EP2499367B1 - Compressor having a valve arrangement - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a compressor for the compression of fluids, for example for the compression of refrigerants in household refrigerators.

For compression of fluids such as gases usually compressors are used, as described in the document WO 2008/047515 A1 are described. Such compressors comprise a cylinder block with a cylinder space in which a piston for generating cylinder positive and negative pressure is arranged to be movable. The cylinder chamber is closed by means of a valve system. Fig. 4 shows a cylinder space side view of such a valve system with a valve plate 401, in the corners of which mounting holes 403 are provided for securing the valve plate 401 in a housing. The valve plate 401 has a first valve 405 which is shaped as a valve blade and fixedly connected to the valve plate 401 by means of the rivets 407. The first valve 405 includes a valve tongue 409 for releasing or closing a first aperture which is in the in Fig. 4 shown position of the valve tongue 409 is covered by this. The valve plate 401 further includes a second aperture 411 which is centrally located. At the side facing away from the cylinder chamber of the valve plate 401, a second valve is attached, which closes or releases the second opening 411 in dependence on the pressure conditions prevailing in the cylinder chamber. These are determined by means of an in Fig. 4 Cylinder piston, not shown, generates the circumference 413 in Fig. 4 indicated by dashed lines. Due to the non-cylindrical arrangement of the rivets 407, however, there is also a non-cylindrical bending edge of the spring tongue 409, which must be optimized separately voltage for this reason, to ensure the desired bending properties of the valve tongue 409.

The publication GB 2 156 046 A shows a refrigerator compressor. The refrigerator compressor has a valve plate that includes an inlet port. Inside a cylinder, a valve sheet is arranged, which has a tongue, so that a valve is formed opposite to the inlet opening. The tongue has at different locations on a different width and is formed continuously and without recess.

The patent US 5,173,040 shows an air compressor. The air compressor includes a valve plate for covering a cylinder having an inlet and an outlet opening. Inside the cylinder, a V-shaped plate is arranged, which covers the inlet opening from the inside and thus forms a valve. The plate is screwed at its ends to the valve plate. The movable part of the plate is formed contiguous and without recesses.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a compressor with a more efficiently designed valve which can be arranged on the cylinder space side.

This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous forms of further education are the subject of the dependent claims.

The present invention is based on the recognition that a valve for a compressor can be made more efficient when a valve tongue of the valve along an intra-cylindrical bending edge is flexible.

Due to the inner cylindrical arrangement of the bending edge eliminates the need to optimize their properties. For this purpose, the valve can be annular, for example, so that it is inserted as an insert element between the valve plate and the cylinder space. This allows the valve to be manufactured and assembled with a high degree of valve operation reproducibility, high efficiency and reduced dead space, as well as a lower leakage rate. The annular valve shape also allows formation of important and required functional openings, such as gas outlets or sensor openings and sensor recesses in the valve plate. In addition, different valve variants can be used for example for different types of fluid or for different pressures, since no consideration must be taken to a bending edge guide.

The cylinder space side arranged valve can be provided, for example, to release the breakthrough at cylinder vacuum and close at cylinder overpressure. In this case, the cylinder chamber extends to the cylinder-side surface of the valve plate, which may optionally be provided with a seal. Due to the arrangement of the valve on the cylinder space side, it can be ensured that the valve tongue is optionally completely arranged and effective together with at least part of the surrounding holding frame in the cylinder space.

According to one aspect, the invention relates to a compressor having a cylinder with a cylinder space open at the end, wherein a valve plate is provided for closing the cylinder space at the front. Preferably, the valve plate comprises an opening to the cylinder chamber and a cylinder chamber side, ie between the cylinder chamber and the valve plate, arranged valve with a valve tongue for closing the opening, wherein a bending edge of the valve tongue extends within the cylinder chamber. Thus, an axial projection of the bending edge opens in the direction of the cylinder space in this. This ensures that a complex optimization of Bending edge is not necessary, so that different valves for different fluids or pressures can be produced cost-efficiently.

Due to the cylinder space side arrangement of the valve this is for example intended to release the breakthrough at cylinder vacuum and close at cylinder pressure. In this case, the cylinder chamber extends to the cylinder-side surface of the valve plate, which may optionally be provided with a seal. Due to the cylinder space side arrangement of the valve can be ensured that the valve tongue is effective in the cylinder chamber.

According to one embodiment, the bending edge is determined by a material change, in particular by a perforation or incision or material thickness change, in particular material thickness reduction, or indentation, whereby advantageously an easy determination of the properties of the bending edge is possible.

According to the invention, the valve tongue is resiliently mounted along the bending edge. This ensures in an advantageous manner that the valve tongue can spring along the bending edge, wherein the valve region outside the bending edge, for example, can be rigidly formed or attached.

According to one embodiment, the valve tongue is deflectable at the bending edge. The bending edge thus defines a deflection point at which the valve tongue is deflectable. For this purpose, the bending edge may be defined for example by a recess or by a notch or by a perforation or by a thinning of material, whereby the deflection of the valve tongue is forced at the bending edge in an advantageous manner.

According to one embodiment, the valve tongue is arranged completely within the cylinder space or, for example, attached to the valve plate. Thus, it is advantageously achieved that the valve tongue is effective only within the cylinder chamber. This eliminates the costly consideration of extra-cylindrical valve tongue sections in an optimization of the bending behavior of the valve tongue.

According to the invention, the valve comprises a holding tongue which at least partially surrounds the valve tongue, on which the valve tongue is resiliently mounted along the bending edge.

According to one embodiment, the holding frame surrounds or encloses the valve tongue at least partially or completely, so that the valve can be produced from a workpiece simply by punching out a valve tongue contour.

According to one embodiment, the holding frame between the valve plate and an end face of a cylinder wall surrounding the cylinder chamber is arranged. The holding frame may be at least partially clamped between the valve plate and the end face of the cylinder wall, whereby a holder of the valve is effected. In this way, the valve can be quickly replaced with another valve, without the need for fixed connections to be solved.

According to one embodiment, the valve tongue is a resilient projection of the holding frame, and therefore formed integrally therewith. As a result, an integral construction of the valve is made possible in an advantageous manner, in which the contours of the valve tongue can be formed by recesses formed in a workpiece.

According to one embodiment, the holding frame is at least partially or completely circular or rectangular, which allows a simple formation of the same. The valve tongue is preferably within a defined by the support frame circular or rectangular plane.

According to one embodiment, the holding frame seals the cylinder space against the valve plate, so that the valve is advantageously used for sealing the cylinder space.

According to one embodiment, the holding frame comprises a recess for receiving a positioning elevation, for example a positioning pin, which allows a simple and exact positioning of the valve. For this purpose, the valve plate and / or an end face of a cylinder wall surrounding the cylinder chamber and / or a compensation ring with one or more be provided corresponding positioning elevations or recesses for receiving, for example, positioning pins.

According to one embodiment, the valve plate comprises a recess arranged at least partially within the cylinder space, in particular a milling, for receiving the valve. As a result, a positionally accurate arrangement of the valve can be ensured.

In one embodiment, the valve is annular so that it can be inexpensively manufactured and easily assembled, for example, as an insert valve.

According to one embodiment, the valve plate is provided on the cylinder chamber side with a sealing layer which has a recess surrounding the valve or the valve tongue. As a result, the extra-cylindrical space is sealed in an advantageous manner while ensuring the operation of the valve.

According to one embodiment, the valve plate comprises a further opening, which can be closed by a further valve, which is arranged on a side facing away from the cylinder space of the valve plate.

According to one embodiment, the further valve comprises a valve tongue for closing the further opening and a retaining tongue which at least partially surrounds the valve tongue, the valve tongue being resiliently mounted on the holding frame. The further valve may also have further features of the above-mentioned cylinder chamber side valve.

According to one embodiment, a compensation ring may be provided for thickness compensation, which surrounds the valve tongue, for example, concentrically. Preferably, the compensation ring has a radius which is greater than a radius of a movable piston in the cylinder chamber, so that it can be guided into the balancing ring, whereby a dead space can be reduced. The compensating ring is particularly advantageous when the valve plate is provided with a sealing layer whose thickness is to be compensated.

According to one embodiment, the valve tongue comprises an outer edge region, which is provided for closing the opening. Centrally, the valve tongue may have a recess, for example, not to obscure a further breakthrough in the valve plate, which can be closed by a back valve.

According to a further aspect, the invention relates to a refrigeration device with the compressor according to the invention for compressing a refrigerant. Under refrigeration device is in particular a household refrigeration appliance understood, ie a refrigerator, which is used for housekeeping in households or in the catering sector, and in particular serves to store food and / or drinks at certain temperatures, such as a refrigerator, a freezer, a Kühlgefrierkombination, a Freezer or a wine fridge.

Fig. 1

eine Ventilanordnung;

Fig. 2

einen Verdichter; und

Fig. 3

eine Ventilanordnung;

Fig. 4

eine Ventilanordnung.

Further embodiments will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a valve assembly;

Fig. 2

a compressor; and

Fig. 3

a valve assembly;

Fig. 4

a valve assembly.

In the Fig. 1 schematically illustrated valve assembly includes a valve plate 101, in the corners of boreholes 103 are arranged. Further, a valve 105 is provided, which has a holding frame 107 which is circular, for example, and surrounds a valve tongue 109. The valve tongue 109 is preferably flexible along a bending edge 110 which extends within the cylinder space. This ensures that the valve tongue 109 can fully spring within the cylinder space.

The valve tongue 109 is resiliently mounted on the support frame 107 and formed, for example, as a resilient, internal projection of the support frame 107. The valve tongue 109 includes an outer edge portion which is for releasing or closing an in Fig. 1 Dashed line 111 is provided in the valve plate 101 is provided. The valve plate 101 may have a further opening 115 which, for example, is arranged centrally and may be closable by means of a valve arranged on the valve plate 101 on the rear side. In this case, the valve tongue 109 has a recess 113 so as not to obstruct the further opening 115.

According to one embodiment, the valve tongue 109 may be connected inside cylinder directly with the valve plate, for example by gluing or by riveting or by soldering. However, the valve tongue may also have extra-cylindrical areas. In this case, the course of the bending edge can be generated or forced, for example, by an inner cylindrical indentation or perforation or material thinning.

According to one embodiment, the surfaces of the valve tongue 109 and the holding frame 107 lie in a plane, wherein the holding frame 107 may extend to a circular contour 117. According to a further embodiment, a compensation ring 119 may be provided, which surrounds the valve tongue 109 and extends outwardly to the circular contour 117. If the thickness of the valve 105 is less than a thickness of a sealing layer with which the valve plate 101 can be provided, the difference in thickness can be compensated by the aforesaid compensating ring 119, which may have a defined rolling edge. The balancing ring 119 can be used either as an elevation on the valve plate 101 or as an elevation on the cylinder. The compensation ring 119 preferably has a radius which allows a passage of a piston through the valve tongue 109. The seal can be laterally in Fig. 1 have indicated recesses 121, which can lead to a minimization of deformation of the seal at different pressure conditions. The valve 105 may, for example, be shaped in the shape of a valve ring and / or have a thickness between 0.15 and 0.25 mm.

Optionally, the valve plate 101 is provided with a bypass opening 121 and with a Saugzuführöffnung 123. The valve plate 101 may further Positioning recesses 125 have, which allow positioning of the valve plate 101 with respect to the cylinder chamber or in a housing of a compressor. Furthermore, in Fig. 1 back fastening rivets 127 indicated, which are provided for fastening a further opening 115 closing valve. To minimize the loss and to ensure a valve function, the valve 105 can be advantageously positioned relative to the valve plate 101 via dowel pins, which can be accommodated in the recesses 128 in the support frame 107 and in the compensation ring 119.

By the in Fig. 1 shown ring assembly is achieved that the valve dimensions can be smaller with the same functionality, resulting in a reduction of manufacturing and assembly tolerances. In addition, instead of a double metal bead seal, a simple metal bead seal can be used, which allows a further cost reduction. Furthermore, the resulting component composite can be better tuned and subject to tighter tolerances. This in Fig. 1 illustrated valve 105 allows due to the internal valve tongue 109 a high reproducibility and efficiency in the cooling capacity, if the compressor containing this compressor is used in a refrigeration device. One reason for this is a small dead space, which allows a reduction of manufacturing and assembly tolerances.

Fig. 2 shows a section of a compressor with the in Fig. 1 illustrated valve assembly. The compressor comprises a cylinder 201 with a cylinder chamber 203, in which a piston 205 is movable. The valve plate 101 includes an opening 207, which may correspond to the opening 111 and is closed by means of the valve tongue 109 at cylinder overpressure. Furthermore, a further valve 209 is provided on the back, which serves for releasing or closing the further opening 115 and may be shaped, for example, in the form of a lamella. However, the further valve 209 may also be annular and have an outer holding frame, which is provided for holding an inner valve tongue.

The valve plate 101 may be provided on the back side with a sealing layer 211 whose thickness is greater than the thickness of the valve 105. The sealing layer 211 is preferably recessed around the valve 105, resulting in a difference in thickness between a Cylinder space 203 facing surface of the sealing layer and a valve surface can result. To compensate for the thickness difference, a compensation ring 213 may be provided, the diameter of which is preferably selected so that the piston 205 can be moved through the compensation ring 213 in the direction of the valve 105.

According to one embodiment, to position the valve plate 101, a positioning pin 215 may be provided in corresponding seats in the valve plate 101 and in the balance ring 213 or in a cylinder wall.

Preferably, a valve edge, which may be an outer portion of the holding frame 107 overlaps the cylinder opening and thus serves as a clamping and sealing point. The valve edge can also protrude into the interior of the cylinder chamber 203, for example laterally, and form a rigid clamping point for the elastic valve tongue 109, which may be an elastic Lammellenteil. This ensures that the valve tongue 109 can move only in the interior of the cylinder chamber 203. In this case, a spring rate of the valve tongue 109 and the moving mass is consistent with the rigid clamping point. Furthermore, different geometries of the valve tongue 109 or of the valve can be used, for example, to release or close more than one passage opening in the valve plate.

In the in Fig. 2 illustrated position of the piston 205, an overpressure is generated for example in the cylinder chamber 203, whereby the valve tongue 109 closes the opening 207. The valve tongue 109 acts exclusively in the cylinder chamber 213, because the bending edge extends in the cylinder chamber 213. In the event of overpressure, the valve 209 is pushed back, as a result of which the further opening 207 is released, so that a fluid which has reached the cylinder space 203 via the opening 207 at negative pressure is pressed out of the cylinder space 203 again.

Fig. 3 shows a cylinder space side view of a valve assembly with a valve plate 301, in the corners of which mounting holes 303 are provided for securing the valve plate 301 in a housing. The valve plate 301 has a valve 305, which is formed as a valve blade and fixedly connected to the valve plate 301 by means of the rivets 307. The valve 305 includes a valve tongue 309 for releasing or closing a valve first breakthrough, which in the in Fig. 3 shown position of the valve tongue 309 is covered by this. The valve plate 301 further includes a second aperture 311 which is centrally located. On the side facing away from the cylinder chamber of the valve plate 301, a further valve is attached, which closes or releases the second opening 311 in dependence on the pressure conditions prevailing in the cylinder chamber. The further valve may have the characteristics of the valves 105 and 305.

To ensure that the valve tongue 309 springs inside the cylinder, it is provided with an inner cylindrical bending edge 313 which extends within the cylinder space circumference 315 indicated by dashed lines. The bending edge may, for example, be straight or wavy or curved. The valve tongue 309 may be cut to define the course of the bending edge, for example, or have a change in material thickness or a notch or a perforation or lateral recesses. In this way, despite the non-cylindrical attachment of the valve tongue 309 can be ensured that their effective portion due to the inner cylindrical bending edge 313 can cylindrically spring, so that no separate voltage optimization of the bending edge is necessary.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

101

valve plate

103

wells

105

Valve

107

holding frame

109

valve tongue

110

bending edge

111

breakthrough

113

recess

115

breakthrough

119

compensation ring

117

contour

121

Bypass opening

123

Saugzuführöffnung

125

positioning recesses

127

fixing rivets

128

recesses

201

cylinder

203

cylinder space

205

piston

207

breakthrough

209

Another valve

211

sealing layer

213

compensation ring

215

positioning

301

valve plate

303

mounting holes

305

suction

307

rivet

309

valve tongue

311

Pressure breakthrough

313

bending edge

315

Cylinder gamut

401

valve plate

403

mounting holes

405

suction

407

rivet

409

valve tongue

411

Pressure breakthrough

413

Cylinder gamut

Claims (13)

1. Compressor, having a cylinder with a cylinder chamber (203) open at its end face, having a valve plate (101) to close off the end face of the cylinder chamber (203), the valve plate (101) having an opening (207) to the cylinder chamber (203), and having a valve (105) disposed on the cylinder chamber side with a valve tongue (109) for closing off the opening (207), the valve tongue (109) having a bending edge (110), which runs within the cylinder chamber (203) and the valve (105) having a holding frame (107) that at least partially encloses the valve tongue (109), on which holding frame (107) the valve tongue (109) is supported in a resilient manner along the bending edge (110), characterised in that the valve tongue (109) has a cutout (113).
2. Compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that the bending edge (110) is established by a material change, in particular by a perforation or cut or material thickness change or indentation.
3. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the valve tongue (109) can be deflected at the bending edge (110).
4. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the valve tongue (109) is disposed or fastened completely within the cylinder chamber (203), in particular is fastened to the valve plate (101).
5. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the holding frame (107) at least partially encloses or surrounds the valve tongue.
6. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the holding frame (107) is disposed between the valve plate (101) and end face of a cylinder wall enclosing the cylinder chamber (203).
7. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the holding frame (107) seals the cylinder chamber (203) off from the valve plate (101).
8. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the valve plate (101) has a recess disposed at least partially within the cylinder chamber (203), in particular milling, to hold the valve (105).
9. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the valve (105) is annular.
10. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the valve plate is provided with a sealing layer (211) on the cylinder chamber side, said sealing layer (211) having a cutout that encloses the valve (101) or the valve tongue (109).
11. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the valve plate (101) has a further opening (115), which can be closed off by a further valve (209), which is disposed on a face of the valve plate (101) facing away from the cylinder chamber (203).
12. Compressor according to claim 11, characterised in that the further valve (209) has a valve tongue (209) for closing off the further opening (115) and a holding frame at least partially enclosing the valve tongue (209), the valve tongue (209) being supported on the holding frame in a resilient manner.
13. Refrigeration appliance, in particular a household refrigeration appliance, having the compressor according to one of claims 1 to 12 to compress a refrigerant.

Images