EP2485825A1 - Device for filtering dust - Google Patents

Device for filtering dust

Info

Publication number
EP2485825A1
EP2485825A1 EP10778701A EP10778701A EP2485825A1 EP 2485825 A1 EP2485825 A1 EP 2485825A1 EP 10778701 A EP10778701 A EP 10778701A EP 10778701 A EP10778701 A EP 10778701A EP 2485825 A1 EP2485825 A1 EP 2485825A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
air
dust
cover
compartment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10778701A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
David Petitdemange
Julien François MARINE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nielsen Innovation SARL
Original Assignee
Nielsen Innovation SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nielsen Innovation SARL filed Critical Nielsen Innovation SARL
Publication of EP2485825A1 publication Critical patent/EP2485825A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
    • A47L9/106—Dust removal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
    • A47L9/12—Dry filters
    • A47L9/127—Dry filters tube- or sleeve-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/4227—Manipulating filters or filter elements, e.g. handles or extracting tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
    • B01D46/521—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
    • B01D46/64—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/74—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element
    • B01D46/76—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element involving vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/55—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for cleaning appliances, e.g. suction cleaners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dust filtration device intended to be mounted in a receiving compartment which is arranged in particular in a vacuum cleaner and which comprises a dirty air inlet and a filtered air outlet, said device comprising two filtration stages formed by a pre-filter and a filter arranged in the air stream maintained between the inlet and the air outlet by a suction unit.
  • a two-stage filtration device is described for example in GB 886641 and US6546592.
  • the pre-filter has a tubular cage, with longitudinal axis XX, filtering side wall which is closed at its ends respectively by two lids constituting a primary chamber and one of the lids is associated with a tubing d air intake adapted to come to mate with the dirty air inlet, and the filter, having a tubular structure with a filtering side wall, is mounted to fit around the pre-filter with a clearance J thus providing an annular chamber secondary which is closed by two covers integral with the ends of the structure and one of which has a passage opening for the tubing of the pre-filter, the device being characterized in that the cap has the shape of a cover on which is mounted the intake manifold, and is mounted movably on the lid by means of a hinge and retained, sealingly, on the lid by a hook diametrically opposite the articu tion, and in that the pre-filter and filter assembly constitutes a dust box.
  • the device comprises means for emptying the primary and secondary chambers.
  • the receiving compartment is no longer the function of dust collection, but serves only as a receptacle for the dust box assembly, this assembly containing all the dust sucked and can thus be carried easily above, for example of a trash can, to proceed without dirtying a emptying operation of the primary and secondary rooms.
  • this monobloc construction provides a filter device particularly clean, simple, robust, easy assembly and therefore a lower manufacturing cost. It will be understood that this filtration device induces a simplified construction of the housing of the vacuum cleaner which is particularly interesting for hand-held portable vacuum cleaners.
  • the construction of the filter closed by two lids makes it possible to use a conventional construction filter and therefore a competitive cost price.
  • certain vacuum cleaners use mechanical means for cleaning the filter as described, for example, in EP 1523916.
  • the pre-filter and the filter are mounted in a dust collection chamber which is removably mounted on the housing of the vacuum cleaner to allow its emptying.
  • This emptying operation is tedious, but also causes three cleaning operations in the open air, the first emptying said compartment and clean its inner wall, the second to brush the wall external of the pre-filter and the third to remove the pre ⁇ filter to clean the inner wall on which accumulated dust removed from the filter by the declogging means.
  • Aspirators are also known comprising a pleated type filter in addition to a dust bag and subjected to a declogging means.
  • a bag Although the use of a bag is practical, it appears in this construction that the bag emptying operations and cleaning the filter require manipulations generating dust flights.
  • the unclogging means is not optimal because it is automatic throughout the operation of the device which suggests that the shaken dust is immediately re-aspired.
  • the unclogging means comprises an integral member of the pre-filter cage and intended to come into contact with the inner side wall of the filter; said filter and said pre-filter being able to be driven by a relative rotational movement.
  • the receiving compartment is no longer the function of dust collection, but serves only as a receptacle for the dust box assembly, this one-piece assembly containing all the dust sucked and can thus be carried easily above, by example of a trash can, to proceed without getting dirty to an emptying operation of the primary and secondary rooms.
  • the filtration device according to the invention proves to be an improvement in the hygiene of use of reusable filters.
  • a very interesting application is the integration of such a filtration device into a vacuum cleaner of the type comprising a receptacle forming a generally tubular housing which contains a suction unit comprising a casing enclosing a centrifugal fan driven by a motor and having a suction nozzle which is located upstream of the filtration device and facing the seal without tubing and which is extended by a volute attached to the compartment, and a discharge port arranged in a direction transverse to that of the suction nozzle and through which the air is discharged to the outside; said motor being positioned in the volute with one of its flanges located downstream in the air stream.
  • This particular embodiment of the filtration device makes it possible to use a turbine whose flow rate is very high at low power, thus enabling a lower energy consumption with a more than excellent result in dust extraction.
  • a turbine whose flow rate is very high at low power, thus enabling a lower energy consumption with a more than excellent result in dust extraction.
  • the dust filtration device designated as a whole by the reference 1, is intended to be mounted in a receiving compartment shown schematically by the reference 2 and which comprises an access door schematically in 2 ', a dirty air inlet 3 communicating with a not shown cleaning tool, and a filtered air outlet 4.
  • This device is arranged in particular in a conventional vacuum cleaner whose compartment 2 also forms the housing and contains a suction unit schematically in 6 connected to the filtered air outlet 4.
  • This vacuum cleaner can have a shape called hand or broom or sleigh.
  • the filtration device 1 can also be arranged in a compartment mounted in the suction circuit of a central vacuum. In the example shown, the filtration device is mounted in a vacuum cleaner of the type held by hand.
  • Said filtration device comprises two filtration stages formed by a pre-filter 7 and a filter 8 arranged in the stream of air maintained in the compartment 2 between the inlet 3 and the outlet 4 of air by the suction unit 6.
  • the pre-filter 7 has a tubular cage 9, with longitudinal axis XX, filtering side wall which is closed at its anterior and posterior ends respectively by two lids 10 and 11 constituting a primary chamber and one of the lids is associated with an intake manifold 12 adapted to come mate with the inlet 3 dirty air.
  • the filter 8 having a tubular structure 13 with a filtering side wall, is mounted to fit around the pre-filter with a clearance J thus providing a secondary annular chamber which is closed by two covers 14 and 15 integral with the ends of the structure and whose a 14 presents an opening 16 passage for the tubing 12 of the pre-filter, and in that all pre ⁇ filter 7 and filter 8 forms a dust box and comprises means for emptying the primary and secondary chambers.
  • This dust box is removably mounted in the compartment 2 and rests on a cradle 5 formed for example of several brackets bearing on the wall of the compartment and respectively on the edges of the covers 14 and 15.
  • the said consoles are spaced so as not to not disturb the air flow coming out of the filter 8.
  • the pre-filter 7 is removably mounted in the filter 8 through the opening 16, a sealing means being arranged between this opening and the cage 9.
  • the tubular structure 13 of the filter 8 and the cage 9 of the pre-filter 7 respectively have a generally cylindrical shape.
  • the clearance J between the filter 8 and the pre-filter 7 is given by an empirical choice that combines performance of filtration and capture volume of fine dust and has a radial dimension of the order of one centimeter.
  • this monobloc construction of the filtration device ensures, by its large filtration surface formed by the two chambers, a selective and complete collection of dust; that is to say that this one-piece set of nested filters forms a removable dust box whose function is to retain all the dust sucked leaving the receiving compartment clean.
  • the cage 9 of the pre-filter 7 is made by a molded plastic frame having longitudinal longitudinal members and annular ribs on which is fixed a filter cloth (partially shown by the reference 9 '), preferably by overmolding.
  • the pre-filter 7 comprises a thin mesh fabric, for example Nylon® (registered trademark) so as to retain the large dust
  • the filter 8 comprises, for example, a canvas or a very fine mesh material or a PET type material for retaining fine dust.
  • the filter and pre-filter materials will preferably be chosen for their quality of separation of dust while allowing their washing.
  • the invention provides for equipping this filtering device with a means for unclogging the filter.
  • internal side wall 18 of the filter 8 which is arranged in the game J.
  • the unclogging means may be designed as a brush adapted to slide manually in the space J to rub the inner side wall 18 of the filter 8; said brush being operable from outside the filter box by a rod passing through one of the covers.
  • the filtration device according to the invention not only acts as a vessel and encloses the dust, but also makes it possible, without removing the filters, to extract the fine dust attached to the inner wall 18 of the filter.
  • the filter 8, the pre-filter 7 and the unclogging means form a compact assembly removably mounted in the receiving compartment 2. As will be understood, this assembly constitutes a dust box that can be handled in a clean manner because the external wall of the filter remains clean.
  • the unclogging means comprises a projecting member 19 integral with the cage 9 of the pre-filter 7 and intended to come into contact with the inner side wall 18 of the filter 8; said filter and said pre-filter being able to be driven by a relative rotational movement.
  • the member 19 being carried by the armature of the cage 9 of the pre-filter 7, the cage 9 of the pre-filter is rotatably mounted in the filter and for this purpose has a bearing surface 20 and a bearing 21 which rest respectively on two bearings 22 and 23 opposed longitudinally and carried respectively by the covers 14 and 15.
  • the bearing 22 is presently formed by spaced radial teeth made on the cover 14 and the bearing 23 is formed by the edge of an orifice 25 made in the cover 15.
  • the cage 9 of the pre-filter is rotated by a handle 24 integral with the cap 11 and protruding outwardly of the pre-filter and through the orifice 25.
  • a handle 24 integral with the cap 11 and protruding outwardly of the pre-filter and through the orifice 25.
  • an annular gasket 26 with radial lips is placed in a housing formed between an annular partition 27 carried by the cover 15 and a partition 28 also annular carried by the 11.
  • the seal at the lid 10 and the lid 14 is obtained by a seal 29 inserted in a groove made in the lid 10 and which engages with the outer edge of a circular wall 14 ' by the cover 14.
  • the structure of the filtering wall of the filter 8 is of the pleated type constituted by folds arranged longitudinally to the axis XX and thus forming longitudinal internal and external edges.
  • the member 19 of the cage 9 is then formed by at least one boss, preferably by a plurality of radial bosses distributed longitudinally and angularly so as to allow vigorous shaking over the entire longitudinal length of the filter.
  • said bosses are distributed in pairs along the same longitudinal line of the longitudinal members of the frame of the cage 9, being spaced from each other, so as to vibrate under the impact of the whole body. internal edge of the fold concerned.
  • the angular distribution of the bosses is carried out in two diametrically opposite lines.
  • the cage 9 pre ⁇ filter 7 has a frustoconical shape whose large base is open and the cover door 10 and whose small base is closed by the lid 11, and its side wall supports the fabric 9 'able to retain large dust.
  • the filter 8 also has a frustoconical shape whose large base is formed by the cover 14 and whose small base is formed by the cover 15, while the structure of the lateral surface is of the pleated type with the folds extending longitudinally, and has a texture capable of retaining fine dust.
  • the main advantage of this configuration is associated with the shape given to the wall of the compartment 2 which is presently of cylindrical shape.
  • the air passage section delimited by the wall of the filter 8 and the wall of the compartment 2 increases from the large base towards the small base in the direction of the air flow which guarantees a flow velocity of constant air and thus ensures a large flow and the limitation of pressure losses.
  • Such a filtration device is also remarkable in that it organizes a stream of air along a simplified path first longitudinally between the tubing 12 and the pre-filter 7 whose role is to sift the incoming dust to retain the most large, then transverse of the pre-filter to the filter 8 which retains by its texture the finest dust, and finally longitudinal between the filter 8 and the outlet 4 connected to the suction unit so that the air follows a winding course promoting the deposit of dust.
  • the cover 10 has the shape of a cover on which the intake manifold 12 is mounted and which is mounted to move on the cover 14 by means of a hinge 30 and held tightly on the cover 14 by an elastic hook 31 diametrically opposed to the joint.
  • This tubing comprises a non-return valve 32 so as to retain the dust in the pre-filter.
  • the pre-filter 7 and the cap 10 equipped with the tubing 12 comprise a mutual means of automatic opening.
  • This mutual means of openness comprises tabs 33 which each have a beveled tip 34 and a base implanted on the large base of the pre-filter, and the cover-shaped cap 10 has an internal edge 36 having bosses 37, each vertex of which is turned towards the meadow -filter, is of triangular general shape.
  • the handle 24 By means of the handle 24, it rotates the pre-filter 7 and thus the tabs 33 which abut the bosses 37 inducing axial thrust forces which, in a first step, unlock the elastic hook 31, then outwardly hunt the cover / cap 10 which pivots around its articulation 30. Simultaneously, the bosses of the member 19 hit the folds of the filter 8 one after the other causing the fine dust to fall into the secondary chamber. During the rotation and shaking of the filter, the vibrations generated by the bosses contribute to the unclogging of the pre-filter. Then, under the action of gravity, the secondary chamber and the primary chamber empty automatically from all dust, without shaking and thus without clearing a dusty cloud.
  • the filtration device described above is particularly well suited to its implementation in a vacuum cleaner whose housing 2 has a cylindrical shape and cleans a dust compartment 2 which surrounds the filter 8 by providing an air circulation space of increasing section from downstream to upstream, while the suction unit 6 is arranged upstream of the filter 8 and pre-filter 7 in the air stream.
  • Said group 6 comprises a casing 38 enclosing a fan 40 of the centrifugal type driven by a motor 39 and having a suction nozzle 41 located upstream of the filtration device and extended by a volute 42 attached to the compartment 2, and an orifice of delivery 43 arranged in a direction transverse to that of the suction nozzle and through which the air is rejected outside.
  • the motor 39 is positioned in the housing 38 with one of its flanges 44 located downstream in the air stream.
  • the arrangement of the monoblock filtration device placed just before the suction nozzle 41 makes it possible to obtain a longitudinal and swirling air stream all around the motor and the filter favoring the high suction flow rate and avoiding the pressure losses between this filter and the fan.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Filters For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)

Abstract

Said filtering device is intended for being mounted into a vacuum cleaner receiving compartment (2) comprising a dirty air inlet (3) and a filtered air outlet (4), said device including two filtration levels, formed of a pre-filter (7) and a filter (8), that are placed in the air current kept between the air inlet and outlet by means of a vacuum unit (6). The pre-filter (7) and filter (8) assembly makes up a sealed dustbin. The invention is of use in the electrical appliances field.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE FILTRATION DES POUSSIERES  DEVICE FOR FILTRATION OF DUST
L'invention, se rapporte à un dispositif de filtration des poussières destiné à être monté dans un compartiment de réception qui est agencé notamment dans un aspirateur et qui comporte une entrée d'air sale et une sortie d'air filtré, ledit dispositif comprenant deux étages de filtration formé par un pré-filtre et un filtre disposés dans le courant d'air entretenu entre l'entrée et la sortie d'air par un groupe d'aspiration. The invention relates to a dust filtration device intended to be mounted in a receiving compartment which is arranged in particular in a vacuum cleaner and which comprises a dirty air inlet and a filtered air outlet, said device comprising two filtration stages formed by a pre-filter and a filter arranged in the air stream maintained between the inlet and the air outlet by a suction unit.
Un dispositif de filtration à deux étages est décrit par exemple dans les brevets GB 886641 et US6546592.  A two-stage filtration device is described for example in GB 886641 and US6546592.
Il s'avère que ce type de filtration remplit bien sa fonction de retenues sélectives des poussières fines et grosses, mais ces poussières sont récupérées dans un compartiment entourant ces filtres et que l'on doit vider régulièrement au-dessus d'une poubelle. Ce vidage du compartiment entraîne l'envolée des poussières les plus fines dans l'environnement de l'utilisateur, tandis que les filtres restent solidaires du boîtier de l'aspirateur ; le pré-filtre exposant sa paroi sale vers l'extérieur. En outre, le compartiment est le plus souvent constitué par une partie du boîtier de l'aspirateur et doit être également dépoussiéré et lavé. L'invention a donc pour but de pallier les inconvénients de l'art antérieur en réalisant un dispositif de filtration de conception très simplifiée, robuste, ne nécessitant qu'une seule manipulation de vidage et de nettoyage et procurant de part sa réalisation un ensemble facilement insérable, en toute propreté, dans un compartiment ou boîtier d'un aspirateur ou centrale d ' aspiration . It turns out that this type of filtration performs its function of selective retention of fine and large dusts, but this dust is recovered in a compartment surrounding these filters and that one must regularly empty over a trash. This emptying of the compartment causes the flight of the finest dust in the environment of the user, while the filters remain attached to the housing of the vacuum cleaner; the pre-filter exposing its dirty wall to the outside. In addition, the compartment is most often constituted by a part of the housing of the vacuum cleaner and must also be dusted and washed. The invention therefore aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by providing a filtering device of very simplified design, robust, requiring only one dump handling and cleaning and providing for its realization a set easily insertable, cleanly, into a compartment or housing of a vacuum cleaner or central vacuum cleaner.
Selon l'invention, le pré-filtre présente une cage tubulaire, à axe longitudinal X-X, à paroi latérale filtrante qui est fermée en ses extrémités respectivement par deux opercules constituant une chambre primaire et dont l'un des opercules est associé à une tubulure d'admission d'air adaptée à venir s'accoupler avec l'entrée d'air sale, et le filtre, présentant une structure tubulaire à paroi latérale filtrante, est monté emboîtable autour du pré-filtre avec un jeu J ménageant ainsi une chambre annulaire secondaire qui est fermée par deux couvercles solidaires des extrémités de la structure et dont l'un présente une ouverture de passage pour la tubulure du pré-filtre, le dispositif étant caractérisé en ce que l'opercule présente la forme d'un capot sur lequel est montée la tubulure d'admission, et est monté mobile sur le couvercle au moyen d'une articulation et retenu, de façon étanche, sur le couvercle par un crochet diamétralement opposé à l'articulation, et en ce que l'ensemble pré-filtre et filtre constitue une boîte à poussières .  According to the invention, the pre-filter has a tubular cage, with longitudinal axis XX, filtering side wall which is closed at its ends respectively by two lids constituting a primary chamber and one of the lids is associated with a tubing d air intake adapted to come to mate with the dirty air inlet, and the filter, having a tubular structure with a filtering side wall, is mounted to fit around the pre-filter with a clearance J thus providing an annular chamber secondary which is closed by two covers integral with the ends of the structure and one of which has a passage opening for the tubing of the pre-filter, the device being characterized in that the cap has the shape of a cover on which is mounted the intake manifold, and is mounted movably on the lid by means of a hinge and retained, sealingly, on the lid by a hook diametrically opposite the articu tion, and in that the pre-filter and filter assembly constitutes a dust box.
En outre, le dispositif comporte des moyens de vidage des chambres primaire et secondaire.  In addition, the device comprises means for emptying the primary and secondary chambers.
Grâce à cette construction et notamment au jeu J dont la dimension a été optimisée par des essais de colmatage, on obtient, non seulement une surface de filtration très importante, mais aussi une séparation des poussières dans deux chambres distinctes minimisant le colmatage du filtre et donc prolongeant l'efficacité de filtration dans le temps d'usage. De plus, le compartiment de réception n'a plus pour fonction la récupération des poussières, mais sert uniquement de réceptacle de l'ensemble boîte à poussières, cet ensemble renfermant toutes les poussières aspirées et pouvant ainsi être emporté facilement au- dessus, par exemple d'une poubelle, pour procéder sans se salir à une opération de vidage des chambres primaire et secondaire. Thanks to this construction and in particular to the clearance J, the size of which has been optimized by clogging tests, not only is a very large filtration area obtained, but also a separation of the dust in two separate chambers minimizes clogging of the filter and therefore prolonging the filtration efficiency in the time of use. In addition, the receiving compartment is no longer the function of dust collection, but serves only as a receptacle for the dust box assembly, this assembly containing all the dust sucked and can thus be carried easily above, for example of a trash can, to proceed without dirtying a emptying operation of the primary and secondary rooms.
En outre, grâce à cette construction monobloc, on réalise un dispositif de filtration particulièrement propre, simple, robuste, d'un montage aisé et donc d'un coût de fabrication plus faible. On comprendra que ce dispositif de filtration induit une construction simplifiée du boîtier de l'aspirateur qui est notamment intéressante pour les aspirateurs du type portable tenu à la main. La construction du filtre fermé par deux couvercles permet d'utiliser un filtre de construction classique et donc d'un prix de revient concurrentiel. Pour faciliter l'enlèvement des poussières du pré-filtre ou filtre, on a recours dans certains aspirateurs à un moyen mécanique de décolmatage du filtre comme décrit ,par exemple, dans le brevet EP 1523916.  In addition, thanks to this monobloc construction, it provides a filter device particularly clean, simple, robust, easy assembly and therefore a lower manufacturing cost. It will be understood that this filtration device induces a simplified construction of the housing of the vacuum cleaner which is particularly interesting for hand-held portable vacuum cleaners. The construction of the filter closed by two lids makes it possible to use a conventional construction filter and therefore a competitive cost price. In order to facilitate the removal of dust from the pre-filter or filter, certain vacuum cleaners use mechanical means for cleaning the filter as described, for example, in EP 1523916.
Dans ce type d'aspirateur, le pré-filtre et le filtre sont montés dans un compartiment de récupération des poussières qui est monté amovible sur le boîtier de l'aspirateur afin de permettre sa vidange. Cette opération de vidange est fastidieuse, mais occasionne aussi trois opérations de nettoyage à l'air libre, la première consistant à vider ledit compartiment et nettoyer sa paroi interne, la seconde à brosser la paroi externe du pré-filtre et la troisième à démonter le pré¬ filtre pour nettoyer sa paroi interne sur laquelle s'est accumulée les poussières délogées du filtre par le moyen de décolmatage. In this type of vacuum cleaner, the pre-filter and the filter are mounted in a dust collection chamber which is removably mounted on the housing of the vacuum cleaner to allow its emptying. This emptying operation is tedious, but also causes three cleaning operations in the open air, the first emptying said compartment and clean its inner wall, the second to brush the wall external of the pre-filter and the third to remove the pre ¬ filter to clean the inner wall on which accumulated dust removed from the filter by the declogging means.
De plus, une fois que ce pré-filtre est enlevé, le filtre est mis à nu et laisse échapper encore de fines poussières retenues dans les plis du filtre. In addition, once this pre-filter is removed, the filter is exposed and still let out fine dust retained in the folds of the filter.
On connaît également des aspirateurs comportant un filtre du type plissé en complément d'un sac à poussières et soumis à un moyen de décolmatage. Bien que l'usage d'un sac soit pratique, il apparaît dans cette construction que les opérations de vidange du sac et nettoyage du filtre exigent des manipulations générant des envols de poussières. En outre, une telle construction du moyen de décolmatage n'est pas optimale car elle est automatique pendant tout le fonctionnement de l'appareil ce qui laisse à penser que les poussières secouées sont réaspirées immédiatement. Aspirators are also known comprising a pleated type filter in addition to a dust bag and subjected to a declogging means. Although the use of a bag is practical, it appears in this construction that the bag emptying operations and cleaning the filter require manipulations generating dust flights. In addition, such a construction of the unclogging means is not optimal because it is automatic throughout the operation of the device which suggests that the shaken dust is immediately re-aspired.
Il existe également des aspirateurs tels que décrits dans le brevet US 6598263 et qui concernent des moyens de décolmatage d'un pré-filtre au moyen d'une brosse montée fixe lors du mouvement d'extraction de ce dernier, et d'un filtre au moyen d'un racloir destiné à racler ledit filtre lors d'un mouvement de rotation de ce dernier. Cet ensemble pré-filtre et filtre est monté dans un carter de réception des poussières. On retrouve les mêmes problèmes évoqués plus haut ; c'est-à-dire le vidage du carter et le nettoyage individuel et à l'air libre des deux filtres, ainsi que le coût de fabrication engendré par le nombre de pièces nécessaires. Dans un but d'optimisation de collecte des fines poussières et selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le dispositif de filtration est équipé d' un moyen de décolmatage de la paroi latérale du filtre qui est agencé dans le jeu J. There are also vacuum cleaners as described in US Pat. No. 6,598,263 and which concern means for unclogging a pre-filter by means of a fixed mounted brush during the extraction movement of the latter, and a filter at means of a scraper for scraping said filter during a rotational movement thereof. This pre-filter and filter assembly is mounted in a dust receiving housing. We find the same problems mentioned above; that is to say the emptying of the housing and the cleaning of the individual and open air of the two filters, as well as the manufacturing cost generated by the number of parts required. For the purpose of optimizing the collection of fine dust and according to another characteristic of the invention, the filtration device is equipped with a means for unclogging the side wall of the filter which is arranged in the set J.
Dans un mode de réalisation préférentiel, le moyen de décolmatage comporte un organe solidaire de la cage du pré-filtre et destiné à venir au contact de la paroi latérale interne du filtre; ledit filtre et le dit pré- filtre pouvant être animés d'un mouvement relatif de rotation .  In a preferred embodiment, the unclogging means comprises an integral member of the pre-filter cage and intended to come into contact with the inner side wall of the filter; said filter and said pre-filter being able to be driven by a relative rotational movement.
Grâce à cette construction, le décolmatage de toute la paroi interne du filtre est assuré de façon simple et économique en exerçant un seul et complet mouvement de rotation entre le filtre et le pré-filtre. Grâce à cette construction et notamment au jeu J dont la dimension a été optimisée par des essais de colmatage, on obtient, non seulement une surface de filtration très importante, mais aussi une séparation des poussières dans deux chambres distinctes minimisant le colmatage du filtre et donc prolongeant l'efficacité de filtration dans le temps d'usage .  Thanks to this construction, unclogging of the entire inner wall of the filter is provided simply and economically by exerting a single and complete rotational movement between the filter and the pre-filter. Thanks to this construction and in particular to the clearance J, the size of which has been optimized by clogging tests, not only is a very large filtration area obtained, but also a separation of the dust in two separate chambers minimizes clogging of the filter and therefore prolonging the filtration efficiency in the time of use.
De plus, le compartiment de réception n'a plus pour fonction la récupération des poussières, mais sert uniquement de réceptacle de l'ensemble boîte à poussières, cet ensemble monobloc renfermant toutes les poussières aspirées et pouvant ainsi être emporté facilement au-dessus, par exemple d'une poubelle, pour procéder sans se salir à une opération de vidage des chambres primaire et secondaire. Le dispositif de filtration selon l'invention s'avère être un progrès dans l'hygiène d'usage de filtres réutilisables . In addition, the receiving compartment is no longer the function of dust collection, but serves only as a receptacle for the dust box assembly, this one-piece assembly containing all the dust sucked and can thus be carried easily above, by example of a trash can, to proceed without getting dirty to an emptying operation of the primary and secondary rooms. The filtration device according to the invention proves to be an improvement in the hygiene of use of reusable filters.
Un application très intéressante, tant du point de vue technique que du point de vue commodité d'utilisation, est l'intégration d'un tel dispositif de filtration dans un aspirateur du type comprenant un compartiment de réception formant boîtier de forme générale tubulaire qui contient un groupe d'aspiration comportant un carter renfermant un ventilateur du type centrifuge entraîné par un moteur et présentant une buse d'aspiration qui est située en amont du dispositif de filtration et en regard de l'opercule sans tubulure et qui est prolongée d'une volute rattachée au compartiment, et un orifice de refoulement agencé selon une direction transversale à celle de la buse d'aspiration et par laquelle l'air est rejeté à l'extérieur ; ledit moteur étant positionné dans la volute avec l'un de ses flasques situé en aval dans le courant d'air.  A very interesting application, both from the technical point of view and from the point of view of convenience of use, is the integration of such a filtration device into a vacuum cleaner of the type comprising a receptacle forming a generally tubular housing which contains a suction unit comprising a casing enclosing a centrifugal fan driven by a motor and having a suction nozzle which is located upstream of the filtration device and facing the seal without tubing and which is extended by a volute attached to the compartment, and a discharge port arranged in a direction transverse to that of the suction nozzle and through which the air is discharged to the outside; said motor being positioned in the volute with one of its flanges located downstream in the air stream.
Cette réalisation particulière du dispositif de filtration permet d'utiliser une turbine dont le débit est très important à faible puissance autorisant ainsi une consommation d'énergie moindre avec un résultat plus qu'excellent dans l'aspiration des poussières. Une telle application est décrite par exemple dans le brevet français déposé par la Demanderesse et publié sous le numéro FR 2826851. This particular embodiment of the filtration device makes it possible to use a turbine whose flow rate is very high at low power, thus enabling a lower energy consumption with a more than excellent result in dust extraction. Such an application is described for example in the French patent filed by the Applicant and published under the number FR 2826851.
Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, prise à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel la figure unique est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif de filtration selon l'invention agencé dans un compartiment de réception. The features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, taken by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawing in which the single figure is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a device of FIG. filtration according to the invention arranged in a receiving compartment.
En se référant à la figure unique, le dispositif de filtration des poussières, désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 1, est destiné à être monté dans un compartiment de réception schématisé par la référence 2 et qui comporte une trappe d'accès schématisée en 2', une entrée 3 d'air sale communiquant avec un outil de nettoyage non représenté, et une sortie 4 d'air filtré. Ce dispositif est agencé notamment dans un aspirateur classique dont le compartiment 2 forme également le boîtier et contient un groupe d'aspiration schématisé en 6 relié à la sortie d'air filtré 4. Cet aspirateur peut présenter une forme dite à main ou de balai ou de traîneau. Le dispositif de filtration 1 peut être aussi agencé dans un compartiment monté dans le circuit d'aspiration d'une centrale d'aspiration. Dans l'exemple représenté, le dispositif de filtration est monté dans un aspirateur du type tenu à la main. Referring to the single figure, the dust filtration device, designated as a whole by the reference 1, is intended to be mounted in a receiving compartment shown schematically by the reference 2 and which comprises an access door schematically in 2 ', a dirty air inlet 3 communicating with a not shown cleaning tool, and a filtered air outlet 4. This device is arranged in particular in a conventional vacuum cleaner whose compartment 2 also forms the housing and contains a suction unit schematically in 6 connected to the filtered air outlet 4. This vacuum cleaner can have a shape called hand or broom or sleigh. The filtration device 1 can also be arranged in a compartment mounted in the suction circuit of a central vacuum. In the example shown, the filtration device is mounted in a vacuum cleaner of the type held by hand.
Ledit dispositif de filtration comprend deux étages de filtration formé par un pré-filtre 7 et un filtre 8 disposés dans le courant d'air entretenu dans le compartiment 2 entre l'entrée 3 et la sortie 4 d'air par le groupe d'aspiration 6.  Said filtration device comprises two filtration stages formed by a pre-filter 7 and a filter 8 arranged in the stream of air maintained in the compartment 2 between the inlet 3 and the outlet 4 of air by the suction unit 6.
Dans le dispositif de filtration représenté sur la figure et selon l'invention, le pré-filtre 7 présente une cage tubulaire 9, à axe longitudinal X-X, à paroi latérale filtrante qui est fermée en ses extrémités antérieure et postérieure respectivement par deux opercules 10 et 11 constituant une chambre primaire et dont l'un 10 des opercules est associé à une tubulure 12 d'admission d'air adaptée à venir s'accoupler avec l'entrée 3 d'air sale. Le filtre 8, présentant une structure 13 tubulaire à paroi latérale filtrante, est monté emboîtable autour du pré-filtre avec un jeu J ménageant ainsi une chambre annulaire secondaire qui est fermée par deux couvercles 14 et 15 solidaires des extrémités de la structure et dont l'un 14 présente une ouverture 16 de passage pour la tubulure 12 du pré-filtre, et en ce que l'ensemble pré¬ filtre 7 et filtre 8 constitue une boîte à poussières et comporte des moyens de vidage des chambres primaire et secondaire . In the filtration device shown in the figure and according to the invention, the pre-filter 7 has a tubular cage 9, with longitudinal axis XX, filtering side wall which is closed at its anterior and posterior ends respectively by two lids 10 and 11 constituting a primary chamber and one of the lids is associated with an intake manifold 12 adapted to come mate with the inlet 3 dirty air. The filter 8, having a tubular structure 13 with a filtering side wall, is mounted to fit around the pre-filter with a clearance J thus providing a secondary annular chamber which is closed by two covers 14 and 15 integral with the ends of the structure and whose a 14 presents an opening 16 passage for the tubing 12 of the pre-filter, and in that all pre ¬ filter 7 and filter 8 forms a dust box and comprises means for emptying the primary and secondary chambers.
Cette boîte à poussières est montée amovible dans le compartiment 2 et repose sur un berceau 5 formé par exemple de plusieurs consoles prenant appui sur la paroi du compartiment et respectivement sur les bords des couvercles 14 et 15. Les dites consoles sont espacées de manière à ne pas perturber le courant d'air sortant du filtre 8.  This dust box is removably mounted in the compartment 2 and rests on a cradle 5 formed for example of several brackets bearing on the wall of the compartment and respectively on the edges of the covers 14 and 15. The said consoles are spaced so as not to not disturb the air flow coming out of the filter 8.
Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, le pré-filtre 7 est monté de façon amovible dans le filtre 8 au travers de l'ouverture 16, un moyen d'étanchéité étant agencé entre cette ouverture et la cage 9.  According to an important characteristic of the invention, the pre-filter 7 is removably mounted in the filter 8 through the opening 16, a sealing means being arranged between this opening and the cage 9.
On peut également envisager l'amovibilité du pré-filtre 7 au travers d'une ouverture pratiquée alors dans le couvercle opposé à celui portant la tubulure et qui reçoit à cet effet une porte étanche ouvrable.  It is also possible to consider the removability of the pre-filter 7 through an opening then made in the cover opposite to that carrying the tubing and which receives for this purpose a sealed openable door.
Selon une première réalisation, non représentée, la structure tubulaire 13 du filtre 8 et la cage 9 du pré- filtre 7 présentent respectivement une forme générale cylindrique . According to a first embodiment, not shown, the tubular structure 13 of the filter 8 and the cage 9 of the pre-filter 7 respectively have a generally cylindrical shape.
Le jeu J entre le filtre 8 et le pré-filtre 7 est donné par un choix empirique qui allie performance de filtration et volume de captage des poussières fines et a une dimension radiale de l'ordre de un centimètre. The clearance J between the filter 8 and the pre-filter 7 is given by an empirical choice that combines performance of filtration and capture volume of fine dust and has a radial dimension of the order of one centimeter.
Grâce à cette construction monobloc du dispositif de filtration, on assure, par sa grande surface de filtration formée par les deux chambres, un captage sélectif et complet des poussières ; c'est-à-dire que cet ensemble monobloc de filtres imbriquées forme une boîte à poussières amovible qui a pour fonction de retenir toutes les poussières aspirées laissant propre le compartiment de réception. Thanks to this monobloc construction of the filtration device, it ensures, by its large filtration surface formed by the two chambers, a selective and complete collection of dust; that is to say that this one-piece set of nested filters forms a removable dust box whose function is to retain all the dust sucked leaving the receiving compartment clean.
Contrairement aux dispositifs connus, il n'y a pas lieu de construire un compartiment spécifique amovible ou non de collecte des poussières.  Unlike known devices, there is no need to build a specific compartment removable or not dust collection.
Comme on le voit sur la figure, la cage 9 du pré-filtre 7 est réalisée par une armature moulée en plastique présentant des longerons longitudinaux et des nervures annulaires sur lesquels est fixée une toile filtrante (schématisée partiellement par la référence 9'), de préférence par surmoulage. Le pré-filtre 7 comprend une toile à maille fines, par exemple en Nylon® (marque déposée) de manière à retenir les grosses poussières, tandis que le filtre 8 comprend, par exemple, une toile ou un matériau à mailles très fines ou bien un matériau du type PET pour retenir les fines poussières. Les matériaux des filtre et pré-filtre seront de préférence choisis pour leur qualité de séparation des poussières tout en permettant leur lavage.  As seen in the figure, the cage 9 of the pre-filter 7 is made by a molded plastic frame having longitudinal longitudinal members and annular ribs on which is fixed a filter cloth (partially shown by the reference 9 '), preferably by overmolding. The pre-filter 7 comprises a thin mesh fabric, for example Nylon® (registered trademark) so as to retain the large dust, while the filter 8 comprises, for example, a canvas or a very fine mesh material or a PET type material for retaining fine dust. The filter and pre-filter materials will preferably be chosen for their quality of separation of dust while allowing their washing.
Afin d'assurer la performance de filtration du filtre 8 et sa durabilité, l'invention prévoit d'équiper ce dispositif de filtration d'un moyen de décolmatage de la paroi latérale interne 18 du filtre 8 qui est agencé dans le jeu J. In order to ensure the filtering performance of the filter 8 and its durability, the invention provides for equipping this filtering device with a means for unclogging the filter. internal side wall 18 of the filter 8 which is arranged in the game J.
A titre d'exemple, non représenté, le moyen de décolmatage peut être réalisé sous la forme d'une brosse adaptée à coulisser manuellement dans l'espace J pour venir frotter la paroi latérale interne 18 du filtre 8 ; ladite brosse pouvant être manipulée depuis l'extérieur de la boîte-filtre par une tringle traversant l'un des couvercles .  By way of example, not shown, the unclogging means may be designed as a brush adapted to slide manually in the space J to rub the inner side wall 18 of the filter 8; said brush being operable from outside the filter box by a rod passing through one of the covers.
Ainsi le dispositif de filtration selon l'invention , non seulement fait office de cuve et renferme les poussières, mais aussi permet, sans enlèvement des filtres, d'extraire les fines poussières attachées à la paroi interne 18 du filtre. Le filtre 8, le pré-filtre 7 et le moyen de décolmatage forment un ensemble compact monté amovible dans le compartiment de réception 2. Comme on le comprendra, cet ensemble constitue une boîte à poussières manipulable en toute propreté car la paroi externe du filtre reste propre. Thus, the filtration device according to the invention not only acts as a vessel and encloses the dust, but also makes it possible, without removing the filters, to extract the fine dust attached to the inner wall 18 of the filter. The filter 8, the pre-filter 7 and the unclogging means form a compact assembly removably mounted in the receiving compartment 2. As will be understood, this assembly constitutes a dust box that can be handled in a clean manner because the external wall of the filter remains clean.
Préfèrentiellement et selon une réalisation conforme à l'invention, le moyen de décolmatage comporte un organe saillant 19 solidaire de la cage 9 du pré-filtre 7 et destiné à venir au contact de la paroi latérale interne 18 du filtre 8 ; ledit filtre et le dit pré-filtre pouvant être animés d'un mouvement relatif de rotation.Preferably and according to an embodiment according to the invention, the unclogging means comprises a projecting member 19 integral with the cage 9 of the pre-filter 7 and intended to come into contact with the inner side wall 18 of the filter 8; said filter and said pre-filter being able to be driven by a relative rotational movement.
Comme représenté sur la figure , l'organe 19, étant porté par l'armature de la cage 9 du pré-filtre 7, la cage 9 du pré-filtre est montée en rotation dans le filtre et présente à cet effet une portée 20 et une portée 21 qui reposent respectivement sur deux paliers 22 et 23 opposées longitudinalement et portées respectivement par les couvercles 14 et 15. Le palier 22 est présentement formé par des dents radiales espacées pratiquées sur le couvercle 14 et le palier 23 est formé par le bord d'un orifice 25 pratiqué dans le couvercle 15. As shown in the figure, the member 19 being carried by the armature of the cage 9 of the pre-filter 7, the cage 9 of the pre-filter is rotatably mounted in the filter and for this purpose has a bearing surface 20 and a bearing 21 which rest respectively on two bearings 22 and 23 opposed longitudinally and carried respectively by the covers 14 and 15. The bearing 22 is presently formed by spaced radial teeth made on the cover 14 and the bearing 23 is formed by the edge of an orifice 25 made in the cover 15.
La cage 9 du pré-filtre est entraînée en rotation par une poignée 24 solidaire de l'opercule 11 et saillante vers l'extérieur du pré-filtre et à travers l'orifice 25. Afin d'assurer une bonne étanchéité de la chambre secondaire formé par le jeu J tout en préservant 1 'étanchéité au niveau du palier 23, un joint annulaire 26 à lèvres radiales est placé dans un logement ménagé entre une cloison 27 annulaire portée par le couvercle 15 et une cloison 28 également annulaire portée par l'opercule 11. L 'étanchéité au niveau de l'opercule 10 et du couvercle 14 est obtenue par un joint 29 inséré dans une gorge pratiquée dans l'opercule 10 et qui vient en prise avec le bord externe d' une cloison circulaire 14' portée par le couvercle 14. The cage 9 of the pre-filter is rotated by a handle 24 integral with the cap 11 and protruding outwardly of the pre-filter and through the orifice 25. In order to ensure a good seal of the secondary chamber formed by the clearance J while preserving one seal at the level of the bearing 23, an annular gasket 26 with radial lips is placed in a housing formed between an annular partition 27 carried by the cover 15 and a partition 28 also annular carried by the 11. The seal at the lid 10 and the lid 14 is obtained by a seal 29 inserted in a groove made in the lid 10 and which engages with the outer edge of a circular wall 14 ' by the cover 14.
Présentement, la structure de la paroi filtrante du filtre 8 est du type plissé constitué par des plis disposés longitudinalement à l'axe X-X et formant ainsi des arêtes internes et externes longitudinales. L'organe 19 de la cage 9 est alors formé par au-moins un bossage, de préférence, par plusieurs bossages radiaux distribués longitudinalement et angulairement de manière à permettre un secouage énergique sur toute la longueur longitudinale du filtre. Pour obtenir un décolmatage énergique, lesdits bossages sont distribués par paire selon une même ligne longitudinale des longerons de l'armature de la cage 9, en étant espacés l'un de l'autre, de manière a faire vibrer sous le choc toute l'arête interne du pli concerné. Comme représenté, la distribution angulaire des bossages est effectuée selon deux lignes diamétralement opposées . Currently, the structure of the filtering wall of the filter 8 is of the pleated type constituted by folds arranged longitudinally to the axis XX and thus forming longitudinal internal and external edges. The member 19 of the cage 9 is then formed by at least one boss, preferably by a plurality of radial bosses distributed longitudinally and angularly so as to allow vigorous shaking over the entire longitudinal length of the filter. To obtain an energetic declogging, said bosses are distributed in pairs along the same longitudinal line of the longitudinal members of the frame of the cage 9, being spaced from each other, so as to vibrate under the impact of the whole body. internal edge of the fold concerned. As shown, the angular distribution of the bosses is carried out in two diametrically opposite lines.
Bien entendu, à la place du moyen de décolmatage décrit sur cette figure, on pourrait envisager une brosse ou racleur s 'étendant longitudinalement aux plis et qui viendrait au contact des arêtes des plis sous l'impulsion d'un mouvement de rotation engendré par exemple par une manivelle dont la poignée serait saillante du couvercle du pré-filtre.  Of course, instead of the declogging means described in this figure, it could be envisaged a brush or scraper extending longitudinally to the folds and which would come into contact with the edges of the folds under the impulse of a rotational movement generated for example by a crank whose handle would protrude from the cover of the pre-filter.
Afin d'optimiser le courant d'air entre le compartiment 2 et le dispositif de filtration 1, la cage 9 du pré¬ filtre 7 présente une forme tronconique dont la grande base est ouverte et porte l'opercule 10 et dont la petite base est fermée par l' opercule 11, et sa paroi latérale supporte la toile 9' apte à retenir des grosses poussières . To optimize the air flow between the compartment 2 and the filter device 1, the cage 9 pre ¬ filter 7 has a frustoconical shape whose large base is open and the cover door 10 and whose small base is closed by the lid 11, and its side wall supports the fabric 9 'able to retain large dust.
Quant au filtre 8, il présente également une forme tronconique dont la grande base est formée par le couvercle 14 et dont la petite base est formée par le couvercle 15, tandis la structure de la surface latérale est du type plissé avec les plis s 'étendant longitudinalement, et présente une texture apte à retenir les fines poussières.  As for the filter 8, it also has a frustoconical shape whose large base is formed by the cover 14 and whose small base is formed by the cover 15, while the structure of the lateral surface is of the pleated type with the folds extending longitudinally, and has a texture capable of retaining fine dust.
L'avantage principal de cette configuration est associé à la forme donnée à la paroi du compartiment 2 qui présentement est de forme cylindrique. Ainsi, la section de passage de l'air délimitée par la paroi du filtre 8 et la paroi du compartiment 2 croît de la grande base vers la petite base dans le sens du courant d'air ce qui garantit une vitesse d'écoulement d'air constante et assure donc un grand débit et la limitation des pertes de charge . The main advantage of this configuration is associated with the shape given to the wall of the compartment 2 which is presently of cylindrical shape. Thus, the air passage section delimited by the wall of the filter 8 and the wall of the compartment 2 increases from the large base towards the small base in the direction of the air flow which guarantees a flow velocity of constant air and thus ensures a large flow and the limitation of pressure losses.
Un tel dispositif de filtration est également remarquable en ce qu'il organise un courant d'air selon une trajectoire simplifiée d'abord longitudinal entre la tubulure 12 et le pré-filtre 7 dont le rôle est de tamiser les poussières entrantes pour retenir les plus grosses, puis transversal du pré-filtre vers le filtre 8 qui retient de par sa texture les plus fines poussières, et enfin longitudinal entre ce filtre 8 et la sortie 4 reliée au groupe d'aspiration de sorte que l'air suit un parcours sinueux favorisant le dépôt des poussières.  Such a filtration device is also remarkable in that it organizes a stream of air along a simplified path first longitudinally between the tubing 12 and the pre-filter 7 whose role is to sift the incoming dust to retain the most large, then transverse of the pre-filter to the filter 8 which retains by its texture the finest dust, and finally longitudinal between the filter 8 and the outlet 4 connected to the suction unit so that the air follows a winding course promoting the deposit of dust.
Les essais ont montré que le courant d'air, entraînant les poussières vers les parties amont des pré-filtre et filtre, est optimisé dans son écoulement grâce au volume annulaire, supérieur à celui des parties aval, ménagé entre le filtre et le compartiment et induit par la forme tronconique du filtre agencé dans le compartiment cylindrique . Tests have shown that the flow of air, causing dust to the upstream parts of the pre-filter and filter, is optimized in its flow due to the annular volume, greater than that of the downstream parts, formed between the filter and the compartment and induced by the frustoconical shape of the filter arranged in the cylindrical compartment.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, et comme représenté, l'opercule 10 présente la forme d'un capot sur lequel est montée la tubulure d'admission 12 et qui est montée mobile sur le couvercle 14 au moyen d'une articulation 30 et retenue, de façon étanche, sur le couvercle 14 par un crochet 31 élastique diamétralement opposé à l'articulation. According to another characteristic of the invention, and as shown, the cover 10 has the shape of a cover on which the intake manifold 12 is mounted and which is mounted to move on the cover 14 by means of a hinge 30 and held tightly on the cover 14 by an elastic hook 31 diametrically opposed to the joint.
Cette tubulure comporte un clapet anti-retour 32 de manière à retenir les poussières dans le pré-filtre.  This tubing comprises a non-return valve 32 so as to retain the dust in the pre-filter.
Afin d'améliorer la commodité de vidage et garantir une certaine hygiène, le pré-filtre 7 et l'opercule 10 équipée de la tubulure 12 comporte un moyen mutuel d'ouverture automatique. Ce moyen mutuel d'ouverture comporte des pattes 33 qui présentent chacune une pointe biseautée 34 et une embase implantée sur la grande base du pré-filtre, et l'opercule 10 en forme de capot présente une bordure interne 36 comportant des bossages 37 dont chaque sommet, tourné vers le pré-filtre, est de forme générale triangulaire. In order to improve the convenience of emptying and to guarantee a certain degree of hygiene, the pre-filter 7 and the cap 10 equipped with the tubing 12 comprise a mutual means of automatic opening. This mutual means of openness comprises tabs 33 which each have a beveled tip 34 and a base implanted on the large base of the pre-filter, and the cover-shaped cap 10 has an internal edge 36 having bosses 37, each vertex of which is turned towards the meadow -filter, is of triangular general shape.
Ainsi, l'on comprendra que la rotation du pré-filtre 7 entraîne les pattes 33 sur les bossages 37 montées fixes sur le capot, ce qui engendre des forces de poussée axiale et donc le pivotement de ce capot vers 1 ' extérieur .  Thus, it will be understood that the rotation of the pre-filter 7 drives the lugs 33 on the bosses 37 fixedly mounted on the hood, which generates axial thrust forces and thus the pivoting of the hood to the outside.
Pour bien comprendre les avantages liés à ce dispositif de filtration de type ensemble monobloc, on va décrire, en référence à la figure , l'opération de décolmatage du filtre 8 et consécutivement le vidage des deux chambres primaire et secondaire de cet ensemble.  To fully understand the advantages of this monoblock-type filtration device, will be described, with reference to the figure, the declogging operation of the filter 8 and consecutively emptying the two primary and secondary chambers of this set.
Nous supposerons que l'utilisateur a ouvert la trappe 2' du compartiment de réception de l'aspirateur donnant ainsi accès audit compartiment et a retiré la boîte , constituant le dispositif de filtration, de son berceau 5. Il saisit, d'une main, le filtre 8 et de l'autre main saisit la poignée 24. Puis, l'utilisateur se rend au- dessus d'une poubelle.  We will assume that the user has opened the hatch 2 'of the receiving compartment of the vacuum thus giving access to said compartment and removed the box, constituting the filtration device, from its cradle 5. It grasps, with one hand, the filter 8 and the other hand grasps the handle 24. Then, the user goes over a bin.
Au moyen de la poignée 24, il entraîne en rotation le pré- filtre 7 et donc les pattes 33 qui viennent s'appuyer sur les bossages 37 induisant des forces de poussées axiales qui, dans un premier temps, déverrouillent le crochet élastique 31, puis chassent vers l'extérieur le capot /opercule 10 qui pivote autour de son articulation 30. Simultanément, les bossages de l'organe 19 frappent les plis du filtre 8 les uns après les autres faisant tomber les fines poussières dans la chambre secondaire. Au cours de la rotation et du secouage du filtre, les vibrations engendrées par les bossages participent au décolmatage du pré-filtre. Puis, sous l'action de la gravité, la chambre secondaire et la chambre primaire se vident automatiquement de toutes les poussières, sans secouage et donc sans dégager de nuage poussiéreux. By means of the handle 24, it rotates the pre-filter 7 and thus the tabs 33 which abut the bosses 37 inducing axial thrust forces which, in a first step, unlock the elastic hook 31, then outwardly hunt the cover / cap 10 which pivots around its articulation 30. Simultaneously, the bosses of the member 19 hit the folds of the filter 8 one after the other causing the fine dust to fall into the secondary chamber. During the rotation and shaking of the filter, the vibrations generated by the bosses contribute to the unclogging of the pre-filter. Then, under the action of gravity, the secondary chamber and the primary chamber empty automatically from all dust, without shaking and thus without clearing a dusty cloud.
Dans le cas où l'utilisateur souhaite également laver le pré-filtre, il procédera à l'enlèvement de celui-ci par un mouvement axial à travers l'ouverture 16 du couvercle 14.  In the case where the user also wishes to wash the pre-filter, he will remove it by axial movement through the opening 16 of the lid 14.
Le dispositif de filtration décrit ci-dessus est particulièrement bien adapté à sa mise en œuvre dans un aspirateur dont le boîtier 2 présente une forme cylindrique et ménage un compartiment à poussières 2 qui entoure le filtre 8 en ménageant un espace de circulation d'air de section croissante de l'aval vers l'amont, tandis que le groupe d'aspiration 6 est agencé en amont du filtre 8 et pré-filtre 7 dans le courant d'air.  The filtration device described above is particularly well suited to its implementation in a vacuum cleaner whose housing 2 has a cylindrical shape and cleans a dust compartment 2 which surrounds the filter 8 by providing an air circulation space of increasing section from downstream to upstream, while the suction unit 6 is arranged upstream of the filter 8 and pre-filter 7 in the air stream.
Ledit groupe 6 comporte un carter 38 renfermant un ventilateur 40 du type centrifuge entraîné par un moteur 39 et présentant une buse d'aspiration 41 située en amont du dispositif de filtration et prolongée d'une volute 42 rattachée au compartiment 2, et un orifice de refoulement 43 agencé selon une direction transversale à celle de la buse d'aspiration et par laquelle l'air est rejeté à l'extérieur. Le moteur 39 est positionné dans le carter 38 avec l'un 44 de ses flasques situé en aval dans le courant d'air. Said group 6 comprises a casing 38 enclosing a fan 40 of the centrifugal type driven by a motor 39 and having a suction nozzle 41 located upstream of the filtration device and extended by a volute 42 attached to the compartment 2, and an orifice of delivery 43 arranged in a direction transverse to that of the suction nozzle and through which the air is rejected outside. The motor 39 is positioned in the housing 38 with one of its flanges 44 located downstream in the air stream.
La disposition du dispositif de filtration monobloc placé juste avant la buse d'aspiration 41, permet d'obtenir un courant d'air longitudinal et tourbillonnaire tout autour du moteur et du filtre favorisant le haut débit d'aspiration et évitant les pertes de charges entre ce filtre et le ventilateur. The arrangement of the monoblock filtration device placed just before the suction nozzle 41, makes it possible to obtain a longitudinal and swirling air stream all around the motor and the filter favoring the high suction flow rate and avoiding the pressure losses between this filter and the fan.
Grâce à cette construction, on peut utiliser un moteur de faible puissance de l'ordre de 80W et donc de faible consommation électrique et d'un coût très intéressant par rapport à un moteur classique ( 1500 W) utilisé dans les aspirateurs connus. Un tel aspirateur conçu avec le dispositif de filtration selon l'invention est particulièrement remarquable par sa commodité et sa propreté d'usage ainsi que par sa compacité et sa simplicité de fabrication , même en grande série, ainsi que par son prix de revient comparé à celui de l'art antérieur qui faisait appel à différentes pièces que l'on devait assembler avec précision pour garantir une bonne filtration. With this construction, one can use a low power motor of the order of 80W and therefore low power consumption and a very attractive cost compared to a conventional motor (1500 W) used in known vacuum cleaners. Such a vacuum cleaner designed with the filtration device according to the invention is particularly remarkable for its convenience and cleanliness of use as well as its compactness and simplicity of manufacture, even in large series, as well as its cost price compared to that of the prior art which used different parts that we had to assemble accurately to ensure good filtration.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de filtration des poussières destiné à être monté dans un compartiment de réception (2) qui est agencé notamment dans un aspirateur et qui comporte une entrée (3) d'air sale et une sortie (4) d'air filtré, ledit dispositif comprenant deux étages de filtration formé par un pré-filtre (7) et un filtre (8) disposés dans le courant d'air entretenu entre l'entrée et la sortie d'air par un groupe d'aspiration (6) ; le pré¬ filtre (7) présentant une cage tubulaire (9), à axe longitudinal X-X, à paroi latérale filtrante qui est fermée en ses extrémités respectivement par deux opercules ( 10 , 11 ) constituant une chambre primaire et dont l'un(10)des opercules est associé à une tubulure ( 12 ) d ' admission d'air adaptée à venir s'accoupler avec l'entrée (3) d'air sale, et le filtre(8), présentant une structure tubulaire ( 13 ) à paroi latérale filtrante, est monté emboîtable autour du pré-filtre avec un jeu J ménageant ainsi une chambre annulaire secondaire qui est fermée par deux couvercles ( 14 , 15 ) solidaires des extrémités de la structure et dont l'un (14)présente une ouverture ( 16 ) de passage pour la tubulure du pré-filtre, caractérisé en ce que l'opercule (10) présente la forme d'un capot sur lequel est montée la tubulure d'admission (12), et est monté mobile sur le couvercle (14) au moyen d'une articulation (30) et retenu, de façon étanche, sur le couvercle (14) par un crochet (31) diamétralement opposé à l'articulation, et en ce que l'ensemble pré- filtre(7) et filtre(8) constitue une boîte à poussières. 1. Dust filtering device intended to be mounted in a receiving compartment (2) which is arranged in particular in a vacuum cleaner and which comprises an inlet (3) of dirty air and an outlet (4) of filtered air, said device comprising two filtration stages formed by a pre-filter (7) and a filter (8) arranged in the stream of air maintained between the inlet and the air outlet by a suction unit (6); pre ¬ filter (7) having a tubular cage (9) with a longitudinal axis XX, to screen casing which is closed at its ends respectively by two lids (10, 11) constituting a primary chamber and one of which (10 ) of the covers is associated with an air inlet pipe (12) adapted to mate with the dirty air inlet (3), and the filter (8) having a tubular structure (13) to filtering side wall, is mounted nestable around the pre-filter with a clearance J thereby providing a secondary annular chamber which is closed by two covers (14, 15) integral with the ends of the structure and one of which (14) has an opening (16) passage for the tubing of the pre-filter, characterized in that the cap (10) has the shape of a cover on which is mounted the intake manifold (12), and is mounted movably on the lid (14) by means of a hinge (30) and sealingly retained on the cover (14) by a hook (31) diametrically opposite the articulation, and in that the pre-filter assembly (7) and filter (8) constitutes a dust box.
2. Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le pré-filtre ( 7 ) est monté de façon amovible dans le filtre (8) au travers de l'ouverture (16), un moyen d ' étanchéité étant agencé entre cette ouverture et la cage (9) . Filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-filter (7) is removably mounted in the filter (8) through the opening (16), a sealing means being arranged between this opening and the cage (9).
3. Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu ' un moyen de décolmatage de la paroi latérale interne du filtre (8) est agencé dans le jeu J. 3. Filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a declogging means of the inner side wall of the filter (8) is arranged in the game J.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de décolmatage comporte un organe ( 19 ) solidaire de la cage (9) du pré-filtre ( 7 ) et destiné à venir au contact de la paroi latérale interne (18) du filtre (8) ; ledit filtre et le dit pré¬ filtre pouvant être animés d'un mouvement relatif de rotation . 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the unclogging means comprises a member (19) integral with the cage (9) of the pre-filter (7) and intended to come into contact with the inner side wall (18). filter (8); said filter and said pre ¬ filter can be driven by a relative rotational movement.
5. Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'organe (19) étant porté par la cage (9) du pré-filtre (7) et destiné à venir au contact de la paroi interne (18) du filtre (8), la cage (9) du pré-filtre est montée en rotation dans le filtre et, à cet effet, présente une portée (20) et une portée (21) qui reposent respectivement sur deux paliers (22 et 23) opposés longitudinalement et portés respectivement par les couvercles (14) et ( 15) . 5. Filtration device according to claim 4, characterized in that the member (19) being carried by the cage (9) of the pre-filter (7) and intended to come into contact with the inner wall (18) of the filter (8), the cage (9) of the pre-filter is rotatably mounted in the filter and, for this purpose, has a bearing surface (20) and a bearing surface (21) which rest respectively on two opposite bearings (22 and 23). longitudinally and carried respectively by the covers (14) and (15).
6. Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux paliers (22) et (23) sont formés par des dents radiales pratiquées respectivement sur les couvercles (14) et (15), et la cage (9) du pré¬ filtre (7) est entraînée en rotation par une poignée (24) solidaire de l'opercule (11) et saillante vers l'extérieur du pré-filtre et à travers un orifice (25) pratiquée dans le couvercle (15) . 6. Filtration device according to claim 5, characterized in that the two bearings (22) and (23) are formed by radial teeth respectively performed on the covers (14) and (15), and the cage (9) of the pre ¬ filter (7) is rotated by a handle (24) secured to the cover (11) and projecting outward of the meadow -filter and through an orifice (25) formed in the cover (15).
7. Dispositif de filtration selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le filtre (8) comporte une surface latérale plissée avec les plis s 'étendant longitudinalement et apte à retenir les fines poussières, et l'organe (19) est réalisé par au-moins un bossage saillant . 7. Filtering device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the filter (8) has a folded side surface with the folds extending longitudinally and adapted to retain the fine dust, and the body (19). ) is made by at least one protruding boss.
8. Dispositif de filtration selon les revendications 3 à 7 , caractérisé en ce que le filtre (8), le pré-filtre ( 7 ) et le moyen de décolmatage forment un ensemble compact monté amovible dans le compartiment de réception (2) sur un berceau (5) formé de plusieurs consoles. 8. Filtration device according to claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the filter (8), the pre-filter (7) and the unclogging means form a compact assembly removably mounted in the receiving compartment (2) on a cradle (5) formed of several consoles.
9. Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le filtre (8) présente une forme tronconique dont la grande base est formée par le couvercle ( 14 ) et dont la petite base est formée par le couvercle ( 15 ) , tandis que le compartiment de réception (2) présente une forme cylindrique ; la section de passage de l'air délimitée par la paroi du filtre (8) et la paroi du compartiment (2) croît de la grande base vers la petite base dans le sens du courant d'air garantissant une vitesse d'écoulement d'air constante. 9. A filtering device according to claim any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter (8) has a frustoconical shape whose large base is formed by the cover (14) and whose small base is formed by the cover (15), while the receiving compartment (2) has a cylindrical shape; the air passage section delimited by the wall of the filter (8) and the wall of the compartment (2) increases from the large base towards the small base in the direction of the air flow guaranteeing a flow velocity of constant air.
10. Dispositif de filtration selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, la cage (9) du pré-filtre (7) présente également une forme tronconique dont la grande base porte l'opercule (10) et dont la petite base est fermée par l'opercule ( 11), et sa paroi latérale supporte une toile (9 ') apte à retenir des grosses poussières. 10. Filtration device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cage (9) of the pre-filter (7) also has a frustoconical shape whose large base carries the lid (10) and whose small base is closed by the cover (11), and its side wall supports a fabric (9 ') adapted to retain large dust.
11. Dispositif de filtration selon la revendication 10 , caractérisé en ce que le pré-filtre (7)et 1 ' opercule ( 10 ) équipé de la tubulure (12) comportent un moyen mutuel d'ouverture automatique qui comporte sur la grande base du pré-filtre des pattes (33) qui présentent chacune une pointe biseautée (34), et l'opercule (lO)présente une forme de capot dont la bordure interne (36) présente des bossages (37) ayant chacun un sommet tourné vers le pré¬ filtre de forme générale triangulaire. 11. Filtration device according to claim 10, characterized in that the pre-filter (7) and 1 'operculum (10) equipped with the tubing (12) comprise a mutual means of automatic opening which comprises on the large base of pre-filter tabs (33) which each have a beveled tip (34), and the cover (10) has a bonnet-shaped whose inner edge (36) has bosses (37) each having an apex facing the pre ¬ filter of general triangular shape.
12. Dispositif de filtration selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est destiné à équiper un aspirateur dont le compartiment ( 2 ) entoure le filtre (8) en ménageant un espace de circulation d'air, tandis que le groupe d'aspiration (6) est agencé coaxialement au filtre (8) et au pré-filtre ( 7 ) et situé en amont dans le courant d'air. 12. Filtration device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is intended to equip a vacuum cleaner whose compartment (2) surrounds the filter (8) by providing an air circulation space, while the suction unit (6) is arranged coaxially with the filter (8) and the pre-filter (7) and located upstream in the air stream.
13. Aspirateur de poussières comprenant un boîtier de forme générale tubulaire renfermant un groupe d'aspiration et ménageant un compartiment à poussières ( 2 ) qui contient un dispositif de filtration selon l'une quelconques des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le groupe d'aspiration comporte un carter (38) renfermant un ventilateur (40) du type centrifuge entraîné par un moteur (39) et présentant une buse d'aspiration (41) qui est située en amont du dispositif de filtration et en regard de l'opercule (11), et qui est prolongée d'une volute (42) rattachée au compartiment (2), et un orifice de refoulement (43) agencé selon une direction transversale à celle de la buse d'aspiration et par laquelle l'air est rejeté à l'extérieur ; ledit moteur (39) étant positionné dans la volute (42) avec l'un (44) de ses flasques situé en aval dans le courant d ' air . 13. A dust vacuum cleaner comprising a generally tubular housing enclosing a suction unit and providing a dust compartment (2) which contains a filter device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the group device comprises a casing (38) enclosing a centrifugal fan (40) driven by a motor (39) and having a suction nozzle (41) which is located upstream of the device filter and facing the lid (11), and which is extended by a volute (42) attached to the compartment (2), and a discharge port (43) arranged in a direction transverse to that of the nozzle d suction and through which the air is discharged to the outside; said motor (39) being positioned in the volute (42) with one (44) of its flanges located downstream in the air stream.
EP10778701A 2009-10-08 2010-10-06 Device for filtering dust Withdrawn EP2485825A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0904825A FR2951087B1 (en) 2009-10-08 2009-10-08 DEVICE FOR FILTRATION OF DUST
PCT/FR2010/052106 WO2011042661A1 (en) 2009-10-08 2010-10-06 Device for filtering dust

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IL221877A (en) 2012-09-11 2017-06-29 Mageny Yohanan Pool cleaning robot
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GB2577884A (en) * 2018-10-08 2020-04-15 Black & Decker Inc A vacuum cleaner
CN113576318A (en) * 2020-04-30 2021-11-02 添可智能科技有限公司 Filter device, cleaning apparatus and cleaning method

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FR2951087B1 (en) 2013-07-19
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