EP2486822B1 - Applicator with tubular coated core element - Google Patents
Applicator with tubular coated core element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2486822B1 EP2486822B1 EP12150782.6A EP12150782A EP2486822B1 EP 2486822 B1 EP2486822 B1 EP 2486822B1 EP 12150782 A EP12150782 A EP 12150782A EP 2486822 B1 EP2486822 B1 EP 2486822B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- core element
- bristle
- section
- applicator
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B9/00—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body
- A46B9/02—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups
- A46B9/021—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups arranged like in cosmetics brushes, e.g. mascara, nail polish, eye shadow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B3/00—Brushes characterised by the way in which the bristles are fixed or joined in or on the brush body or carrier
- A46B3/005—Bristle carriers and bristles moulded as a unit
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
- A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
- A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
- A46B2200/1046—Brush used for applying cosmetics
- A46B2200/1053—Cosmetics applicator specifically for mascara
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cosmetic applicator according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an applicator element which forms part of such a cosmetic applicator.
- Cosmetic applicators whose applicator elements consist of a core element made of a first material and a bristle element at least partially enveloping the core element of a second material are already known.
- the patent application describes EP 1 752 063 a Kosmetikapplikator with a base body there called core element of a first plastic, on which a tubular bristle body of a second plastic is mounted. It is in that patent application so that the tubular bristle body and the core element are made separately. Subsequently, the tubular bristle body is similar to a stocking wound on the core member and fixed there form-fitting by an end cap is provided which engages over the distal end of the tubular Bosten stressess and thereby holds on the body. In addition, the bristle body is locked on the base body by having a groove into which engages a corresponding projection of the base body.
- the international patent application WO 02/056726 describes a cosmetic applicator with a core element called “stiffening core" there.
- This core element has a solid cross-section.
- This core element is surrounded by a carrier sleeve made of another plastic.
- this cosmetic applicator is prepared so that the carrier sleeve is thinly sprayed onto the outer surface of the solid core element, with the aim that the carrier sleeve and the core element in the course of spraying together weld or at least stick together.
- this bonding or bonding together takes place only to a sufficient extent if the plastic of the carrier sleeve and the plastic of the core element are matched to one another.
- a cosmetic applicator of the type known per se the applicator element of which is made in two parts, i. that it consists of a core element and a subsequently sprayed onto the core element bristle element, wherein the core element and the bristle element are reliably connected independently of the materials chosen for them by spraying, so to make that the core element as reliably as possible prevents the at Spraying used plastic mass reaches an area where it is undesirable.
- the cosmetic applicator according to the invention consists of a grip piece, an applicator element and a shaft portion connecting the applicator element and the grip piece.
- the applicator in turn consists of a core element of a first material and a core element at least partially enveloping bristle element of a second material.
- the term "bristle element" is preferably to be understood in a narrower sense and then refers to an element which rod-like outwardly projecting, ideally soft fingers, whose dimensions in the radial direction are substantially greater than their dimensions in the circumferential direction and in the longitudinal direction.
- These fingers are preferably designed so that their free length, with which they protrude from the bristle carrier tube, at least 5 times, more preferably at least 7 times larger than their largest diameter.
- Bristle element but also be understood in a broader sense and then be an element which carries, for example, disc or disk segment-like application organs, which protrude in the radial direction to the outside.
- Said first material and said second material preferably differ from each other. In a few, but not preferred cases, both materials are the same, so the only difference is that the core element is first injected and only then is the bristle element sprayed on.
- the core element comprises a pipe section that is hollow in the direction along its longitudinal axis and thus forms a cavity.
- this cavity forming the tube section is designed so that the cavity seen in the longitudinal direction extends completely or at least substantially through the entire area, which is later occupied by the bristle element in the finished state.
- This cavity is then, in the finished state, completely or at least substantially completely filled by the second material of the bristle element.
- the bristle element at the same time forms a bristle carrier tube which is covered with outwardly projecting bristles and which completely or at least partially envelops the outer casing of the tube section.
- the bristle element not only surrounds the pipe section of the core element on its outer circumferential surface, but instead also engages in the large cavity extending along the longitudinal axis of the pipe section, the hold which the bristle element finds on the core element is many times greater elevated. This ensures that the core element and the bristle element are sufficiently firmly connected to each other even if they are made of different materials that do not, only slightly or at least not sufficiently welded or glued together.
- the core element in the region of its coupling portion has a preferably annular, circumferentially self-contained sealing surface with which the core element in the course of production of the bristle member abuts a complementary sealing portion of the injection mold and thereby substantially prevents the bristle element forming mass passes into the region of the coupling portion.
- the sealing portion is acted upon from its inside directly with the pressure with which the liquid plastic compound is injected, which then forms the bristle element.
- the sealing portion is preferably dimensioned so thin-walled that it tends to expand more than slightly under the influence of said pressure from the inside and is pressed in this way reinforced to the complementary sealing surface of the injection mold. It is, in other words, so that the sealing surface is at least substantially formed in a region of the core member which is hollow inside.
- the cavity is preferably designed such that an immutable fixation between the bristle element and in particular the bristle carrier tube and the core element is established by the encapsulation of the core element, in any case at the contact surfaces between the core element and the bristle carrier tube no relative movements between these two components take place, neither in the direction of the longitudinal axis nor in the circumferential direction.
- the bristle element and the core portion from a wide variety of materials and in particular from a hard elastic plastic (Kemabites) and a soft elastic to rubber-elastic plastic (bristle element). It is not only the most diverse plastics including those that show no tendency to stick together or weld together, but also combinations of completely different material groups.
- the core element from metal and the bristle element from a soft plastic which is sprayed onto the metal of the core element.
- the flexibility of the core region bearing the bristles on its outside can be adjusted quite sensitively when needed and when selecting correspondingly different materials for the core element and the bristle element. The greater the flexibility, the larger the diameter of the cavity is, that is, the greater the flexibility. the more the material of the bristle carrier, which tends to be more flexible, participates in the formation of the cross section of the core region.
- the tube section of the core element prefferably has at least one first opening in the region of its distal end facing away from the grip piece, via which material can be injected into the cavity of the core element during the production of the cosmetic applicator, and that the tube section the core element in the region of its proximal end facing the handle has at least one second opening, via which the previously injected material can emerge again from the cavity of the core element in the course of the production of the cosmetic applicator, wherein it is preferably such that the reemerging material at least forms a part of the outer shell of the pipe section enveloping bristle carrier tube, but possibly also a part of the bristles.
- the ready-sprayed bristle element also completely covers the distal end side of the core element, so that the pipe section is at least substantially completely embedded in the interior of the bristle element, or the pipe section of the core element at least substantially completely of the Bristle element is wrapped. This reduces the risk that the fungal and bacterial growth favoring, fine joints between the core element and possibly strongly different material of the bristle element opens.
- the outwardly facing mouth of the at least one first opening is at least substantially in a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe section.
- the at least one second opening has a longitudinal axis which is arranged at least substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe section, such has in particular together with the just described arrangement of the first opening considerable manufacturing advantages.
- the core element has a coupling section projecting freely from the sprayed-on bristle element for connecting the applicator element to the shaft section or the grip piece.
- a coupling section projecting freely from the sprayed-on bristle element for connecting the applicator element to the shaft section or the grip piece.
- the outer shell of the pipe section is provided with additional means for the positive retention of the bristle element surrounding the core element, preferably in the form of outwardly projecting pins or teeth. It makes sense that these pins or teeth protrude only locally, which is the case when they do a maximum of 1/6, better only 1/8 of the surface of the imaginary peripheral ring cover, from which they protrude radially outward.
- these additional means are at the same time designed as supporting members, which center the pipe section within the injection mold, in which the pipe section is inserted for the purpose of its extrusion, so that it occupies a defined position.
- the support members are at the same time designed so strong that they prevent by their massive support on the inside of the injection mold, that the pipe section under the pressure of einschmannenden in his cavity plastic melt significantly ruptures or even bursts.
- the support members are arranged in groups, which are in turn arranged distributed in the longitudinal direction of the pipe section uniformly over the pipe section. In any case, the entirety of the support members is arranged on the pipe section, that it is supported substantially uniformly.
- distal means “facing away from the handle of the applicator” and proximal means “facing the handle of the applicator.”
- proximal means “facing the handle of the applicator.”
- the cosmetic applicator 1 of the invention consists of a handle 2, which is connected by means of a shaft portion 3 with an applicator element 4.
- the actual applicator element 4 is evidently the FIG. 1 in turn, from a core element 5 of Fig. 4
- the bristle element 6 consists of a central part which surrounds and fills the core element 5 in the manner to be explained in more detail, and a field of radially outwardly projecting bristles 9 thereof.
- the outermost one Part of the said central part forms a kind thought bristle carrier tube 7, which serves as a mounting base for the bristles 9, because at this bristle carrier tube, the bristles are anchored with her foot.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 demonstrate.
- This core element is manufactured as an independent, initially not connected to other components element.
- the core element can consist of a wide variety of materials. Preferably, it will be made of plastic, but it may for example also consist of metal. If the core element is made of plastic, production preferably takes place by injection molding.
- the core element 5 will be made of a comparatively hard material and, due to its choice of material and its geometrical configuration, will be so rigid that under the influence of the forces occurring during application on the finished applicator it will only deform so that the center line at the distal end of the core element in the loaded state of the core element differs by no greater amount .DELTA.L than 3 times and better only by at most 1.5 times the diameter of the core element from the center line L of the core element in the unloaded state, cf. FIG. 8 ,
- This core element 5 is, as will be explained in more detail later, encapsulated with a plastic compound which forms a bristle element 6 which integrally attached bristles 9 comprises, ie bristles, which consist of the same material as the rest of the bristle element and in one go were made with this.
- This plastic mass preferably has a much greater elasticity than the material of the core element 5.
- bristles that are so elastic that their center line (based on the position of the center line of the unloaded bristle) at its extreme end can deflect by an amount ⁇ BL, which corresponds at least to 4 times, or better at least 6 times the maximum bristle diameter Dmax that the bristle has in the region of its largest cross-section, without the capacity of the bristle is impaired, completely back to its unloaded position to spring back, cf. Fig. 9 ,
- the core element 5 in turn consists of a coupling section 16 with a preferably solid cross section and a tubular section 8.
- the coupling section 16 serves for connection to the shaft section 3.
- the pipe section 8 has the shape of a preferably round pipe or a pipe with a polygonal cross-section. This means that the tube section 8 has in its interior a cavity 18, the largest dimension of which extends essentially in the direction along the Centerline L extends. The cavity is arranged essentially around the center line L or even concentrically to it.
- the pipe section is equipped at least with a first opening 10, via which the melt forming the bristle element 6 can penetrate into or out of the pipe section, and with at least one second opening 11, via which the melt forming the bristle element 6 from the pipe section can exit again or enter this.
- the at least one first opening 10 is mounted in the region of the distal end of the core element 5 and preferably lies completely in a region whose surface is not more than 6 mm and ideally not more than 4 mm away from the distal end of the core element 5. Ideally, the opening 10 even coincides with the distal end because the opening 10 is formed in the distal end face of the core member 5 so that its free cross-sectional area forms a plane substantially perpendicular to the center line L.
- the at least one second opening 11 is mounted in the vicinity of the coupling portion 16 and is preferably completely in a region whose surface is not more than 6 mm and ideally not more than 4 mm from the transition to the coupling portion 16 spaced. Ideally, the at least one second opening 11 even directly adjoins the coupling section 16. In the optimum case, a plurality of second openings are provided, which are opposite to the circumference of the pipe section 8 substantially or completely diametrically. Such an arrangement is particularly useful if the melt forming the bristle element 6 is to be injected from the side over at least one of the first openings or re-enters the pipe section via one of these openings. Because this makes a certain "shoot through” possible and prevents the radially inwardly einschmanende melt on the opposite side excessively impacts the closed surface of the warm and thus sensitive pipe section wall and deforms them.
- Such an arrangement of the at least one first opening and the at least one second opening ensures that the core element 5 can be completely encapsulated with the required accuracy and above all with the high speed required for the formation of all fine bristles with a plastic compound which requires the same Bristle element 6 forms.
- the core element 5 is equipped with at least one further, third opening, which lies in the region of the core element which extends between the at least a first opening and the at least one second opening extends.
- a plurality of third openings are provided, preferably two (possibly, but clearly not preferred, even three or in rare exceptional cases even four) third openings which are arranged substantially along a circumferential line which is perpendicular to the center line or longitudinal axis L order the core element 5 extends around.
- a plurality of third openings are diametrically opposed, as described above for the second openings.
- the core element 5 is also equipped with at least one fourth opening in addition to the third or third openings. This lies in a region of the core element which extends between the third or third openings and the at least one first opening.
- a plurality of fourth openings are provided, preferably two (possibly, but clearly not preferred, even three or in rare cases even four) fourth openings arranged along a circumferential line perpendicular to the center line or longitudinal axis L around the core element 5 around.
- these fourth openings are diametrically opposite one another, as already described above for the second openings.
- first to fourth openings and the core element 5 In order to obtain a good spattering result, it is essential to dimension the first to fourth openings and the core element 5.
- the dimensioning also depends on the nature of the plastic compound that is used to produce the bristle element 6.
- the exact dimensioning of the first to fourth openings, which is optimal for the specific individual case, must and can therefore be ascertained by a person skilled in the art for the respective individual case. On the basis of the key data given here, which already substantially limit the possible range within which an optimization is to be carried out, this is possible with relatively little effort that has to be handled routinely.
- the core element 5 should preferably have an outer diameter AD, for which the following applies: 2 mm ⁇ AD ⁇ 5 mm. Preferably, 2 mm ⁇ AD ⁇ 4 mm.
- the wall thickness of the core element 5 in the region of its tube section 8 should obey the following equation: 0.18 mm ⁇ WS ⁇ 0.75 mm.
- the axial length AR of the tube section 8 should be between a minimum of 5 mm, better still a minimum of 10 mm and a maximum of 35 mm, better a maximum of 30 mm.
- Each second opening 11 has a free cross section FQ 11, the area of which corresponds to the area of a circular hole having a radius of between 0, 6 mm and 1, 8 mm.
- FQ 10 The same (FQ 10) holds for each first opening 10, except that this first opening is formed in the end face of the core member 5, then its free cross section results from the above relationships for the outer diameter of the core member 5 and the wall thickness the core element 5.
- Each third and fourth opening 12 or 13 has a free cross-section (FQ 12 or FQ 13) whose area corresponds to the area of a circular hole with a radius between 0.6 mm and 1.5 mm.
- the core element 5 is provided with a number of support members 15 which are configured as locally limited, not over the entire circumference extending projections which extend beyond the outer periphery of the core member 5 - one can call these projections as islands, the Outer circumference of the core member 5 project with a height H of 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm.
- the said support members 15 are in the preferred embodiment, the FIGS. 4 and 5 in the form of cylinder sections whose diameter DN is preferably ⁇ 0.4 mm and preferably s 2 mm. Unless the support members are designed in the shape of cylinder sections but designed differently, they should preferably have a free surface provided for support against the injection mold, corresponding to the area of cylinder sections whose diameters are within said range.
- support members are designed so that the core element hereby bears against the surrounding inner wall of an injection mold, into which the core element 5 has been inserted, in order to overmold the core element 5 with a plastic compound forming a bristle element 6 in a second step like that Figures 1 and 2 demonstrate.
- a support causes at least one centering of the core element in the mold.
- the support members are so strong that they prevent the tube section 8 from being excessively deformed or even blown under the influence of the internal pressure which the melt which later forms the bristle element 6 exerts on it. Because it is undesirable that the pipe section deformed under the influence of the internal pressure occurring in its cavity during spraying so that the uniformity of the wall thickness of the bristle carrier tube suffers. Because one more than just insignificant unevenness affects the retention or even the formation of the bristles.
- a defined annular space with a peak height of preferably 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm or even in some cases 1.2 mm remains free over which the liquid plastic composition during injection can be supplied to the bristle-forming mold cavities and later forms the bristle carrier tube 7.
- the core element 5 on the side of its coupling portion 16 has an annular first sealing portion 14, which is suitable and intended for sealing engagement with the inner surface of the injection mold, which receives the core element 5 in its encapsulation with the plastic mass, which later forms the bristle element ,
- the sealing portion 14 is located in a region which is exposed from the inside directly to the pressure of the plastic mass, with which the core element 5 is encapsulated. In this way, a good sealing function is achieved because the plastic mass tends to expand the sealing portion 14, so that its diameter tends to increase, with the result that the sealing portion 14 is pressed well against the inner surface of the injection mold receiving it, so that a reliable and selective sealing is achieved without much effort. This is particularly important if the core element 5 is encapsulated with an otherwise colored plastic compound.
- the procedure is preferably such that this plastic mass is injected wholly or at least predominantly first into the cavity of the tubular section 8, preferably via the frontal opening located at the distal end of the tubular section 8 which forms the first opening in this embodiment.
- the injected plastic mass then spreads in the cavity and exits via the second, and possibly also the third and fourth openings in the outer region, where it then forms the bristle carrier tube 7 and, above all, the rooted bristles 9.
- the core element is preferably designed so that the liquid plastic composition during spraying after leaving the second or third and / or fourth openings a little way in the longitudinal direction of the gap or annular gap between the inner surface of the injection mold and the outer surface of the Core element must flow along to fill all mold-forming cavities in this area.
- the uniform cavity which is formed thanks to the support members between the outer periphery of the core member 5 and the inner periphery of this receiving injection mold, completely filled by the subsequently sprayed plastic material.
- the bristle carrier tube is not isolated, but it is integrally connected via the various openings in the tube section 8 of the core member 5 with the plastic material, which fills the core or the cavity of the bristle carrier tube 7.
- FIG. 9 Another advantageous embodiment shows the Fig. 9 .
- This embodiment corresponds fully to the previously described embodiment (so that the statements made there apply) with the exception that this embodiment has no third and fourth openings, but only a first opening in the distal end face of the core element and two (not shown: exceptionally, three or in rare exceptional cases four) second openings, preferably in the immediate vicinity of the coupling portion 16.
- Such a configuration may have injection advantages and therefore be advantageous over the former embodiment.
- the bristles are tapered and taper towards their outer end. These bristles are preferably designed so that their free length, with which they protrude from the bristle carrier tube, at least 5 times, more preferably at least 7 times greater than their largest diameter - all or at least the numerically predominant number of bristles.
Landscapes
- Brushes (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kosmetikapplikator nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Applikatorelement, das einen Bestandteil eines solchen Kosmetikapplikators bildet. Kosmetikapplikatoren, deren Applikatorelemente aus einem Kernelement aus einem ersten Material und einem das Kernelement zumindest teilweise umhüllenden Borstenelement aus einem zweiten Material bestehen, sind bereits bekannt.The invention relates to a cosmetic applicator according to the preamble of
So beschreibt beispielsweise die Patentanmeldung
Diese separate Fertigung der beiden Elemente, die einen nachträglichen Montageschritt erzwingt, ist ausgesprochen kostenintensiv.This separate production of the two elements, which forces a subsequent assembly step, is extremely costly.
Die internationale Patentanmeldung
Aus der Patentanmeldung
Angesichts dessen ist es die Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Kosmetikapplikator der an sich bekannten Art, dessen Applikatorelement zweiteilig ausgeführt ist, d.h. dass es aus einem Kernelement sowie einem nachträglich auf das Kernelement aufgespritzten Borstenelement besteht, wobei das Kernelement und das Borstenelement unabhängig von den für sie gewählten Materialien durch das Aufspritzen zuverlässig miteinander verbunden werden, so zu gestalten, dass das Kernelement möglichst zuverlässig verhindert, dass die beim Aufspritzen verwendete Kunststoffmasse in einen Bereich gelangt, wo sie unerwünscht ist.In view of this, it is the object of the invention to provide a cosmetic applicator of the type known per se, the applicator element of which is made in two parts, i. that it consists of a core element and a subsequently sprayed onto the core element bristle element, wherein the core element and the bristle element are reliably connected independently of the materials chosen for them by spraying, so to make that the core element as reliably as possible prevents the at Spraying used plastic mass reaches an area where it is undesirable.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.The solution of this object is achieved by the features of
Demzufolge besteht der erfindungsgemäße Kosmetikapplikator aus einem Griffstück, einem Applikatorelement und einem das Applikatorelement und das Griffstück verbindenden Schaftabschnitt. Dabei besteht das Applikatorelement seinerseits aus einem Kernelement aus einem ersten Material und einem das Kernelement zumindest teilweise umhüllenden Borstenelement aus einem zweiten Material. Dabei ist der Begriff "Borstenelement" vorzugsweise in einem engeren Sinne zu verstehen und bezeichnet dann ein Element, welches stabartig nach außen abstehende, idealerweise biegeweiche Finger aufweist, deren Abmessungen in radialer Richtung wesentlich größer sind als ihre Abmessungen in Umfangsrichtung und in Längsrichtung. Diese Finger sind vorzugsweise so gestaltet, dass ihre freie Länge, mit der sie von dem Borstenträgerrohr abstehen, mindesten 5-mal, besser mindestens 7-mal größer ist als ihr größter Durchmesser. In gewissen Fällen kann der Begriff Borstenelement aber auch in einem weiteren Sinne verstanden werden und dann ein Element sein, welches beispielsweise scheiben- oder scheibensegmentartige Applikationsorgane trägt, die in radialer Richtung nach außen abstehen. Das besagte erste Material und das besagte zweite Material unterscheiden sich vorzugsweise voneinander. In einigen wenigen, jedoch nicht bevorzugten Fällen sind beide Materialien gleich, so dass der einzige Unterschied darin besteht, dass das Kernelement zuerst gespritzt wird und erst dann das Borstenelement aufgespritzt wird. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass das Kernelement einen in Richtung entlang seiner Längsachse innen hohlen und somit eine Kavität bildenden Rohrabschnitt umfasst. Vorzugsweise ist dieser die Kavität bildende Rohrabschnitt so gestaltet, dass sich die Kavität in Längsrichtung gesehen ganz oder zumindest im Wesentlichen durch den gesamten Bereich erstreckt, der später, im fertigen Zustand, vom Borstenelement eingenommen wird. Diese Kavität wird dann, im fertigen Zustand, vollständig oder zumindest im Wesentlichen vollständig von dem zweiten Material des Borstenelements ausgefüllt. Integral damit bildet das Borstenelement zugleich ein mit nach außen abstehenden Borsten besetztes Borstenträgerrohr, das den Außenmantel des Rohrabschnitts vollständig oder zumindest bereichsweise vollständig umhüllt. Dadurch, dass das Borstenelement den Rohrabschnitt des Kernelements nicht nur auf dessen äußerer Umfangsfläche umgibt, sondern stattdessen zugleich auch in die große, sich entlang der Längsachse des Rohrabschnitts erstreckende Kavität eingreift, wird der Halt, den das Borstenelement auf das Kernelement findet, um ein Vielfaches erhöht. Hierdurch wird sichergestellt, dass das Kernelement und das Borstenelement auch dann hinreichend fest miteinander verbunden sind, wenn sie aus unterschiedlichen Materialien bestehen, die nicht, nur kaum oder jedenfalls nicht hinreichend miteinander verschweißen oder kleben.Accordingly, the cosmetic applicator according to the invention consists of a grip piece, an applicator element and a shaft portion connecting the applicator element and the grip piece. In this case, the applicator in turn consists of a core element of a first material and a core element at least partially enveloping bristle element of a second material. The term "bristle element" is preferably to be understood in a narrower sense and then refers to an element which rod-like outwardly projecting, ideally soft fingers, whose dimensions in the radial direction are substantially greater than their dimensions in the circumferential direction and in the longitudinal direction. These fingers are preferably designed so that their free length, with which they protrude from the bristle carrier tube, at least 5 times, more preferably at least 7 times larger than their largest diameter. In certain cases, the term Bristle element but also be understood in a broader sense and then be an element which carries, for example, disc or disk segment-like application organs, which protrude in the radial direction to the outside. Said first material and said second material preferably differ from each other. In a few, but not preferred cases, both materials are the same, so the only difference is that the core element is first injected and only then is the bristle element sprayed on. According to the invention, it is provided that the core element comprises a pipe section that is hollow in the direction along its longitudinal axis and thus forms a cavity. Preferably, this cavity forming the tube section is designed so that the cavity seen in the longitudinal direction extends completely or at least substantially through the entire area, which is later occupied by the bristle element in the finished state. This cavity is then, in the finished state, completely or at least substantially completely filled by the second material of the bristle element. Integrally therewith, the bristle element at the same time forms a bristle carrier tube which is covered with outwardly projecting bristles and which completely or at least partially envelops the outer casing of the tube section. Due to the fact that the bristle element not only surrounds the pipe section of the core element on its outer circumferential surface, but instead also engages in the large cavity extending along the longitudinal axis of the pipe section, the hold which the bristle element finds on the core element is many times greater elevated. This ensures that the core element and the bristle element are sufficiently firmly connected to each other even if they are made of different materials that do not, only slightly or at least not sufficiently welded or glued together.
Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass das Kernelement im Bereich seines Kupplungsabschnitts eine bevorzugt kreisringförmige, in Umfangsrichtung in sich geschlossene Dichtfläche aufweist, mit der das Kernelement im Zuge der Herstellung des Borstenelements an einem komplementären Dichtungsabschnitt der Spritzgussform anliegt und dadurch im Wesentlichen verhindert, dass die das Borstenelement bildende Masse in den Bereich des Kupplungsabschnitts gelangt. Idealerweise wird der Dichtungsabschnitt von seiner innenseite her unmittelbar mit dem Druck beaufschlagt, mit dem die flüssige Kunststoffmasse eingespritzt wird, die dann das Borstenelement bildet. Dabei ist der Dichtungsabschnitt vorzugsweise so dünnwandig dimensioniert, dass er sich unter dem Einfluss des besagten Drucks von innen her tendenziell mehr als nur unwesentlich aufweitet und auf diese Art und Weise verstärkt an die Komplementärdichtfläche der Spritzgussform angedrückt wird. Es ist, mit anderen Worten gesagt, also so, dass die Dichtfläche zumindest im Wesentlichen in einem Bereich des Kernelements ausgebildet ist, der innen hohl ist.It is provided that the core element in the region of its coupling portion has a preferably annular, circumferentially self-contained sealing surface with which the core element in the course of production of the bristle member abuts a complementary sealing portion of the injection mold and thereby substantially prevents the bristle element forming mass passes into the region of the coupling portion. Ideally, the sealing portion is acted upon from its inside directly with the pressure with which the liquid plastic compound is injected, which then forms the bristle element. In this case, the sealing portion is preferably dimensioned so thin-walled that it tends to expand more than slightly under the influence of said pressure from the inside and is pressed in this way reinforced to the complementary sealing surface of the injection mold. It is, in other words, so that the sealing surface is at least substantially formed in a region of the core member which is hollow inside.
Die Kavität ist vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, dass sich durch das Umspritzen des Kernelements eine unveränderliche Fixierung zwischen dem Borstenelement und insbesondere dem Borstenträgerrohr und dem Kernelement einstellt, in dem Sinne, dass jedenfalls an den Kontaktflächen zwischen dem Kernelement und dem Borstenträgerrohr keinerlei Relativbewegungen zwischen diesen beiden Bauteilen stattfinden, weder in Richtung der Längsachse noch in Umfangsrichtung.The cavity is preferably designed such that an immutable fixation between the bristle element and in particular the bristle carrier tube and the core element is established by the encapsulation of the core element, in any case at the contact surfaces between the core element and the bristle carrier tube no relative movements between these two components take place, neither in the direction of the longitudinal axis nor in the circumferential direction.
Hierdurch wird es möglich, das Borstenelement und den Kernabschnitt aus den unterschiedlichsten Materialien zu fertigen und insbesondere aus einem hartelastischen Kunststoff (Kemabschnitt) und einem weichelastischen bis gummielastischen Kunststoff (Borstenelement). In Betracht kommen nicht nur die unterschiedlichsten Kunststoffe einschließlich solcher, die keine Tendenz zeigen miteinander zu verkleben oder zu verschweißen, sondern auch Kombinationen aus völlig unterschiedlichen Materialgruppen. So wird es beispielsweise möglich, das Kernelement aus Metall zu fertigen und das Borstenelement aus einem weichen Kunststoff, der auf das Metall des Kernelements aufgespritzt wird. Hinzu kommt, dass sich bei Bedarf und bei Wahl entsprechend unterschiedlicher Materialien für das Kernelement und das Borstenelement die Flexibilität des an seiner Außenseite die Borsten tragenden Kernbereichs recht feinfühlig einstellen lässt. Die Flexibilität wird umso größer, desto größer der Durchmesser der Kavität ist, d.h. umso stärker das tendenziell flexiblere Material des Borstenträgers an der Bildung des Querschnitts des Kernbereichs beteiligt ist.This makes it possible to manufacture the bristle element and the core portion from a wide variety of materials and in particular from a hard elastic plastic (Kemabschnitt) and a soft elastic to rubber-elastic plastic (bristle element). It is not only the most diverse plastics including those that show no tendency to stick together or weld together, but also combinations of completely different material groups. For example, it becomes possible to manufacture the core element from metal and the bristle element from a soft plastic which is sprayed onto the metal of the core element. In addition, the flexibility of the core region bearing the bristles on its outside can be adjusted quite sensitively when needed and when selecting correspondingly different materials for the core element and the bristle element. The greater the flexibility, the larger the diameter of the cavity is, that is, the greater the flexibility. the more the material of the bristle carrier, which tends to be more flexible, participates in the formation of the cross section of the core region.
Im Rahmen einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass der Rohrabschnitt des Kernelements im Bereich seines dem Griffstück abgewandten, distalen Endes zumindest eine erste Öffnung aufweist, über die im Zuge der Herstellung des Kosmetikapplikators Material in die Kavität des Kernelements eingespritzt werden kann, und dass der Rohrabschnitt des Kernelements im Bereich seines dem Griffstück zugewandten, proximalen Endes zumindest eine zweite Öffnung aufweist, über die im Zuge der Herstellung des Kosmetikapplikators das zuvor eingespritzte Material wieder aus der Kavität des Kernelements austreten kann, wobei es vorzugsweise so ist, dass das wieder austretende Material zumindest einen Teil des den Außenmantel des Rohrabschnitts umhüllenden Borstenträgerrohrs ausbildet, ggf. aber zusätzlich auch einen Teil der Borsten. Da die großvolumige und thermisch von den kalten Oberflächen der Stahlform isolierte Kavität den Schmelzfluss nicht nennenswert behindert, wird es auf diese Art und Weise möglich, die Schmelze von zwei bzw. mehreren Seiten her fast synchron in den kritischen Bereich des engen Spalts zwischen der Außenoberfläche des Kernelements und der kalten Innenoberfläche der Stahtform einschießen zu lassen. Das mindert das Risiko, dass sich die Schmelze schon zu stark abgekühlt hat, wenn sie die borstenformenden Hohlräume der Spritzgussform erreicht hat, die am weitesten von der Stelle entfernt liegen, an der die schmelzflüssige Kunststoffmasse, die das Borstenelement und die Borsten bilden soll, erstmals in die Form eingeschossen wird.In the context of a preferred embodiment, provision is made for the tube section of the core element to have at least one first opening in the region of its distal end facing away from the grip piece, via which material can be injected into the cavity of the core element during the production of the cosmetic applicator, and that the tube section the core element in the region of its proximal end facing the handle has at least one second opening, via which the previously injected material can emerge again from the cavity of the core element in the course of the production of the cosmetic applicator, wherein it is preferably such that the reemerging material at least forms a part of the outer shell of the pipe section enveloping bristle carrier tube, but possibly also a part of the bristles. In this way, since the large-volume cavity thermally isolated from the cold surfaces of the steel mold does not significantly impede the melt flow, it becomes possible to melt the melt from two or more sides almost synchronously into the critical region of the narrow gap between the outer surface of the melt Core element and the cold inner surface of the steel mold einschießen. This reduces the risk that the melt has already cooled too much when they has reached bristle-forming cavities of the injection mold, which are farthest from the point at which the molten plastic mass, which is to form the bristle element and the bristles, is injected into the mold for the first time.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass das fertig gespritzte Borstenelement auch die distale Stirnseite des Kernelements vollständig überdeckt, so dass der Rohrabschnitt zumindest im Wesentlichen vollständig in das Innere des Borstenelements eingebettet ist, bzw. der Rohrabschnitt des Kernelements zumindest im Wesentlichen vollständig von dem Borstenelement umhüllt ist. Hierdurch wird die Gefahr, dass sich das Pilz- und Bakterienwachstum begünstigende, feine Trennfugen zwischen dem Kernelement und dem ggf. stark andersartigen Material des Borstenelements auftun, verringert.In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the ready-sprayed bristle element also completely covers the distal end side of the core element, so that the pipe section is at least substantially completely embedded in the interior of the bristle element, or the pipe section of the core element at least substantially completely of the Bristle element is wrapped. This reduces the risk that the fungal and bacterial growth favoring, fine joints between the core element and possibly strongly different material of the bristle element opens.
Bei einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform liegt die nach außen zeigende Mündung der zumindest einen ersten Öffnung zumindest im Wesentlichen in einer Ebene, die senkrecht zur Längsachse des Rohrabschnitts verläuft. Durch eine solche Öffnung lässt sich besonders effektiv schmelzflüssige Kunststoffmasse in die Kavität des Kernelements einspritzen, bzw. die Kavität entlüften.In another preferred embodiment, the outwardly facing mouth of the at least one first opening is at least substantially in a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe section. By means of such an opening, molten plastic mass can be injected into the cavity of the core element in a particularly effective manner, or the cavity can be vented.
Bevorzugt ist auch, dass die mindestens eine zweite Öffnung eine Längsachse aufweist, die zumindest im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längsachse des Rohrabschnitts angeordnet ist, derartiges hat insbesondere zusammen mit der soeben geschilderten Anordnung der ersten Öffnung erhebliche fertigungstechnische Vorteile.It is also preferred that the at least one second opening has a longitudinal axis which is arranged at least substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe section, such has in particular together with the just described arrangement of the first opening considerable manufacturing advantages.
Im Rahmen einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass das Kernelement einen frei aus dem aufgespritzten Borstenelement herausragenden Kupplungsabschnitt zur Verbindung des Applikatorelements mit dem Schaftabschnitt oder dem Griffstück aufweist. Eine solche Ausgestaltung hat den Vorteil, dass der Kunststoff für das Borstenelement und die Borsten ohne Rücksicht darauf ausgewählt werden kann, dass das Material des Kupplungsabschnitts eine gewisse Mindesthärte und Mindestfestigkeit haben muss, um seine Funktion erfüllen zu können. Gleichzeitig verbessert sich die Kupplungswirkung erheblich, wenn der Kupplungsabschnitt und der für das Borstenelement stützend wirkende Rohrabschnitt einstückig gefertigt sind.In the context of another preferred embodiment, it is provided that the core element has a coupling section projecting freely from the sprayed-on bristle element for connecting the applicator element to the shaft section or the grip piece. Such a configuration has the advantage that the plastic for the bristle element and the bristles can be selected without regard to the fact that the material of the coupling portion must have a certain minimum hardness and minimum strength in order to fulfill its function. At the same time, the coupling effect improves significantly when the coupling portion and the tubular member supporting the bristle element are made in one piece.
Vorzugsweise ist der Außenmantel des Rohrabschnitts mit zusätzlichen Mitteln zum formschlüssigen Halten des das Kernelement umhüllenden Borstenelements versehen, vorzugsweise in Gestalt von nach außen abstehenden Zapfen oder Zähnen. Sinnvollerweise ragen diese Zapfen oder Zähne nur lokal auf, was jedenfalls dann der Fall ist, wenn sie maximal 1/6, besser nur 1/8 der Oberfläche des gedachten Umfangsrings bedecken, von dem sie radial nach außen aufragen. Bevorzugt sind diese zusätzlichen Mittel zugleich als Stützorgane ausgebildet, die den Rohrabschnitt innerhalb der Spritzgussform, in die der Rohrabschnitt zum Zwecke seines Umspritzens eingelegt ist, zentrieren, so dass er eine definierte Position einnimmt. Idealerweise sind die Stützorgane zugleich derart kräftig ausgeführt, dass sie durch ihr massives Abstützen an der Innenseite der Spritzgussform verhindern, dass sich der Rohrabschnitt unter dem Druck der in seine Kavität einschießenden Kunststoffschmelze wesentlich aufdehnt oder gar berstet. Um diese letztgenannte Funktion erfüllen zu können,sind die Stützorgane in Gruppen angeordnet, die ihrerseits in Längsrichtung des Rohrabschnitts gesehen gleichmäßig über den Rohrabschnitt verteilt angeordnet sind. Jedenfalls ist die Gesamtheit der Stützorgane so am Rohrabschnitt angeordnet, dass dieser im Wesentlichen gleichmäßig abgestützt wird.Preferably, the outer shell of the pipe section is provided with additional means for the positive retention of the bristle element surrounding the core element, preferably in the form of outwardly projecting pins or teeth. It makes sense that these pins or teeth protrude only locally, which is the case when they do a maximum of 1/6, better only 1/8 of the surface of the imaginary peripheral ring cover, from which they protrude radially outward. Preferably, these additional means are at the same time designed as supporting members, which center the pipe section within the injection mold, in which the pipe section is inserted for the purpose of its extrusion, so that it occupies a defined position. Ideally, the support members are at the same time designed so strong that they prevent by their massive support on the inside of the injection mold, that the pipe section under the pressure of einschießenden in his cavity plastic melt significantly ruptures or even bursts. In order to fulfill this latter function, the support members are arranged in groups, which are in turn arranged distributed in the longitudinal direction of the pipe section uniformly over the pipe section. In any case, the entirety of the support members is arranged on the pipe section, that it is supported substantially uniformly.
Bevorzugterweise wird der erfindungsgemäße Applikator als Teil eines Kosmetiksystems verwendet, das wie folgt zusammengesetzt ist:
- Kosmetiksystem, bestehend aus einem Kosmetikapplikator der in dieser Anmeldung beschriebenen Art und einer mit diesem Kosmetikapplikator aufzutragenden Kosmetikmasse, die folgende Bestandteile umfasst, nämlich 10% - 40% filmbildendes Polymer (natürlich oder synthetisch) und/oder 10% - 50% neutralisierte Stearinsäure und/oder 5% - 50% nichtionisches Emulgiermittel und/oder 3% - 20% natürliche oder synthetische Wachse oder Mischungen solcher Wachse und/oder 0% - 20% natürliche und/oder synthetische Öle und/oder Esther und Mischungen der genannten Stoffe, vorzugsweise nur teilweise volatil und/oder 5% - 25% organische oder anorganische Pigmente, ggf. einschließlich Ruß, und/oder 0% - 3% Antioxidantien und/oder 0% - 3% Konservierungsmittel.
- Cosmetic system consisting of a cosmetic applicator of the type described in this application and a cosmetic mass to be applied with this cosmetic applicator comprising the following components, namely 10% -40% film-forming polymer (natural or synthetic) and / or 10% -50% neutralized stearic acid and / or 5% -50% non-ionic emulsifier and / or 3% -20% natural or synthetic waxes or mixtures of such waxes and / or 0% -20% natural and / or synthetic oils and / or esters and mixtures of said substances, preferably only partially volatile and / or 5% -25% organic or inorganic pigments, optionally including carbon black, and / or 0% -3% antioxidants and / or 0% -3% preservatives.
Weitere Vorteile, Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten und Wirkungsweisen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Erfindung anhand der Figuren, die zwei unterschiedliche Ausführungsbeispiele zeigen.
Die Figur 1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel entlang der Linien A-A.Die Figur 2 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung.Die Figur 3 zeigt eine Störungsansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung.Die Figur 4 zeigt einen Schnitt durch ein Kernelement, wie es das erste Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung verwendet.Die Figur 5 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines Kernelements, wie es das erste Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung verwendet.- Die
Figur 6 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Kernelements, wie es das erste Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung verwendet. Die Figur 7 zeigt eine vollständige Ansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kosmetikapplikators.Die Figur 8 illustriert die Flexibilität eines Kernelements, wie es die Erfindung verwendet.Die Figur 9 illustriert die Flexibilität einer Borste, wie sie die Erfindung verwendet.Die Figur 10 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, das dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel bis auf die textlich erläuterten Unterschiede vollständig entspricht.
- The
FIG. 1 shows a section through a first embodiment along the lines AA. - The
FIG. 2 shows a side view of a first embodiment of the invention. - The
FIG. 3 shows a fault view of a first embodiment of the invention. - The
FIG. 4 shows a section through a core element, as used in the first embodiment of the invention. - The
FIG. 5 shows a side view of a core element, as used in the first embodiment of the invention. - The
FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a core member, as used in the first embodiment of the invention. - The
FIG. 7 shows a complete view of the cosmetic applicator of the invention. - The
FIG. 8 illustrates the flexibility of a core element as used in the invention. - The
FIG. 9 illustrates the flexibility of a bristle as used in the invention. - The
FIG. 10 shows a second embodiment of the invention, which fully corresponds to the first embodiment except for the textual differences explained.
Vorwegzuschicken ist eine für diese Erfindung allgemein gültige Definition der Begriffe "distal" und "proximal. Distal bedeutet "dem Griffstück des Applikators abgewandt" und proximal bedeutet "dem Griffstück des Applikators zugewandt". Das distale Ende des Applikatorelements 4 bzw. des Kernelements 5 ist also dasjenige Ende, das dem Griffstück des Applikators bei bestimmungsgemäßer Montage des Applikatorelements 4 bzw. des Kernelements 5 am weitesten abgewandt ist.To beforehand is a definition of the terms "distal" and "proximal" that is generally valid for this invention. "Distal" means "facing away from the handle of the applicator" and proximal means "facing the handle of the applicator." The distal end of the
Wie man am besten anhand der
Das eigentliche Applikatorelement 4 besteht ausweislich der
Bei der Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Applikatorelements wird zunächst von einem Kernelement 5 ausgegangen, wie es die
Dieses Kernelement 5 wird, wie später noch eingehender erläutert wird, mit einer Kunststoffmasse umspritzt, die ein Borstenelement 6 bildet, welches einstückig daran befestigte Borsten 9 umfasst, also Borsten, die aus dem gleichen Material bestehen wie der Rest des Borstenelements und die in einem Zug mit diesem gefertigt wurden. Diese Kunststoffmasse besitzt vorzugsweise eine wesentlich größere Elastizität als das Material des Kernelements 5. Bei entsprechender Dimensionierung der jeweiligen Borsten erhält man daher Borsten, die so elastisch sind, dass sich ihre Mittellinie (bezogen auf die Position der Mittellinie der unbelasteten Borste) an ihrem äußersten Ende um einen Betrag ΔBL auslenken lässt, der mindestens dem 4-fachen und besser mindestens dem 6-fachen maximalen Borstendurchmesser Dmax entspricht, den die Borste im Bereich ihres größte Querschnitts hat, ohne dass das Vermögen der Borste beeinträchtigt wird, wieder vollständig in ihre unbelastete Position zurückzufedern, vgl.
Das Kernelement 5 besteht seinerseits aus einem Kupplungsabschnitt 16 mit einem vorzugsweise durchgängig massiven Querschnitt sowie einem Rohrabschnitt 8.The
Der Kupplungsabschnitt 16 dient zur Verbindung mit dem Schaftabschnitt 3.The
Der Rohrabschnitt 8 hat die Gestalt eines vorzugsweise runden Rohrs oder eines Rohrs mit einem Polygon-Querschnitt. Das bedeutet, dass der Rohrabschnitt 8 in seinem Inneren eine Kavität 18 aufweist, deren größte Ausdehnung sich im Wesentlichen in Richtung entlang der Mittellinie L erstreckt. Die Kavität ist im Wesentlichen um die Mittellinie L herum bzw. sogar konzentrisch zu dieser angeordnet. Dabei ist der Rohrabschnitt zumindest mit einer ersten Öffnung 10 ausgestattet, über die die das Borstenelement 6 bildende Schmelze in den Rohrabschnitt eindringen oder aus diesem wieder austreten kann, und mit zumindest einer zweiten Öffnung 11, über die die das Borstenelement 6 bildende Schmelze aus dem Rohrabschnitt wieder austreten oder in diesen eintreten kann.The
Die mindestens eine erste Öffnung 10 ist im Bereich des distalen Endes des Kernelements 5 angebracht und liegt vorzugsweise vollständig in einem Bereich, dessen Oberfläche nicht mehr als 6 mm und idealerweise nicht mehr als 4 mm vom distalen Ende des Kernelements 5 beabstandet ist. Idealerweise fällt die Öffnung 10 sogar mit dem distalen Ende zusammen, weil die Öffnung 10 in der distalen Stirnseite des Kernelements 5 ausgebildet ist, so dass ihre freie Querschnittsfläche eine Ebene bildet, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Mittellinie L positioniert ist.The at least one
Die mindestens eine zweite Öffnung 11 ist im Nahbereich des Kupplungsabschnitts 16 angebracht und liegt vorzugsweise vollständig in einem Bereich, dessen Oberfläche nicht mehr als 6 mm und idealerweise nicht mehr als 4 mm vom Übergang zum Kupplungsabschnitt 16 beabstandet ist. Idealerweise grenzt die mindestens eine zweite Öffnung 11 sogar unmittelbar an den Kupplungsabschnitt 16 an. Im Optimalfall sind mehrere zweite Öffnungen vorgesehen, die sich am Umfang des Rohrabschnitts 8 im Wesentlichen oder vollständig diametral gegenüberliegen. Eine derartige Anordnung ist insbesondere dann sehr zweckmäßig, wenn die das Borstenelement 6 bildende Schmelze von der Seite her über zumindest eine der ersten Öffnungen eingeschossen werden soll bzw. über eine dieser Öffnungen wieder in den Rohrabschnitt eindringt. Denn hierdurch wird ein gewisser "Durchschuss" möglich und verhindert, dass die radial einwärts einschießende Schmelze auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite übermäßig auf die geschlossene Oberfläche der warmen und damit empfindlichen Rohrabschnittswand aufprallt und diese verformt.The at least one
Eine solche Anordnung der mindestens einen ersten Öffnung und der mindestens einen zweiten Öffnung stellt sicher, dass sich das Kernelement 5 vollständig mit der geforderten Genauigkeit und vor allem mit der für die Ausformung aller feinen Borsten erforderlichen hohen Geschwindigkeit mit einer Kunststoffmasse umspritzen lässt, die das benötigte Borstenelement 6 bildet.Such an arrangement of the at least one first opening and the at least one second opening ensures that the
Vorzugsweise ist das Kernelement 5 mit zumindest einer weiteren, dritten Öffnung ausgerüstet, die in dem Bereich des Kernelements liegt, der sich zwischen der mindestens einen ersten Öffnung und der mindestens einen zweiten Öffnung erstreckt. Idealerweise sind sogar mehrere dritte Öffnungen vorgesehen, vorzugsweise nämlich zwei (eventuell, aber eindeutig nicht bevorzugt, sogar drei oder in seltenen Ausnahmefällen sogar vier) dritte Öffnungen, die im Wesentlichen entlang einer Umfangslinie angeordnet sind, welche sich senkrecht zur Mittellinie bzw. Längsachse L um das Kernelement 5 herum erstreckt. Vorzugsweise liegen sich mehrere dritte Öffnungen diametral gegenüber, so, wie oben für die zweiten Öffnungen beschrieben.Preferably, the
Vorzugsweise ist das Kernelement 5 zusätzlich zu der oder den dritten Öffnungen auch noch mit mindestens einer vierten Öffnung ausgerüstet. Diese liegt in einem Bereich des Kernelements, der sich zwischen der oder den dritten Öffnungen und der mindestens einen ersten Öffnung erstreckt. Idealerweise sind sogar mehrere vierte Öffnungen vorgesehen, vorzugsweise nämlich zwei (eventuell, aber eindeutig nicht bevorzugt, sogar drei oder in seltenen Ausnahmefällen sogar vier) vierte Öffnungen, die entlang einer Umfangslinie angeordnet sind, welche sich senkrecht zur Mittellinie bzw. Längsachse L um das Kernelement 5 herum erstreckt. Vorzugsweise liegen sich diese vierten Öffnungen diametral gegenüber, so, wie oben schon für die zweiten Öffnungen beschrieben.Preferably, the
Um ein gutes Spritzergebnis zu erhalten, kommt es wesentlich auf die Dimensionierung der ersten bis vierten Öffnungen und des Kernelements 5 an. Die Dimensionierung hängt auch von der Beschaffenheit der Kunststoffmasse ab, die zur Herstellung des Borstenelements 6 zum Einsatz kommt. Die genaue Dimensionierung der ersten bis vierten Öffnungen, die für den konkreten Einzelfall optimal ist, muss und kann der Fachmann daher durch fachübliche Versuche für den jeweiligen Einzelfall ermitteln. Dies ist ausgehend von den hier angegebenen Eckdaten, die den möglichen Bereich, innerhalb dessen eine Optimierung vorzunehmen ist, bereits wesentlich einschränken, mit relativ geringem, routinemäßig zu bewältigendem Aufwand möglich.In order to obtain a good spattering result, it is essential to dimension the first to fourth openings and the
Das Kernelement 5 sollte vorzugsweise einen Außendurchmesser AD haben, für den gilt: 2 mm ≤ AD ≤ 5 mm. Bevorzugt gilt 2 mm ≤ AD ≤ 4 mm.The
Die Wandstärke des Kernelements 5 im Bereich seines Rohrabschnitts 8 sollte folgender Gleichung gehorchen: 0,18 mm ≤ WS ≤ 0,75 mm.The wall thickness of the
Die axiale Länge AR des Rohrabschnitts 8 sollte zwischen minimal 5 mm, besser minimal 10 mm und maximal 35 mm, besser maximal 30 mm liegen.The axial length AR of the
Jede zweite Öffnung 11 besitzt einen freien Querschnitt FQ 11, dessen Fläche der Fläche eines kreisförmigen Lochs mit einem Radius zwischen 0, 6 mm und 1, 8 mm entspricht. Das Gleiche (FQ 10) gilt für jede erste Öffnung 10, es sei denn, dass diese erste Öffnung in der Stirnfläche des Kernelements 5 ausgebildet ist, dann ergibt sich ihr freier Querschnitt aus den oben genannten Beziehungen für den Außendurchmesser des Kernelements 5 und die Wandstärke des Kernelements 5.Each
Jede dritte und vierte Öffnung 12 bzw. 13 besitzt einen freien Querschnitt (FQ 12 bzw. FQ 13), dessen Fläche der Fläche eines kreisförmigen Lochs mit einem Radius zwischen 0,6 mm und 1,5 mm entspricht.Each third and
Wie recht gut anhand der
Diese Stützorgane sind so ausgestaltet, dass sich das Kernelement hiermit gegen die es umgebende Innenwand einer Spritzgussform abstützt, in die das Kernelement 5 eingelegt worden ist, um in einem zweiten Arbeitsschritt das Kernelement 5 mit einer Kunststoffmasse zu umspritzen, die ein Borstenelement 6 bildet, so wie das die
Vorzugsweise auf diese Art und Weise wird gewährleistet, das zwischen der Innenoberfläche der Spritzgussform, von der die borstenformenden Kanäle abzweigen, und der umfangsseitigen Außenoberfläche des Kernelements ein definierter Ringraum mit Spatthöhe von vorzugsweise 0,2 mm bis 0,8 mm oder in Einzelfällen sogar bis 1,2 mm freibleibt, über den die flüssige Kunststoffmasse beim Spritzen den borstenbildenden Formhohlräumen zugeführt werden kann und der später das Borstenträgerrohr 7 bildet.Preferably, in this way it is ensured that between the inner surface of the injection mold, from which the bristle-forming channels branch, and the peripheral outer surface of the core element, a defined annular space with a peak height of preferably 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm or even in some cases 1.2 mm remains free over which the liquid plastic composition during injection can be supplied to the bristle-forming mold cavities and later forms the
Darüber hinaus besitzt das Kernelement 5 auf der Seite seines Kupplungsabschnitts 16 einen ringförmigen ersten Dichtabschnitt 14, der zur dichtenden Anlage an der Innenoberfläche der Spritzgussform geeignet und gedacht ist, die das Kernelement 5 bei dessen Umspritzen mit der Kunststoffmasse, die später das Borstenelement bildet, aufnimmt.In addition, the
In diesem Zusammenhang ist bemerkenswert, dass der Dichtabschnitt 14 in einem Bereich liegt, der von innen her unmittelbar dem Druck der Kunststoffmasse, mit der das Kernelement 5 umspritzt wird, ausgesetzt ist. Auf diese Art und Weise wird eine gute Abdichtfunktion erreicht, denn die Kunststoffmasse neigt dazu, den Dichtabschnitt 14 aufzudehnen, so dass sich dessen Durchmesser tendenziell vergrößert, was zur Folge hat, dass der Dichtabschnitt 14 gut gegen die Innenoberfläche des ihn aufnehmenden Spritzgusswerkzeugs angepresst wird, so dass ohne großen Aufwand eine zuverlässige und trennscharfe Abdichtung erreicht wird. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Bedeutung, wenn das Kernelement 5 mit einer anderweitig eingefärbten Kunststoffmasse umspritzt wird.In this context, it is noteworthy that the sealing
Beim Umspritzen des Kernelements 5 mit der Kunststoffmasse, die später das Borstenelement 6 bildet, wird vorzugsweise so vorgegangen, dass diese Kunststoffmasse ganz oder zumindest überwiegend zuerst in die Kavität des Rohrabschnitts 8 eingespritzt wird, vorzugsweise über die am distalen Ende des Rohrabschnitts 8 befindliche stirnseitige Öffnung, die bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel die erste Öffnung bildet. Die eingespritzte Kunststoffmasse breitet sich dann in der Kavität aus und tritt über die zweiten, und ggf. auch die dritten und vierten Öffnungen in den äußeren Bereich aus, wo sie dann das Borstenträgerrohr 7 und vor allen Dingen die daran wurzelnden Borsten 9 ausbildet. Hierbei ist das Kernelement vorzugsweise so gestaltet, dass die beim Spritzen flüssige Kunststoffmasse nach ihrem Austritt aus der oder den zweiten, dritten und/oder vierten Öffnungen ein Stück weit in Längsrichtung den Spalt bzw. Ringspalt zwischen der Innenoberfläche der Spritzgussform und der Außenoberfläche des Kernelements entlangfließen muss, um alle formbildenden Hohlräume in diesem Bereich zu füllen.During encapsulation of the
Diese Art des Einspritzens der Kunststoffmasse hat entscheidenden Einfluss auf die makroskopische Beschaffenheit der Kunststoffmasse, die das Borstenelement 6 ausbildet. Die Kunststoffmasse wird nämlich auf ihrem Weg von der Kavität des Rohrabschnitts durch die diversen Öffnungen hindurch in den Spalt bzw. Ringspalt hinein, der das Borstenträgerrohr ausformt und von dort aus in die feinen Kapillaren hinein, die die einzelnen Borsten ausformen, verstreckt. Hierdurch wird den langkettigen, die Borsten bildenden Kunststoffmolekülen eine verstärkte Ausrichtung aufgezwungen, was sich in verbesserten Eigenschaften der Borsten niederschlägt (beispielsweise in einem besseren Wiederaufrichtvermögen). Dadurch kommen die Gebrauchseigenschaften der Borsten näher an die vorteilhaften Gebrauchseigenschaften von Borsten aus extrudierten bzw. gesponnenen Filamenten heran.This type of injection of the plastic mass has a decisive influence on the macroscopic nature of the plastic mass that forms the bristle element 6. The plastic mass is in fact stretched on its way from the cavity of the tube section through the various openings into the gap or annular gap, which forms the bristle carrier tube and from there into the fine capillaries, which form the individual bristles, stretched. This imposes increased alignment on the long-chain plastic molecules forming the bristles, resulting in improved properties of the bristles (for example, better refastenability). As a result, the performance properties of the bristles come closer to the advantageous performance of bristles made of extruded or spun filaments.
Wie man am besten anhand der
Eine weiteres vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt die
Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht in vollem Umfang dem zuvor geschilderten Ausführungsbeispiel (so dass das dort Gesagte auch hier gilt) mit Ausnahme der Tatsache, dass dieses Ausführungsbeispiel keine dritten und vierten Öffnungen aufweist, sondern nur eine erste Öffnung in der distalen Strirnfläche des Kernelements und zwei (nicht gezeigt: ausnahmsweise auch drei oder in seltenen Ausnahmefällen vier) zweite Öffnungen, vorzugsweise im unmittelbaren Nahbereich des Kupplungsabschnitts 16. Eine solche Ausgestaltung kann spritztechnische Vorteile haben und daher gegenüber der erstgenannten Ausführungsform vorteilhaft sein.This embodiment corresponds fully to the previously described embodiment (so that the statements made there apply) with the exception that this embodiment has no third and fourth openings, but only a first opening in the distal end face of the core element and two (not shown: exceptionally, three or in rare exceptional cases four) second openings, preferably in the immediate vicinity of the
Gerade bei dieser besonderen Art des Umspritzens eines Kernelements hat sich für alle Ausführungsbeispiele gezeigt, dass es sinnvoll ist, den Borstenbesatz für diese spezielle Art der Herstellung zu optimieren und zwar wie folgt:
- Die Borsten sind vorzugsweise in
Fingerkränze 19 untergliedert, vgl.Fig. 3 .Jeder Fingerkranz 19 besteht aus einer Anzahl von n Borsten, die in Umfangsrichtung gesehen hintereinander oder zumindest im Wesentlichen hintereinander (bis ± 0,9, besser nur bis ± 0,5 Borstendurchmesser seitliche Abweichung von der Umfangslinie) stehen. Eine Anzahl von N Fingerkränzen bildet im Wesentlichen den gesamten in radialer Richtung abstehenden Borstenbesatz des Applikators.Vorzugsweise gilt 14 < N < 44 und 6 < n < 32.Idealerweise gilt 19 < N < 31 und 10 < n < 25.
- The bristles are preferably subdivided into finger rings 19, cf.
Fig. 3 , Eachfinger ring 19 consists of a number of n bristles which, seen in the circumferential direction, are arranged behind one another or at least essentially one behind the other (up to ± 0.9, better only up to ± 0.5 bristle diameter lateral deviation from the circumferential line). A number of N finger rings form substantially all of the radially projecting bristle stock of the applicator. Preferably, 14 <N <44 and 6 <n <32. Ideally, 19 <N <31 and 10 <n <25.
Vorzugsweise sind die Borsten kegelig ausgeführt und verjüngen sich zu ihrem auswärtigen Ende hin. Diese Borsten sind vorzugsweise so gestaltet, dass ihre freie Länge, mit der sie von dem Borstenträgerrohr abstehen, mindesten 5-mal, besser mindestens 7-mal größer ist als ihr größter Durchmesser - bei allen oder zumindest der zahlenmäßig überwiegenden Anzahl der Borsten.Preferably, the bristles are tapered and taper towards their outer end. These bristles are preferably designed so that their free length, with which they protrude from the bristle carrier tube, at least 5 times, more preferably at least 7 times greater than their largest diameter - all or at least the numerically predominant number of bristles.
Zusammen mit einem solchen Borstenbesatz bzw. den erfindungsgemäßen Applikatoren kommen vorzugsweise speziell angepasste Mascaramassen zum Einsatz, die wie folgt zusammengesetzt sind:
- 10% - 40% filmbildendes Polymer (natürlich oder synthetisch)
- 10% - 50% neutralisierte Stearinsäure
- 5% - 50% nichtionisches Emulgiermittel
- 3% - 20% natürliche oder synthetische Wachse oder Mischungen solcher Wachse
- 0% - 20% natürliche und/oder synthetische Öle und/oder Esther und Mischungen der genannten Stoffe, vorzugsweise teilweise volatil
- 5% - 25% organische oder anorganische Pigmente, ggf. einschließlich Ruß
- 0% - 3% Antioxidantien
- 0% - 3% Konservierungsmittel.
- 10% - 40% film-forming polymer (natural or synthetic)
- 10% - 50% neutralized stearic acid
- 5% - 50% nonionic emulsifier
- 3% - 20% natural or synthetic waxes or mixtures of such waxes
- 0% - 20% natural and / or synthetic oils and / or esters and mixtures of these substances, preferably partially volatile
- 5% - 25% organic or inorganic pigments, including carbon black if necessary
- 0% - 3% antioxidants
- 0% - 3% preservative.
- 1 :1 :
- Kosmetikapplikatorcosmetic applicator
- 2 :2:
- Griffstückgrip
- 3:3:
- Schaftabschnittshank portion
- 4:4:
- Applikatorelementapplicator
- 5:5:
- Kernelementcore element
- 6:6:
- Borstenelementbristle element
- 7 :7:
- BorstenträgerrohrBristle carrier tube
- 8 :8th :
- Rohrabschnittpipe section
- 9 :9:
- Borstenbristles
- 10 :10:
- erste Öffnungfirst opening
- 11 :11:
- zweite Öffnungsecond opening
- 12:12:
- dritte Öffnungthird opening
- 13 :13:
- vierte Öffnungfourth opening
- 14 :14:
- erster Dichtabschnittfirst sealing section
- 15 :15:
- Stützorgansupport organ
- 16 :16:
- Kupplungsabschnittcoupling section
- 17 :17:
- KavitätsauslaufKavitätsauslauf
- 18 :18:
- Kavitätcavity
- 19 :19:
- Fingerkranzfinger ring
- L :L:
- Längsachselongitudinal axis
- LÖLÖ
- Längsachse einer Öffnung im BorstenträgerrohrLongitudinal axis of an opening in the bristle carrier tube
- AD :AD:
- Außendurchmesser KernelementOuter diameter core element
- H :H :
- Höhe StützorganeHeight supporting organs
- DN :DN:
- Durchmesser StützorganDiameter support member
- WS :WS:
- Wandstärke KernelementWall thickness core element
- AR :AR:
- axiale Länge Rohrabschnittaxial length pipe section
- FQ10FQ10
- Freier Querschnitt erste ÖffnungFree cross section first opening
- FQ11 :FQ11:
- Freier Querschnitt zweite ÖffnungFree cross section second opening
- FQ12 :FQ12:
- Freier Querschnitt dritte ÖffnungFree cross section third opening
- FQ13 :FQ13:
- Freier Querschnitt vierte ÖffnungFree cross section fourth opening
Claims (8)
- A cosmetics applicator (1) consisting of a handle section (2), an applicator element (4) and a shaft section (3) connecting the applicator element (4) and the handle section (2), wherein the applicator element (4) consists of a core element (5) of a first material and a bristle element (6) which at least partially envelops the core element (5), and which consists of a second material preferably different from the first material preferably with regard to its hardness and/or flexibility, wherein the core element (5) comprises a coupling section (16) which protrudes freely from the bristle element (6), for connecting the applicator element (4) to the shaft section (3) or the handle section (2) and comprises a tube section (8) which is hollow on the inside in the direction along its longitudinal axis (L) and thus forms a cavity (18), wherein said cavity (18) is filled by the second material of the bristle element (6) and the bristle element (6), integrally therewith, at the same time forms a bristle carrier tube (7) covered with outwardly protruding bristles (9) which envelops the outer jacket of the tube section (8) at least in some sections, wherein the core element (5) comprises on its coupling section (16) a sealing surface with which the core element (5) can rest against a complementary sealing section of a injection mold during the production of the bristle element (6) in such a manner that the mold compound forming the bristle element (6) is thus prevented from entering the area of the coupling section (16), characterized in that the sealing surface is formed at least substantially in an area of the coupling section of the core element (5) which is hollow inside.
- A cosmetics applicator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube section (8) of the core element (5), in the area of the distal end thereof facing away from the handle section (2), comprises at least one first opening (10) through which material can be injected into the cavity (18) of the core element (5) during the production of the cosmetics applicator (1), and that the tube section (8) of the core element (5), in the area of the proximal end thereof facing towards the handle section (2), comprises at least one second opening (11) through which the previously injected material can exit the cavity (18) of the core element (5) again during the production of the cosmetics applicator (1), preferably in such a way that the material exiting again forms at least a part of the bristle carrier tube (7) enveloping the outer jacket of the tube section (8) and additionally also a part of the bristles.
- The cosmetics applicator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bristle element (6) also covers the distal end face of the core element (5) completely, so that the tube section (8) is completely embedded in the interior of the bristle element (6).
- The cosmetics applicator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mouth of the at least one first opening pointing outwards lies in a plane extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (L) of the tube section (8).
- The cosmetics applicator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one second opening (11) has its own longitudinal axis, which is disposed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (L) of the tube section (8).
- The cosmetics applicator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube section (8) of the core element (5) is completely enveloped by the bristle element (6).
- The cosmetics applicator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer jacket of the tube section (8) is provided with additional means for retaining in a positive fit the bristle element (6) enveloping the core element (5), preferably in the shape of outwardly protruding pins or teeth.
- A cosmetics system, consisting of a cosmetics applicator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims and a cosmetics mass, which is to be applied with this cosmetics applicator (1) and comprises the following constituents: 10% - 40% film-forming polymer, natural or synthetic, and 3% - 20% natural or synthetic waxes or mixtures of such waxes and/or 0% - 20% natural and/or synthetic oils.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202011002793U DE202011002793U1 (en) | 2011-02-16 | 2011-02-16 | Applicator with tubular, overmolded core element |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2486822A2 EP2486822A2 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2486822A3 EP2486822A3 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
EP2486822B1 true EP2486822B1 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
Family
ID=45531186
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12150782.6A Not-in-force EP2486822B1 (en) | 2011-02-16 | 2012-01-11 | Applicator with tubular coated core element |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8997759B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2486822B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202011002793U1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012105714A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-02 | Geka Gmbh | One-piece, multi-component injection-molded brush and method for its production |
EP2682022B1 (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2020-09-09 | Trisa Holding AG | Household brush or grooming brush with injection-moulded bristles |
EP3729997B1 (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2022-08-24 | Trisa Holding AG | Method for producing an interdental brush |
FR3003736B1 (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2015-08-07 | Oreal | PACKAGING AND APPLICATION DEVICE |
FR3003737B1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2016-01-08 | Oreal | DEVICE FOR PACKAGING AND APPLYING A COSMETIC PRODUCT |
DE202013005483U1 (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-09-23 | Geka Gmbh | One-piece applicator |
DE202013005486U1 (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-09-23 | Geka Gmbh | One-piece applicator with bristle penetration |
FR3007629B1 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2015-08-07 | Oreal | DEVICE FOR APPLYING A COSMETIC PRODUCT |
WO2016016433A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | Geka Gmbh | Wire-core applicator with bevelled hollow fibre bristles |
FR3050913A1 (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2017-11-10 | Oreal | COSMETIC APPLICATOR |
JP6818311B2 (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2021-01-20 | 株式会社トキワ | Coating container and manufacturing method of coating container |
JP1602431S (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-04-23 | ||
WO2018220286A1 (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2018-12-06 | Simp | Applicator for applying product to keratinous fibres with complex core |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10033256A1 (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2002-01-24 | Coronet Werke Gmbh | Method and device for producing bristle goods and bristle goods |
DE10102219A1 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-25 | Beiersdorf Ag | Applicator for e.g. mascara has rod like core with support sleeve having integral radially outwardly projecting fingers arranged in rings in succession with specific number and spacing for good combing action |
EP1752062A1 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2007-02-14 | Geka Brush Gmbh | Applicator for a cosmetic product, in particular for mascara or a hair dye |
EP1752063B1 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2009-06-17 | Geka Brush Gmbh | Applicator, in particular for mascara or similar cosmetics |
FR2900035B1 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2008-06-06 | Oreal | KIT FOR MAKE-UP OF EYELIDS AND METHODS |
PL2084987T3 (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2013-11-29 | Geka Gmbh | Small cosmetic brush with bristles arranged on a base plate |
EP2266434B1 (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2016-09-07 | GEKA GmbH | Cosmetic applicator with internal pull-out applicators |
-
2011
- 2011-02-16 DE DE202011002793U patent/DE202011002793U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2012
- 2012-01-11 EP EP12150782.6A patent/EP2486822B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-02-16 US US13/398,145 patent/US8997759B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102641037A (en) | 2012-08-22 |
EP2486822A2 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
DE202011002793U1 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
EP2486822A3 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
US8997759B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 |
US20120211019A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
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