EP2505543B1 - Construction device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a construction work implement having a base frame, a mast arranged on the base frame and a winch having a rotatable cable drum for receiving a cable, according to the preamble of claim 1.

The construction work tool can in particular be a drill for creating bores in the ground. Such holes are needed for example for wells, for the purpose of ground improvement or to create bored piles and sealing walls. On the mast, a carriage may be arranged, which carries a drill drive for rotationally driving a drill string.

The rope of such a construction work implement can fulfill different functions. For example, it may be a carrying cable, which is guided over the mast head of the mast and carries a drill pipe or a drilling tool. Also, the rope may be adapted to suspend auxiliaries such as a breaker for releasing drill string elements thereon.

The winch with cable drum is preferably arranged on the base frame or chassis of the construction equipment. By a rotation of the cable drum, the rope can be wound on this or unwound from this.

A construction tool with a winch is for example in the EP 1 862 636 A1 or the EP 103 43 079 B3 described.

From the JP 2002 087763 A goes ein.Bauarbeitsgerät with a winch and a winding device with which the inlet position of the rope is adjustable. For this purpose, the winding device has a guide carriage whose position is adjusted depending on the number of revolutions of the winch.

Another winding device with guide carriage is from the JP 8 301 580 A1 known. To control the guide carriage, the position of the rope is detected on the cable drum.

The generic US 2004/069981 A1 teaches a winding device which has two tension rollers which serve as a rope brake. The pressure between the two rollers is adjustable.

Another winch with winding device and two spring-loaded guide rollers is from the US 6,811,112 B1 known.

The invention has for its object to provide a construction implement with a winch that allows a high Spulgüte and low wear of the rope even at low load on the rope.

The object is achieved by a construction implement with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims as well as in the description and the figures.

The construction work implement according to the invention is characterized in that the winch has a winding device which has a cable feed roller for guiding the cable, a guide carriage movable along an axis of rotation of the cable drum on which the cable feed roller is mounted, and a cable brake for tensioning the cable in an inlet region to the cable drum includes.

The unwound from the winch part of the rope is usually not free in a construction equipment of the type mentioned, but over a fixed cable guide, for example, at the head of the mast of the construction equipment, out.

A first basic idea of the invention is to provide, in addition to the optionally existing fixed cable guide, a winding device for the cable with which a rope entry angle of the cable can be adjusted to the cable drum. For setting a predetermined entry angle, a cable pulley movable along a longitudinal axis of the cable drum is provided, which guides the cable when winding and / or unwinding in the longitudinal direction of the cable drum and thus achieves a substantially radial cable entry onto the cable drum, irrespective of the axial position of the cable.

The rope feed roller is arranged according to the invention on a movable in the longitudinal direction of the cable drum guide carriage. The cable entry angle can thus be adjusted or adjusted by adjusting or moving the guide carriage. The cable entry roller, over which the cable is guided and which can also be referred to as a guide roller, can be rotatably mounted on the guide carriage.

A second basic idea of the invention is to improve the quality of winding by braking the cable, in particular during winding, before reaching the cable drum, so that the cable is tensioned in the region of the inlet to the cable drum. With the provided rope brake, a sufficient cable tension can be ensured during winding, even if no load hangs on the rope. This rope tension ensures a clean, correct winding of the rope on the Drum. Overall, a high Spulgüte and thus a low rope wear is achieved.

A particularly good Spulgüte is achieved in that the rope brake attached to the adjustable guide carriage and also in the longitudinal direction of the cable drum is movable.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cable brake on a braking device for braking a pulley on which the rope is guided. The rope brake may for example comprise a force acting on the rope pressure roller and / or brake pads, which act on the pulley. The cable pulley may in particular be the cable inlet roller of the winding device. Alternatively, however, the actively brakable pulley may also be provided in addition to the cable inlet roller. Preferably, the rope brake comprises at least two pulleys, between which the rope is guided.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the rope brake has a hydraulic actuating cylinder for actuating the braking device, in particular the pressure roller. The hydraulic actuating cylinder may in particular be a single-acting cylinder.

According to the invention, a control device is provided for automatically controlling the cable brake, which may also be referred to as a cable brake control device. The control device is preferably designed to vary a braking effect, in particular a braking force, of the cable brake. An increase or decrease in the braking effect is preferably carried out as a function of an operating state, in particular a state of stress, of the rope. About a measuring device, the instantaneous load on the rope is determined, which falls below a limit load value, the rope brake is activated.

The control device preferably comprises a counter or a counter for counting revolutions of the cable drum. The control device can be set up to adjust the braking effect of the cable brake as a function of counted revolutions of the cable drum. For example, if the length of the rope is known, it can be determined from the counted revolutions which Length of the rope still free, so not wound up. If this length falls below a predetermined value, then the cable brake can be activated or a braking effect of the cable brake can be increased in order to maintain sufficient tension in the cable. The control device is therefore preferably designed to control the rope brake as a function of counted revolutions of the cable drum.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the winding device for moving the guide carriage on a setting cylinder. The actuating cylinder is preferably a double-acting cylinder and further preferably a hydraulic cylinder. The actuating cylinder may comprise a cylinder housing which serves as a guide for the carriage.

For automatic winding with a high winding quality, a sensor device which is designed to detect a position of the cable in the longitudinal direction of the cable drum and a control device for controlling the movement of the guide carriage in dependence on a signal of the sensor device are preferably provided. The control device can also be referred to as a guide carriage control device and optionally form a unit with the cable brake control device.

When the rope is wound on the cable drum, it is guided by a previous wrap or any existing corrugation in the cable drum. This results in an axial movement of the rope, which is detected by the sensor device. In accordance with this detected axial movement of the rope, the control means controls the axial movement of the guide carriage so that the guide carriage automatically follows the axial movement of the rope. The direction of movement and speed of the guide carriage is thus determined by the axial movement of the rope. This automatic guidance of the rope is independent of the rope diameter and regardless of the rotational speed of the cable drum possible.

In a preferred variant, the sensor device is designed as a contact device. It is particularly preferred that a contact device is provided with at least one contacting of the rope contact area and that a control device is provided for controlling the movement of the guide carriage in response to a contacting of the at least one contact area through the rope. The guide carriage can thus be controlled by the contacting of a contact area. If the rope touches the contact area due to its axial movement, ie a change in the cable entry angle, the guide carriage or the guide roller is adjusted and retracted the rope according to its axial movement. There is thus an activation of the winding via a contact contact.

The movement of the guide carriage can basically be done gradually. In order to achieve a uniform movement of the guide carriage despite an optionally intermittent contacting of the contact region, however, it is preferred that the control device is designed to provide an output signal for a continuous or continuous movement of the guide carriage. The input signal of the control device can therefore be a discontinuous or intermittent signal of the contact unit. For improved cable guidance this is converted into a continuous motion signal as an output signal.

The at least one contact region is preferably arranged in the inlet region of the cable to the cable drum, in particular between cable inlet roller and cable drum. During the winding process, the rope thus first passes through the cable entry roller and optionally the actively brakable cable pulley and continues along the contact area to the cable drum.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the at least one contact region can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the cable drum. For this purpose, the contact region, preferably fixed, is arranged on the guide carriage and can be moved together with the guide carriage. In particular, it may be provided that the contact region is arranged in a fixed position with respect to the cable feed roller on the guide carriage, so that there is a defined distance between the cable feed roller and the contact region.

In particular for adaptation to different rope diameters and / or for adjusting the sensitivity of the automatic tracking of the rope feed roller, it is preferred that the position of the at least one contact region on the guide carriage is adjustable or adjustable. This is to be understood in particular that the distance between the contact region and the cable inlet roller, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the cable drum, can be changed. After an adjustment the contact area in the selected position can be determined so that it does not move relative to the cable inlet roller during operation of the device. In particular, it is preferred that the contact region is manually adjustable with respect to the guide roller.

For a tracking of the guide carriage in two directions, it is preferred that two contact regions are provided, wherein a movement of the guide carriage in a first direction and by a second contact region, a movement of the guide carriage in a second direction is controllable by a first contact region. The cable preferably passes through an opening between the two contact areas. Preferably, the first contact region is arranged on a first side in the longitudinal direction of the cable drum and the second contact region is arranged on a second side of the cable. Both contact areas should be contactable by the rope.

Furthermore, a switching device may be provided to switch the direction of movement of the guide carriage when the cable has reached an end position on the cable drum.

For this purpose, it is preferred that a stop for the guide carriage is provided, which is positioned so that the cable reaches an axial boundary, in particular a flange, the cable drum when the guide carriage touches the stop, and in a subsequent wrap to reverse the direction of movement of the guide carriage touches the second contact area. The rope thus contacts the first contact region for a forward movement of the guide carriage and the second contact region for a return movement. By changing from the contacting of the first contact region to the second contact region, a change of direction of the movement of the guide carriage is generated. The guide carriage thus always follows the direction of contact. To adapt to the geometric conditions of the winch, the contact areas are preferably adjustable.

Fig. 1:

eine teilweise geschnittene Vorderansicht einer Seilwinde für ein Bauarbeitsgerät;

Fig. 2:

ein Kernseil;

Fig. 3:

eine Ansicht der Seilwinde aus Fig. 1 von rechts;

Fig. 4:

eine Ansicht der Seilwinde aus Fig. 1 von links;

Fig. 5:

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Spulvorrichtung;

Fig. 6:

eine Rückansicht der Spulvorrichtung aus Fig. 5;

Fig. 7:

eine Ansicht der Spulvorrichtung aus Fig. 5 von oben;

Fig. 8:

eine Seitenansicht der Spulvorrichtung aus Fig. 5 von rechts und

Fig. 9:

eine Seitenansicht der Spulvorrichtung aus Fig. 5 von links.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. Hereby shows:

Fig. 1:

a partially sectioned front view of a winch for a construction work tool;

Fig. 2:

a core rope;

3:

a view of the winch Fig. 1 from the right;

4:

a view of the winch Fig. 1 from the left;

Fig. 5:

a perspective view of a winding device;

Fig. 6:

a rear view of the winding device Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7:

a view of the winding device Fig. 5 from above;

Fig. 8:

a side view of the winding device Fig. 5 from the right and

Fig. 9:

a side view of the winding device Fig. 5 from the left.

Equivalent components are identified by the same reference numerals in all figures.

An embodiment of a winch 10 according to the invention, in particular core winch, is in the FIGS. 1 . 3 and 4 shown. The winch 10 comprises a winch frame 12, on which a cable drum 14 is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis 15. The cable drum 14 comprises a drum shaft 16 and two flanged wheels 18 arranged at opposite axial ends of the drum shaft 16, which serve as axial delimitations of a cable 50 on the cable drum 14.

The rope 50 is preferably designed as a core rope, as in Fig. 2 shown. The core cable comprises a fastening device 51, in particular a fastening chain, for fastening the cable to an intercepting device.

The winch 10 has a winding device 20, which in more detail in the FIGS. 5 to 9 is shown. The winding device 20 is fastened to the winch frame 12 and comprises a frame 22, on which a guide carriage 30 is displaceably mounted along a longitudinal direction. The guide carriage 30 has a carriage frame 32, on which a cable feed roller 34, via which the cable 50 is guided, is rotatably mounted.

For guiding the guide carriage 30, the frame 22 has a guide rail 24. To move the guide carriage 30, an actuating cylinder 28 is provided, which is arranged within a cylinder housing 29 in the longitudinal direction of the cable drum 14. The actuating cylinder 28 is mounted on a cable inlet side of the winch 10 and carries the guide carriage 30. This is mounted linearly and mounted so that a radial cable inlet on the cable drum 14, especially in different cable layers, is guaranteed. The cylinder housing 29 of the adjusting cylinder 28 serves as an additional guide for the guide carriage 30th

On the frame 22, in particular on lateral frame plates 23 thereof, left and right-side stops 26 are provided for the guide carriage 30. The stops 26 limit the movement of the guide carriage 30 and are aligned so that the cable 50 reaches the flanged wheel 18 of the cable drum 14 when the guide carriage 30 touches one of the stops 26. To adjust the position of the stops 26 adjusting 27 are provided.

The winch 10 and the winding device 20 further comprises a cable brake 40 and a contact device 60, which are each constructed on the guide carriage 30.

The rope brake 40 has one or more pulleys 44, of which at least one is actively braked by means of a braking device 42. The braking effect is generated in the illustrated embodiment by an adjustable pressure roller 45, which can be pressed with variable pressure to the cable 50. Furthermore, the cable brake 40 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 46, which in particular may be a single-acting cylinder for actuating the braking device 42 or the pressure roller 45. The brake device 42 of the cable brake 40 may be integrated into the pulley 44.

The contact device 60 comprises two parallel, adjustable contacts or contact regions 62, between which the cable 50 is guided. The contacts or contact areas 62 are arranged along the cable 50 between the cable inlet roller 34 or cable pulley 44 and the cable drum 14.

The cable entry roller 34 and the brakable pulley 44 are arranged on two opposite sides of the cable 50. The incoming rope 50 passes through the Brake pulley 44, which may also be referred to as a rope brake roller, the cable inlet roller 34 and a preferably rectangular opening between the contact areas 62 to the cable drum 14th

The winch 10 comprises a hydraulic system or a hydraulic system for driving the cable drum 14, the guide carriage 30 and / or for actuating the cable brake 40. The hydraulic system is designed to ensure a uniform feed movement of the guide carriage 30 in both working directions. The movement of the guide carriage 30 can be automatically adapted by the contact device 60 to different cable speeds. The movements are independent of the direction of rotation of the cable drum 14. Preferably, a separate oil flow for the drive of the cable drum 14 and the drive of the winding device 20 and the guide carriage 30 is provided.

For controlling the guide carriage 30 and / or the cable brake 40, a control device 70 is provided.

A directional control valve for the control cylinder 28 is mounted at a suitable position in the vicinity of the adjusting cylinder 28 directly on the winch frame 12 and connected according to the hydraulic plan with the hydraulic system of the construction equipment and the actuating cylinder 28. On a pressure side of the hydraulic winch drive, a pressure switch is installed.

A directional control valve of the control device 70 is connected to the hydraulic system of the construction work implement and the hydraulic cylinder 46 of the cable brake 40 in accordance with the hydraulic plan.

The control device 70 and the optional valves are connected to an electrical system of the construction work device. The control device 70 is electrically connected to the contact device 60, with the cable 50, with operating elements and with the pressure switch and the valves according to an electrical circuit diagram. The controls include, for example, a switch for the brake on / off, a button for an automatic or manual mode and a control of the actuating cylinder 28 left / right.

An automatic mode when winding the cable 50 on the cable drum 14 is described below:

The operation of a conventional winch control element, for example, a hydraulic pilot control, leads to a pressure build-up in the hydraulic circuit of the winch 10. The signal of the pressure switch is evaluated by the controller 70 and the automatic mode is activated.

The guide carriage 30 rests, the cable 50 does not touch any of the two contact areas 62. The cable drum 14 begins to rotate and the cable 50 is guided over the winding device 20 as described above and according to drum grooving or smooth drums according to the possible position of the next looping on the cable drum 14 wound up. This results in an axial movement of the rope 50, so that it comes after a certain winding progress to a contact of the contact areas 62. As a result, an electrical contact is closed on the left or right, and the corresponding signal is evaluated by the control device 70. In response to the control device 70, the directional valve of the actuating cylinder 28 is driven so that the guide carriage 30 follows the direction of contact. Due to the system coupling, the time control of the valve thus compulsively follows the rotational speed of the cable drum 14.

The guide carriage 30 moves into an end position, that is, it runs against one of the mechanical stops 26. This is set so that the cable 50 reaches the flanged wheel 18 of the cable drum 14 and contacts the opposite contact area 62 on the first loop on the new layer. The evaluation of the signal by the control device 70 results in a change of direction of the actuating cylinder movement. The guide carriage 30 again follows the contact direction.

• Unter bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen oder Betriebszuständen kann es zu unerwünschten Systemreaktionen kommen. Beispielhaft sind eine Erstinbetriebnahme, eine Wiederinbetriebnahme des Systems in einer Stellung "Seillagenwechsel", grobe Fehlstellungen des Führungsschlittens 30, unzureichende Spulgenauigkeit und/oder notwendige Wartungsarbeiten genannt.

The following describes an alternative possible manual mode:

• Under certain operating conditions or operating conditions, undesired system reactions may occur. By way of example, a first commissioning, a restart of the system in a position "rope position change", gross malpositions of the guide carriage 30, insufficient Spulgenauigkeit and / or necessary maintenance called.

In these or other operating conditions or operating conditions, it may happen that the cable 50 can not touch any of the contact areas 62 or inadvertently creates a contact in the wrong direction. The carriage position may then be manually corrected or the carriage 30 may be deliberately misplaced. For this purpose, a so-called manual operation can be activated by means of a pushbutton, limited by the control for a limited time. This function makes it possible to correct the position of the guide carriage 30. The correction can also be carried out with the cable drum 14 stationary.

• Die Spulgüte beziehungsweise Spulgenauigkeit einer Winde hängt insbesondere vom Seileinlaufwinkel und der Last am Seil, letztlich der Seilspannung, ab. Die verfahrbare Seileinlaufrolle 34 beziehungsweise die Seilrolle 44 gewährleisten den Seileinlaufwinkel. Um eine ausreichende Spulgüte zu erreichen beziehungsweise ein Einsinken der Lagen ineinander bei mehrlagigem Spulen zu vermeiden, ist eine ausreichende Seilspannung erforderlich. Im Normalfall wird diese durch die Last am Windenseil 50 erzeugt. Die Seilbremse 40 wirkt hierbei unterstützend beziehungsweise ist für ein lastfreies Aufspulen des Seils 50 vorgesehen.

Hereinafter, a function of the rope brake 40 will be described.

• The Spulgüte or winding accuracy of a winch depends in particular on the rope inlet angle and the load on the rope, ultimately the rope tension from. The movable rope inlet roller 34 and the pulley 44 ensure the cable entry angle. In order to achieve a sufficient Spulgüte or to avoid sinking of the layers into each other in multi-layer coils, a sufficient cable tension is required. Normally, this is generated by the load on the winch 50. The rope brake 40 acts in this case supporting or is provided for a load-free winding of the rope 50.

By means of a switch for this purpose, a directional valve is actuated, which actuates the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 46. With this a sufficient wrap or a sufficient pressure of the rope 50 is achieved on the pulley 44 of the cable brake 40. The integrated braking device 42 can thus hold the cable 50 during winding alone or supportive to tension.

• Das Abspulen erfolgt in gleicher Weise wie das Aufspulen, das heißt der Führungsschlitten 30 fährt der Seilposition je nach Kontaktseite nach. Durch den Druckschalter wird das System erst durch die Windenbewegung freigegeben. Die Bremse ist nicht aktiv.

The following describes an automatic mode when unwinding:

• The unwinding takes place in the same manner as the winding, that is, the guide carriage 30 moves to the cable position depending on the contact side. By the pressure switch, the system is released only by the winch movement. The brake is not active.

Overall, the winding device 20 is characterized with guide carriage 30, cable inlet roller 34 and cable brake 40 by a free adaptability to conventional winches. A conventional winch can thus be easily retrofitted to a winch 10 according to the invention with winding device 20. In this case, the cylinder stroke or the cylinder length of the adjusting cylinder 28 at the dimensions of the existing winch, in particular their cable drum, are adjusted.

Claims (15)

1. Construction apparatus having

   - a base support,

   - a mast arranged on the base support and

   - a rope winch (10) with a rotatable rope drum (14) for receiving a rope (50), wherein the rope winch (10) has a winding device (20) which comprises

   - a rope run-in pulley (34) for guiding the rope (50),

   - a guide carriage (30) displaceable along an axis of rotation of the rope drum (14), on which the rope run-in pulley (34) is supported and

   - a rope brake (40) for tensioning the rope (50) in a run-in area towards the rope drum (14),

   characterized in that

   - a measuring means is provided, through which a current load on the rope (50) can be determined, and

   - a control means (70) for automatically controlling the rope brake (40) is provided, wherein the rope brake (40) can be activated, when the determined current load on the rope (50) falls short of a load limit value.
2. Construction apparatus according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the rope brake (40) has a brake means (42) for braking a rope pulley (44) over which the rope (50) is guided.
3. Construction apparatus according to claim 2,
   characterized in that
   the rope brake (40) has a hydraulic positioning cylinder (46) for actuating the brake means (42).
4. Construction apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   through the control means (70) a breaking force of the rope break (40) can be varied.
5. Construction apparatus according to claim 4,
   characterized in that
   the control means (70) comprises a counting means for counting revolutions of the rope drum (14).
6. Construction apparatus according to claim 4 or 5,
   characterized in that
   the control means (70) is designed to control the rope brake (40) as a function of counted revolutions of the rope drum (14).
7. Construction apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that
   the winding device (20) has a positioning cylinder (28) for displacing the guide carriage (30).
8. Construction apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that

   - a sensor means (60) having at least one sensor area (62) is provided, which is designed to detect a position of the rope (50) in the longitudinal direction of the rope drum (14) and

   - in that the control means (70) is provided for controlling the movement of the guide carriage (30) as a function of a signal of the sensor means (60).
9. Construction apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that

   - a contact means (60) having at least one contact area (62) that can be contacted by the rope (50) is provided and

   - in that a control means (70) is provided for controlling the movement of the guide carriage (30) as a function of a contacting of the at least one contact area (62) by the rope (50).
10. Construction apparatus according to claim 8 or 9,
    characterized in that
    the control means (70) is designed to provide an output signal for a constant movement of the guide carriage (30).
11. Construction apparatus according to claim 9 or 10,
    characterized in that
    the at least one contact area (62) is arranged in the run-in area of the rope (50) towards the rope drum (14).
12. Construction apparatus according to one of the claims 9 to 11,
    characterized in that
    the at least one contact area (62) is arranged on the guide carriage (30) and can be moved jointly with the guide carriage (30).
13. Construction apparatus according to claim 12,
    characterized in that
    a position of the at least one contact area (62) on the guide carriage (30) is adjustable.
14. Construction apparatus according to one of the claims 9 to 13,
    characterized in that
    two contact areas (62) are provided, whereby through a first contact area (62) a movement of the guide carriage (30) in a first direction and through a second contact area (62) a movement of the guide carriage (30) in a second direction can be controlled.
15. Construction apparatus according to claim 14,
    characterized in that
    a stop (26) for the guide carriage (30) is provided which is positioned such that the rope (50) reaches an axial boundary of the rope drum (14) when the guide carriage (30) contacts the stop (26) and, upon a subsequent winding, contacts the second contact area (62) for reversal of the movement direction of the guide carriage (30).

Images