EP2498269B1 - Commutateur mécanique multi-contacts à enclenchement rapide - Google Patents

Commutateur mécanique multi-contacts à enclenchement rapide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2498269B1
EP2498269B1 EP12157941.1A EP12157941A EP2498269B1 EP 2498269 B1 EP2498269 B1 EP 2498269B1 EP 12157941 A EP12157941 A EP 12157941A EP 2498269 B1 EP2498269 B1 EP 2498269B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
push
button
snap means
snap
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12157941.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2498269A1 (fr
Inventor
Michelangelo Bono
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bitron SpA
Original Assignee
Bitron SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bitron SpA filed Critical Bitron SpA
Publication of EP2498269A1 publication Critical patent/EP2498269A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2498269B1 publication Critical patent/EP2498269B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H23/00—Tumbler or rocker switches, i.e. switches characterised by being operated by rocking an operating member in the form of a rocker button
    • H01H23/02—Details
    • H01H23/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H23/16—Driving mechanisms
    • H01H23/20—Driving mechanisms having snap action
    • H01H23/205—Driving mechanisms having snap action using a compression spring between tumbler and an articulated contact plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02—Details
    • H01H21/18—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H21/22—Operating parts, e.g. handle
    • H01H2021/225—Operating parts, e.g. handle with push-pull operation, e.g. which can be pivoted in both directions by pushing or pulling on the same extremity of the operating member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/024—Avoid unwanted operation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to multi-contact mechanical switches, in particular to snap-fast switches, preferably applied to low-power circuits.
  • switches are required whose switching time is as short as possible.
  • Snap-fast switches are known in the low-power electronics field which reduce the switching time to a minimum and which prevent the risk that, due to slow actuation or excessively light force applied to a lever thereof, the switch might return to the initial position.
  • a further technical problem of snap-fast switches applied to low-power electronics is bounce elimination, in particular in digital electronic circuits.
  • Multi-contact snap-fast switches are known which comprise complex systems of springs and elastic elements which are very costly and difficult to implement, in addition to increasing the dimensions of the switch itself.
  • a further unsolved problem of the prior art concerns the risk that the switch might switch or a contact might open, even for a very short time, because of vibrations or forces, even very light ones, applied to the switch push-button.
  • One aspect of the present invention relates to a multi-contact snap-fast switch having the features set out in the appended claim 1.
  • the multi-contact mechanical snap-fast switch preferably for low-power circuits, comprises a push-button 2 secured to a housing structure 3 in order to be able to rotate about, preferably being horizontally pivoted to, a fulcrum " ⁇ "; at least one rod 4, constrained at one end to push-button 2 and moving integrally therewith, so as to slide along an axis "X" of push-button 2 itself within a guide 21 comprised in push-button 2, countered by at least one elastic means 41.
  • Said housing structure 3 which is adapted to ensure mechanical protection of the switch components, comprises the rod and at least one flared structure, which is preferably adapted to define the angle of oscillation of push-button 2.
  • the structure further comprises a support portion 31 whereto a printed circuit 33 is secured, which is acted upon by at least one module "M" comprising at least a first contact 5a and a second contact 5b, preferably opposite to each other.
  • Said at least one module “M” is acted upon by at least one actuating mechanism, which is electrically insulated from each module “M” and which comprises a first oscillating snap means 61, preferably rotatable about a first fulcrum “S” depending on the inclination of push-button 2, and a second oscillating snap means 62, secured to a second fulcrum “T” and comprising an activation portion 621 acted upon by the same rod 4.
  • Said second snap means 62 acts upon the first snap means 61, thereby causing it to oscillate about fulcrum "S", so that said first means 61 will act upon contact 5a or 5b as a function of the inclination of push-button 2, the switching of contacts 5a, 5b occurring only when a predetermined angle of inclination " ⁇ " of push-button 2 is reached.
  • the switch also comprises at least one interlock means adapted to lock the first snap means 61 at at least one end-of-travel point thereof, thereby preventing any unintentional movement of the same, and at least one release element adapted to disengage the first snap means 61 from the interlock means when push-button 2 reaches a predetermined angle of inclination " ⁇ ", thereby allowing it to move again.
  • This solution allows determining the exact instant of switching between the two contacts (5a, 5b).
  • the switch according to the present invention is preferably employed in terrestrial and naval vehicles for actuating electric circuits adapted to activate/deactivate electromechanical devices installed in said vehicles.
  • support portion 31 comprises a plurality of electric connectors 32 adapted to be electrically connected to a further electronic circuit.
  • Printed circuit 33 secured to support portion 31, comprises a plurality of conductive tracks electrically connected to said electric contacts 32, in accordance with a predetermined circuit diagram, through a low-impedance path.
  • said printed circuit 33 is acted upon by a plurality of modules "M", each comprising at least a first contact 5a and a second contact 5b arranged opposite to each other, and an insulating pad, e.g. made of silicone-based material, incorporating said contacts 5a and 5b.
  • modules "M” each comprising at least a first contact 5a and a second contact 5b arranged opposite to each other, and an insulating pad, e.g. made of silicone-based material, incorporating said contacts 5a and 5b.
  • Each one of said first and second contacts 5a, 5b comprises at least one conductive portion 51, e.g. made of metallic material, and at least one dome 52, to which said contact portion 51 is secured.
  • Each dome 52 is adapted to act upon the associated conductive portion 51 when dome 52 itself is pressed, so as to lower conductive portion 51 until it comes in contact with the surface of printed circuit 33, thereby creating a low-impedance path where electric current can flow, thus closing the associated contact 5a, 5b.
  • module “M” comprises contacts 5A and 5B which comprise a foil 53, preferably made of metal, which is so shaped that, when the first snap means reaches its end of travel, said foil 53 will press against the surface of printed circuit 33, thereby closing a contact 5a, 5b.
  • a first end of said foil 53 is constrained to the first snap means 61, preferably to contact portion 611, whereas a second end is free and is adapted to press against the surface of printed circuit 33.
  • first snap means 61 is positioned between first contact 5a and second contact 5b, rotatable about fulcrum "S", which is preferably located above the plane described by the surface of printed circuit 33.
  • fulcrum “S” is offset relative to a vertical straight line parallel to an axis "Z” passing through fulcrum " ⁇ ", thereby generating, for each module "M”, a normally closed contact, preferably 5a, and a normally open contact, e.g. 5b.
  • fulcrum "S” and fulcrum “ ⁇ ” are aligned with the vertical straight line parallel to axis "Z", thereby generating a changeover switch capable of switching between two contacts 5a, 5b.
  • Said first snap means 61 comprised in the actuating mechanism, preferably has a "V" flared shape, e.g. hollow inside, wherein at each lateral end of said snap means 61 there is a contact portion 611 adapted to act upon said domes 52.
  • First fulcrum "S”, about which first snap means 61 rotates, is arranged transversally with respect to both a vertical axis "Z" and the plane defined by printed circuit 33, visible in Figs. 1A and 1B .
  • Second fulcrum "T”, about which second snap means 62 rotates, is preferably built in first snap means 61 through, for example, a pin mounted transversally relative to vertical axis "Z" and parallel to the axis of fulcrum "S".
  • Said fulcrum "T” is preferably located under the plane described by the surface of printed circuit 33, changing its relative position within structure 3 of the switch as a function of the oscillation of the first snap element 61 about fulcrum "S".
  • Second snap means 62 is rotatably secured to fulcrum "T” and is preferably positioned inside the flared structure of first snap means 61, which defines the angle within which second snap means 62 can rotate about fulcrum "T".
  • Activation portion 621 of second snap means 62 comprises two inclined planes opposite to each other, thus generating, in the embodiment shown in the drawings, a second snap means 62 shaped like a "Y".
  • the second fulcrum "T" when in the idle operating condition, is in an offset position with respect to the mean point between contacts 5a, 5b, e.g. in the proximity of the normally open contact 5b.
  • the second fulcrum "T” changes its relative position in housing structure 3, positioning itself preferably in the proximity of contact 5a, 5b. Due to the switching of the contacts themselves, it thus becomes an open contact, since it is secured to the first snap means 61, which in turn rotates about fulcrum "S", as shown in detail in Figs. 1B and 6B , during the push operating step.
  • activation portion 621 is acted upon by rod 4, which tends to slide on the inclined plane comprised in activation portion 621, corresponding to the direction opposite to that in which push-button 2 moves.
  • the switching mechanism takes a configuration wherein fulcrum “T” arranges itself in substantial alignment with fulcrum “S”, with a vertical axis parallel to axis "Z".
  • the phrase 'fulcrum “T” arranges itself in substantial alignment with fulcrum “S”' means that, with reference to a vertical axis crossing fulcrum “T”, fulcrum “S” is not intersected, being at a short distance from the same axis.
  • the limit angle of inclination of push-button 2 beyond which contacts 5a, 5b are switched is smaller than 20°.
  • first snap means 61 allows it to, when it reaches the end of its travel, act upon dome 52 of second contact 5b through contact portion 611, thereby closing contact 5a or 5b by means of conductive portion 51.
  • the preferred embodiment of the switch according to the present invention comprises at least two modules "M", each comprising contacts 5a and 5b, which are arranged in an alternate fashion, so that two adjacent modules "M” have reversed contacts 5a and 5b, i.e. two adjacent contacts of two adjacent modules "M” are in opposite operating states when the switch is in the idle operating configuration.
  • An actuating mechanism is associated with each module “M”; the mechanisms are arranged opposite to each other, in a manner such that fulcrums "S" of adjacent actuating mechanisms are offset.
  • each actuating mechanism can switch contacts 5a, 5b of the associated module only in one operating configuration of the switch.
  • the switch according to the present invention comprises an interlock means and a release element, respectively adapted to lock and release, in a controlled manner, each first snap means 61 associated with single modules "M".
  • second snap means 62 As it rotates about fulcrum "T" and push-button 2 goes past said limit angle, starts acting upon first snap means 61.
  • the release element disengages first snap means 61, so that the force applied to push-button 2 can be transferred, through rod 4, towards the actuating mechanism, thereby causing the switching of the two contacts 5a, 5b of associated module "M".
  • first snap means 61 is locked by an interlock means, which locks said snap means 61 to prevent it from executing any unintentional switching.
  • each switch comprises, for each module "M”, at least two interlock means, i.e. one for each end-of-travel point of each first snap means 61.
  • interlock means arranged under fulcrum "T" with respect to axis "Z", each comprising at least one shaped foil 7 adapted to engage with at least one cavity 612 comprised in the lower portion of first snap means 61, as shown in Fig. 4 .
  • Foils 7 are preferably parallel to the plane of printed circuit 33, equidistant from first fulcrum "S", so as to lock first snap means 61 at both end-of-travel points of snap means 61.
  • each foil 7 is secured to support portion 31, thus creating a cantilever, whereas the second end, which is free, can oscillate.
  • each foil 7 is so shaped as to engage with cavity 612 comprised in the lower portion of first snap means 61.
  • Each foil is preferably made of metallic material, e.g. aluminium, or, as an alternative, of plastic material.
  • each second snap means 62 comprises the release element, e.g. in the lower portion of snap means 62 itself.
  • Said release element comprises at least one, but preferably two, protrusions 71 arranged at the sides of the lower portion of snap means 62, which are adapted to act upon associated shaped foils 7 in order to disengage first snap means 61.
  • protrusions 71 are such that they exert a force onto foils 7 along an axis preferably parallel to axis "Z" when second snap means 62 is rotating about fulcrum "T", after push-button 2 has exceeded a predetermined limit angle.
  • Each one of said protrusions 71 of the release element is preferably made of plastic material, just like second snap means 62.
  • the foil Under the action of protrusions 71 of the release element, the foil flexes and disengages from cavity 612, thus releasing first snap means 61 when the angle of inclination of push-button 2 has exceeded the limit angle, thereby bringing second snap means 62 in abutment with first snap means 61.
  • first snap means 61 The oscillation of first snap means 61 up to the end of its travel allows contact portions 611 to act upon contact 5a, 5b, thereby closing it; at the same time, shaped foil 7, positioned at the opposite end-of-travel point of first snap means 61, will lock again the first snap means.
  • push-button 2 For a new switching to be possible, push-button 2 must reach an angle of inclination " ⁇ " greater than the limit angle.
  • first snap means 61 is disengaged through the action of protrusions 71 upon foil 7 associated with the actuating mechanism that performed the switching of the contacts when push-button 2 was tilted.
  • the stiffness of shaped foils 7 prevents disengagement by associated protrusions 71 until a minimum force is reached which allows protrusion 71 to bend foil 7 and disengage first snap means 61, thus preventing any unintentional switching caused by a light pressure being applied to push-button 2.
  • the present solution allows to obtain snap-fast switches capable of switching within times shorter than 20ms, with considerably reduced start time uncertainty.
  • the switch according to the present invention allows to reduce uncertainty as to the instant at which the switching between one contact and the other begins.
  • the switch with interlock means and release elements allows to eliminate any uncertainty caused by the elastic constant of the contact, since the start of the switching action is totally bound to the angle of inclination " ⁇ " of push-button 2.
  • the switch according to the present invention is insensitive to friction and force variations.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Commutateur mécanique multi-contacts à enclenchement rapide comprenant un bouton-poussoir (2) et une structure de boîtier (3), à laquelle est fixé le bouton-poussoir (2) afin de pouvoir tourner autour d'un point d'appui (O), au moins une tige (4) contrainte à une extrémité par le bouton-poussoir (2) et se déplaçant intégralement avec lui, contrée par au moins un ressort hélicoïdal (41), ladite structure de boîtier (3) comprend une partie de support (31) apte à supporter un circuit imprimé, auquel un dit circuit imprimé (33) est fixé, qui est actionné par au moins un module; chaque module est réalisé par au moins un premier contact (5A) apte à être normalement fermé, et un second contact (5B) apte à être normalement ouvert ;
    lesdits contacts (5A, 5B) sont actionnés par un mécanisme d'actionnement qui comprend un premier moyen d'enclenchement oscillant (61) avec une forme évasée « en V » et rotatif autour d'un premier point d'appui (S), agissant alternativement sur un desdits contacts (5A, 5B) et un second moyen d'enclenchement oscillant (62), formé comme un « Y » et apte à osciller autour d'un second point d'appui (T), comprenant une partie d'actionnement (621) actionnée par ladite tige (4),
    pendant son oscillation, ledit second moyen d'enclenchement (62) agit sur le premier moyen d'enclenchement (61) et entraîne sa commutation de sorte que ledit premier moyen (61) agisse sur le second contact (5B) normalement ouvert, permettant par là même la commutation du commutateur, se produisant seulement lorsqu'un angle d'inclinaison prédéterminé du bouton-poussoir (2) est atteint,
    le commutateur étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un moyen de verrouillage adapté pour verrouiller le premier moyen d'enclenchement (61) sur les points fins de course, évitant par là-même tout mouvement non intentionnel de celui-ci, et un élément de libération pour désengager le premier moyen d'enclenchement (61) lorsque le bouton-poussoir (2) atteint un angle d'inclinaison prédéterminé (α), permettant par là-même la commutation du commutateur de manière rapide et contrôlée ;
    ledit moyen de verrouillage comprend au moins une feuille formée (7) adaptée pour s'engager avec au moins une cavité (612) comprise dans le premier moyen d'enclenchement (61) et l'élément de libération est compris dans le second moyen d'enclenchement (62) et
    ledit élément de libération comprend au moins une saillie (71) agencée sur les côtés de la partie inférieure du moyen d'enclenchement (62) dans le but d'exercer une force sur les feuilles (7) le long d'un axe parallèle à un axe (z) lorsque le second moyen d'enclenchement (62) tourne autour du point d'appui (T), libérant par là-même le premier moyen d'enclenchement (61) de l'action du moyen de verrouillage.
  2. Commutateur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lorsque le bouton-poussoir (2) atteint un angle d'inclinaison (α) égal à un angle limite, l'élément de libération désengage le premier moyen d'enclenchement (61) de sorte que la force appliquée sur le bouton-poussoir (2) puisse être transférée par la tige (4) vers le mécanisme d'actionnement, entraînant par là même la commutation des contacts (5A, 5B) compris dans au moins un module (M) du commutateur.
  3. Commutateur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'angle limite d'inclinaison du bouton-poussoir (2), au-delà duquel la commutation des contacts (5A, 5B) se produit, est inférieur à 20°.
EP12157941.1A 2011-03-08 2012-03-02 Commutateur mécanique multi-contacts à enclenchement rapide Not-in-force EP2498269B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000206A ITTO20110206A1 (it) 2011-03-08 2011-03-08 Interruttore meccanico multicontatto.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2498269A1 EP2498269A1 (fr) 2012-09-12
EP2498269B1 true EP2498269B1 (fr) 2015-10-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12157941.1A Not-in-force EP2498269B1 (fr) 2011-03-08 2012-03-02 Commutateur mécanique multi-contacts à enclenchement rapide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2498269B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102683083B (fr)
BR (1) BR102012005115A2 (fr)
IT (1) ITTO20110206A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6125820B2 (ja) * 2012-12-17 2017-05-10 株式会社ヴァレオジャパン スイッチ
JP5813725B2 (ja) * 2013-10-22 2015-11-17 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 スイッチ装置
CN106151908A (zh) * 2016-08-15 2016-11-23 惠州市时宇虹光电科技有限公司 一种具有双向开关弹扣结构的led线性灯体
CN108288558A (zh) * 2018-03-08 2018-07-17 西蒙电气（中国）有限公司 开关驱动件中位保持机构
FR3104753B1 (fr) * 2019-12-12 2022-03-25 Dav Interrupteur de commande à bascule et ensemble de commande associé
FR3139661A1 (fr) * 2022-09-14 2024-03-15 Legrand France Commutateur électrique à touche de commande basculante

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3944768A (en) * 1973-11-30 1976-03-16 Littelfuse, Inc. Rocker switch
DE19518094A1 (de) 1995-05-17 1996-11-21 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät
ITVR20040022U1 (it) 2004-07-08 2004-09-08 Vemer Siber Group S P A Interruttore
CN101458996B (zh) * 2007-12-12 2011-09-28 东莞安联电器元件有限公司 互锁按钮开关
IT1393994B1 (it) * 2008-09-16 2012-05-17 Bitron Spa Interruttore multicontatto per basse potenze a scatto veloce.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO20110206A1 (it) 2012-09-09
CN102683083B (zh) 2015-11-18
CN102683083A (zh) 2012-09-19
BR102012005115A2 (pt) 2014-01-21
EP2498269A1 (fr) 2012-09-12

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