EP2480379B1 - Gripping tool - Google Patents

Gripping tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2480379B1
EP2480379B1 EP10773648.0A EP10773648A EP2480379B1 EP 2480379 B1 EP2480379 B1 EP 2480379B1 EP 10773648 A EP10773648 A EP 10773648A EP 2480379 B1 EP2480379 B1 EP 2480379B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cage
gripping tool
bell
axis
rotating roller
Prior art date
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Application number
EP10773648.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2480379A1 (en
Inventor
Fabrice Petit
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Gillet Group S A
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Gillet Group S A
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2480379A1 publication Critical patent/EP2480379A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/48—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes
    • B25B13/50—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes
    • B25B13/5008—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects
    • B25B13/5016—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe
    • B25B13/5066—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe using rollers moving along radial cams in a cage structure at least partially surrounding the pipe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/02—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts
    • B25B23/08—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts for holding or positioning screw or nut prior to or during its rotation
    • B25B23/10—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts for holding or positioning screw or nut prior to or during its rotation using mechanical gripping means
    • B25B23/103—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts for holding or positioning screw or nut prior to or during its rotation using mechanical gripping means for gripping threaded studs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gripping tool for mechanical parts, including a ball screw, this gripping tool being intended for gripping mechanical parts, such as for example tulips spherical, and facilitate their coupling and uncoupling with other mechanical elements .
  • a gripping tool as described in the preamble of claim 1 is known from the prior art, for example by the document US 2613942 .
  • Some mechanical parts of cylindrical or spherical shapes are particularly difficult to handle with precision and force, especially when it comes to couple and decouple other mechanical elements.
  • a dowel extractor comprises a cylindrical hollow body provided for example on its outer surface with hexagon allowing the engagement of a wrench.
  • the dowel extractor further comprises a hollow cylindrical sleeve housed in the hollow body.
  • This sleeve is provided in its wall with three slots having a V-shaped profile so that the widest part of each groove is oriented towards the outer surface of the sleeve and the less flared portion of each groove is oriented towards the axis of the sleeve.
  • Each groove receives a ball, thus housed between the sleeve and the hollow body.
  • the inner surface of the hollow body defines six slopes against which the balls roll. The distance between the balls and the axis of the sleeve therefore varies according to the position of the balls along the slopes.
  • Each dowel extractor is dedicated to specific dies diameters imposed by the dimensions of the sleeve, the hollow body, the balls and the shape of the slopes.
  • gougeons extractors are often sold in a box to provide a range of compatible diameters. These boxes are of course more expensive than a puller gougeons simple and much less easy to use. In addition, during use there is a risk of losing one or other of the dart pullers. It is also difficult to anticipate the diameters of future gougeons that we will have to disassemble and therefore choose the right box. There is therefore a need for a gougeon extractor compatible with various gougeon diameters over a wide range of values.
  • a ball joint is an articulation made of a first piece of spherical shape, called a ball joint, and a second piece, called a tulip.
  • the tulip has a cylindrical outer shape and a spherical inner shape receiving the ball that can rotate and be oriented in all directions relative to the tulip.
  • the patella is usually coupled to a swivel rod and the tulip to a steering bar. In practice, at least one of the rotational directions of the ball joint is limited by the presence of the ball rod and the steering bar. The ball joint, however, allows to achieve significant angulation angles between the ball rod and the steering bar.
  • the joints of the ball-and-socket type are mechanical elements that are commonly used, particularly in industry automobile, and in particular to equip the management of motor vehicles.
  • the hinged joints make it possible to pivot the wheels of the vehicle while allowing their rotation and thus the mobility of the vehicle.
  • Manufacturers propose standardized joints patellae, the ball joint being already nested in the tulip in which it is locked in translation.
  • To couple the ball joint to other mechanical elements it is necessary to firmly hold the ball joint to, for example, screw the steering bar on a transmission bar. This operation is made difficult by the great rotational mobility existing between the ball and the tulip and the cylindrical shape of the tulip. A similar difficulty arises to decouple the ball joint, for example from the transmission bar.
  • the ball joint 100 traditional comprises a tube 101 for receiving the ball rod 102 and allowing remote access to the ball joint type.
  • the ball joints are generally placed under the calender of the vehicle where, due to the presence of other mechanical members, there is little room for access to the ball joints.
  • a first end of the tube 101 is provided with six sockets 103 allowing the engagement of a clamping wrench (not shown), for example a ratchet.
  • a second end of the tube 101 is provided with a bell 104 intended to receive, in the extension of the ball rod 102, the tulip 103 containing the ball (the ball is not differentiated from the tulip 103 on the Figures 1 to 3 ).
  • the ball joint 100 also has a flange 105 housed in the bell 104 and intended to receive the ball joint.
  • the flange 105 is provided in two parts interconnected by three spacers 106 distributed at regular intervals on the periphery of the flange 105.
  • the bell 104 is provided with a thrust washer 107 and an elastic ring 108 coupled to a washer support 109 preventing lateral displacement of the flange 105 relative to the tulip 104.
  • Each portion of the flange 105 has three radial grooves 110 facing each other in pairs and in which are inserted rotary rollers 111.
  • Each rotary roller 111 is thus movable in rotation about its own axis and movable in radial translation along the radial groove 110 relative to the flange 105.
  • the race of the rotary rollers 111 is limited, inwardly, by a continuous circular portion of the flange 105 which gives the flask 105 its mechanical strength and, outwardly, by the inner face of the tulip 104 against which the rotating rollers 111 roll.
  • the inner surface of the tulip 104 defines six slopes 112 against which the rotating rollers 111 roll.
  • the six slopes 112 form three lobes defined by their points and their hollows.
  • the distance between the rotary rollers 111 and the axis of the ball joint 100 thus varies according to the position of the rotary rollers 111 along the slopes 112.
  • the rotary rollers 111 are also biased towards the axis of the ball joint 100 by elastic rings 112 including, on either side of the flange 105, the three axes of the rotary rollers 111.
  • the known ball joint 100 can receive ball joints of different diameters. Nevertheless, the maximum diameter that can be grasped by the ball joint is defined by the internal dimensions of the flange 105 which receives the ball joint, itself limited in size by the tulip 104 in which it is housed. It is common that the range of compatible diameters is thus between 35 and 40.5 mm.
  • the design of the current ball joint does not allow to accept larger diameters which poses a problem for the assembly and disassembly of these hinges joints of larger diameters.
  • One solution is to increase the outer and inner dimensions of the tulip 104 so that it can receive a flange 105 of larger dimensions.
  • This solution is expensive since it requires the manufacture of a new tulip different and therefore additional manufacturing tools compared to those already used for the standard tulip. Due to its superior dimensions, the new tulip requires more raw material to be made. Finally, the upper outer dimensions of this tulip are incompatible with the very limited free space in the immediate environment of the ball joints to be dismantled. This solution is therefore unsatisfactory and there remains the need for a ball joint dismount compatible with Ball joint diameters varied over a wide range of values.
  • the known ball joints have a large number of parts, making their costly manufacture and difficult assembly. Furthermore, during their normal use, they are subjected to significant mechanical stress, and their robustness is not always satisfactory, including the rigidity of the angular positioning of the flanges between each other.
  • this gripping tool for gripping in particular cylindrical and spherical surfaces of different diameters that this gripping tool is a puller dowels, a ball joint, a disassembly axis or any other gripping tool similar.
  • the present invention aims at remedying the drawbacks previously described by providing a gripping tool of limited external dimensions, substantially similar to those of the current corresponding tools, adapted to receive mechanical parts of various dimensions to handle it with force, this gripping tool being robust, easy to manufacture and of moderate cost.
  • the minimum diameter of the mechanical part that can be held by the gripping tool is not limited by the dimensions of the cage.
  • the gripping tool can also accommodate significant variations in the diameters of the mechanical parts it receives.
  • the guide means are arranged to allow the inclination of the retractable rotary roller relative to the axis of the bell.
  • This particular construction allows the gripping tool to adapt to non-perfectly cylindrical geometries of mechanical parts, for example conical parts or having a curved profile.
  • the inclination of the retractable rotary roller makes it possible to better withstand certain mechanical stresses and thus gives greater strength to the gripping tool.
  • this inclination facilitates the insertion of mechanical parts in the ball joint.
  • the guide means advantageously comprise at least one pivot axis provided on the cage, and at least one pivoting arm connecting the pivot axis to the roller retractable rotary.
  • the gripping tool may also comprise two pivoting arms each connecting the pivot axis to the retractable rotary roller, the pivoting arms being angularly movable relative to each other with respect to the pivot axis.
  • the cage is preferably provided with at least one stop arranged to limit the pivoting of the pivoting arm towards the axis of the cage.
  • the cage comprises two flanges interconnected by at least one rod, of axis substantially parallel to that of the cage, and defining at least partly the pivot axis.
  • the gripping tool advantageously comprises elastic means provided between the retractable rotary roller and the cage and arranged to bias the displacement of the axis of the retractable rotary roller towards the axis of the cage.
  • the elastic means comprise for example at least one torsion spring comprising turns, at least a portion of the turns of which is carried by the pivot axis, the torsion spring being provided with a first and a second limbs extending on either side of the turns, one of the first and second branches defining the pivoting arm, the other being in abutment against the cage.
  • the torsion spring may comprise two portions of turns separated by an intermediate branch defining the second branch, the torsion spring having two first branches disposed on either side of the two portions of turns.
  • the cage comprises three side windows separated two by two by angles substantially equal, three retractable rotating rollers, each provided in front of one of the side windows.
  • the gripping tool thus ensures isostatic gripping which distributes the forces undergone in a homogeneous manner and thus reinforces the robustness of the gripping tool.
  • the cage is preferably formed of a single piece making the gripping tool more robust and less sensitive to torsional stresses.
  • the relative position of the flanges relative to each other is stable over time.
  • the bell may be coupled to a tube, forming at least partly the gripping means, and intended to receive a portion of the mechanical part. This tube facilitates the handling of the gripping tool.
  • the retractable rotary roller is advantageously composed of several rollers whose axes may be inclined relative to each other or tilted so as to better cooperate with mechanical parts having a curved profile or having two slopes in contra. This differentiated inclination of the rollers also makes it possible to better follow the profile of the mechanical part and thus to make its insertion easier.
  • the invention relates more generally to a gripping tool adapted to receive mechanical parts of various dimensions, these parts may have an outer cylindrical shape, square, hexagonal, oval, and a rectilinear profile or not, for example bulging. It may for example be a puller gougeons, a disassembly axis or any other similar tool.
  • the gripping tool according to the invention is described with reference to a ball joint dismount illustrated by the Figures 4 to 8 .
  • the ball joint 4 is shown schematically in these figures by a single hatched block.
  • the ball joint 4 comprises a tulip 40 containing the ball 41 coupled to a ball rod 42.
  • the tulip 40 itself can be coupled to a steering bar 43.
  • the ball joint 1 comprises a handle 2 coupled to a bell 3 receiving a cage 5.
  • the handle 2 comprises an axially extending tube 20 and whose first end is provided with a bead 21 for locking the bell 3 when it is fitted on the tube 20.
  • the second end of the tube 20 is coupled to a sleeve 22 housed in the tube 20 and provided at its end free of hex 23 for the engagement of a wrench (not shown), for example a ratchet.
  • the tube 20 can receive the ball rod 42 of a ball joint 4 which is to be grasped by means of the ball joint 1.
  • the handle 2 makes it possible to manipulate the bell 3 at a distance and facilitates the gripping of the ball. kneecaps not very accessible.
  • the bell 3 is disposed in the extension of the handle 2 on which it is fitted until it abuts against the bead 21.
  • the bell 3 can be force-fitted on the handle 2 and / or glued, welded or fixed by any other suitable means.
  • the bell 3 comprises coaxial bores of different diameters, including in particular a main bore 30, shown in FIG. figure 7 , and intended to receive the cage 5.
  • This main bore 30 comprises, on either side of a cylindrical section, six slopes 31, curved, forming a three-lobe shape provided with three points and three recesses. The function of the slopes 31 is detailed below.
  • the cage 5 is mounted coaxially with respect to the bell 3 in which it is housed, movable in rotation.
  • the cage 5 defines a housing 50 intended to receive the tulip 40 of the ball joint 4.
  • the cage 5 comprises two flanges 51, 52 interconnected by a circular wall 53 traversed by side windows 54 of substantially similar shapes and dimensions and distributed at regular intervals on the circular wall 53.
  • the flange 51 is provided with a return 57 which limits the axial insertion of the joint 4 ball in the ball joint 1 by preventing the passage of the tulip 40 in the hole defined by the return 57.
  • the flanges 51, 52 are also interconnected by three rods 55, axes parallel to that of the cage 5, and each disposed facing one of the windows 54.
  • Each of these rods 55 serves as a pivot axis to a retractable rotary roller 7 provided opposite a window 54.
  • the retractable rotary rollers 7 are individually connected to a rod 55 by the first branches 80 of a torsion spring 8 also comprising two portions of connected turns between them by an intermediate branch 81 (or second branch) offset radially with respect to the portions of turns.
  • the portions of turns are carried by the rod 55 and the intermediate branch 81 bears against the circular wall 53.
  • the first branches 80 of each torsion spring 8 thus form pivoting arms enabling the retractable rotary rollers 7 to pivot around the rods 55, through the side windows 55.
  • the retractable rotary rollers 7 are cylindrical and comprise a running surface surrounded by tips of smaller diameter, each of these lower diameters being housed in one of the loops formed at the free ends of the first branches 80.
  • each retractable rotary roller 7 is urged , by the torsion spring 8 bearing by the intermediate branch 81 on the cage 5, towards the axis of the cage 5 and the bell 3.
  • each retractable rotary roller 7 is rotatable about its own axis, locked in the loops of the torsion spring 8.
  • the torsion spring 8 allows the individual and dissociated mobilization of each of the first branches 80.
  • the rollers retractable rotary 7 may be inclined relative to the axis of the cage 5 and therefore relative to the axis la bell 3. This inclination allows the ball joint 1 to be able to grip mechanical parts of shapes other than cylindrical, for example mechanical parts conical, spherical or having an irregular circumference. In addition, this inclination facilitates the introduction of mechanical parts into the ball joint 1.
  • the cage 5 In front of each lateral window 54, the cage 5 is provided with two stops 56 provided opposite one another on each flange 51, 52. One of these stops 56 is shown in FIG. 8. These stops 56 limit the pivoting inward of the first branches 80 and thus the radial displacement towards the inside of the retractable rotary rollers 7.
  • the retractable rotating rollers 7 can circulate radially through the side windows 54.
  • the radial displacement towards the inside of the retractable rotary rollers 7 is limited by the stops 56 which receive the support of the first branches 80
  • the retractable rotary rollers 7 do not exceed a predetermined minimum limit position limiting the effort required to provide insertion of the ball joint 4.
  • the minimum gripping diameter corresponding to the minimum diameter of the mechanical part that can be held by the ball joint 1, is determined by the position of the retractable rotary rollers 7 when they are closest to the axis of the cage 5. When the cage 5 is provided with stop 56, this position is determined by the stops 56.
  • the maximum gripping diameter corresponding to the maximum diameter of the mechanical part that can be held by the ball joint, is defined by the position of the rotary rollers retractable 7 when they are in the tips of the lobes formed by the slopes 31.
  • the range of diameters of mechanical parts that can be grasped by the ball joint 1 according to the invention is therefore wider than that of known ball joints. With comparable external dimensions, for example, a range of between 35 and 40 mm is limited to a range extending from at least 35 to 45 mm.
  • the cage 5 is locked in axial translation in the bell 3 on the one hand by the support of its flange 51 against a boss formed by the end of the main bore 30, on the other hand via a elastic ring 6 housed in a circular groove 33 provided at the entrance of the bell 3.
  • the flanges 51, 52 and the circular wall 53 may be formed in one piece, for example a molded part.
  • each rod is replaced by two studs provided facing each other respectively on each of the flanges.
  • the turns portions of the torsion spring are fitted on each of the studs so that these coil portions cooperate with the studs to define the pivot axis of the roller.
  • each retractable rotary roller is coupled to the rod by two rigid lateral pivoting arms.
  • Each of these pivoting arms is biased by elastic return means tending to move each pivoting arm, radially inwardly, and thus the corresponding retractable rotary roller in the same way.
  • Each pivoting arm can thus be biased by means of a torsion spring similar to those described above.
  • the return means may also comprise two elastic rings provided around the cage, placed on either side of the rotary rollers retractable on their small diameters, so as to jointly solicit the radial displacement inwards of the retractable rotary rollers.
  • the return means may finally comprise leaf springs.
  • each retractable rotary roller is composed of several aligned rollers.
  • these rollers can be articulated with respect to each other.
  • the rollers may for example be carried by a flexible shaft biased on both sides of the two rollers by two resilient pivoting arms. It is possible to provide a third pivoting arm between the rollers.
  • the flexible shaft may also be coupled to rigid pivoting arms biased by elastic return means.
  • the rollers can each be carried by an independent shaft, each shaft being individually coupled to pivoting arms.
  • each retractable rotary roller can be solicited by a single pivoting arm whose end connecting the single shaft is arranged between the rollers constituting the retractable rotary roller.
  • the ball joint 1 is held by means of the handle 2 in order to approach the bell 3 of the ball joint 4 to be gripped, and to insert this ball joint 4 into the ball joint 1.
  • the insertion is limited by the tulip 40 which abuts against the return of the flange 51 of the cage 5.
  • the ball rod 42 is received in the tube 20, the tulip 40 is received in the bell 3 and in particular in the cage 5 between the retractable rotary rollers 7.
  • the inclined surface of the tulip 40 comes into contact with the retractable rotary rollers 7, radially inwardly biased by the torsion springs 8, themselves pivoting around the rods 55.
  • the elasticity of the first branches 80 allows the retractable rotary rollers 7 of tilting with respect to the axis of the bell 3 and thus follow, to a certain extent, the profile of the tulip 40 during its insertion. Once the tulip 40 has been inserted in the bell 3, the retractable rotary rollers 7 bear against the outer surface of the tulip 40, radially biased inwards by the torsion springs 8.
  • the handle 2 of the ball joint 1 is then turned manually anti-clockwise about its axis, causing the angular displacement of the bell 3 and its slopes 31 and thus the rolling of the retractable rotary rollers 7 on the outer surface of the mechanical part. This rolling is continued until the retractable rotating rollers 7 are stuck, towards the hollow lobes formed by the slopes 31, between the slopes 31 and the mechanical part to be gripped.
  • the slopes 31 and the diameters of the retractable rotary rollers 7 are chosen to cause effective jamming of the retractable rotary rollers 7 on the mechanical part.
  • the mechanical part is therefore firmly held by the ball joint 1. It can thus be easily handled, for example to unscrew the steering bar 42 of the ball joint 4 of a transmission bar (not shown).
  • the gripping tool 1 allows, while having limited external dimensions, to receive mechanical parts of variable dimensions, over an extended range of values, greater than that allowed by the disassembly. ball joints and other known gripping tools.
  • the gripping tool 1 thus provides access to mechanical parts in congested environments.
  • the gripping tool 1 has a limited number of parts which reinforces its reliability and its lifetime.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un outil de préhension pour pièces mécaniques, notamment un démonte rotule, cet outil de préhension étant destiné à la préhension de pièces mécaniques, telles que par exemple_des tulipes de rotules, et faciliter leur couplage et découplage avec d'autres éléments mécaniques. Un outil de préhension tel que décrit dans le préambule de la revendication 1 est connu de l'art antérieur, par exemple par le document US 2613942 .The present invention relates to a gripping tool for mechanical parts, including a ball screw, this gripping tool being intended for gripping mechanical parts, such as for example tulips spherical, and facilitate their coupling and uncoupling with other mechanical elements . A gripping tool as described in the preamble of claim 1 is known from the prior art, for example by the document US 2613942 .

Certaines pièces mécaniques de formes cylindriques ou sphériques sont particulièrement difficiles à manipuler avec précision et force, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit de les coupler et découpler à d'autres éléments mécaniques.Some mechanical parts of cylindrical or spherical shapes are particularly difficult to handle with precision and force, especially when it comes to couple and decouple other mechanical elements.

C'est par exemple le cas des gougeons, organes mécaniques en forme de tige présentant une partie filetée et une partie lisse, dont certaines utilisations nécessitent la préhension par la partie lisse. De par la cylindricité de la partie lisse, il est difficile de maintenir le gougeon avec force sans toutefois endommager sa surface lisse. On trouve dans le commerce des outils spécifiques appelés extracteurs de gougeons qui permettent d'enserrer fortement la partie lisse et cylindrique du gougeon tout en la préservant. Un extracteur de gougeons comporte un corps creux cylindrique pourvu par exemple sur sa surface extérieure de six pans permettant l'engagement d'une clé de serrage. L'extracteur de gougeons comporte, en outre, un manchon cylindrique creux logé dans le corps creux. Ce manchon est pourvu, dans sa paroi, de trois fentes ayant un profil en V de sorte que la partie la plus évasée de chaque rainure est orientée vers la surface extérieure du manchon et la partie la moins évasée de chaque rainure est orientée vers l'axe du manchon. Chaque rainure reçoit une bille, ainsi logée entre le manchon et le corps creux. La surface intérieure du corps creux définit six pentes contre lesquelles les billes roulent. L'entraxe entre les billes et l'axe du manchon varie donc en fonction de la position des billes le long des pentes. Chaque extracteur de gougeons est dédié à des diamètres spécifiques de gougeons imposés par les dimensions du manchon, du corps creux, des billes et de la forme des pentes. Aussi, les extracteurs de gougeons sont souvent vendus en coffret permettant d'offrir une plage de diamètres compatibles. Ces coffrets sont bien entendu plus onéreux qu'un extracteur de gougeons simple et bien moins faciles d'usage. De plus, lors de l'utilisation il y a risque de perdre l'un ou l'autre des extracteurs de gougeons. Il est de plus difficile d'anticiper les diamètres des futurs gougeons que l'on aura à démonter et donc de choisir le bon coffret. Il existe donc le besoin d'un extracteur de gougeons compatible avec des diamètres de gougeons variés sur une large plage de valeurs.This is for example the case of gougeons, rod-shaped mechanical members having a threaded portion and a smooth portion, some uses require gripping by the smooth portion. Due to the cylindricity of the smooth part, it is difficult to maintain the gudgeon forcefully without damaging its smooth surface. There are commercially available specific tools called gougeons extractors that can strongly grip the smooth and cylindrical portion of the gudgeon while preserving it. A dowel extractor comprises a cylindrical hollow body provided for example on its outer surface with hexagon allowing the engagement of a wrench. The dowel extractor further comprises a hollow cylindrical sleeve housed in the hollow body. This sleeve is provided in its wall with three slots having a V-shaped profile so that the widest part of each groove is oriented towards the outer surface of the sleeve and the less flared portion of each groove is oriented towards the axis of the sleeve. Each groove receives a ball, thus housed between the sleeve and the hollow body. The inner surface of the hollow body defines six slopes against which the balls roll. The distance between the balls and the axis of the sleeve therefore varies according to the position of the balls along the slopes. Each dowel extractor is dedicated to specific dies diameters imposed by the dimensions of the sleeve, the hollow body, the balls and the shape of the slopes. Also, gougeons extractors are often sold in a box to provide a range of compatible diameters. These boxes are of course more expensive than a puller gougeons simple and much less easy to use. In addition, during use there is a risk of losing one or other of the dart pullers. It is also difficult to anticipate the diameters of future gougeons that we will have to disassemble and therefore choose the right box. There is therefore a need for a gougeon extractor compatible with various gougeon diameters over a wide range of values.

Le problème est similaire pour les articulations de type rotule. Une articulation rotule est une articulation faite d'une première pièce de forme sphérique, dite rotule, et d'une seconde pièce, dite tulipe. La tulipe a une forme extérieure cylindrique et une forme intérieure sphérique recevant la rotule qui peut ainsi tourner et être orientée dans tous les sens par rapport à la tulipe. La rotule est généralement couplée à une tige de rotule et la tulipe à une barre de direction. Dans la pratique, au moins une des directions de rotation de l'articulation rotule est limitée par la présence de la tige de rotule et de la barre de direction. L'articulation rotule permet toutefois d'atteindre des angles d'angulation importants entre la tige de rotule et la barre de direction.The problem is similar for knee joints. A ball joint is an articulation made of a first piece of spherical shape, called a ball joint, and a second piece, called a tulip. The tulip has a cylindrical outer shape and a spherical inner shape receiving the ball that can rotate and be oriented in all directions relative to the tulip. The patella is usually coupled to a swivel rod and the tulip to a steering bar. In practice, at least one of the rotational directions of the ball joint is limited by the presence of the ball rod and the steering bar. The ball joint, however, allows to achieve significant angulation angles between the ball rod and the steering bar.

Les articulations de type rotule sont des éléments mécaniques couramment utilisés, notamment dans l'industrie automobile, et en particulier pour équiper la direction des véhicules automobiles. Disposées entre l'arbre de direction et les roues du véhicule, les articulations rotules permettent de provoquer le pivotement des roues du véhicule tout en autorisant leur rotation et donc la mobilité du véhicule. Des fabricants proposent des articulations rotules standardisées, la rotule étant déjà imbriquée dans la tulipe dans laquelle elle est bloquée en translation. Pour coupler l'articulation rotule à d'autres éléments mécaniques, il convient de tenir fermement l'articulation rotule pour, par exemple, visser la barre de direction sur une barre de transmission. Cette opération est rendue difficile par la grande mobilité rotationnelle existant entre la rotule et la tulipe et par la forme cylindrique de la tulipe. Une difficulté similaire se présente pour découpler l'articulation rotule, par exemple de la barre de transmission.The joints of the ball-and-socket type are mechanical elements that are commonly used, particularly in industry automobile, and in particular to equip the management of motor vehicles. Arranged between the steering shaft and the wheels of the vehicle, the hinged joints make it possible to pivot the wheels of the vehicle while allowing their rotation and thus the mobility of the vehicle. Manufacturers propose standardized joints patellae, the ball joint being already nested in the tulip in which it is locked in translation. To couple the ball joint to other mechanical elements, it is necessary to firmly hold the ball joint to, for example, screw the steering bar on a transmission bar. This operation is made difficult by the great rotational mobility existing between the ball and the tulip and the cylindrical shape of the tulip. A similar difficulty arises to decouple the ball joint, for example from the transmission bar.

On trouve dans le commerce des outils spécifiques appelés « démonte rotule » qui permettent de manipuler efficacement, en tenant le manche du démonte rotule, la forme extérieure cylindrique de la tulipe. Un exemple de démonte rotule connu est illustré par les figures 1 à 3 dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale, selon la ligne de coupe BB de la figure 2, du démonte rotule connu, ce démonte rotule contenant une articulation rotule représentée sous forme d'une pièce monobloc,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe radiale, selon la ligne de coupe AA de la figure 1, du démonte rotule de la figure 1, le démonte rotule contenant une articulation rotule, et
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective éclatée du démonte rotule de la figure 1.
There are commercially available specific tools called "ball head" which allow to handle effectively, holding the handle of the ball joint, the outer cylindrical shape of the tulip. An example of known patella dismounting is illustrated by the Figures 1 to 3 in which :
  • the figure 1 is an axial sectional view along the section line BB of the figure 2 of the known ball joint, said ball joint containing a ball joint represented in the form of a single piece,
  • the figure 2 is a radial sectional view, along the line of section AA of the figure 1 , from the ball head of the figure 1 , the ball and socket remover containing a ball joint, and
  • the figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the ball head figure 1 .

En référence à ces figures, le démonte rotule 100 traditionnel comporte un tube 101 destiné à recevoir la tige de rotule 102 et permettant l'accès à distance aux articulations de type rotule. En effet, les articulations rotules sont généralement placées sous la calandre du véhicule où, du fait de la présence d'autres organes mécaniques, il y a peu de place pour accéder aux articulations rotules. Une première extrémité du tube 101 est pourvue de six pans 103 permettant l'engagement d'une clé de serrage (non représentée), par exemple une clé à cliquets. Une seconde extrémité du tube 101 est pourvue d'une cloche 104 destinée à recevoir, dans le prolongement de la tige de rotule 102, la tulipe 103 contenant la rotule (la rotule n'est pas différenciée de la tulipe 103 sur les figures 1 à 3).With reference to these figures, the ball joint 100 traditional comprises a tube 101 for receiving the ball rod 102 and allowing remote access to the ball joint type. Indeed, the ball joints are generally placed under the calender of the vehicle where, due to the presence of other mechanical members, there is little room for access to the ball joints. A first end of the tube 101 is provided with six sockets 103 allowing the engagement of a clamping wrench (not shown), for example a ratchet. A second end of the tube 101 is provided with a bell 104 intended to receive, in the extension of the ball rod 102, the tulip 103 containing the ball (the ball is not differentiated from the tulip 103 on the Figures 1 to 3 ).

Le démonte rotule 100 comporte également un flasque 105 logé dans la cloche 104 et destiné à recevoir l'articulation rotule. Le flasque 105 est prévu en deux parties reliées entre-elles par trois entretoises 106 réparties à intervalles réguliers sur la périphérie du flasque 105. La cloche 104 est pourvue d'une rondelle butée 107 et d'un anneau élastique 108 couplé à une rondelle d'appui 109 empêchant le déplacement latéral du flasque 105 par rapport à la tulipe 104. Chaque partie du flasque 105 comporte trois rainures radiales 110 se faisant face deux à deux et dans lesquelles sont insérés des galets rotatifs 111. Chaque galet rotatif 111 est ainsi mobile en rotation autour de son propre axe et mobile en translation radiale le long de la rainure radiale 110 par rapport au flasque 105. La course des galets rotatifs 111 est limitée, vers l'intérieur, par une portion circulaire continue du flasque 105 qui confère au flasque 105 sa tenue mécanique et, vers l'extérieur, par la face intérieure de la tulipe 104 contre laquelle les galets rotatifs 111 roulent. La surface intérieure de la tulipe 104 définit six pentes 112 contre lesquelles les galets rotatifs 111 roulent. Les six pentes 112 forment trois lobes définis par leurs pointes et leurs creux. L'entraxe séparant les galets rotatifs 111 et l'axe du démonte rotule 100 varie donc en fonction de la position des galets rotatifs 111 le long des pentes 112. Les galets rotatifs 111 sont par ailleurs sollicités vers l'axe du démonte rotule 100 par des anneaux élastiques 112 englobant, de part et d'autre du flasque 105, les trois axes des galets rotatifs 111.The ball joint 100 also has a flange 105 housed in the bell 104 and intended to receive the ball joint. The flange 105 is provided in two parts interconnected by three spacers 106 distributed at regular intervals on the periphery of the flange 105. The bell 104 is provided with a thrust washer 107 and an elastic ring 108 coupled to a washer support 109 preventing lateral displacement of the flange 105 relative to the tulip 104. Each portion of the flange 105 has three radial grooves 110 facing each other in pairs and in which are inserted rotary rollers 111. Each rotary roller 111 is thus movable in rotation about its own axis and movable in radial translation along the radial groove 110 relative to the flange 105. The race of the rotary rollers 111 is limited, inwardly, by a continuous circular portion of the flange 105 which gives the flask 105 its mechanical strength and, outwardly, by the inner face of the tulip 104 against which the rotating rollers 111 roll. The inner surface of the tulip 104 defines six slopes 112 against which the rotating rollers 111 roll. The six slopes 112 form three lobes defined by their points and their hollows. The distance between the rotary rollers 111 and the axis of the ball joint 100 thus varies according to the position of the rotary rollers 111 along the slopes 112. The rotary rollers 111 are also biased towards the axis of the ball joint 100 by elastic rings 112 including, on either side of the flange 105, the three axes of the rotary rollers 111.

Le démonte rotule 100 connu peut recevoir des articulations rotules de différents diamètres. Néanmoins, le diamètre maximal préhensible par le démonte rotule, est défini par les dimensions intérieures du flasque 105 qui reçoit l'articulation rotule, lui-même limité en dimensions par la tulipe 104 dans laquelle il est logé. Il est courant que la plage de diamètres compatibles soit ainsi comprise entre 35 et 40.5 mm. La conception du démonte rotule actuel ne permet pas d'accepter des diamètres supérieurs ce qui pose problème pour le montage et le démontage de ces articulations rotules de plus grands diamètres.The known ball joint 100 can receive ball joints of different diameters. Nevertheless, the maximum diameter that can be grasped by the ball joint is defined by the internal dimensions of the flange 105 which receives the ball joint, itself limited in size by the tulip 104 in which it is housed. It is common that the range of compatible diameters is thus between 35 and 40.5 mm. The design of the current ball joint does not allow to accept larger diameters which poses a problem for the assembly and disassembly of these hinges joints of larger diameters.

Une solution consiste à augmenter les dimensions extérieures et intérieures de la tulipe 104 pour qu'elle puisse recevoir un flasque 105 de dimensions supérieures. Cette solution est onéreuse puisqu'elle impose la fabrication d'une nouvelle tulipe différente et donc des outils de fabrication supplémentaires par rapport à ceux déjà utilisés pour la tulipe standard. De par ses dimensions supérieures, la nouvelle tulipe nécessite plus de matière première pour être réalisée. Enfin, les dimensions extérieures supérieures de cette tulipe sont peu compatibles avec l'espace libre très restreint dans l'environnant immédiat des articulations rotules à démonter. Cette solution n'est donc pas satisfaisante et il persiste le besoin d'un démonte rotule compatible avec des diamètres d'articulation rotule variés sur une large plage de valeurs.One solution is to increase the outer and inner dimensions of the tulip 104 so that it can receive a flange 105 of larger dimensions. This solution is expensive since it requires the manufacture of a new tulip different and therefore additional manufacturing tools compared to those already used for the standard tulip. Due to its superior dimensions, the new tulip requires more raw material to be made. Finally, the upper outer dimensions of this tulip are incompatible with the very limited free space in the immediate environment of the ball joints to be dismantled. This solution is therefore unsatisfactory and there remains the need for a ball joint dismount compatible with Ball joint diameters varied over a wide range of values.

De plus, au-delà des limitations dimensionnelles qu'ils présentent, les démonte rotules connus comportent un nombre de pièces important, rendant leur fabrication coûteuse et leur montage difficile. Par ailleurs, lors de leur utilisation normale, ils sont soumis à des sollicitations mécaniques importantes, et leur robustesse n'est pas toujours satisfaisante, notamment la rigidité du positionnement angulaire des flasques les uns entre les autres.In addition, beyond the dimensional limitations they present, the known ball joints have a large number of parts, making their costly manufacture and difficult assembly. Furthermore, during their normal use, they are subjected to significant mechanical stress, and their robustness is not always satisfactory, including the rigidity of the angular positioning of the flanges between each other.

De manière générale, il existe le besoin d'un outil de préhension permettant la préhension notamment de surfaces cylindriques et sphériques de diamètres différents que cet outil de préhension soit un extracteur de gougeons, un démonte rotule, un démonte axe ou tout autre outil de préhension similaire.In general, there is the need for a gripping tool for gripping in particular cylindrical and spherical surfaces of different diameters that this gripping tool is a puller dowels, a ball joint, a disassembly axis or any other gripping tool similar.

La présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients préalablement décrits en proposant un outil de préhension de dimensions extérieures limitées, sensiblement similaires à celles des outils actuels correspondants, apte à recevoir des pièces mécaniques de dimensions variées pour la manipuler avec force, cet outil de préhension étant robuste, facile à fabriquer et d'un coût modéré.The present invention aims at remedying the drawbacks previously described by providing a gripping tool of limited external dimensions, substantially similar to those of the current corresponding tools, adapted to receive mechanical parts of various dimensions to handle it with force, this gripping tool being robust, easy to manufacture and of moderate cost.

L'invention concerne un outil de préhension notamment d'une pièce mécanique, comportant au moins :

  • une cloche pourvue de moyen de préhension facilitant la manipulation de la cloche,
  • une cage coaxiale à la cloche et mobile en rotation dans la cloche, la cage comportant au moins une fenêtre latérale traversant la paroi de la cage, la cage définissant un logement destiné à recevoir la pièce mécanique,
  • trois éléments d'appui dont au moins un galet rotatif escamotable mobile radialement par rapport à la fenêtre latérale,
la face intérieure de la cloche étant pourvue d'au moins une pente agencée pour faire varier l'entraxe entre le galet rotatif escamotable et la cloche en fonction de la position angulaire du galet rotatif escamotable par rapport à la cloche, la cage et le galet rotatif escamotable étant reliés entre eux par des moyens de guidage agencés pour guider radialement le galet rotatif escamotable lors de la variation d'entraxe, remarquable en ce que la cage et les moyens de guidage sont agencés pour autoriser le déplacement radial du galet rotatif escamotable de sorte que son axe puisse traverser la paroi de la cage.The invention relates to a gripping tool including a mechanical part, comprising at least:
  • a bell provided with a gripping means facilitating the manipulation of the bell,
  • a cage coaxial with the bell and rotatable in the bell, the cage comprising at least one side window passing through the wall of the cage, the cage defining a housing for receiving the mechanical part,
  • three bearing elements including at least one retractable rotary roller movable radially with respect to the side window,
the inner face of the bell being provided with at least one slope arranged to vary the distance between the retractable rotary roller and the bell as a function of the angular position of the retractable rotary roller relative to the bell, the cage and the roller retractable rotary joint being interconnected by guide means arranged to radially guide the retractable rotary roller during the variation of center distance, remarkable in that the cage and the guide means are arranged to allow the radial displacement of the retractable rotary roller of so that its axis can cross the wall of the cage.

Ainsi, le diamètre minimal de la pièce mécanique qui peut être tenu par l'outil de préhension n'est pas limité par les dimensions de la cage. De plus, l'outil de préhension peut également s'accommoder de variations importantes des diamètres des pièces mécaniques qu'il reçoit.Thus, the minimum diameter of the mechanical part that can be held by the gripping tool is not limited by the dimensions of the cage. In addition, the gripping tool can also accommodate significant variations in the diameters of the mechanical parts it receives.

Les moyens de guidage sont agencés pour autoriser l'inclinaison du galet rotatif escamotable par rapport à l'axe de la cloche. Cette construction particulière permet à l'outil de préhension de s'adapter à des géométries non parfaitement cylindriques de pièce mécaniques, par exemple à des pièces coniques ou ayant un profil bombé. De plus l'inclinaison du galet rotatif escamotable permet de mieux encaisser certaines sollicitations mécaniques et donc confère une plus grande robustesse à l'outil de préhension. Enfin, cette inclinaison permet de faciliter l'insertion de pièces mécaniques dans le démonte rotule.The guide means are arranged to allow the inclination of the retractable rotary roller relative to the axis of the bell. This particular construction allows the gripping tool to adapt to non-perfectly cylindrical geometries of mechanical parts, for example conical parts or having a curved profile. In addition, the inclination of the retractable rotary roller makes it possible to better withstand certain mechanical stresses and thus gives greater strength to the gripping tool. Finally, this inclination facilitates the insertion of mechanical parts in the ball joint.

Les moyens de guidage comprennent avantageusement au moins un axe de pivotement prévu sur la cage, et au moins un bras pivotant reliant l'axe de pivotement au galet rotatif escamotable. L'outil de préhension peut également comporter deux bras pivotants reliant chacun l'axe de pivotement au galet rotatif escamotable, les bras pivotants étant mobiles angulairement entre eux par rapport à l'axe de pivotement.The guide means advantageously comprise at least one pivot axis provided on the cage, and at least one pivoting arm connecting the pivot axis to the roller retractable rotary. The gripping tool may also comprise two pivoting arms each connecting the pivot axis to the retractable rotary roller, the pivoting arms being angularly movable relative to each other with respect to the pivot axis.

La cage est de préférence pourvue d'au moins une butée agencée pour limiter le pivotement du bras pivotant vers l'axe de la cage.The cage is preferably provided with at least one stop arranged to limit the pivoting of the pivoting arm towards the axis of the cage.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la cage comporte deux flasques reliés entre eux par au moins une tige, d'axe sensiblement parallèle à celui de la cage, et définissant au moins en partie l'axe de pivotement. Cette construction est particulièrement robuste et permet à l'outil de préhension de mieux encaisser les sollicitations mécaniques auxquelles il est soumis pendant son utilisation.According to a preferred embodiment, the cage comprises two flanges interconnected by at least one rod, of axis substantially parallel to that of the cage, and defining at least partly the pivot axis. This construction is particularly robust and allows the gripping tool to better cash the mechanical stresses to which it is subjected during use.

L'outil de préhension comporte avantageusement des moyens élastiques prévus entre le galet rotatif escamotable et la cage et agencés pour solliciter le déplacement de l'axe du galet rotatif escamotable vers l'axe de la cage.The gripping tool advantageously comprises elastic means provided between the retractable rotary roller and the cage and arranged to bias the displacement of the axis of the retractable rotary roller towards the axis of the cage.

Les moyens élastiques comportent par exemple au moins un ressort de torsion comportant des spires, dont au moins une partie des spires est portée par l'axe de pivotement, le ressort de torsion étant pourvu d'une première et d'une seconde branches s'étendant de part et d'autre des spires, l'une des première et seconde branches définissant le bras pivotant, l'autre étant en appui contre la cage.The elastic means comprise for example at least one torsion spring comprising turns, at least a portion of the turns of which is carried by the pivot axis, the torsion spring being provided with a first and a second limbs extending on either side of the turns, one of the first and second branches defining the pivoting arm, the other being in abutment against the cage.

Le ressort de torsion peut comporter deux portions de spires séparées par une branche intermédiaire définissant la seconde branche, le ressort de torsion comportant deux premières branches disposées de part et d'autre des deux portions de spires.The torsion spring may comprise two portions of turns separated by an intermediate branch defining the second branch, the torsion spring having two first branches disposed on either side of the two portions of turns.

De manière avantageuse, la cage comporte trois fenêtres latérales séparées deux à deux par des angles sensiblement égaux, trois galets rotatifs escamotables, chacun prévu en face d'une des fenêtres latérales. L'outil de préhension assure ainsi une préhension isostatique qui permet de répartir les efforts subis de manière homogène et ainsi de renforcer la robustesse de l'outil de préhension.Advantageously, the cage comprises three side windows separated two by two by angles substantially equal, three retractable rotating rollers, each provided in front of one of the side windows. The gripping tool thus ensures isostatic gripping which distributes the forces undergone in a homogeneous manner and thus reinforces the robustness of the gripping tool.

La cage est de préférence formée d'une seule pièce monobloc rendant l'outil de préhension plus robuste et moins sensible aux sollicitations en torsion. Ainsi, la position relative des flasques l'un par rapport à l'autre est stable dans le temps.The cage is preferably formed of a single piece making the gripping tool more robust and less sensitive to torsional stresses. Thus, the relative position of the flanges relative to each other is stable over time.

La cloche peut être couplée à un tube, formant au moins en partie les moyens de préhension, et destinée à recevoir une partie de la pièce mécanique. Ce tube facilite la manutention de l'outil de préhension.The bell may be coupled to a tube, forming at least partly the gripping means, and intended to receive a portion of the mechanical part. This tube facilitates the handling of the gripping tool.

Le galet rotatif escamotable est avantageusement composé de plusieurs rouleaux dont les axes peuvent être inclinés les uns par rapport aux autres ou inclinables de manière à mieux coopérer avec des pièces mécaniques ayant un profil bombé ou comportant deux pentes en contresens. Cette inclinaison différenciée des rouleaux permet également de mieux suivre le profil de la pièce mécanique et donc de rendre son insertion plus facile.The retractable rotary roller is advantageously composed of several rollers whose axes may be inclined relative to each other or tilted so as to better cooperate with mechanical parts having a curved profile or having two slopes in contra. This differentiated inclination of the rollers also makes it possible to better follow the profile of the mechanical part and thus to make its insertion easier.

Afin de faciliter la compréhension de l'invention, la description qui suit est centrée de manière non limitative à un démonte rotule. Il est bien entendu que l'invention porte de manière plus générale sur un outil de préhension apte à recevoir des pièces mécaniques de dimensions variées, ces pièces pouvant avoir une forme extérieure cylindrique, carrée, hexagonale, ovale, et un profil rectiligne ou non, par exemple bombé. Il peut par exemple s'agir d'un extracteur de gougeons, d'un démonte axe ou de tout autre outil similaire.In order to facilitate the understanding of the invention, the following description is non-limitingly centered on a ball joint. It is understood that the invention relates more generally to a gripping tool adapted to receive mechanical parts of various dimensions, these parts may have an outer cylindrical shape, square, hexagonal, oval, and a rectilinear profile or not, for example bulging. It may for example be a puller gougeons, a disassembly axis or any other similar tool.

L'invention est décrite ci-après, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe axiale, selon la ligne de coupe CC de la figure 5, du démonte rotule selon l'invention, le démonte rotule étant représenté avec une articulation rotule représentée schématiquement sous la forme d'une pièce monobloc, le démonte rotule comportant notamment une cage intérieure et un corps ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe radiale, selon la ligne de coupe DD de la figure 4, du démonte rotule de la figure 4 et d'une articulation rotule ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective éclatée du démonte rotule de la figure 4 ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en coupe axiale, selon la ligne de coupe CC de la figure 5, du corps du démonte rotule de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en perspective de la cage intérieure du démonte rotule de la figure 4, la cage étant pourvue de galets, d'axes de maintien et de ressorts.
The invention is described below, by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings on which :
  • the figure 4 is an axial sectional view along the section line CC of the figure 5 , the ball joint of the invention, the ball joint being shown with a ball joint shown schematically in the form of a single piece, the ball joint comprising in particular an inner cage and a body;
  • the figure 5 is a radial sectional view, along the section line DD of the figure 4 , from the ball head of the figure 4 and a ball joint;
  • the figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of the ball head figure 4 ;
  • the figure 7 is an axial sectional view along the section line CC of the figure 5 , from the body of the ball head figure 1 ;
  • the figure 8 is a perspective view of the inner cage of the ball joint figure 4 , the cage being provided with rollers, holding pins and springs.

L'outil de préhension selon l'invention est décrit en référence à un démonte rotule illustré par les figures 4 à 8. Pour plus de clarté, l'articulation rotule 4 est représentée schématiquement sur ces figures par un bloc unique hachuré. De manière connue, l'articulation rotule 4 comporte une tulipe 40 contenant la rotule 41 couplée à une tige de rotule 42. La tulipe 40 elle-même peut être couplée à une barre de direction 43.The gripping tool according to the invention is described with reference to a ball joint dismount illustrated by the Figures 4 to 8 . For greater clarity, the ball joint 4 is shown schematically in these figures by a single hatched block. In known manner, the ball joint 4 comprises a tulip 40 containing the ball 41 coupled to a ball rod 42. The tulip 40 itself can be coupled to a steering bar 43.

En référence à la figure 4, le démonte rotule 1 selon l'invention comporte un manche 2 couplé à une cloche 3 recevant une cage 5.With reference to the figure 4 , the ball joint 1 according to the invention comprises a handle 2 coupled to a bell 3 receiving a cage 5.

Le manche 2 comporte un tube 20 s'étendant axialement et dont une première extrémité est pourvue d'un bourrelet 21 permettant de bloquer la cloche 3 lorsqu'elle est emmanchée sur le tube 20. La seconde extrémité du tube 20 est couplée à un manchon 22 logé dans le tube 20 et pourvue en son extrémité libre de six pans 23 permettant l'engagement d'une clé de serrage (non représentée), par exemple une clé à cliquets. Comme détaillé plus loin, le tube 20 peut recevoir la tige de rotule 42 d'une articulation rotule 4 que l'on souhaite saisir au moyen du démonte rotule 1. Le manche 2 permet de manipuler la cloche 3 à distance et facilite la préhension de rotules peu accessibles.The handle 2 comprises an axially extending tube 20 and whose first end is provided with a bead 21 for locking the bell 3 when it is fitted on the tube 20. The second end of the tube 20 is coupled to a sleeve 22 housed in the tube 20 and provided at its end free of hex 23 for the engagement of a wrench (not shown), for example a ratchet. As detailed below, the tube 20 can receive the ball rod 42 of a ball joint 4 which is to be grasped by means of the ball joint 1. The handle 2 makes it possible to manipulate the bell 3 at a distance and facilitates the gripping of the ball. kneecaps not very accessible.

La cloche 3 est disposée, dans le prolongement du manche 2 sur lequel elle est emmanchée jusqu'à venir en butée contre le bourrelet 21. La cloche 3 peut être emmanchée à force sur le manche 2 et/ou collée, soudée ou fixée par tout autre moyen adapté. La cloche 3 comporte des alésages coaxiaux de diamètres différents dont notamment un alésage principal 30, représenté à la figure 7, et destiné à recevoir la cage 5. Cet alésage principal 30 comporte, de part et d'autre d'un tronçon cylindrique, six pentes 31, incurvées, formant une forme à trois lobes pourvus de trois pointes et de trois creux. La fonction des pentes 31 est détaillée plus loin.The bell 3 is disposed in the extension of the handle 2 on which it is fitted until it abuts against the bead 21. The bell 3 can be force-fitted on the handle 2 and / or glued, welded or fixed by any other suitable means. The bell 3 comprises coaxial bores of different diameters, including in particular a main bore 30, shown in FIG. figure 7 , and intended to receive the cage 5. This main bore 30 comprises, on either side of a cylindrical section, six slopes 31, curved, forming a three-lobe shape provided with three points and three recesses. The function of the slopes 31 is detailed below.

La cage 5 est montée coaxiale par rapport à la cloche 3 dans laquelle elle est logée, mobile en rotation. La cage 5 définit un logement 50 destiné à recevoir la tulipe 40 de l'articulation rotule 4. La cage 5 comporte deux flasques 51, 52 reliés entre eux par une paroi circulaire 53 traversée par des fenêtres latérales 54 de formes et de dimensions sensiblement similaires et réparties à intervalles réguliers sur la paroi circulaire 53. Le flasque 51 est pourvu d'un retour 57 qui permet de limiter l'insertion axiale de l'articulation rotule 4 dans le démonte rotule 1 en empêchant le passage de la tulipe 40 dans l'orifice délimité par le retour 57.The cage 5 is mounted coaxially with respect to the bell 3 in which it is housed, movable in rotation. The cage 5 defines a housing 50 intended to receive the tulip 40 of the ball joint 4. The cage 5 comprises two flanges 51, 52 interconnected by a circular wall 53 traversed by side windows 54 of substantially similar shapes and dimensions and distributed at regular intervals on the circular wall 53. The flange 51 is provided with a return 57 which limits the axial insertion of the joint 4 ball in the ball joint 1 by preventing the passage of the tulip 40 in the hole defined by the return 57.

Les flasques 51, 52, sont également reliés entre eux par trois tiges 55, d'axes parallèles à celui de la cage 5, et disposés chacune en regard d'une des fenêtres 54. Chacune de ces tiges 55 sert d'axe de pivotement à un galet rotatif escamotable 7 prévu en regard d'une fenêtre 54. A cet effet, les galets rotatifs escamotables 7 sont individuellement reliés à une tige 55 par les première branches 80 d'un ressort de torsion 8 comportant également deux portions de spires reliées entre-elles par une branche intermédiaire 81 (ou seconde branche) décalée radialement par rapport aux portions de spires. Les portions de spires sont portées par la tige 55 et la branche intermédiaire 81 est en appui contre la paroi circulaire 53. Les premières branches 80 de chaque ressort de torsion 8 forment ainsi des bras pivotant permettant aux galets rotatifs escamotables 7 de pivoter autour des tiges 55, au travers des fenêtres latérales 55.The flanges 51, 52, are also interconnected by three rods 55, axes parallel to that of the cage 5, and each disposed facing one of the windows 54. Each of these rods 55 serves as a pivot axis to a retractable rotary roller 7 provided opposite a window 54. For this purpose, the retractable rotary rollers 7 are individually connected to a rod 55 by the first branches 80 of a torsion spring 8 also comprising two portions of connected turns between them by an intermediate branch 81 (or second branch) offset radially with respect to the portions of turns. The portions of turns are carried by the rod 55 and the intermediate branch 81 bears against the circular wall 53. The first branches 80 of each torsion spring 8 thus form pivoting arms enabling the retractable rotary rollers 7 to pivot around the rods 55, through the side windows 55.

Les galets rotatifs escamotables 7 sont cylindriques et comportent une surface de roulement encadrée par des embouts de diamètres inférieurs, chacun de ces diamètres inférieurs étant logé dans une des boucles formées aux extrémités libres des premières branches 80. Ainsi, chaque galet rotatif escamotable 7 est sollicité, par le ressort de torsion 8 en appui par la branche intermédiaire 81 sur la cage 5, vers l'axe de la cage 5 et de la cloche 3.The retractable rotary rollers 7 are cylindrical and comprise a running surface surrounded by tips of smaller diameter, each of these lower diameters being housed in one of the loops formed at the free ends of the first branches 80. Thus, each retractable rotary roller 7 is urged , by the torsion spring 8 bearing by the intermediate branch 81 on the cage 5, towards the axis of the cage 5 and the bell 3.

De plus, chaque galet rotatif escamotable 7 est mobile en rotation autour de son propre axe, bloqué dans les boucles du ressort de torsion 8. Le ressort de torsion 8 autorise la mobilisation individuelle et dissociée de chacune des premières branches 80. Ainsi, les galets rotatifs escamotables 7 peuvent être inclinés par rapport à l'axe de la cage 5 et donc par rapport à l'axe la cloche 3. Cette inclinaison permet au démonte rotule 1 de pouvoir saisir des pièces mécaniques de formes autres que cylindriques, par exemple des pièces mécaniques coniques, sphériques ou ayant une circonférence irrégulière. De plus, cette inclinaison facilite l'introduction des pièces mécanique dans le démonte rotule 1.In addition, each retractable rotary roller 7 is rotatable about its own axis, locked in the loops of the torsion spring 8. The torsion spring 8 allows the individual and dissociated mobilization of each of the first branches 80. Thus, the rollers retractable rotary 7 may be inclined relative to the axis of the cage 5 and therefore relative to the axis la bell 3. This inclination allows the ball joint 1 to be able to grip mechanical parts of shapes other than cylindrical, for example mechanical parts conical, spherical or having an irregular circumference. In addition, this inclination facilitates the introduction of mechanical parts into the ball joint 1.

En face de chaque fenêtre latérale 54, la cage 5 est pourvue de deux butées 56 prévues en regard l'une de l'autre sur chaque flasque 51, 52. L'une de ces butées 56 est représentée sur la figue 8. Ces butées 56 limitent le pivotement vers l'intérieur des premières branches 80 et donc le déplacement radial vers l'intérieur des galets rotatifs escamotables 7.In front of each lateral window 54, the cage 5 is provided with two stops 56 provided opposite one another on each flange 51, 52. One of these stops 56 is shown in FIG. 8. These stops 56 limit the pivoting inward of the first branches 80 and thus the radial displacement towards the inside of the retractable rotary rollers 7.

Lors de l'opération de serrage autour de la tulipe 40, l'écartement radial vers l'extérieur des galets rotatifs escamotables 7 est empêché par l'appui des galets rotatifs escamotables 7 contre les pentes 31. Le déplacement angulaire de la cage 5 par rapport à la cloche 3 et l'appui des galets rotatifs escamotables 7 sur les pentes 31 a pour effet de faire varier l'entraxe entre les galets rotatifs escamotables 7 et la cage 5. Comme décrit plus loin, ce décalage se prolonge jusqu'à ce que les galets rotatifs escamotables 7 se trouvent dans une configuration de coincement entre les pentes 31 et la tulipe 40. La tulipe 40 est alors tenue fermement par le démonte rotule 1.During the tightening operation around the tulip 40, the radial outward spacing of the retractable rotary rollers 7 is prevented by the support of the retractable rotary rollers 7 against the slopes 31. The angular displacement of the cage 5 by relative to the bell 3 and the support of the retractable rotary rollers 7 on the slopes 31 has the effect of varying the spacing between the retractable rotary rollers 7 and the cage 5. As described later, this shift extends to that the retractable rotary rollers 7 are in a wedging configuration between the slopes 31 and the tulip 40. The tulip 40 is then firmly held by the ball joint 1.

Lors de cette variation d'entraxe, les galets rotatifs escamotables 7 peuvent circuler radialement au travers des fenêtres latérales 54. Le déplacement radial vers l'intérieur des galets rotatifs escamotables 7 est limité par les butées 56 qui reçoivent l'appui des premières branches 80. Ainsi, les galets rotatifs escamotables 7 ne dépassent pas une position minimale limite prédéterminée limitant l'effort à fournir pour l'insertion de l'articulation rotule 4.During this variation of center distance, the retractable rotating rollers 7 can circulate radially through the side windows 54. The radial displacement towards the inside of the retractable rotary rollers 7 is limited by the stops 56 which receive the support of the first branches 80 Thus, the retractable rotary rollers 7 do not exceed a predetermined minimum limit position limiting the effort required to provide insertion of the ball joint 4.

Le diamètre minimal de préhension, correspondant au diamètre minimal de la pièce mécanique qui peut être tenue par le démonte rotule 1, est déterminé par la position des galets rotatifs escamotables 7 lorsqu'ils sont le plus près de l'axe de la cage 5. Lorsque la cage 5 est pourvue de butée 56, cette position est déterminée par les butées 56. Le diamètre maximal de préhension, correspondant au diamètre maximal de la pièce mécanique qui peut être tenue par le démonte rotule, est défini par la position des galets rotatifs escamotables 7 lorsqu'ils sont dans les pointes des lobes formés par les pentes 31. La plage de diamètres des pièces mécaniques pouvant être saisies par le démonte rotule 1 selon l'invention est donc plus large que celle des démonte rotules connus. Avec des dimensions extérieures comparables, on passe par exemple d'une plage limitée entre 35 et 40 mm à une plage s'étendant au moins de 35 à 45 mm.The minimum gripping diameter, corresponding to the minimum diameter of the mechanical part that can be held by the ball joint 1, is determined by the position of the retractable rotary rollers 7 when they are closest to the axis of the cage 5. When the cage 5 is provided with stop 56, this position is determined by the stops 56. The maximum gripping diameter, corresponding to the maximum diameter of the mechanical part that can be held by the ball joint, is defined by the position of the rotary rollers retractable 7 when they are in the tips of the lobes formed by the slopes 31. The range of diameters of mechanical parts that can be grasped by the ball joint 1 according to the invention is therefore wider than that of known ball joints. With comparable external dimensions, for example, a range of between 35 and 40 mm is limited to a range extending from at least 35 to 45 mm.

La cage 5 est bloquée en translation axiale dans la cloche 3 d'une part par l'appui de son flasque 51 contre un bossage formé par l'extrémité de l'alésage principal 30, d'autre part par l'intermédiaire d'un anneau élastique 6 logé dans une gorge circulaire 33 prévue à l'entrée de la cloche 3. Les flasques 51, 52 et la paroi circulaire 53 peuvent être formés d'une seule pièce monobloc, par exemple une pièce moulée.The cage 5 is locked in axial translation in the bell 3 on the one hand by the support of its flange 51 against a boss formed by the end of the main bore 30, on the other hand via a elastic ring 6 housed in a circular groove 33 provided at the entrance of the bell 3. The flanges 51, 52 and the circular wall 53 may be formed in one piece, for example a molded part.

Dans une variante de réalisation non représentée, chaque tige est remplacée par deux plots prévus en regard l'un de l'autre respectivement sur chacun des flasques. Les portions de spires du ressort de torsion sont emmanchées sur chacun des plots de sorte que ces portions de spires coopèrent avec les plots pour définir l'axe de pivotement du galet.In an alternative embodiment not shown, each rod is replaced by two studs provided facing each other respectively on each of the flanges. The turns portions of the torsion spring are fitted on each of the studs so that these coil portions cooperate with the studs to define the pivot axis of the roller.

Dans une autre variante de réalisation non représentée, chaque galet rotatif escamotable est couplé à la tige par deux bras pivotants rigides latéraux. Chacun de ces bras pivotants est sollicité par des moyens de rappel élastiques tendant à déplacer chaque bras pivotant, radialement vers l'intérieur, et donc le galet rotatif escamotable correspondant de la même façon. Chaque bras pivotant peut ainsi être sollicité au moyen d'un ressort de torsion similaire à ceux décrits précédemment.In another variant embodiment shown, each retractable rotary roller is coupled to the rod by two rigid lateral pivoting arms. Each of these pivoting arms is biased by elastic return means tending to move each pivoting arm, radially inwardly, and thus the corresponding retractable rotary roller in the same way. Each pivoting arm can thus be biased by means of a torsion spring similar to those described above.

Les moyens de rappel peuvent également comporter deux anneaux élastiques prévus autour de la cage, placés de part et d'autre des galets rotatifs escamotables sur leurs petits diamètres, de manière à solliciter conjointement le déplacement radial vers l'intérieur des galets rotatifs escamotables. Les moyens de rappel peuvent enfin comporter des ressorts à lame.The return means may also comprise two elastic rings provided around the cage, placed on either side of the rotary rollers retractable on their small diameters, so as to jointly solicit the radial displacement inwards of the retractable rotary rollers. The return means may finally comprise leaf springs.

Dans encore une autre variante de réalisation non représentée, chaque galet rotatif escamotable est composé de plusieurs rouleaux alignés. Pour augmenter l'adaptabilité du démonte rotule à des pièces mécaniques ayant des surfaces extérieures non régulières ou bombées, ces rouleaux peuvent être articulés les uns par rapport aux autres. Les rouleaux peuvent par exemple être portés par un arbre flexible sollicité de part et d'autre des deux rouleaux par deux bras pivotants élastiques. Il est possible de prévoir un troisième bras pivotant entre les rouleaux. L'arbre flexible peut également être couplé à des bras pivotants rigides sollicités par des moyens de rappel élastiques. Les rouleaux peuvent enfin chacun être portés par un arbre indépendant, chaque arbre étant individuellement couplé à des bras pivotants. Lorsque le galet rotatif escamotable est composé de deux rouleaux alignés portés par un arbre unique, chaque galet rotatif escamotable peut être sollicité par un bras pivotant unique dont l'extrémité reliant l'arbre unique est disposée entre les rouleaux constituant le galet rotatif escamotable.In yet another embodiment not shown, each retractable rotary roller is composed of several aligned rollers. To increase the adaptability of the ball joint to mechanical parts having non-regular or curved outer surfaces, these rollers can be articulated with respect to each other. The rollers may for example be carried by a flexible shaft biased on both sides of the two rollers by two resilient pivoting arms. It is possible to provide a third pivoting arm between the rollers. The flexible shaft may also be coupled to rigid pivoting arms biased by elastic return means. The rollers can each be carried by an independent shaft, each shaft being individually coupled to pivoting arms. When the retractable rotary roller is composed of two aligned rollers carried by a single shaft, each retractable rotary roller can be solicited by a single pivoting arm whose end connecting the single shaft is arranged between the rollers constituting the retractable rotary roller.

Dans des variantes de réalisation non représentées, l'outil de préhension peut avoir les différentes configurations suivantes :

  • un galet rotatif escamotable couplé à deux galets rotatifs d'axes fixes (non escamotables),
  • deux galets rotatifs escamotables couplés à un galet rotatif d'axe fixe (non escamotable),
  • un galet rotatif escamotable couplé à deux butées fixes (non rotative),
  • deux galets rotatifs escamotables couplés à une butée fixe (non rotative).
Le fait d'avoir ainsi trois points d'appui, formés par les galets rotatifs escamotables ou non et butées fixes, permet d'obtenir une préhension isostatique fiable et efficace de la pièce mécanique. L'outil de préhension peut néanmoins comporter un nombre de point d'appui supérieur.In variant embodiments not shown, the gripping tool can have the following different configurations:
  • a retractable rotary roller coupled to two rotary rollers of fixed axes (not retractable),
  • two retractable rotary rollers coupled to a rotary roller of fixed axis (not retractable),
  • a retractable rotary roller coupled to two fixed stops (non-rotating),
  • two retractable rotating rollers coupled to a fixed stop (non-rotating).
The fact of having three points of support, formed by the rotating rollers retractable or not and fixed stops, provides a reliable and effective isostatic gripping of the mechanical part. The gripping tool may nevertheless have a higher number of support points.

On décrira ci-après un mode opératoire pour utiliser le démonte rotule 1.A procedure will be described below for using the ball joint 1.

Lors de l'étape d'insertion, le démonte rotule 1 est tenu au moyen du manche 2 afin d'approcher la cloche 3 de l'articulation rotule 4 à saisir, et d'insérer cette articulation rotule 4 dans le démonte rotule 1. L'insertion est limitée par la tulipe 40 qui vient en appui contre le retour du flasque 51 de la cage 5. Une fois insérée, la tige de rotule 42 est reçue dans le tube 20, la tulipe 40 est reçue dans la cloche 3 et en particulier dans la cage 5 entre les galets rotatifs escamotables 7. Pendant l'insertion de la tulipe 40 dans la cloche 3, la surface inclinée de la tulipe 40 vient en contact avec les galets rotatifs escamotables 7, sollicités radialement vers l'intérieur par les ressorts de torsion 8, eux-mêmes pivotants autour des tiges 55. L'élasticité des premières branches 80 permet aux galets rotatifs escamotables 7 de s'incliner par rapport à l'axe de la cloche 3 et ainsi de suivre, dans une certaine mesure, le profil de la tulipe 40 pendant son insertion. Une fois la tulipe 40 insérée dans la cloche 3, les galets rotatifs escamotables 7 sont en appui sur la surface extérieure de la tulipe 40, sollicités radialement, vers l'intérieur, par les ressorts de torsion 8.During the insertion step, the ball joint 1 is held by means of the handle 2 in order to approach the bell 3 of the ball joint 4 to be gripped, and to insert this ball joint 4 into the ball joint 1. The insertion is limited by the tulip 40 which abuts against the return of the flange 51 of the cage 5. Once inserted, the ball rod 42 is received in the tube 20, the tulip 40 is received in the bell 3 and in particular in the cage 5 between the retractable rotary rollers 7. During the insertion of the tulip 40 into the bell 3, the inclined surface of the tulip 40 comes into contact with the retractable rotary rollers 7, radially inwardly biased by the torsion springs 8, themselves pivoting around the rods 55. The elasticity of the first branches 80 allows the retractable rotary rollers 7 of tilting with respect to the axis of the bell 3 and thus follow, to a certain extent, the profile of the tulip 40 during its insertion. Once the tulip 40 has been inserted in the bell 3, the retractable rotary rollers 7 bear against the outer surface of the tulip 40, radially biased inwards by the torsion springs 8.

Lors de l'étape de serrage, le manche 2 du démonte rotule 1 est ensuite tourné manuellement en sens antihoraire autour de son axe, entrainant le déplacement angulaire de la cloche 3 et de ses pentes 31 et donc le roulement des galets rotatifs escamotables 7 sur la surface extérieure de la pièce mécanique. Ce roulement se prolonge jusqu'à ce que les galets rotatifs escamotables 7 se retrouvent coincés, vers les creux des lobes formés par les pentes 31, entre les pentes 31 et la pièce mécanique à saisir. Comme pour les démonte rotules connus, les pentes 31 et les diamètres des galets rotatifs escamotables 7 sont choisis pour provoquer un coincement efficace des galets rotatifs escamotables 7 sur la pièce mécanique. La pièce mécanique est donc fermement tenue par le démonte rotule 1. Elle peut ainsi être manipulée aisément, par exemple pour dévisser la barre de direction 42 de l'articulation rotule 4 d'une barre de transmission (non représentée).During the clamping step, the handle 2 of the ball joint 1 is then turned manually anti-clockwise about its axis, causing the angular displacement of the bell 3 and its slopes 31 and thus the rolling of the retractable rotary rollers 7 on the outer surface of the mechanical part. This rolling is continued until the retractable rotating rollers 7 are stuck, towards the hollow lobes formed by the slopes 31, between the slopes 31 and the mechanical part to be gripped. As for the known ball joints, the slopes 31 and the diameters of the retractable rotary rollers 7 are chosen to cause effective jamming of the retractable rotary rollers 7 on the mechanical part. The mechanical part is therefore firmly held by the ball joint 1. It can thus be easily handled, for example to unscrew the steering bar 42 of the ball joint 4 of a transmission bar (not shown).

Il ressort clairement de la description que l'outil de préhension 1 selon l'invention permet, tout en ayant des dimensions extérieures limitées, de recevoir des pièces mécaniques de dimensions variables, sur une plage de valeurs étendue, supérieure à celle autorisée par les démonte rotules et autres outils de préhension connus. L'outil de préhension 1 permet ainsi d'accéder à des pièces mécaniques dans des environnements encombrés. En outre, l'outil de préhension 1 comporte un nombre de pièces limité ce qui renforce sa fiabilité et sa durée de vie.It is clear from the description that the gripping tool 1 according to the invention allows, while having limited external dimensions, to receive mechanical parts of variable dimensions, over an extended range of values, greater than that allowed by the disassembly. ball joints and other known gripping tools. The gripping tool 1 thus provides access to mechanical parts in congested environments. In addition, the gripping tool 1 has a limited number of parts which reinforces its reliability and its lifetime.

Il est bien entendu que les exemples décrits ne sont que des illustrations particulières en aucun cas limitatives des domaines d'application de l'invention. L'Homme de l'art pourra apporter des aménagements de taille, de forme et de matériau à l'exemple de réalisation particulier sans pour autant sortir du cadre de la présente invention, telle que définie dans les revendications.It is understood that the examples described are only particular illustrations in no way limiting the fields of application of the invention. Those skilled in the art may provide arrangements of size, shape and material to the particular embodiment without departing from the scope of the present invention, as defined in the claims.

Claims (13)

  1. Gripping tool (1), particularly for a mechanical part (4), comprising at least:
    - one bell (3) provided with gripping means (2) facilitating the handling of said bell (3),
    - one cage (5) coaxial with said bell (3) and rotatable in said bell (3), said cage (5) comprising at least one lateral opening (54) passing through the wall of said cage (5), said cage (5) defining a housing (50) for receiving said mechanical part (4),
    - three bearing members (7) including at least one retractable rotating roller, radially movable in relation to said lateral opening (54),
    the inner face of said bell (3) being provided with at least one slope (31) arranged to vary the centre-to-centre distance between said retractable rotating roller (7) and said bell (3) based on the angular position of said retractable rotating roller (7) in relation to said bell (3), said cage (5) and said retractable rotating roller (7) being interconnected by guiding means (55, 8) arranged to guide said retractable rotating roller (7) radially during the variation of the centre-to-centre distance, characterised in that said cage (5) and said guiding means (55, 8) are arranged to enable the radial movement of said retractable rotating roller (7) such that the axis thereof can pass through the wall of said cage (5).
  2. Gripping tool (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that said guiding means (55, 8) are arranged to enable the inclination of said retractable rotating roller (7) in relation to the axis of said bell (3).
  3. Gripping tool (1) according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that said guiding means comprise at least one pivoting axis (55) provided on said cage (5), and at least one pivoting arm (80) connecting the pivoting axis (55) to said retractable rotating roller (7).
  4. Gripping tool (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that it comprises two pivoting arms (80) each connecting said pivoting axis (55) to said retractable rotating roller (7), said pivoting arms being angularly movable with respect to each other in relation to the pivoting axis (55).
  5. Gripping tool (1) according to any of claims 3 or 4, characterised in that said cage (5) is provided with at least one abutment (56) arranged to limit the pivoting of said pivoting arm (80) towards the axis of said cage (5).
  6. Gripping tool (1) according to any of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that said cage (5) comprises two flanges (51, 52) interconnected by at least one rod (55), having a substantially parallel axis with that of said cage (5), and defining said pivoting axis at least partially.
  7. Gripping tool (1) according to any of the above claims, characterised in that it comprises elastic means (8) provided between said retractable rotating roller (7) and said cage (5) and arranged to actuate the movement of the axis of said retractable rotating roller (7) towards the axis of said cage (5).
  8. Gripping tool (1) according to any of claims 3 to 7, characterised in that said elastic means comprise at least one torsional spring (8) comprising turns, wherein at least a portion of the turns is borne by said pivoting axis, the torsional spring (8) being provided with a first branch and a second branch (80, 81) extending on either side of said turns, one of said first and second branches (80, 81) defining the pivoting arm, the other pressing against said cage (5).
  9. Gripping tool (1) according to claim 8, characterised in that said torsional spring (8) comprises two portions of turns separated by an intermediate branch (81) defining said second branch, said torsional spring (8) comprising two first branches (80) arranged on either side of said two turn portions.
  10. Gripping tool (1) according to any of the above claims, characterised in that said cage (5) comprises three lateral openings (55) separated in pairs by substantially equal angles, three retractable rotating rollers (7), each provided facing one of the lateral openings (55).
  11. Gripping tool (1) according to any of the above claims, characterised in that said cage (5) is formed from a single integral part.
  12. Gripping tool (1) according to any of the above claims, characterised in that said bell (3) is coupled with a tube (2), forming the gripping means at least partially, for receiving a portion of said mechanical part (4).
  13. Gripping tool (1) according to any of the above claims, characterised in that said retractable rotating roller (7) consists of a plurality of cylinders.
EP10773648.0A 2009-09-24 2010-09-24 Gripping tool Active EP2480379B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0904573A FR2950278B1 (en) 2009-09-24 2009-09-24 GRIPPING TOOL
PCT/FR2010/000636 WO2011036355A1 (en) 2009-09-24 2010-09-24 Gripping tool

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EP2480379A1 EP2480379A1 (en) 2012-08-01
EP2480379B1 true EP2480379B1 (en) 2013-11-06

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US (1) US20110233949A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2480379B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2775401A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2950278B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011036355A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120291596A1 (en) * 2011-05-17 2012-11-22 Jackson Denton L Simple socket
FR3058348B1 (en) * 2016-11-08 2019-06-14 Sarl Francois Inglese DEVICE FOR THE SCREWING AND DEWAVING OF A SCREW LEG FOR FASTENING A NECKLACE IN A WALL
DE102016223678B4 (en) 2016-11-29 2022-10-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hand machine tool device
US11389222B2 (en) * 2020-02-18 2022-07-19 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Medical pin removal tool
US11413728B2 (en) * 2020-02-25 2022-08-16 Nissan North America, Inc. Tightening tool
CN113510733B (en) * 2021-07-28 2022-02-01 南京航空航天大学 Flange connecting device applied to mechanical arm and end effector thereof

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US2613942A (en) * 1947-08-12 1952-10-14 Enos P Saunders Stud driver
FR1424000A (en) * 1964-11-26 1966-01-07 Improvements to drive devices for tightening screws, bolts, nuts and other similar assembly elements
US3956801A (en) * 1975-02-07 1976-05-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Navy Adjustable staking tool
DE9312316U1 (en) * 1993-08-18 1994-06-30 Cleiren, Alex, Kalmthou Tool for twisting, especially screwing pipes
US5613288A (en) * 1995-12-11 1997-03-25 Lundsten; James D. Blind hole bearing puller
US5727298A (en) * 1996-09-19 1998-03-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Roller shaft extractor
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US6736729B2 (en) * 2002-07-03 2004-05-18 Gkn Automotive, Inc. Constant velocity joint and method of making same
GB0411409D0 (en) * 2004-05-21 2004-06-23 Interbrew Sa Valve assembly extraction tool
US7980604B2 (en) * 2009-05-09 2011-07-19 Michael J Punaro Bearing puller

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WO2011036355A1 (en) 2011-03-31
FR2950278B1 (en) 2011-09-16
CA2775401A1 (en) 2011-03-31
EP2480379A1 (en) 2012-08-01
FR2950278A1 (en) 2011-03-25
US20110233949A1 (en) 2011-09-29

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