EP2506272A1 - Aimant de levage à commutation rapide - Google Patents

Aimant de levage à commutation rapide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2506272A1
EP2506272A1 EP12160349A EP12160349A EP2506272A1 EP 2506272 A1 EP2506272 A1 EP 2506272A1 EP 12160349 A EP12160349 A EP 12160349A EP 12160349 A EP12160349 A EP 12160349A EP 2506272 A1 EP2506272 A1 EP 2506272A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
lifting magnet
short
plunger
magnet according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12160349A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2506272B1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Rekla
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KENDRION (DONAUESCHINGEN/ENGELSWIES) GMBH
Original Assignee
Kendrion Magnettechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Kendrion Magnettechnik GmbH filed Critical Kendrion Magnettechnik GmbH
Publication of EP2506272A1 publication Critical patent/EP2506272A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2506272B1 publication Critical patent/EP2506272B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lifting magnet according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a solenoid is, for example, in WO 2011/003547 A1 described.
  • the local lifting magnet combines the Lorentz force acting on the basis of an intended short-circuit ring with the reluctance force customary for lifting magnets when the exciting coil is energized. In this way, the holding force of the solenoid can be increased.
  • Fast-switching solenoids which operate according to the reluctance principle, regularly have an optimized compromise between fast current increase and high magnetic force.
  • the problem here is that large forces are required to accelerate the armature.
  • a large armature cross-section is required at a constant flux density.
  • the larger the anchor mass the more The armature begins to move more cumbersomely, since the mass must first be set in motion.
  • the inductance of the coil increases with increasing iron content of the magnetic circuit.
  • a large inductance requires a slower current increase.
  • a slow current increase of the coil also leads to a slower increase in the force-generating magnetic flux, which in turn has a slow movement of the armature result.
  • electrodynamic actuators which are based on the effect of Lorentz force.
  • a Lorentz force occurs when a current-carrying conductor is in a magnetic field, wherein the current-carrying conductor is movably mounted relative to the magnetic field.
  • This effect is illustrated by the well-known collaborative effort originally discovered by Eliho Thomson.
  • a ring of electrically conductive material for. As copper, arranged around an elongated coil with soft iron core. With a short current pulse through the coil, the ring jumps off the coil.
  • This principle is not common in actuators, since due to the large leakage field and other losses only a low efficiency is achieved. The required for such actuators fast switching of high currents is also technically complex.
  • the advantage of electrodynamic actuators lies in the fact that the short-circuiting ring is flooded by a rapidly changing magnetic field. As a result, a voltage is induced in the ring, which leads to a current which also generates a magnetic field. This field is directed counter to the excitation field from its direction. Seen from the outside, it seems that the inductance of the magnetic circuit is largely short-circuited. This is a fast Current increase nothing contrary. As a result, the ring abuts the exciting coil.
  • the invention aims to provide a lifting magnet which switches much faster compared to conventional solenoids of similar size.
  • a solenoid which combines a conventional solenoid, which operates on the principle of relunction, with an electrodynamic actuator with a short-circuit ring, the short-circuit ring is loosely coupled to the armature of the solenoid.
  • a fast-switching solenoid is thus achieved by the features of claim 1.
  • a second solution for a fast-switching solenoid with short-circuit ring is to arrange the pole core located in the lifting magnet with its end face facing the armature at least approximately on a plane which is defined by an upper end of the exciter coil.
  • the pole core does not protrude or at least not very far into the space wrapped by the exciter coil.
  • the end face of the pole core facing the armature projects as far as possible up to the middle of the space wrapped by the exciter coil.
  • This second solution is advantageously combined with the first solution.
  • the solenoid of FIG. 1 is designated by the reference numeral 10.
  • This solenoid 10 has a housing 10, which is part of a magnetic circuit.
  • the housing 11 has an upper housing cover 12 and a lower housing bottom 14, which are connected to each other via a rotationally symmetrical to the center axis X of the solenoid 10 housing wall 16.
  • a rotationally symmetrical housing wall 16 this can also be configured as a quadrangular or rectangular housing wall 16.
  • the housing wall 16 is made of metal.
  • the housing cover 12 and the housing bottom 14 may be made of metal, but also of other materials.
  • a pole core 20 which has a central bore 22 extending along the central axis X.
  • a plunger 40 which also penetrates an opening 12 located in the housing cover 12a.
  • a guide bush 43 is inserted.
  • one end of the plunger 40 is fixedly connected to an armature 30, preferably an anchor 30 made of steel.
  • the fixed connection of the plunger 40 with the armature 30 can be done for example by screwing.
  • the lower end of the plunger 40 has an external thread and the armature 30 has an opening with internal thread 36 into which the lower end of the plunger 40 can be screwed.
  • the plunger 40 is guided with the armature 30 axially movable along the center axis X.
  • the armature 30 is in the rest position and is, as shown, by way of example on the housing bottom 14.
  • the solid, block-shaped armature 30 is provided with a funnel-shaped opening 32.
  • the armature 30 is provided with a plurality of bores 34 which run axially parallel to the center axis X through the armature 30. These holes 34 ensure that when moving the armature 30 back and forth no "air pump action" occurs, so air can escape through the armature 30.
  • the armature 30 has on its side facing the pole core 20 via a flange-like extension 31 which annularly surrounding the plunger 40 and can dive into the central opening 22 of the pole core 20 when the armature 30 moves in the direction Polkern 20.
  • FIG. 1 the rest position of the solenoid 10 is shown.
  • an air gap 70 is formed between the opposite end faces of the pole core 20 and the armature 30.
  • This air gap 70 is at least partially surrounded by an excitation coil 50 which is wound on a coil core 52.
  • the pole core 20 has an end face 21 which faces the armature 30.
  • This end face 21 is at least approximately on a plane which is perpendicular to the center axis X and by the upper, the housing cover 12 facing the end of the exciter coil 50 is formed.
  • This level is in FIG. 1 shown by dashed lines and designated by the reference symbol E.
  • the armature 30 has an end face 37 facing the pole core 20.
  • This end face 37 lies at least approximately on a plane E2 which is defined by the lower end of the exciter coil 50.
  • This plane E2 is also dashed in FIG. 1 shown. ... of the solenoid, which is in FIG.
  • the excitation coil 50 thus surrounds an air gap 70, which is bounded by the mentioned planes E1 and E2 and thus by the end faces 21 of the pole core 20 and the end face 37 of the armature 30.
  • the air gap 70 thus has at least approximately, with respect to the center axis X, a height which corresponds to the length of the winding axis of the exciter coil 50.
  • a short-circuit ring 60 which is preferably formed of aluminum or copper.
  • This short-circuit ring 60 surrounds the pole core 20 annularly.
  • the short-circuit ring 60 has a significantly lower height than the pole core 20, so that the short-circuit ring 60 from his resting position in FIG. 1 in which it rests on the spool core 52 in the direction of the housing cover 12 can move.
  • the short-circuit ring 60 is over in FIG. 1 unrecognizable webs or at least one web with an inner flange 62 preferably integrally connected. This flange 62 is in the rest position of the solenoid 10 at an annular shoulder 42 of the plunger 40 flat.
  • the short-circuit ring 60 has an annular circumferential recess 64, which surrounds the coil 50, at least in sections annularly, as from FIG. 1 can be seen.
  • the housing wall 16 and the housing cover 12 are two separate parts, these two parts could also be integrally connected to each other. If it is the case cover 12 is a metal part, it is advantageous to provide a circumferential groove 13, so that materially a constriction A in the region of the groove 13 results. This constriction A ensures that the magnetic flux primarily does not flow over the housing cover 12 in the operation of the solenoid, but rather - as will be explained below - via the short-circuit ring 60th
  • FIG. 1 lifting magnets
  • the excitation coil 50 can be energized with a sufficient high current very quickly, preferably leaps and bounds.
  • a capacitor discharge device as shown schematically in FIG. 3 is shown.
  • As energy storage is a capacitor C, which forwards via a switch S a surge to the exciter coil 50 when closing the switch S.
  • the equivalent circuit of the exciter coil 50 consists of a conditional by the windings ohmic resistance R in series with an inductance L.
  • the short-circuit ring 60 which moves relative to the housing cover 12, absorbs the shoulder 42 and thus the plunger 40 during its movement via its flange 62. As a result, the armature 30 lifts in the direction of pole core 20. This happens extremely fast. However, since the charge of the capacitor C is limited, this rapid increase in current can not be maintained for long. The current curve flattens off, eventually falling off. Despite the still high amount of current in the short-circuit ring 60 then no large forces generated. However, the high magnetic force provided by the reluctance principle now acts in the armature 30. While the force provided by the short-circuit ring 60 decreases, the force provided by the reluctance principle increases even further.
  • FIG. 4 the power curves are shown schematically over time.
  • the reference numeral 100 is the through the shorting ring 60 provided electrodynamic force 100 denotes.
  • the reference numeral 102 designates the reluctance force.
  • the sum of both force curves 100 and 102 can be seen in the curve 108. It follows from the course of forces 108 that altogether a very strong and steeper increase in force occurs immediately after the excitation coil 50 has been energized.
  • the sum of the forces in the tip is almost twice as high as each individual force according to the curve 100 and the curve 102, respectively FIG. 2 is denoted by the reference numeral 104 nor the course of the coil current through the excitation coil over time and the reference numeral 106, the anchor position of the armature 30 applied.
  • FIG. 2 shows that off FIG. 1 known lifting magnet at the end of the movement of the armature 30, so the lifting magnet 10 in its stroke end position.
  • the short-circuit ring 60 with its flange 62 continue to rest against the shoulder 42 of the plunger 40.
  • the short-circuit ring 60 is loosely coupled to the plunger 40, so that upon movement of the short-circuit ring 60 at the beginning of the energization of the excitation coil 50, the plunger 40 on its shoulder 42 entrains and with decreasing Lorentz force through the short-circuit ring 60 in the direction of exciter coil 50 can fall off again, so that he does not have to be moved by the then taking over the movement reluctance force ..

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
EP20120160349 2011-03-30 2012-03-20 Aimant de levage à commutation rapide Active EP2506272B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110015576 DE102011015576B4 (de) 2011-03-30 2011-03-30 Schnellschaltender Hubmagnet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2506272A1 true EP2506272A1 (fr) 2012-10-03
EP2506272B1 EP2506272B1 (fr) 2013-10-02

Family

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EP20120160349 Active EP2506272B1 (fr) 2011-03-30 2012-03-20 Aimant de levage à commutation rapide

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EP (1) EP2506272B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011015576B4 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2779191A1 (fr) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-17 LSIS Co., Ltd. Actionneur de déclenchement de commutation de circuit d'alimentation électrique

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10224742B2 (en) 2015-01-18 2019-03-05 Powerpath Technologies Incorporated High efficiency uninterruptible power supply with near loss-less ultrafast electromechanical switching
DE102018001243A1 (de) * 2018-02-16 2019-08-22 Kendrion (Donaueschingen/Engelswies) GmbH Bistabiler elektromagnetischer Hubaktor sowie Drahtziehmaschine
DE102018216223B3 (de) 2018-09-24 2019-12-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aktor und Verfahren zur Betätigung eines Hochspannungsschalters

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19722013A1 (de) * 1997-05-27 1998-12-03 Steingroever Magnet Physik Magneto-mechanisches Kraftsystem
WO2008139250A1 (fr) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Kulygin, Viktor Ivanovych Organe de commande électrique combiné
WO2011003547A1 (fr) 2009-07-05 2011-01-13 Kendrion Magnettechnik Gmbh Actionneur électrodynamique

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE846736C (de) * 1951-02-02 1952-08-18 Metzenauer & Jung G M B H Wechselstrom-Magnet mit federnd gehaltenen Daempfungsringen
DE202008017033U1 (de) * 2008-12-30 2010-05-12 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19722013A1 (de) * 1997-05-27 1998-12-03 Steingroever Magnet Physik Magneto-mechanisches Kraftsystem
WO2008139250A1 (fr) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Kulygin, Viktor Ivanovych Organe de commande électrique combiné
WO2011003547A1 (fr) 2009-07-05 2011-01-13 Kendrion Magnettechnik Gmbh Actionneur électrodynamique

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2779191A1 (fr) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-17 LSIS Co., Ltd. Actionneur de déclenchement de commutation de circuit d'alimentation électrique

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Publication number Publication date
EP2506272B1 (fr) 2013-10-02
DE102011015576B4 (de) 2014-03-06
DE102011015576A1 (de) 2012-10-04

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