EP2486616A1 - Hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasis und galvanische elemente enthaltend hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasis - Google Patents
Hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasis und galvanische elemente enthaltend hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasisInfo
- Publication number
- EP2486616A1 EP2486616A1 EP10773840A EP10773840A EP2486616A1 EP 2486616 A1 EP2486616 A1 EP 2486616A1 EP 10773840 A EP10773840 A EP 10773840A EP 10773840 A EP10773840 A EP 10773840A EP 2486616 A1 EP2486616 A1 EP 2486616A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- aluminum
- hydride
- metal
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 lithium aluminum hydride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- SIAPCJWMELPYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium hydride Chemical compound [LiH] SIAPCJWMELPYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010082 LiAlH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- SPRIOUNJHPCKPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridoaluminium Chemical compound [AlH] SPRIOUNJHPCKPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000834102 Ailia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010710 LiFePO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003005 LiNiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012223 LiPFe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004651 carbonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006138 lithiation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LGRLWUINFJPLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanide Chemical class [CH3-] LGRLWUINFJPLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002900 organolithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
- H01M4/405—Alloys based on lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/46—Alloys based on magnesium or aluminium
- H01M4/463—Aluminium based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
Definitions
- Aluminum-based hydride anodes and galvanic elements containing aluminum-based hydride anodes are aluminum-based hydride anodes and galvanic elements containing aluminum-based hydride anodes
- the currently used rechargeable lithium batteries contain graphite as the anode material.
- Graphite acts as a lithium insertion material and it has according to the equation
- electrochemical cell decreases in capacity accordingly. Even more serious are the consequences if needle-shaped dendrites penetrate the separator. As a result, the battery cell can be short-circuited with often catastrophic consequences: thermal run-away, usually accompanied by fire phenomena.
- lithium alloys As the anode material rather than pure lithium metal.
- lithium alloys show extremely high volume fluctuations during lithium insertion and removal (in some cases several 100%, eg LigAI 4 : 238%). Therefore, alloy anodes with the
- M La, Mg, Ni, Na, Ti
- Mg-based system described in the aforementioned patent has a pronounced hysteresis and its operability in a real
- Lithium battery could not be demonstrated so far.
- Hexahydridoaluminatanion ( ⁇ 3 " ) are insoluble in the said electrolyte and are compatible with them, ie there is no spontaneous reaction.
- Hexahydridoaluminate salts can therefore be used in galvanic cells with aprotic electrolytes, for example lithium batteries. Due to their low potential compared to Li / Li + , they can preferably be used as anodes (negative electrode).
- M 1 and M 2 are independently an alkali element selected from Li, Na and K; m is a number between 1 and 3;
- Embodiment of the invention i. when discharged, the anode contains LiaAlHe.
- U3AIH6 as an anode for galvanic elements.
- this hydride anode can be switched to a lithiated insertion material, for example a lithium metal oxide Li x M 3 O y .
- M 3 is a redox-active metal selected from the group Co, Ni, Mn, Fe, V, Cr, Ti; x is an integer between 1 and 3 and
- y and z are integers between 1 and 4.
- lithium metal oxides are: L1C0O2, LiNiO2, LiMn20 4, Li 2 Mn0 3, L1VO2 and mixed metal oxides such as Li (Nii / 3Mni / 3 Coi 3) 02,
- lithium insertion materials for example lithium phosphates (eg LiFePO, L1VPO4, LiMnPO 4 ), lithium silicates (eg Li 2 FeSiO 4 , Li 2 MnSiO 4 , Li 2 CoSiO 4 ) and mixed lithiated fluorometal oxides.
- lithium phosphates eg LiFePO, L1VPO4, LiMnPO 4
- lithium silicates eg Li 2 FeSiO 4 , Li 2 MnSiO 4 , Li 2 CoSiO 4
- mixed lithiated fluorometal oxides e.g Li 2 FeSiO 4 , Li 2 MnSiO 4 , Li 2 CoSiO 4
- lithium is used in excess in equation (4), in addition to lithium hydride, a mixture of the metals Li and Al and / or an alloy of elemental aluminum and lithium forms:
- LisAIHe + (3 + a) Li 6 LiH + AILi a (6) a is a number between 0 and 5, preferably between 0 and 2.
- the electrode redox reaction is then as follows:
- the galvanic cell When connected to a lithium-loaded insertion cathode, it is preferred that the hydride anode be in the discharged state, i. in the form of L13AIH6.
- the galvanic cell When using, for example, lithium manganese spinel, the galvanic cell then has the following electrode configuration according to the general equation (3)
- the lithiation of the cathode material can be done either ex-situ (ie outside the galvanic cell) or in the final assembled cell during cycling.
- ex-situ ie outside the galvanic cell
- aluminum-based hydride anode it is preferred to use these in the charged state. For example, this can be switched to a cathode consisting of a brownstone modification:
- Al-containing hydride anode 6 LiH according to the invention 1 Al. If less LiH is used relative to Al, for example only a 4: 1 molar ratio, then not all aluminum can be converted to the discharged form, the hexahydride. Rather, a part of the aluminum remains even after the charge in elemental form.
- the electrode configuration and the charge-discharge equation then look as follows when using manganese dioxide as a cathode:
- the molar ratio between LiH and Al or AILi a can assume values between 0.5: 1 and 10: 1.
- the molar ratio between U3AIH6 and Li can be between 1: 1 to 1:20.
- Al-containing hydride anode material according to the invention used in a discharged form (ie as Li 3 AIH 6 ), so it is also possible to mix it with
- molar ratios according to the invention between L1 3 AlH 6 , Al and LiH are in the range between 1: 0: 0 and 1: 0.1 -2: 0.1-12.
- the Al-containing hydride anode material according to the invention is preferably in
- the particles ⁇ 100 ⁇ , more preferably ⁇ 30 ⁇ large. It is preferable to add to the hydride anode materials of the invention conductivity-improving additives, for example, graphite, carbon black or finely divided metals (e.g., Ti powder).
- conductivity-improving additives for example, graphite, carbon black or finely divided metals (e.g., Ti powder).
- Suitable electrolytes are those familiar to the person skilled in the art (liquid, gel, polymer and solid electrolytes).
- the conductive salt used is the lithium salts which are soluble or else can be introduced in such products and have weakly coordinating, oxidation-stable anions. These include, for example, LiPF 6 ,
- Lithium fluoroalkyl phosphates LiBF 4 , imide salts (eg LiN (SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ), LiOSO 2 CF 3 , methide salts (eg LiC (SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 ), L1CIO4, lithium chelatoborates (eg LiBOB), lithium fluorochelato borates (eg L1C 2 O 4 BF 2 ), lithium chelatophosphates (eg LiTOP) and lithium fluorochelatophosphates (eg Li (C204) 2PF2).
- imide salts eg LiN (SO 2 CF 3 ) 2
- LiOSO 2 CF 3 methide salts
- methide salts eg LiC (SO 2 CF 3 ) 3
- L1CIO4 lithium chelatoborates
- lithium fluorochelato borates eg L1C 2 O 4 BF 2
- lithium chelatophosphates eg
- LiPF 6 LiF + PF 5 form reactive species (the Lewis acid PF 5 and / or derivatives thereof) which are capable of exothermic reaction with the aluminum-based hydride anodes of this invention even at relatively low temperature.
- the preparation of the discharged hydride anode material is carried out according to the prior art, for example by reaction of lithium aluminum hydride with
- the charged Al-containing hydride anode material of the present invention becomes
- a conductivity-improving additive is added to the mixture, and
- a particularly preferred, fine material is formed by reaction of
- the solvents used are preferably ethers, for example diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or methyltetrahydrofuran.
- this reaction also solvent-free in an autoclave at
- Lithium hydride / aluminum mixture consists of the reaction of U3AIH6 with lithium metal:
- This reaction is preferably carried out either under milling conditions or thermally in bulk (i.e., solvent-free) at temperatures above the melting point of lithium (180.5 ° C). If the lithium is used in excess, a mixture of elemental Li and Al or a Li / Al alloy is obtained.
- a galvanic element consisting of an aluminum-based hydride anode, a transition metal-containing cathode and an aprotic
- Hydride anode in the discharged state contains a bi- or ternary aluminum hydride of the formula (M 1 ) m (M 2 ) 3 -m AIH6 or consists thereof, wherein M and M 2 are independently an alkali metal element selected from Li, Na and K; m is a number between 1 and 3; n is a number 3;
- a galvanic element in which a partially or completely lithiated lithium insertion material is used as the cathode (positive mass);
- galvanic element in which as
- Lithium insertion material is a lithium metal oxide, a lithiated phosphate, a lithiated silicate or a mixed lithiated fluorometal used.
- the invention relates to: - A method for producing a lithium battery, wherein an anode containing a bi- or ternary metal aluminum hydride of the general formula (M) m (M 2 ) 3- ⁇ , wherein M 1 and M 2 is independently an alkali metal element selected from Li, Na and K; m is a number between 1 and 3; n is a number> 3 with a partially or completely lithiated lithium insertion material through a
- the lithium insertion material is a lithium metal oxide, a lithium phosphate, a lithium silicate or a lithiated
- Fluorometalloxid or a mixture of said substance groups represents.
- the invention also relates to:
- bi- or ternary aluminum hydride is LisAlHe
- a negative mass which contains or consists of lithium hydride and aluminum metal in the charged state
- a negative mass containing conductivity-improving additives such as graphite or Leitruß.
- the invention finally relates to: the preparation of a mixture of lithium hydride and aluminum metal by reaction of lithium aluminum hydride with lithium metal in a polar, aprotic solvent and
- Lithium metal either under grinding conditions or thermally at temperatures above 180.5 ° C.
- FIG. 2 1. Charge of L13AIH6 in the potential range 0.6-3 V
- Figure 3 2.-5. Charge-discharge cycle of L13AIH6 in the potential range 0.6 - 3 V
- FIG. 2 shows lithium incorporation at a potential of about 1 V.
- FIG. 3 demonstrates that lithium incorporation is reversible.
- the relatively low charge / discharge capacity is due to the non-optimized electrode preparation (the electronic contact between the particles is not sufficiently ensured).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009045441 | 2009-10-07 | ||
| PCT/EP2010/006132 WO2011042185A1 (de) | 2009-10-07 | 2010-10-07 | Hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasis und galvanische elemente enthaltend hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasis |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2486616A1 true EP2486616A1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
Family
ID=43511653
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10773840A Withdrawn EP2486616A1 (de) | 2009-10-07 | 2010-10-07 | Hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasis und galvanische elemente enthaltend hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasis |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9166227B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2486616A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6037832B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN102763248A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102010047572A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011042185A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR112014030119A2 (pt) * | 2012-06-05 | 2017-06-27 | Nec Corp | bateria secundária de lítio |
| JP6305413B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-11 | 2018-04-04 | ロックウッド リチウム ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングRockwood Lithium GmbH | ガルバニ電池用の添加剤 |
| WO2014080871A1 (ja) | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-30 | 日本電気株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| KR102204928B1 (ko) | 2013-05-16 | 2021-01-18 | 알베마를 저머니 게엠베하 | 리튬-이온 배터리를 위한 활성 리튬 저장소 |
| WO2016094493A1 (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-16 | Basf Corporation | Metal hydride compositions and lithium ion batteries |
| US20160172676A1 (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-16 | Basf Corporation | Metal Hydride Compositions and Lithium Ion Batteries |
| CA2984691C (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2025-05-06 | Albemarle Germany Gmbh | PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION AND USE OF HIGHLY REACTIVE METAL HYDRIDES |
| DE102015218189B4 (de) * | 2015-09-22 | 2025-02-27 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Lithium-Ionen-Zelle |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4833046A (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1989-05-23 | General Electric Company | Metal-hydrogen secondary battery |
| US5567539A (en) * | 1994-05-23 | 1996-10-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Non-aqueous secondary cell |
| FR2832859B1 (fr) * | 2001-11-28 | 2004-01-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Generateur electrochimique au lithium comprenant au moins une electrode bipolaire avec substrats conducteurs en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium |
| NO325620B1 (no) * | 2003-10-21 | 2008-06-30 | Revolt Technology Ltd | Elektrode, fremgangsmate for fremstilling derav, metall/luft-brenselcelle og metallhydrid-battericelle |
| WO2007106513A2 (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-09-20 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Hydrogen storage in a combined mxaih6/m'y(nh2)z system and a methods of making and using the same |
| US7736805B2 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2010-06-15 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Lithium hydride negative electrode for rechargeable lithium batteries |
-
2010
- 2010-10-07 WO PCT/EP2010/006132 patent/WO2011042185A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2010-10-07 CN CN2010800453641A patent/CN102763248A/zh active Pending
- 2010-10-07 JP JP2012532492A patent/JP6037832B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-10-07 EP EP10773840A patent/EP2486616A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-10-07 DE DE102010047572A patent/DE102010047572A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-10-07 US US13/497,880 patent/US9166227B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2011042185A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9166227B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 |
| DE102010047572A1 (de) | 2011-05-19 |
| CN102763248A (zh) | 2012-10-31 |
| WO2011042185A1 (de) | 2011-04-14 |
| US20120288753A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
| JP2013507726A (ja) | 2013-03-04 |
| JP6037832B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2502303B1 (de) | Lithiumbatterie ENTHALTEND SAUERSTOFFHALTIGE KONVERSIONSELEKTRODEN | |
| DE60128043T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kathodenaktivmaterial und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zelle mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyten | |
| JP4549060B2 (ja) | 酸化リチウム・バナジウム、その調製プロセス、及び、電極活物質としてのその利用 | |
| EP2486616A1 (de) | Hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasis und galvanische elemente enthaltend hydridanoden auf aluminiumbasis | |
| EP2494636B1 (de) | Stickstoffhaltige hydridanoden und galvanische elemente enthaltend stickstoffhaltige hydridanoden | |
| CN112885996A (zh) | 正极活性材料及其制备方法、正极和锂离子电池 | |
| DE69907182T2 (de) | Elektrochemische zelle | |
| EP2553748B1 (de) | Metallimidverbindungen als anodenmaterialien für lithiumbatterien und galvanische elemente mit hoher speicherkapazität | |
| US11888154B2 (en) | Positive electrode sheet, secondary battery, battery module, battery pack and electrical apparatus | |
| EP4614606A1 (de) | Positivelektrodenaktivmaterial für eine lithium-ionen-sekundärbatterie und lithium-ionen-sekundärbatterie | |
| EP3847710A1 (de) | Wiederaufladbare lithium-batterie mit einer kompositanode | |
| US20130062575A1 (en) | Metal imide compounds as anode materials for lithium batteries and galvanic elements with a high storage capacity | |
| JP3615416B2 (ja) | リチウム二次電池 | |
| EP4614612A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines positivelektrodenaktivmaterials für eine lithium-ionen-sekundärbatterie | |
| EP4614613A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines positivelektrodenaktivmaterials für lithium-ionen-sekundärbatterien | |
| EP4614611A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines positivelektrodenaktivmaterials für lithium-ionen-sekundärbatterien | |
| EP4614610A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines positivelektrodenaktivmaterials für eine lithium-ionen-sekundärbatterie | |
| EP4614614A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines positivelektrodenaktivmaterials für eine lithium-ionen-sekundärbatterie | |
| CN119744454A (zh) | 一种正极极片、电池和用电装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20120507 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20170626 |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: ALBEMARLE GERMANY GMBH |
|
| RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: H01M 4/46 20060101ALI20180525BHEP Ipc: H01M 10/052 20100101ALI20180525BHEP Ipc: H01M 4/38 20060101AFI20180525BHEP Ipc: H01M 4/40 20060101ALI20180525BHEP Ipc: H01M 4/62 20060101ALI20180525BHEP Ipc: H01M 4/58 20100101ALI20180525BHEP |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20180723 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20181204 |