist ein weiteres, kurzes Pleuel eingebunden, das einerseits in den Schieber eingreift und andererseits Mittel aufweist, wodurch eine funktionale Verbindung zwischen der waffenfesten Steuerkurve und dem Verschlussträger bzw. dem Verschluss geschaffen wird. In einer bevorzugten Ausführung handelt es sich um zwei Rollen, wobei die untere Rolle in der waffenfesten Steuerkurve und die obere Rolle in eine Quernut im Verschlussträger eingreifen.About the longer connecting rod of the closure support and thus the shutter in the weft direction and opposite are moved. The rotational movement of the cam is converted into a linear movement. The connecting rod is attached / integrated with its rear end or bolt on / in the cam disc. With its front end (viewed in the direction of the weft), the connecting rod engages via teeth on a weapon-proof rack and on the slider of the closure carrier. In this case, a better transmission ratio for the shutter movement can be set. In the slide another, short connecting rod is involved, which engages on the one hand in the slide and on the other hand means, whereby a functional connection between the gun-fixed control cam and the closure support or the closure is provided. In a preferred embodiment, there are two roles, wherein the lower roller in the arm-fixed control cam and the upper roller engage in a transverse groove in the closure carrier.

In dem hinteren Endpunkt der waffenfesten Steuerkurve ist die Null-Position (Stillstand des Verschlusses) integriert, in der Verriegelungskurve, die im Verschlussträger umfänglich eingebunden ist, wird die Stillstandszeit des Verschlusses während der Schussposition definiert.In the rear end point of the weapon-resistant control cam, the zero position (closure of the closure) is integrated, in the locking curve, which is integrated in the closure carrier circumferentially, the downtime of the closure is defined during the firing position.

Für das Zuführen der Munition vor den Verschluss, also während dieser seine Null-Position eingenommen hat, wird über den gemeinsamen Antrieb die Munitionszuführung bewegt. Ein mit dieser Kurvenscheibe zusammenwirkendes Schrittgetriebe mit Rollenstern überträgt dann diese Bewegung auf einen Zuführstern, durch den die Munition bekanntlich vor den Verschluss gelegt wird. Der Zuführstern vollführt seinerseits eine Bewegung und bringt eine neue Munition vor den Verschluss, die leere Patronenhülse in das Gurtglied etc. Dies erfolgt durch das Schrittgetriebe getaktet.For feeding the ammunition in front of the shutter, so while it has assumed its zero position, the ammunition feed is moved via the common drive. A cooperating with this cam stepper with roller star then transmits this movement on a feed star, through which the ammunition is known to be placed in front of the shutter. The feed star in turn performs a movement and brings a new ammunition in front of the shutter, the empty cartridge case in the belt member, etc. This is clocked by the step gear.

Für das normale Schießen sind der Verschlussantrieb als auch der Munitionsantrieb im System zugeschaltet.For normal shooting, the shutter drive and the ammunition drive in the system are switched on.

Ausgehend davon, dass das Führen des Verschlusses und das Zuführen der Munition vor den Verschluss insbesondere über eine gemeinsame Mimik (Konstruktion) realisiert wird, ist nunmehr vorgesehen, dass für Sonderfälle der jeweils nicht benötigte Antrieb in der Mimik selektiv abgeschaltet bzw. getrennt werden kann. Der gemeinsame Antrieb besteht bevorzugt aus zwei, synchronisierbaren, beispielsweise mit einer Außenverzahnung versehenen (Kurven-) Scheiben bzw. Rädern.Based on the fact that the guiding of the closure and the feeding of the ammunition before the closure is realized in particular by means of a common facial expression (construction), it is now provided that for special cases the respectively not required drive in the facial expressions can be selectively switched off or disconnected. The common drive preferably consists of two, synchronizable, provided for example with an external toothing (curves) discs or wheels.

Für das selektive (wahlweise) Ab- bzw. Zuschalten des jeweiligen Antriebes wird eine separat antreibbare Schaltwalze eingebunden, die ihrerseits Mittel in Eingriff bzw. Ausgriff mit dem jeweiligen Antrieb bringen kann. Dieses Mittel kann eine obere und untere 3-Gang-Klauenkupplung sein. Die Schaltwalze weist umfänglich Kurven auf, in denen Elemente geführt werden, durch die die Mittel in die Antriebe form- und kraftschlüssig eingreifen können oder diese loslassen, wodurch der jeweilige Antrieb zu- bzw. abgeschaltet werden kann.For the selective (optional) off or on of the respective drive a separately drivable shift drum is integrated, which in turn can bring means into engagement or take-off with the respective drive. This means can be an upper and lower 3-speed dog clutch. The shift drum has circumferentially curves in which elements are guided, by means of which the means can positively and non-positively engage in the drives or release them, whereby the respective drive can be switched on or off.

Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels mit Zeichnung soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Perspektivdarstellung einer teilweise gehäuselosen Waffe mit einem selektiven Verschluss- und Munitionsantrieb,
Fig. 2
eine Darstellung des selektiven Antriebes aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
den Antrieb aus Fig. 2 aus einer unteren Perspektive,
Fig. 4
eine Darstellung des hinteren Teils des Verschlussantriebes aus Fig. 1 ohne Verschlussträger,
Fig. 5
eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Verschlussantriebes aus Fig. 4 aus einer Perspektive von unten,
Fig. 6
eine Darstellung des vorderen Teils des Verschlussantriebes aus Fig. 1, in der Verriegelungsstellung.
Reference to an embodiment with drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail. It shows:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a partially caseless weapon with a selective locking and ammunition drive,
Fig. 2
a representation of the selective drive Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
the drive off Fig. 2 from a lower perspective,
Fig. 4
an illustration of the rear part of the shutter drive Fig. 1 without lock carrier,
Fig. 5
an enlarged view of the shutter drive Fig. 4 from a perspective from below,
Fig. 6
an illustration of the front part of the shutter drive Fig. 1 , in the locked position.

Mit 1 ist in den Figuren eine Waffe gekennzeichnet, die durch das Geradezuführen eines Verschlusses 2.1 bzw. Verschlussträgers 2 zum Zuführen einer Munition 3 in ein Patronenlager 4 eines Waffenlaufes der Waffe 1 geprägt ist. Für eine baulich kleinere Variante ist eine hintere Verrieglung des Verschlusses 2.1 vorgesehen. Der Verschluss 2.1 ist stirnseitig so ausgeführt, dass er in die Rille des Hülsenbodens 4.1 der Patrone bzw. Munition 3 eingreifen und diese mit nach vorne in das Patronenlager 4 führen und nach dem Schuss wieder aus dem Patronenlager 4 mitnehmen sowie in einen Zuführstern ablegen kann. Die Liderung zum Patronenlager 4 des Waffenrohres 1 selbst wird über die Hülse der Munition 3 erreicht.1, a weapon is characterized in the figures, which is characterized by the straight line of a closure 2.1 or closure carrier 2 for feeding an ammunition 3 into a chamber 4 of a weapon barrel of the weapon 1. For a structurally smaller variant, a rear Verrieglung the shutter 2.1 is provided. The closure 2.1 is frontally designed so that it engage in the groove of the sleeve bottom 4.1 of the cartridge or ammunition 3 and lead them forward into the chamber 4 and after taking the shot back from the chamber 4 and can place in a feed star. The Liderung to the chamber 4 of the gun barrel 1 itself is achieved through the sleeve of the ammunition 3.

Der zum Zünden der Munition 3 notwendige Schlagbolzen (nicht näher dargestellt) wird innerhalb der Verschlusskammer 2.3 geführt und gehalten. Mit 5 ist ein Antrieb für den Verschlussantrieb und mit 6 der Antrieb für das Zuführen der Munition 3 gekennzeichnet. In beiden Fällen handelt es sich bei den Antrieben um Scheiben, die eine Außenverzahnung 7, 8 aufweisen.The necessary for igniting the ammunition 3 firing pin (not shown in detail) is guided and held within the closure chamber 2.3. 5 is a drive for the shutter drive and 6 the drive for feeding the ammunition 3 is marked. In both cases, the drives are discs which have external teeth 7, 8.

In diese Außenverzahnungen 7, 8 greift jeweils ein Zahnrad mit Verzahnung 9 bzw. 10, die beispielsweise von einem Fremdantrieb 11 angetrieben.werden. Die Zahnräder 9, 10 werden ihrerseits von einer durch den Fremdantrieb 11 angetriebenen Welle 22 getragen.In each of these external teeth 7, 8 engages a gear with teeth 9 and 10, for example, driven by an external drive 11 werden.werden. The gears 9, 10 are in turn carried by a driven by the external drive 11 shaft 22.

Die Zuführung des Verschlusses 2.1 bzw. Verschlussträgers 2 erfolgt mittels im Waffensystem eingebundene Kulissen und Führungen für die Zuführ- und Stillstandzeiten.The supply of the closure 2.1 or closure carrier 2 takes place by means of the weapon system integrated scenes and guides for the feeding and downtime.

Für eine selektive Ab- bzw. Zuschaltung des Verschluss- und des Munitionsantriebes 5, 6 dienen Mittel 17, 18, die in die Zahnräder 9 oder 10 (oder in keine von beiden) form- und kraftschlüssig eingreifen können. Für dieses Eingreifen bzw. Herausführen verantwortlich zeigt sich eine separat antreibbare Schaltwalze 12, durch die die Antriebe 5, 6 selektiv zuschaltbar sind (siehe Fig. 2). Die Schaltwalze 12 weisen dazu Kurven 15, in denen sogenannte Schaltmuffen 13, 14 geführt werden, die ihrerseits die Mittel, hier Klauenkupplungen, 17, 18 bewegen.For a selective off or connection of the shutter and the ammunition drive 5, 6 are used means 17, 18 which can engage in the gears 9 or 10 (or in neither of) positively and non-positively. Responsible for this intervention or leading out is a separately drivable shift drum 12, through which the drives 5, 6 are selectively connectable (see Fig. 2 ). The shift drum 12 have curves 15, in which so-called shift sleeves 13, 14 are guided, which in turn move the means, here jaw clutches 17, 18.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung des Antriebes 5, 6 von unten. Unterhalb des Antriebes 6 für die Munitionszuführung ist ein Schrittgetriebe 20 eingebunden, hier ein Scheibenschrittgetriebe, mit einem Komplementären-Scheibenpaar mit Rast- und Schaltwinkel sowie einem Rollenstern 21 aufweist. Der Rollenstern 21 wird von den Kurven des Scheibenpaars in Bewegung gesetzt und ist mit der Antriebswelle der Munitionszuführung zum Zuführstern 19 funktional abgestimmt. Der Schaltwinkel wird bestimmt durch den Teil der Kurve, der die Verdrehung des Rollensterns 21 um einen Schritt bewirkt, der Rastwinkel wird durch den Teil der Kurve bestimmt, bei dem trotz Drehung der Kurve der Rollenstern 21 seine Position nicht verändert. Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the drive 5, 6 from below. Below the drive 6 for the ammunition supply a step gear 20 is incorporated, here a disc step transmission, with a complementary disc pair with locking and switching angle and a roller star 21 has. The roller star 21 is set in motion by the curves of the disk pair and is functionally tuned with the drive shaft of the ammunition feed to the feed star 19. The switching angle is determined by the part of the curve that causes the rotation of the roller star 21 by one step, the locking angle is determined by the part of the curve in which, despite rotation of the curve of the roller 21 does not change its position.

Fig. 4 zeigt in einer Draufsicht die Scheibe 5, in der ein langer Pleuel 26 eingebunden und funktional mit diesem verbunden ist. Der lange Pleuel 26 dient zur Umwandlung der Drehbewegung der Scheibe 5 in eine lineare Verschlussbewegung und damit zur eigentlichen Bewegung des Verschlusses / Verschlussträgers 2 im Zusammenwirken mit einem kurzen Pleuel 25. Das lange Pleuel 26 ist mit seinem hinteren Ende bzw. Bolzen an / in der Kurvenscheibe 5 befestigt / eingebunden. Mit seinem vorderen Ende (in Schussrichtung gesehen) greift das Pleuel 26 über eine Verzahnung 28 (Fig. 5) an eine waffenfeste Zahnstange 29 und an einen Schieber 27 des Verschlussträgers 2 an. Dadurch kann ein besseres Übertragungsverhältnis (beispielsweise 1:2) für die Verschlussbewegung selbst eingestellt werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Durchmesser des Kurbelgehäuses (Scheiben 5+6) um die Hälfte kleiner gebaut werden kann, als bei einer 1:1 Übertragung. Damit verbunden ist ein geringeres Gewicht. Fig. 4 shows in a plan view of the disc 5, in which a long connecting rod 26 is integrated and functionally connected thereto. The long connecting rod 26 is used to convert the rotational movement of the disc 5 in a linear shutter movement and thus to the actual Movement of the closure / closure support 2 in cooperation with a short connecting rod 25. The long connecting rod 26 is attached with its rear end or bolt on / in the cam 5 / integrated. With its front end (seen in the weft direction), the connecting rod 26 engages via a toothing 28 (FIG. Fig. 5 ) to a weapon-proof rack 29 and a slider 27 of the closure carrier 2 at. As a result, a better transmission ratio (for example, 1: 2) can be set for the shutter movement itself. This has the advantage that the diameter of the crankcase (discs 5 + 6) can be made smaller by half than in a 1: 1 transmission. This is associated with a lower weight.

Der kurze Pleuel 25 wird einerseits im Schieber 27 gehalten und mit diesem geführt. Andererseits greift das kurze Pleuel 25 in eine oberhalb des Pleuels 25 und unterhalb des Verschlussträgers 2 (Fig. 5) eingebrachte Quernut 31. Das kurze Pleuel 25 wird in einer waffenfesten Steuerkurve 30 geführt und nimmt bei Verschiebung des Schiebers 27 durch das lange Pleuel 26 bedingt durch den Eingriff in die Quernut 31 den Verschlussträger 2 nach hinten bzw. nach vorne mit. In der hinteren Endlage, dem sogenannten Totpunkt der Zuführung, ist der Pleuel 25 verschwenkbar. Dadurch ist es möglich, dass der Verschlussträger 2 in dieser hinteren Position, wenn die Munition 3 zugeführt wird, stehen bleiben kann (Stillstandzeit), während das System bzw. der Schieber 27 noch einen kleinen Weg weiter läuft. In dieser Endlage besitzt die Steuerkurve 30 einen Endpunkt 30.1, in den hinein der Pleuel 25 geschoben wird. Durch die Verschwenkbarkeit kann der Schieber 27 trotz Endpunkt 30.1 in der Steuerkurve 30 unterhalb dieser weiterlaufen. Diese Konstruktion realisiert die Stillstandzeit des Verschlusses - hinten - in der die Munitionsbeladung erfolgt.The short connecting rod 25 is held on the one hand in the slide 27 and guided with this. On the other hand, the short connecting rod 25 engages in one above the connecting rod 25 and below the closure carrier 2 (FIG. Fig. 5 The short connecting rod 25 is guided in a gun-fixed control cam 30 and takes on displacement of the slider 27 by the long connecting rod 26 due to the engagement in the transverse groove 31 the lock carrier 2 to the rear or to the front. In the rear end position, the so-called dead center of the feed, the connecting rod 25 is pivotable. This makes it possible that the lock carrier 2 in this rear position when the ammunition 3 is supplied, can stop (downtime), while the system or the slider 27 is still a small way on. In this end position, the control cam 30 has an end point 30.1, into which the connecting rod 25 is pushed. Due to the pivotability of the slide 27 can continue despite the end point 30.1 in the cam 30 below this. This construction realizes the shut-down time of the closure - back - in which the ammunition loading takes place.

Verschlussträger 2 und Verschluss 2.1 sind über einen mit dem Verschluss 2.1 funktional fest verbundenen Mitnehmer 33 miteinander konstruktiv verbunden. Das Verriegeln des Verschlusses 2.1 wird durch eine weitere, im Verschlussträger 2 eingebundene Verriegelungskurve 32 (Nut) realisiert, in den der Mitnehmer 33 zum Verschließen ausweichen kann. Der Verschluss 2.1 wird durch ein (waffengehäuse-) feststehendes Teil 40 geführt. Erreicht der Verschluss 2.1 seine vordere Anschlagposition, läuft der Schieber 27 geringfügig weiter in seine vordere Endlagenposition. Der Verschlussträger 2 wiederum wird über die obere Kurve weiter in einer Verriegelungskurve 32 geführt, die bevorzugt oberhalb des Verschlussträgers 2 eingebunden ist, um den Verschluss 2.1 im / am Teil 40 verriegeln zu können (Verriegelungswarzen 41 in Fig. 2). Zum Verriegeln läuft dann der Nocken 33 aus der Kurve 32.1 in einen Verriegelungsweg 32.2 der Verriegelungskurve 32. Dadurch wird in der Schussposition eine schwimmende (Rücklauf aufnehmende) Lagerung für den Verschluss 2.1 realisiert (Fig. 6).Lock carrier 2 and closure 2.1 are structurally connected to one another via a catch 33, which is functionally fixedly connected to the closure 2.1. The locking of the shutter 2.1 is realized by a further, integrated in the lock carrier 2 locking curve 32 (groove), in which the driver 33 can escape to close. The shutter 2.1 is guided by a (gun housing) fixed part 40. When the shutter 2.1 reaches its front stop position, the slider 27 moves slightly further into its front end position. The closure carrier 2, in turn, is guided further over the upper curve into a locking curve 32, which is preferably integrated above the closure carrier 2 in order to be able to lock the closure 2.1 in / on the part 40 (locking lugs 41 in FIG Fig. 2 ). For locking then runs the cam 33 from the curve 32.1 in a locking path 32.2 of the locking cam 32. As a result, a floating (return-receiving) storage for the closure 2.1 is realized in the firing position ( Fig. 6 ).

Anhand dieser Figuren soll nunmehr das selektive Zu- bzw. Abschalten der Munitionszuführung als auch der Verschlussbewegung näher beschrieben werden.Based on these figures will now be described in more detail the selective switching on and off of the ammunition supply and the shutter movement.

Im normalen Schussbetrieb sind der Verschluss- und Munitionsantrieb 5, 6 permanent zugeschaltet. Ist es nun erwünscht, kann der Verschluss- 5 und / oder der Munitionsantrieb 6 aus dem Antriebssystem herausgenommen werden.In normal shot operation of the shutter and ammunition drive 5, 6 are permanently switched on. If desired, the closure 5 and / or the ammunition drive 6 can be removed from the drive system.

Dies kann durch einen nicht näher dargestellten Hebel, Stellmotor etc. erfolgen. Durch diesen werden in nicht dargestellter Weise die Schaltwalze 12 und damit die Schaltkurven 15, 16 bewegt.This can be done by a lever, actuator, etc., not shown. Through this, the shift drum 12 and thus the switching curves 15, 16 are moved in a manner not shown.

Die Schaltwalze 12 bringt im Falle der Abschaltung bzw. Herausnahme der Munitionszuführung 6 aus dem System die Klauenkupplung 18 aus der Verzahnung bzw. dem Zahnrad 10. Dadurch erfolgt keine Kraftübertragung mehr vom Zahnrad 10 auf den Antrieb 6. Der Verschlussantrieb 5 ist bleibt jedoch zugeschaltet. Durch Weiterdehen der Schaltwalze 12 kann die Klauenkupplung 18 wieder in Kraftschluss mit der Verzahnung 10 gebracht werden, sodass die Munitionszuführung 6 wieder zugeschaltet wird.The shift drum 12 brings in the event of shutdown or removal of the ammunition feeder 6 from the system, the jaw clutch 18 from the toothing or the gear 10. There is no more power transmission from the gear 10 to the drive 6. The shutter drive 5 is still switched. By advancing the shift drum 12, the dog clutch 18 can be brought back into frictional engagement with the teeth 10, so that the ammunition feed 6 is switched on again.

Gleiche Wirkungsweise gilt für das Zu- oder Abschalten des Verschlussantriebs 5, wozu die Klauenkupplung 17 in bzw. aus dem Zahnrad 9 gebracht wird, während der Munitionstransport weiterläuft. Ein weiteres Verdrehen der Schaltwalze 12 bewirkt dann wieder ein Zuschalten des Verschlussantriebs 5.Same effect applies to the connection or disconnection of the shutter drive 5, including the jaw clutch 17 is brought into or out of the gear 9, while the ammunition transport continues. Further rotation of the shift drum 12 then causes a connection of the shutter drive fifth

Es versteht sich, dass in den Kurven 15, 16 auch eine Position eingebunden ist, in der beide Antriebe 5, 6 aus dem System genommen sind (Fig. 2, Fig. 3).It is understood that in the curves 15, 16, a position is included, in which both drives 5, 6 are removed from the system ( Fig. 2, Fig. 3 ).

Claims (10)

  1. Breech and ammunition drive (5, 6) for a breech (2.1) of a weapon (1) or for advancing a round (3), characterized by
    - an ability to switch the respective drive (5, 6) on and/or off selectively,
    - a switching roller (12) which interacts with the drives (5, 6) having, on the circumferential side, cams (15, 16),
    - in which elements (13, 14) are guided which for their part move means (17, 18) which bring about switching on and/or off of the drives (5, 6) when the switching roller (12) is rotated.
  2. Drive according to Claim 1, characterized in that the drives (5, 6) are discs with an external toothing system (7, 8), which discs are moved by at least one driven gearwheel (9, 10).
  3. Drive according to Claim 2, characterized in that the means (17, 18) are at least one upper and one lower 3-gear dog couplings which engage positively and non-positively in each case into one of the gearwheels (9, 10).
  4. Drive according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a switching mechanism (20) with a roller star (21) is incorporated for feeding ammunition, the roller star (21) being connected functionally to the feed star (19).
  5. Drive according to Claim 4, characterized in that the stepping mechanism (20) is preferably a disc stepping mechanism with a complementary disc pair with latching and switching angles.
  6. Drive according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in addition to the drive (5), slotted gates and guides (30) which are incorporated into the weapon system are responsible for the feed and standstill times for feeding the breech (2.1) or breech support (2), a long connecting rod (26) and a short connecting rod (25) being incorporated into the drive (5) and being connected functionally to the latter, the long connecting rod (26) serving to convert the rotational movement into a linear breech movement and the short connecting rod (25) serving to actually displace the breech (2.1) or the breech support (2).
  7. Drive according to Claim 6, characterized in that the long connecting rod (26) is fastened with its rear end or bolt on or in the drive (5) and acts with its front end via a toothing system (28) on a toothed rack (29) which is fixed to the weapon and on a slide (27) of the breech support (2), whereas the short connecting rod (25) is held at one end in the slide (27) and is guided with the latter and engages at the other end into a transverse groove (31) which is made above the connecting rod (25) and below the breech support (2).
  8. Drive according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the short connecting rod (25) is guided in the control cam (30) which is fixed to the weapon and has a rear end point (30.1), into which the connecting rod (25) is pushed, to which end the short connecting rod (25) can be pivoted in the rear end position at the end point (30.1) of the control cam (30).
  9. Drive according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the breech support (2) and breech (2.1) are connected structurally to one another via a driver (33) which is functionally connected fixedly to the breech (2.1).
  10. Drive according to Claim 9, characterized in that the locking of the breech (2.1) is realized by a further locking cam (32) which is incorporated into the breech support (2) and into which the driver (33) can yield for locking purposes, the locking cam (32) having a locking travel (32.2), as a result of which a floating mounting which absorbs the recoil is realized for the breech (2.1) in the firing position.
EP10784701.4A 2009-12-04 2010-11-23 Selectable bolt and/or ammunition drive Active EP2507577B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009056736 2009-12-04
PCT/EP2010/007076 WO2011066910A1 (en) 2009-12-04 2010-11-23 Selective breech and/or ammunition drive

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EP2507577A1 EP2507577A1 (en) 2012-10-10
EP2507577B1 true EP2507577B1 (en) 2013-09-25

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EP10784701.4A Active EP2507577B1 (en) 2009-12-04 2010-11-23 Selectable bolt and/or ammunition drive

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US (1) US8833226B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2507577B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102010052047A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2438785T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2011066910A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010027636A1 (en) 2010-07-19 2012-01-19 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Selective switchable lock and / or ammunition drive
DE202014102779U1 (en) 2014-06-16 2015-09-18 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh ammunition feed
DE102014108465A1 (en) 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Quick stop
DE102014108466A1 (en) 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Electronic quick stop deactivation
DE102015008798B4 (en) * 2015-07-10 2021-03-18 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Weapon drive and weapon drive with a weapon emergency stop
IT201900002647A1 (en) 2019-02-25 2020-08-25 Leonardo Spa SYSTEM FOR HANDLING AMMUNITION FOR A FIREARM.

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4418607A (en) 1977-04-21 1983-12-06 Hughes Helicopters, Inc. Single barrel externally powdered gun
US4305326A (en) * 1979-06-08 1981-12-15 Hughes Helicopter, Inc. Compact clutch mechanism
US4301709A (en) 1979-06-08 1981-11-24 Hughes Helicopters, Inc. Mechanical anti-hangfire system
US4481858A (en) 1981-09-18 1984-11-13 Hughes Helicopters, Inc. Single barrel externally powered gun
US4563936A (en) 1982-05-28 1986-01-14 Hughes Helicopters, Inc. Weapon with next round select feed system
US4665793A (en) 1982-05-28 1987-05-19 Hughes Helicopters, Inc. Weapon with next round select feed system
JPH087034B2 (en) * 1992-11-28 1996-01-29 防衛庁技術研究本部長 Playground drive mechanism
JPH07174488A (en) * 1993-12-16 1995-07-14 Japan Steel Works Ltd:The Bolt part driving mechanism
DE102007048468A1 (en) 2007-10-09 2009-04-16 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Drive for a weapon with preferably linear ammunition guide
DE102007054470A1 (en) 2007-11-13 2009-05-20 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Drive for a weapon with linear ammunition feeder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2507577A1 (en) 2012-10-10
ES2438785T3 (en) 2014-01-20
DE102010052047A1 (en) 2011-06-22
US20120318126A1 (en) 2012-12-20
WO2011066910A1 (en) 2011-06-09
US8833226B2 (en) 2014-09-16

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