EP2506281A1 - Commutateur thermodépendant avec résistance protectrice - Google Patents

Commutateur thermodépendant avec résistance protectrice Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2506281A1
EP2506281A1 EP20120161290 EP12161290A EP2506281A1 EP 2506281 A1 EP2506281 A1 EP 2506281A1 EP 20120161290 EP20120161290 EP 20120161290 EP 12161290 A EP12161290 A EP 12161290A EP 2506281 A1 EP2506281 A1 EP 2506281A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating resistor
switch
switch according
temperature
stationary contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20120161290
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2506281B1 (fr
Inventor
Marcel P. Hofsaess
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE201110016133 external-priority patent/DE102011016133B4/de
Priority claimed from DE102011104984A external-priority patent/DE102011104984B4/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2506281A1 publication Critical patent/EP2506281A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2506281B1 publication Critical patent/EP2506281B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H37/5427—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting encapsulated in sealed miniaturised housing
    • H01H37/5436—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting encapsulated in sealed miniaturised housing mounted on controlled apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a temperature-dependent switch with a temperature-dependent switching mechanism, a derailleur receiving housing having an upper part with a first outer terminal and an electrically conductive lower part with an outer bottom, with a support plate on top of a heating resistor and two with the Heating resistor connected solder pads are arranged, wherein the bottom of the lower part rests on the heating resistor and the lower part is soldered to the first soldering surface and the second soldering surface serves as a second external connection.
  • Such a switch is from the DE 43 36 564 C2 known.
  • the well-known switch is designed as a sealed switch with two-piece metal housing, as he also for example from the DE 21 21 802 A or the DE 196 23 570 C2 is known.
  • the encapsulated switch is arranged on a carrier plate made of ceramic, on which a thick-film resistor is arranged as a heating resistor, which is surrounded by a conductor track in a U-shape. Another trace leads under the thick-film resistor, which rests on both tracks and is thus electrically connected to these.
  • the U-shaped trace is electrically connected to the conductive bottom of the encapsulated switch, while the other trace serves as a solder pad to which a first pigtail is soldered, and the second pigtail is electrically soldered to the conductive lid portion of the encapsulated switch.
  • the lower part rests with its outer bottom on the heating resistor.
  • the thick-film resistor can be covered by an insulating layer.
  • the switch should be soldered to the U-shaped track on the support plate, which is not mentioned in this document, as the soldering is to take place. As a result, a line-shaped cohesive contact between the lower part and serving as a soldering surface U-shaped conductor is produced.
  • the DE 41 42 716 A1 describes a switch with a metallic base and a top, in which centrally the first external connection is provided.
  • the second external connection is via the lower part.
  • On this lower part of a supporter ring is clamped from below, which carries a substrate with a thick-film resistor, which is thus arranged electrically in series with the switch and is responsible as a heating resistor for the current sensitivity.
  • temperature-dependent switches are used in a known manner to protect electrical equipment from overheating.
  • the switch is electrically connected in series with the device to be protected and mechanically arranged on the device so that it is in thermal communication with this.
  • a temperature-dependent switching mechanism of spring washer, bimetallic snap disk and movable contact member is arranged in each case, which is in the closed state of the switch in contact with a stationary contact part inside of the upper part, as is outwardly plated through to a first outer terminal.
  • the second external connection is the conductive lower part.
  • the operating current of the device to be protected flows through the two contact parts and the spring washer in the lower part.
  • the circuit is closed and the device to be protected is powered by the switch with power. If the temperature rises above a permissible value, then deforms the bimetallic snap disk, which opens the switch and the supply of the device to be protected is interrupted.
  • the now de-energized device can then cool down again.
  • the thermally coupled to the device switch cools down again, which then automatically closes again. While such switching behavior protects e.g. A hair dryer can be quite useful, this is not desirable anywhere where the device to be protected after switching off may not automatically turn on to avoid damage. This is for example for electric motors, which are used as drive units.
  • the DE 41 42 716 A1 proposes therefore to provide a so-called self-holding resistor, which is electrically parallel to the external terminals.
  • the self-holding resistor is in the open switch electrically in series with the device to be protected, through which only a harmless residual current now flows because of the resistance value of the self-holding resistor.
  • this residual current is sufficient to heat the self-holding resistor so far that it emits a heat that holds the bimetallic snap disk above its switching temperature.
  • the switches must be able to reliably protect the motors both in the limit mode with maximum allowable power and with a blocking rotor. To test whether the switch does this, usually two tests are performed.
  • the motor In the so-called heating test , the motor is operated at maximum power, wherein neither the flow of current through the switch nor the case thereby transferred from the engine to the switch heat may open the switch.
  • the motor is connected to the operating voltage with the rotor locked , which results in an operating current flowing through the motor which is three to five times greater than the usual operating current.
  • the response temperature of the bimetallic snap disk could be chosen to be above the temperature that the engine assumes at maximum allowable power during operation and transmits to the switch, but below the temperature to which the bimetallic snap disk is subjected by the heating resistor is heated when it is traversed by the current with blocked rotor.
  • this object is achieved in the switch mentioned above in that the bottom is soldered flat on the first soldering surface.
  • the bottom of the switch and not only the lateral transition between the bottom and side wall is soldered.
  • the bottom of the switch is now used for two purposes, for one, it lies on the entire surface of the heating resistor, on the other hand, it is held flat by material bond on the soldering surface.
  • the switch is set not only mechanically very stable on the support plate in this way, this type of fixing also leads to the desired thermal coupling.
  • the heating resistor now heats up very quickly due to the very high operating current and, due to the good and firm contact to the bottom of the switch, introduces this heat into the switching mechanism, thus rapidly increasing the operating current interrupts.
  • the fixed mechanical connection by the surface soldering to the bottom of the base thus does not affect the switching behavior, for example, but provides compared with the prior art for a better thermal coupling both to the engine and to the heating resistor.
  • the inventor has not so from the DE 43 36 564 C2 known lateral solder joint improved by additional measures, but selected a different type of cohesive connection.
  • a large-area solder joint is produced between the bottom of the lower part and a soldering surface next to the heating resistor.
  • This planar connection can be produced, for example, by heating the carrier plate on a hotplate to liquefy tin tracts provided in addition to the heating resistor. Thereafter, the switch is pressed onto the carrier plates, so that the tin sheets make a large-area connection to the bottom of the switch.
  • the new switch is now designed so that the heating resistor leads to a very rapid heating of the switch itself.
  • solder pins are soldered to the second soldering surface and to the first external connection.
  • connection provided according to the invention is significantly stronger than in the case of lateral soldering according to the invention DE 43 36 564 C2 so that it can be dispensed with, the switch for mechanical stabilization even with a shrink cap to surround, which would hinder the heat coupling to the engine and thus the shutdown in overheated engine.
  • the omission of an additional casing also allows other types of connection than laterally led away Pigtails, such as the use of pins. This type of connection is not possible with the known switches discussed in the introduction.
  • the first soldering surface is formed by at least two tin tracks arranged next to the heating resistor.
  • the at least two tin tracks ensure a large-area electrical connection and at the same time good mechanical support at the bottom of the switch.
  • the heating resistor is a thick-film resistor, wherein preferably a heating resistor is arranged between the heating resistor and a protective film.
  • planar heating resistor is used, so that the floor can be coupled over a large area.
  • the protective foil prevents electrical short circuits.
  • adjacent contact surfaces to the first soldering surface and the heating resistor are formed at the bottom of the switch.
  • the surface of the bottom can be almost completely utilized for the electrical and mechanical contact with the first soldering surface and the thermal contact with the heating resistor.
  • the two contact surfaces cover at least 50%, preferably 80%, of the surface of the base, wherein preferably the contact surface to the heating resistor has a larger area than the contact surface to the first soldering surface, more preferably at least 30% greater.
  • the advantage here is that the ratio of the sizes of the contact surfaces to each other ensures both the required mechanical hold and the required thermal coupling.
  • the derailleur comprises a bimetal snap-action disc which is mechanically connected to a movable contact part and presses this below its switching temperature against a stationary contact part and lifts above its switching temperature of this.
  • a spring snap-action disc which biases the movable contact part in the sense of an abutment against the stationary contact part
  • a bimetal snap-action disc which lifts the movable contact part above its switching temperature of the stationary contact part, wherein further preferably the spring snap-action disc is arranged between stationary contact part and bimetal snap-action disc.
  • the derailleur has a current transmitting member which cooperates with two stationary contact parts, of which the first is connected to the first outer terminal and the second to the second outer terminal, preferably wherein the second contact part is electrically connected to the lower part on
  • the derailleur comprises a bimetallic snap disk, which is mechanically connected to the current transfer member and this below its switching temperature against the two stationary Contact parts presses and lifts above their switching temperature of these, and further preferably the switching mechanism has a spring washer which biases the current transfer member in the sense of a plant against the stationary contact parts, the bimetallic snap-off the current transfer member above its switching temperature of the stationary contact parts.
  • the switch can lead significantly higher currents than the above-mentioned switch, in which the current is passed through the bimetallic snap-action disc or through the spring snap-action disc. This is particularly advantageous when the switch is used to power powerful electric motors that require high operating currents.
  • Temperature-dependent switch with a current transmitting member which cooperates with two stationary contact parts are, for example, from DE 26 44 411 A1 known.
  • the two stationary contact parts which are arranged in the upper part, are connected in series with the supply current of the device to be protected, so that the current flows through the current transmitting member, when the switch is at a temperature below the switching temperature.
  • the power transmission member may be a separate contact plate, but it is also possible in individual cases, to use the bimetallic snap disk or a spring snap-action as a power transmission member.
  • the second stationary contact part is electrically connected to the electrically conductive lower part, which in turn is connected to the first soldering surface, which via the heating resistor with the second Soldering surface is connected.
  • Fig. 1 is denoted by a temperature-dependent switch 10, which includes a cup-shaped lower part 11 which is closed by an upper part 12 which is held with the interposition of an insulating film 13 by a flanged edge 14 on the lower part 11.
  • a temperature-dependent switch 10 which includes a cup-shaped lower part 11 which is closed by an upper part 12 which is held with the interposition of an insulating film 13 by a flanged edge 14 on the lower part 11.
  • a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 15 is arranged, which includes a spring-snap disc 16 which carries a movable contact member 17 centrally, on which a freely inserted bimetallic disc 18 is seated.
  • the Federschnappulation 16 is supported on a bottom 19 inside of the lower part 11, which is made of electrically conductive material.
  • the movable contact part 17 is in contact with a stationary contact part 20, which is provided on an inner side 21 of the upper part 12, which is also made of metal in this embodiment.
  • the temperature-dependent switching mechanism 15 in the in Fig. 1 shown low-temperature position an electrically conductive connection between the upper part 12 and the lower part 11 forth, the operating current via the stationary contact part 20, the movable contact part 17 and the spring snap disk 16 flows.
  • Such a temperature-dependent switch 10 is for example from the DE 196 23 570 A1 The contents of which are hereby made the subject of the present disclosure.
  • a first pad 22 is off at the switch Fig. 1 arranged in a central region of the upper part 12.
  • a second connection surface 23 may be provided on the edge 14.
  • the switch 10 can be thermally coupled to an electrical device to be protected, it has a flat, outer bottom 24, which is designed as a heat transfer surface and comes into contact with the electrical device to be protected.
  • the carrier plate 25 is formed as a ceramic substrate, on the upper side 26 in Fig. 2 from right to left side by side, a first soldering surface 27, a heating resistor 28 in the form of a thick-film resistor and a second soldering surface 29 are arranged.
  • soldered pins 31, 32 which serve the external connection. These pins are in Fig. 3 Not shown.
  • the 4 and 5 show the support plate 25 without soldered switch 10th
  • the heating resistor 28 is formed as a thick-film resistor, which at its in Fig. 4 right side with the soldering surface 29 is connected directly via a conductive layer 31.
  • the soldering surface 27 is arranged, which has in the non-soldered state, three tin tracks 33, 34, 35 which are parallel to each other. At least one of the tin traces 33, 34, 35 is connected to the heating resistor 28 via a conductive layer 32 over which they project upwardly.
  • the switch 10 is to be mounted on the support plate 25, this is heated to the extent that the tin traces 33, 34, 35 liquefy. Thereafter, the switch 10 is pressed with the bottom 24 on the top 26 of the support plate 25, so that the tin sheets 33, 34, 35 connect to the soldering surface 27 and provide a full-surface cohesive connection to the bottom 24.
  • the floor passes into fixed mechanical contact with the heating resistor 28, which may be covered by a thin protective film 36, which electrically insulates the thick-film resistor from the floor 24.
  • the contact surface 38 to the heating resistor 28 is greater than about 30% greater than the contact surface 37 to the soldering surface 27th
  • Fig. 7 is denoted by 40 another temperature-dependent switch, which together with the support plate 25 from Fig. 4 can be used as the switch 10 off Fig. 1 ,
  • the switch 40 includes a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 41 which is housed in a housing 42.
  • the housing 42 has an upper part 43 made of insulating material, which closes an electrically conductive lower part 44 whose edge 45 defines the upper part 43 on the lower part 44.
  • the switching mechanism 41 comprises a spring snap-action disc 46 and a bimetal snap-action disc 47, which, together with the spring snap-action disc 46, is centrally penetrated by a pin-like rivet 48, by which these are mechanically connected to a current transfer member 49 in the form of a contact plate.
  • the spring snap-action disc 46 is clamped with its edge 51 between a circumferential shoulder 52 inside in the lower part 44 and a spacer ring 53, on which the upper part 43 rests with its inner side 54
  • the bimetallic snap disk 47 is supported with its edge 55 inside on the bottom 56 of the lower part 44.
  • the round, in the present case circular current transfer member 49 has in the direction of the upper part 43 in the circumferential direction, an electrically conductive contact surface 57 which cooperates with two stationary contact parts 58, 59, which are arranged on the inner side 54 of the upper part 43.
  • the stationary contact parts 58, 59 are formed as inner heads of contact rivets 61, 62, which pass through the upper part 43 and with their outer portions 63, 64 serve the external connection. Between the sections 63, 64 an insulating web 65 is provided. Remote from the web 65, a bottom 66 of the lower part 44 is formed as a thermal contact surface.
  • Fig. 8 the switch 40 is off Fig. 7 shown on the support plate 25, in connection with the 4 and 5 has been described.
  • the lower part 44 was with the in Fig. 8 soldered to unrecognizable first soldering surface 27 and lies with its bottom 66 with the interposition of the protective film 36 on the heating resistor 28.
  • Fig. 8 are also the attached to the two outer portions 63, 64 of the contact rivets 61, 62 connecting piece 67 and 68 can be seen, each having an upper, U-shaped tab 69 and 71, respectively.
  • the upper, U-shaped tabs 69, 71 folded down on the sections 63 and 64 and inserted into the form of "tunnel" usually stripped ends of connecting strands and soldered.
  • Fig. 9 In this way, it is shown that the tab 69 associated with the first stationary contact part 58 has been connected to a first pigtail 72 which forms the first external connection of the switch 40.
  • the second stationary contact part 59 associated tab 71 is electrically connected in a comparable manner with a connecting part 73 which is connected to the conductive lower part 44 via the edge 45 thereof.
  • the connecting part 73 is solder which electrically and mechanically connects the edge 45 to the connecting piece 68.
  • Soldering surface 29 is soldered to a second pigtail 74, which forms the second outer terminal.
  • the lower part 44 is connected to its bottom 66 via the first soldering surface 27 with the heating resistor 28, which is connected at its other end to the second soldering surface 29, to which the second pigtail 74 is soldered.
  • the switch 40 is like the switch 10 thermally coupled very well to the heating resistor 28, while at the same time electrically isolated from this. At the same time, the switch 40 is mechanically fixedly connected to the carrier plate 25 via the bottom 66 of the lower part 44 and the first soldering surface 27.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
EP12161290.7A 2011-03-29 2012-03-26 Commutateur thermodépendant avec résistance protectrice Not-in-force EP2506281B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110016133 DE102011016133B4 (de) 2011-03-29 2011-03-29 Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Vorwiderstand
DE102011104984A DE102011104984B4 (de) 2011-06-20 2011-06-20 Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Heizwiderstand auf Trägerplatte

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2506281A1 true EP2506281A1 (fr) 2012-10-03
EP2506281B1 EP2506281B1 (fr) 2015-10-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12161290.7A Not-in-force EP2506281B1 (fr) 2011-03-29 2012-03-26 Commutateur thermodépendant avec résistance protectrice

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EP (1) EP2506281B1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2846344A3 (fr) * 2013-08-07 2015-05-20 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Commutateur thermique
WO2015196320A1 (fr) * 2014-06-24 2015-12-30 广东福尔电子有限公司 Thermostat à connexion électrique fiable et son procédé de montage
CN111952117A (zh) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-17 马赛尔·P·霍夫萨埃斯 温控开关

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2121802A1 (de) 1971-05-03 1973-01-25 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwaechter
DE2644411A1 (de) 1976-10-01 1978-04-06 Hofsass P Temperaturwaechter
DE4142716A1 (de) 1991-12-21 1993-06-24 Microtherm Gmbh Thermoschalter
DE4428226C1 (de) * 1994-08-10 1995-10-12 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwächter
DE19507105C1 (de) * 1995-03-01 1996-05-15 Hofsaes Geb Zeitz Ulrika Temperaturwächter
DE19623570A1 (de) 1996-06-13 1998-01-02 Marcel Hofsaes Temperaturwächter mit einer Kaptonfolie
DE4336564C2 (de) 1992-11-03 2000-06-21 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwächter

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2121802A1 (de) 1971-05-03 1973-01-25 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwaechter
DE2644411A1 (de) 1976-10-01 1978-04-06 Hofsass P Temperaturwaechter
DE4142716A1 (de) 1991-12-21 1993-06-24 Microtherm Gmbh Thermoschalter
DE4336564C2 (de) 1992-11-03 2000-06-21 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwächter
DE4428226C1 (de) * 1994-08-10 1995-10-12 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwächter
DE19507105C1 (de) * 1995-03-01 1996-05-15 Hofsaes Geb Zeitz Ulrika Temperaturwächter
DE19623570A1 (de) 1996-06-13 1998-01-02 Marcel Hofsaes Temperaturwächter mit einer Kaptonfolie
DE19623570C2 (de) 1996-06-13 1998-05-28 Marcel Hofsaes Temperaturwächter mit einer Kaptonfolie

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2846344A3 (fr) * 2013-08-07 2015-05-20 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Commutateur thermique
US9691576B2 (en) 2013-08-07 2017-06-27 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperature-dependent switch
WO2015196320A1 (fr) * 2014-06-24 2015-12-30 广东福尔电子有限公司 Thermostat à connexion électrique fiable et son procédé de montage
CN111952117A (zh) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-17 马赛尔·P·霍夫萨埃斯 温控开关
US11901144B2 (en) 2019-05-14 2024-02-13 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperature-dependent switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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