EP2503404B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mechanischen Bauteils, insbesondere für Uhren - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mechanischen Bauteils, insbesondere für Uhren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2503404B1
EP2503404B1 EP11002390.0A EP11002390A EP2503404B1 EP 2503404 B1 EP2503404 B1 EP 2503404B1 EP 11002390 A EP11002390 A EP 11002390A EP 2503404 B1 EP2503404 B1 EP 2503404B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
length
attachment portion
plate
piece
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP11002390.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2503404A1 (de
Inventor
James Hide
Frédéric Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Patek Philippe SA Geneve
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Patek Philippe SA Geneve
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Priority to EP11002390.0A priority Critical patent/EP2503404B1/de
Publication of EP2503404A1 publication Critical patent/EP2503404A1/de
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Publication of EP2503404B1 publication Critical patent/EP2503404B1/de
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B5/00—Automatic winding up
    • G04B5/02—Automatic winding up by self-winding caused by the movement of the watch
    • G04B5/04—Automatic winding up by self-winding caused by the movement of the watch by oscillating weights the movement of which is limited
    • G04B5/06—Automatic winding up by self-winding caused by the movement of the watch by oscillating weights the movement of which is limited acting in one direction only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a mechanical component, in particular a watchmaker, and more particularly to a process for the micro-manufacture of such a component, that is to say a process whose machining precision is micron or less than one micron.
  • Silicon has several advantages, including its low density, elasticity, non-magnetism and ability to be machined by etching techniques.
  • the mechanical strength of the silicon, in particular its impact resistance is low because, on the one hand, the silicon does not deform plastically and, on the other hand, the rupture initiators propagate very easily along the its crystalline planes.
  • the micro-etching techniques used for the manufacture of silicon parts allow the simultaneous production of a batch of parts from the same silicon wafer.
  • silicon parts are left to form fasteners or bridges now each of the parts attached to the rest of the plate. These fasteners will later be broken to free the parts of the plate.
  • the fasteners may be broken only at the end of the manufacturing process, which implies that the reinforcing layer is formed, after etching, on the entire silicon wafer, including the parts and the fasteners.
  • the parts of the plate if there remain fastening parts on the parts, they are removed by machining or abrasion, for aesthetic reasons.
  • the areas of the surface of the final parts where the fasteners were located are made of silicon. In other words, they are not covered by the silicon oxide reinforcing layer since this layer was formed before the breakage of the fasteners.
  • a layer of silicon oxide can form naturally on these areas in contact with the ambient air, but this layer, because of its small thickness, has no effect on the mechanical strength of the parts.
  • These zones therefore constitute areas of weakness that will allow any breakaway primers to shock propagate inside the room and cause a rupture thereof.
  • the fragility of these areas is aggravated by the fact that their surface condition is generally worse than that of the rest of the room and they can form micro-cracks as soon as they form.
  • the fasteners if left on the final component, have a very advantageous technical effect in that they significantly increase the mechanical strength of the component. According to the present inventors, this effect is explained by the fact that the fasteners or attachment parts move the uncoated surfaces created by the detachment of the structure away from the rest of the outer surface of the component. This distance limits the propagation of the rupture primers.
  • said at least a portion of at least one fastener consists of at least a portion of each fastener.
  • the detachment step is preferably carried out by cutting the fasteners by machining means, for example by a laser.
  • the first material is, for example, silicon.
  • the second material is, for example, silicon oxide, diamond or silicon carbide.
  • the mechanical component consists of a composite part having at its periphery at least a part of greater density than the rest of the part.
  • the mechanical component consists for example of a pendulum or an oscillating weight for a watch mechanism.
  • a mechanical component manufactured by the method according to the invention is for example in the form of a balance 1 for a balance-type regulator-spiral member of a mechanical clockwork movement.
  • the rocker 1 comprises a structure 2 having a low density and, at the periphery of the structure 2, metal parts 3 having a high density.
  • the structure 2 comprises a board 4 of thickness e, which is typically constant.
  • the plate 4 has an annular central portion 5 through which can pass the shaft on which is intended to be mounted the balance, a serge 6, for example annular, arms 7 connecting the central portion 5 to the serge 6 and, in the serge 6, cavities 8 in which are located the metal parts 3.
  • the structure 2 also comprises flanges 9 projecting from the upper surface of the board 4.
  • the cavities 8 and the metal parts 3 have an elongated shape and a curve which follows the circular contour of the structure 2 and is regularly distributed along this circular contour.
  • the number and dimensions of the metal parts 3 may vary. Their function is to increase the serge 6 in order to increase the moment of inertia ratio on the mass of the pendulum.
  • the structure 2 is made of a base material 10, for example silicon, covered with a coating 11 intended to increase the mechanical strength of the component, in particular its impact strength.
  • the coating 11 is for example a silicon oxide layer or a layer of diamond or silicon carbide.
  • the pendulum 1 is manufactured according to a process similar to that described in the patent application WO 2008/135817 of the present applicant.
  • a plate of the base material is etched, preferably by Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE), to form a batch of pieces each having the shape of the structure 2, each of these parts being attached to the rest of the material. the plate by fasteners or bridges of material left during engraving.
  • the coating 11 is formed on all surfaces of the plate, including the surfaces of the parts and fasteners.
  • the metal parts 3 are formed in cavities defined by the coated parts, namely the cavities 8, by electroforming (galvanic growth). Finally, the pieces are detached from the plate.
  • DRIE Deep Reactive Ion Etching
  • the coating 11 can be formed by applying a heat treatment to the plate to oxidize its surfaces, as in the patent application WO 2008/135817 .
  • the coating 11 may be formed for example by a chemical vapor deposition or a physical vapor deposition.
  • the detachment of the parts of the plate is carried out in a manner which leaves fastening portions 12 on the parts, the spare parts with their attachment parts 12 constituting final components of the type of balance 1 ready to be integrated into a movement.
  • the attachment portions 12 protrude on the edge of each piece. These attachment portions 12 are covered by the covering 11 except on their end surface 13 created by the detachment of the parts of the plate.
  • the figure 4 partially shows a piece 14 as obtained just before detaching the plate, designated by the reference 15.
  • the piece 14 is attached to the rest of the plate 15 by fasteners 16, only one is shown. Elsewhere at the level of the fasteners 16, the part 14 is separated from the rest of the plate 15 by the etching line 17 whose width is typically constant.
  • the engraving line 17 forms a bend on each side of the fasteners 16 so as to define recesses 18 in the remainder of the plate 15 which make it possible to increase the length of the fasteners 16.
  • Each fastener 16 thus connects the piece 14 at the bottom of a recess 18 and therefore has the length of the sum of the width of the engraving line 17 and the depth of the recess 18.
  • the detachment of the part 14 is performed by cutting the fasteners 16 along a line 19 located between the opening and the bottom of the recess 18 by machining means such as a laser.
  • the portion 12 of the fastener 16 remaining on the final component has a long length L, greater than or equal to its width l and / or its thickness e measured at the end surface 13 (cf. figures 2 and 5 ).
  • the length L of the fastening portion 12 remaining on the final component is greater than the width 1 of said fastening portion 12.
  • the length L of the fastening portion 12 is typically greater than or equal to half the length of the fastener 16.
  • the present invention is particularly advantageous in the example shown where the rocker 1 is weighted at its periphery by parts of high density, namely the metal parts 3, and where its inner portion formed by the annular central portion 5 and the arms 7 is light.
  • the stresses received by the periphery of the balance 1, where the unprotected surfaces 13 are located, in the event of an axial impact experienced by the balance 1 can be very high.
  • the fasteners 16 can be placed in places that are known to be less stress. In the example shown, the fasteners 16 are located, in the circumferential direction, between the metal parts 3.
  • the fasteners 16 could be broken mechanically by applying a force or torque. In this case, to ensure that the attachment portions 12 have a sufficient length, the fasteners 16 would include a weak area, i.e. of smaller section, determining where the breakage should occur . In another variant, the fasteners 16 could be cut by chemical etching.
  • each fastener 16 While it is preferred that at least a portion of each fastener 16 be left on the final component, the present invention does not preclude the removal of some of the fasteners 16 if desired.
  • the coating 11 may not be formed on all surfaces of the base material plate, but for example only on its upper or lower surface.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mechanischen Bauteils, das dazu bestimmt ist, in einem Mechanismus montiert zu werden, insbesondere für Uhren, das die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Gravieren eines Teils, das eine gewünschte Form für das Bauteil aufweist, in einer Platte aus einem ersten Material (10) unter Bewahrung von Befestigungen zwischen dem Teil und dem Rest der Platte,
    - Bedecken der Platte mit einem zweiten Material (11), das dazu bestimmt ist, die mechanische Festigkeit des Bauteils zu erhöhen, wobei das zweite Material (11) somit das Teil und die Befestigungen bedeckt, und
    - Lösen des Teils (14) von der Platte (15),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Abschnitt (12) von mindestens einer Befestigung (16) auf dem Endbauteil (1) gelassen wird, das bereit ist, um in dem Mechanismus montiert zu werden, und dadurch, dass der mindestens eine Abschnitt (12) von mindestens einer Befestigung (16) auf dem Rand des Endbauteils (1) hervorsteht und mindestens eines der folgenden Merkmale aufweist:
    - eine Länge (L), die mindestens gleich seiner Breite (l) ist,
    - eine Länge (L), die mindestens gleich seiner Dicke (e) ist,
    - eine Länge (L), die mindestens gleich der Hälfte der Länge ist, die die Befestigung (16) vor dem Schritt des Lösens aufwies.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens ein Abschnitt (12) von mindestens einer Befestigung (16), der auf dem Endbauteil (1) gelassen wird, eine Länge (L) aufweist, die mindestens gleich seiner Breite (l) ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Abschnitt (12) von mindestens einer Befestigung (16), der auf dem Endbauteil (1) gelassen wird, eine Länge (L) aufweist, die mindestens gleich seiner Dicke (e) ist.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Abschnitt (12) von mindestens einer Befestigung (16), der auf dem Endbauteil (1) gelassen wird, eine Länge (L) aufweist, die mindestens gleich der Hälfte der Länge ist, die die Befestigung (16) vor dem Schritt des Lösens aufwies.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Abschnitt (12) von mindestens einer Befestigung (16) aus mindestens einem Abschnitt (12) von jeder Befestigung (16) besteht.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Lösens durch Schneiden der Befestigungen (16) durch Bearbeitungsmittel durchgeführt wird.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Lösens durch Schneiden der Befestigungen (16) durch einen Laser durchgeführt wird.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Material Silizium ist.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Material Siliziumoxid, Diamant oder Siliziumcarbid ist.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mechanische Bauteil aus einem Verbundteil (1) besteht, das an seiner Peripherie mindestens einen Abschnitt (3) mit höherer Dichte aufweist als der Rest des Teils (1).
  11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mechanische Bauteil aus einer Unruh (1) oder einer Schwungmasse für einen Mechanismus für Uhren besteht.
EP11002390.0A 2011-03-23 2011-03-23 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mechanischen Bauteils, insbesondere für Uhren Active EP2503404B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11002390.0A EP2503404B1 (de) 2011-03-23 2011-03-23 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mechanischen Bauteils, insbesondere für Uhren

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11002390.0A EP2503404B1 (de) 2011-03-23 2011-03-23 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mechanischen Bauteils, insbesondere für Uhren

Publications (2)

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EP2503404A1 EP2503404A1 (de) 2012-09-26
EP2503404B1 true EP2503404B1 (de) 2019-05-01

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3825782B1 (de) * 2019-11-25 2023-11-15 Patek Philippe SA Genève Verstärkte uhrenkomponente

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH696475A5 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2007-06-29 Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse Organe d'affichage analogique en matériau cristallin, pièce d'horlogerie pourvue d'un tel organe d'affichage et procédé pour sa fabrication.
DE602006004055D1 (de) 2005-06-28 2009-01-15 Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse Verstärktes mikromechanisches teil
CH714952B1 (fr) 2007-05-08 2019-10-31 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Composant horloger, son procédé de fabrication et application de ce procédé.
EP2145857B1 (de) * 2008-07-10 2014-03-19 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mikromechanischen Bauteils
CH699974A2 (fr) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-31 Nivarox Sa Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de micromécanique.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3825782B1 (de) * 2019-11-25 2023-11-15 Patek Philippe SA Genève Verstärkte uhrenkomponente

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