EP2491103A1 - Laundry compositions - Google Patents
Laundry compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2491103A1 EP2491103A1 EP10765412A EP10765412A EP2491103A1 EP 2491103 A1 EP2491103 A1 EP 2491103A1 EP 10765412 A EP10765412 A EP 10765412A EP 10765412 A EP10765412 A EP 10765412A EP 2491103 A1 EP2491103 A1 EP 2491103A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- copolymer
- silicone
- polyethylene terephthalate
- terephthalate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3715—Polyesters or polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/0017—Multi-phase liquid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
- C11D3/3742—Nitrogen containing silicones
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvement to laundry compositions. More particularly, the invention is directed to an emulsion and to a laundry composition comprising the emulsion.
- Silicone oils are known to be useful for softening fabrics, and are included in many laundry compositions. There is a problem with these materials, as they are expensive components, but the deposition onto fabrics is inefficient.
- One way to increase the deposition of silicones is to formulate them in the form of an emulsion, using for example nonionic surfactants as an emulsifier.
- this invention is directed to an emulsion comprising:-
- a second aspect of the invention relates to a process to make the emulsion of the first aspect.
- the process comprises mixing together a silicone liquid, a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate and water.
- the third aspect of the invention relates to a laundry composition comprising:- a) from 5 to 65 wt.% of a surfactant; and,
- Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate to increase the level of
- the copolymer is ideally used in the form of an emulsion either alone, or as part of a laundry composition.
- a formulation shall be considered physically "stable” when after 1 week at 21 degrees Celsius it exhibits no signs of phase separation.
- the emulsion comprises:- (a) a particle comprising a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate and a silicone liquid; and,
- the copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate preferably has a molecular weight of from 5000 to 50,000 Daltons, more preferably from 20,000 to 50,000 Daltons.
- the particle present in the emulsion is preferably in the form of a liquid droplet.
- the size of the liquid droplet is from 0.5 to 20 ⁇ .
- the silicone liquid present in the particle of the emulsion preferably has a viscosity of from 5,000 to 100,000 cP.
- a particle is considered as a discrete entity which is stable in its surrounding medium.
- the medium can be air for an isolated solid particle, or water (an example of an aqueous continuous phase) for a liquid particle in an emulsion.
- the process to make the emulsion comprises mixing together a silicone liquid, a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate (PET- POET) and water.
- a silicone liquid a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate (PET- POET) and water.
- PET- POET polyoxyethylene terephthalate
- the copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate is first dissolved in water prior to addition to the silicone oil. More preferably the copolymer is dissolved in water to a concentration of 1 % by weight to provide an emulsifier solution.
- Suitable mixing methods for the process include mixing the ingredients together using a high shear stirrer. A suitable time period is 90 seconds.
- the emulsion typically comprises from 30 to 99.9 wt.%, preferably from 40 to 99 wt.% of the aqueous continuous phase.
- the aqueous continuous phase may be solely water, or a water based mixture comprising water as a majority component.
- the emulsion may further contain an emulsifying agent, for example a surfactant such as nonionic, anionic, cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants.
- an emulsifying agent for example a surfactant such as nonionic, anionic, cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants.
- the emulsifier can be mixed together with the other emulsion ingredients as
- an emulsifying agent preferably it is a nonionic surfactant.
- the PET-POET copolymer can act itself as an emulsifier, without the requirement for an additional emulsifier to be employed.
- Suitable nonionic surfactants as emulsifiers include the (poly)-alkoxylated analogues of saturated or unsaturated fatty alcohols, for example, having from 8 to 22, preferably from 9 to 18, more preferably from 10 to 15 carbon atoms on average in the hydrocarbon chain thereof and preferably on average from 3 to 1 1 , more preferably from 4 to 9 alkyleneoxy groups. Most preferably, the alkyleneoxy groups are independently selected from ethyleneoxy, propyleneoxy and
- butylenoxy especially ethyleneoxy and propylenoxy, or solely ethyleneoxy groups and alkyl polyglucosides as disclosed in EP 0 495 176.
- the emulsion can be included in laundry products taking a number of forms.
- the laundry product can take the form of a laundry treatment agent for fabric, in which case it can be a laundry composition comprising:- a) from 5 to 65 wt.% of a surfactant; and,
- the emulsion is present in the laundry composition at a level of from 0.5 to 20 wt.%, more preferably from 1 to 10 wt.% based on the total composition.
- the laundry composition may be a main wash composition, a rinse composition, or a pre- or after-wash treatment composition, all of which may be dilutable or non-dilutable.
- Main wash compositions are preferred.
- compositions of the invention may be in any physical form e.g. a solid such as a powder or granules, a tablet, a solid bar, a paste, gel or liquid, especially, an aqueous based liquid.
- the compositions may be used in laundry compositions, especially in liquid, gel, powder or tablet laundry composition.
- the pH range of the composition is from pH 7-12, preferably from pH 8.5 to 9.5. It is desirable to buffer the formulation at whatever the target pH of the composition is.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate to increase the level of deposition of a silicone onto fabric.
- the copolymer is ideally used in the form of an emulsion either alone, or as an emulsion included as part of a laundry composition.
- the invention also may relate to the use an emulsion comprising a particle comprising a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate and a silicone liquid in an aqueous continuous phase to increase the level of deposition of a silicone onto fabric.
- the emulsion is incorporated as part of a laundry product as described herein.
- the laundry composition comprises a surfactant, preferably a detersive
- Suitable surfactants comprise nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants.
- surfactants used are saturated.
- Suitable nonionic detergent compounds which may be used include, in particular, the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example, aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkyl phenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide.
- Specific nonionic detergent compounds are C6 to C22 alkyl phenol- ethylene oxide condensates, generally 5 to 25 EO, i.e. 5 to 25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule, and the condensation products of aliphatic Cs to Cis primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, generally 5 to 40 EO.
- Suitable anionic detergent compounds which may be used are usually water- soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
- suitable synthetic anionic detergent compounds are sodium and potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphating higher Cs to Cis alcohols, produced for example from tallow or coconut oil, sodium and potassium alkyl Cg to C20 benzene sulphonates, particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl C10 to C15 benzene sulphonates; and sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulphates, especially those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum.
- the preferred anionic detergent compounds are sodium Cn to C15 alkyl benzene sulphonates and sodium C12 to Cis alkyl sulphates.
- anionic surfactants include fatty acid-based soaps containing between C8-C26 carbon atoms. Also applicable are surfactants such as those described in EP-A-328 177 (Unilever), which show resistance to salting-out, the alkyl polyglycoside surfactants described in EP-A-070 074, and alkyl
- the total amount of surfactant present in the liquid composition is from 5 to 65 wt.%.
- the total amount of surfactant is from 10 to 65 wt.%, preferably from 15 to 50 wt.%.
- surfactants such as amphoteric, zwitterionic and cationic surfactants may also be present in addition to the aforementioned nonionic and anionic
- the laundry composition may additionally comprise one or more of the following optional ingredients.
- the laundry composition optionally comprises from 1 to 50 wt.% of a builder.
- the builder is present at a level of from 1 to 40 wt.%.
- Builder materials may be selected from 1 ) calcium sequestrant materials, 2) precipitating materials,
- the size is in the range 0.1 to 10 microns (as measured by The Mastersizer 2000 particle size analyzer using laser diffraction ex MalvernTM).
- calcium sequestrant builder materials examples include alkali metal
- polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and organic sequestrants, such as ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid.
- Examples of precipitating builder materials include sodium orthophosphate and sodium carbonate.
- Examples of calcium ion-exchange builder materials include the various types of water-insoluble crystalline or amorphous aluminosilicates, of which zeolites are the best known representatives, e.g. zeolite A, zeolite B (also known as zeolite P), zeolite C, zeolite X, zeolite Y and also the zeolite P-type as described in EP-A- 0,384,070.
- the composition may also contain 0-50 wt.% of a builder or complexing agent such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid, alkyl- or alkenylsuccinic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid or the other builders mentioned below.
- a builder or complexing agent such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid, alkyl- or alkenylsuccinic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid or the other builders mentioned below.
- Many builders are also bleach-stabilising agents by virtue of their ability to complex metal ions.
- Zeolite and carbonate carbonate (including bicarbonate and sesquicarbonate) are preferred builders.
- the composition may contain as builder a crystalline aluminosilicate, preferably an alkali metal aluminosilicate, more preferably a sodium aluminosilicate. This is typically present at a level of less than 15 wt.%.
- Aluminosilicates are materials having the general formula:
- M is a monovalent cation, preferably sodium.
- M is a monovalent cation, preferably sodium.
- M is a monovalent cation, preferably sodium.
- M is a monovalent cation, preferably sodium.
- M is a monovalent cation, preferably sodium.
- M is a monovalent cation, preferably sodium.
- M is a monovalent cation, preferably sodium.
- M is a monovalent cation, preferably sodium.
- the preferred sodium aluminosilicates contain 1 .5-3.5 S1O2 units in the formula above. They can be prepared readily by reaction between sodium silicate and sodium aluminate, as amply described in the literature.
- the ratio of surfactants to aluminosilicate (where present) is preferably greater than 5:2, more preferably greater than 3:1 .
- phosphate builders may be used.
- 'phosphate' embraces diphosphate
- silicates such as soluble silicates, metasilicates, layered silicates (e.g. SKS-6 from
- the laundry detergent formulation is a non-phosphate built laundry detergent formulation, i.e., contains less than 1 wt.% of phosphate.
- the laundry composition preferably comprises a blue or violet shading agent in the range from 0.0001 to 0.01 wt.%.
- the shading agents reduce the perception of damage to many coloured garments and increase whiteness of white garments.
- the shading agents are preferably selected from blue and violet dyes of the solvent, disperse, basic, direct and acid type listed in the Colour Index (Society of Dyers and Colourists and American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists 2002).
- a direct violet or direct blue dyes is present.
- the dyes are bis-azo, tris-azo dyes or triphendioxazine dye.
- the carcinogenic benzidene based dyes are not preferred.
- the laundry composition preferably comprises a fluorescent agent (optical brightener).
- fluorescent agents are well known and many such fluorescent agents are available commercially. Usually, these fluorescent agents are supplied and used in the form of their alkali metal salts, for example, the sodium salts.
- the total amount of the fluorescent agent or agents used in the composition is generally from 0.005 to 2 wt.%, more preferably 0.01 to 0.1 wt.%.
- Preferred classes of fluorescer are: Di-styryl biphenyl compounds, e.g. Tinopal (Trade Mark) CBS-X, Di-amine stilbene di-sulphonic acid compounds, e.g. Tinopal DMS pure Xtra and Blankophor (Trade Mark) HRH, and Pyrazoline compounds, e.g.
- Blankophor SN Preferred fluorescers are: sodium 2-(4-styryl-3-sulfophenyl)-2H- napthol[1 ,2-d]trazole, disodium 4,4'-bis ⁇ [(4-anilino-6-(N methyl-N-2 hydroxyethyl) amino 1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)]amino ⁇ stilbene-2-2' disulfonate, disodium 4,4'-bis ⁇ [(4- anilino-6-morpholino-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)]amino ⁇ stilbene-2-2' disulfonate, and disodium 4,4'-bis(2-sulfoslyryl)biphenyl.
- PERFUME sodium 2-(4-styryl-3-sulfophenyl)-2H- napthol[1 ,2-d]trazole
- the laundry composition comprises a perfume.
- the perfume is preferably in the range from 0.001 to 3 wt.%, most preferably 0.1 to 1 wt.%.
- CTFA Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association
- perfumes are provided in the CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association) 1992 International Buyers Guide, published by CFTA Publications and OPD 1993 Chemicals Buyers Directory 80th Annual Edition, published by Schnell Publishing Co. It is commonplace for a plurality of perfume components to be present in a formulation. In the compositions of the present invention it is envisaged that there will be four or more, preferably five or more, more preferably six or more or even seven or more different perfume components. In perfume mixtures preferably 15 to 25 wt.% are top notes. Top notes are defined by Poucher (Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 6(2):80 [1955]).
- top-notes are selected from citrus oils, linalool, linalyl acetate, lavender, dihydromyrcenol, rose oxide and cis-3-hexanol. Perfume and top note may be used to cue the fabric care benefit of the invention.
- laundry treatment composition does not contain a peroxygen bleach, e.g., sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate, and peracid.
- a peroxygen bleach e.g., sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate, and peracid.
- the laundry composition may comprise one or more polymers.
- examples are carboxymethylcellulose, poly(ethylene glycol), polyvinyl alcohol),
- polycarboxylates such as polyacrylates, maleic/acrylic acid copolymers, lauryl methacrylate/acrylic acid copolymers, and cationic polysaccharide-based polymers.
- a liquid detergent composition may optionally include a hydrotrope, which can prevent liquid crystal formation.
- a hydrotrope which can prevent liquid crystal formation.
- the addition of the hydrotrope thus aids the clarity/transparency of the composition.
- Suitable hydrotropes include but are not limited to propylene glycol, ethanol, urea, salts of benzene sulphonate, toluene sulphonate, xylene sulphonate or cumene sulphonate.
- Suitable salts include but are not limited to sodium, potassium, ammonium, monoethanolamine,
- the hydrotrope is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, xylene sulfonate, ethanol, and urea to provide optimum performance.
- the amount of the hydrotrope is generally in the range of from 0 to 30%, preferably from 0.5 to 30%, more preferably from 0.5 to 30%, most preferably from 1 to 15%.
- Example 1 Improved fabric softening as a result of emulsification of aminosilicone oil using PET-POET polymer
- PET-POET polyethylene terephthalate-co-polyoxyethylene terephthalate copolymer
- the PET-POET sample was prepared utilising a stainless steel reaction kettle which offers mechanical stirring, fine thermo-controlling and high vacuum level. The reaction kettle was supplied by Weihai Auto-control Reaction Kettle Ltd.
- Aminosilicone oil (0.1 g of Hansa ASR 7020 ex. CHT) was added to a 14ml capacity squat form glass vial along with 9.9g of emulsifier solution (a 1 % solution of PET-POET in deionized water) and mixed using a high shear stirrer (VWR VDI12 microhomogenizer with S12N-12S tool on setting '5') for 90 seconds.
- a comparative (control) sample was prepared using a procedure identical to the above, except that the 1 % emulsifier solution was prepared using a blend of non- ionic surfactants (85:15 ratio of Neodol 25-7 (primary alcohol ethoxylate ex. Shell Chemicals) to Synperonic A20 (POE primary alcohol ex. Croda) by weight respectively).
- Model Wash Evaluation a) Preparation of wash liquor: The wash liquor was prepared by diluting Persil® Small and Mighty (concentrated liquid detergent) with local medium/soft water (typically 6-18°FH (French water hardness)) to achieve a 2.5g/l concentration. 50ml of wash liquor was added to each 500ml Linitest pot. b) Simulated Wash (Linitest laboratory scale washing machine Ex. Heraeus)
- a sample of knitted polyester measuring 21 cm by 21 cm was placed into each Linitest pot containing the wash liquor and aminosilicone emulsions, and the pots were sealed.
- the Linitest pots were attached to the Linitest cradle and rotated for 45 minutes at 40°C to simulate the main wash.
- each Linitest pot was emptied of wash liquor.
- An 85ml aliquot of water was added to each pot and the pots were re- sealed and returned to the Linitest to rotate for a further 10 minutes to simulate rinsing.
- Rinsing was performed at the same temperature as the mainwash. This was repeated one further time, so that each fabric had experienced two simulated rinses.
- Samples that underwent model wash evaluation were trimmed to 20cm by 20cm in size, then allowed to condition for 24 hours in a room with controlled
- An indication of increased levels of deposition of silicone based materials to fabric substrates can be obtained by evaluating the change in fabric mechanical properties caused by lubrication of fibres and yarns due to the presence of silicone.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Silicon Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2009001160 | 2009-10-20 | ||
PCT/EP2010/064724 WO2011047951A1 (en) | 2009-10-20 | 2010-10-04 | Laundry compositions |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2491103A1 true EP2491103A1 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
EP2491103B1 EP2491103B1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
Family
ID=43302974
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10765412.1A Active EP2491103B1 (en) | 2009-10-20 | 2010-10-04 | Laundry compositions |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2491103B1 (en) |
AR (1) | AR078663A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112012008428A2 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2012000982A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2535143T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011047951A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201202261B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR112020017967A2 (en) | 2018-03-02 | 2020-12-22 | Unilever N.V. | METHOD FOR SOFTENING COTTON KNITTING AND USE OF THE METHOD |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0070074B2 (en) | 1981-07-13 | 1997-06-25 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Foaming surfactant compositions |
GB8803036D0 (en) | 1988-02-10 | 1988-03-09 | Unilever Plc | Liquid detergents |
CA2001927C (en) | 1988-11-03 | 1999-12-21 | Graham Thomas Brown | Aluminosilicates and detergent compositions |
MY106342A (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1995-05-30 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Antistatic compositions, antistatic detergent compositions and articles |
DE4101070A1 (en) | 1991-01-16 | 1992-07-23 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | WASHING POWDER |
ATE245689T1 (en) * | 1992-05-12 | 2003-08-15 | Procter & Gamble | CONCENTRATED TISSUE PLASTICIZER COMPOSITIONS WITH BIODEGRADABLE TISSUE PLASTICIZERS |
CA2542892A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric care compositions comprising aminosilicone |
-
2010
- 2010-10-04 ES ES10765412.1T patent/ES2535143T3/en active Active
- 2010-10-04 EP EP10765412.1A patent/EP2491103B1/en active Active
- 2010-10-04 BR BR112012008428A patent/BR112012008428A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-10-04 WO PCT/EP2010/064724 patent/WO2011047951A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-10-18 AR ARP100103790A patent/AR078663A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2012
- 2012-03-28 ZA ZA2012/02261A patent/ZA201202261B/en unknown
- 2012-04-18 CL CL2012000982A patent/CL2012000982A1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2011047951A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA201202261B (en) | 2013-06-26 |
CL2012000982A1 (en) | 2012-10-19 |
AR078663A1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
ES2535143T3 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
BR112012008428A2 (en) | 2016-03-29 |
EP2491103B1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
WO2011047951A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
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