EP2473791A2 - System for heating and/or cooling a medium - Google Patents

System for heating and/or cooling a medium

Info

Publication number
EP2473791A2
EP2473791A2 EP10745152A EP10745152A EP2473791A2 EP 2473791 A2 EP2473791 A2 EP 2473791A2 EP 10745152 A EP10745152 A EP 10745152A EP 10745152 A EP10745152 A EP 10745152A EP 2473791 A2 EP2473791 A2 EP 2473791A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ambient air
heat exchanger
exchanger tubes
medium
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10745152A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wilfried Henning Reese
Heinz Posselt
Harald Kraus
Andreas Walz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP2473791A2 publication Critical patent/EP2473791A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
    • F28D1/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels with an air driving element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
    • F28F21/083—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys from stainless steel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/031—Air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0311—Air heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0311—Air heating
    • F17C2227/0313—Air heating by forced circulation, e.g. using a fan
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/039—Localisation of heat exchange separate on the pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0397—Localisation of heat exchange characterised by fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/018—Adapting dimensions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0139—Fuel stations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for heating and / or cooling a
  • Medium comprising an ambient air heat exchanger, via which the medium is warmed in one or more heat exchanger tubes against ambient air and / or cooled.
  • Medium for example, a liquefied gas, such as liquefied nitrogen or liquefied oxygen. Since in this case the ambient air serves as an energy supplier, this type of heating and / or cooling of a medium is the most energetically favorable method.
  • a liquefied gas such as liquefied nitrogen or liquefied oxygen. Since in this case the ambient air serves as an energy supplier, this type of heating and / or cooling of a medium is the most energetically favorable method.
  • Hydrogen filling stations usually have a reservoir for liquefied hydrogen.
  • the withdrawn from this storage liquid hydrogen storage is compressed by means of a so-called.
  • Cryo pump to a discharge or intermediate storage pressure of up to 900 bar.
  • At the outlet of the cryopump has the compressed
  • Hydrogen has a temperature between 50 and 60 K.
  • Thermoblock also be electrically heated.
  • the heating of the compressed hydrogen by means of an ambient air heat exchanger has not previously been considered, since the prevailing at the outlet of the ambient air heat exchanger fluid temperature is essentially dependent on the current ambient temperature. However, this ambient temperature varies within Europe between -30 and 40 ° C over the course of the year. Furthermore, it is disadvantageous that a comparatively good heat transfer takes place at the beginning of the heat exchange process, since the pipes or the fins mounted on them do not yet have any tires. With increasing duration of the heat exchange process, however, there is an ever increasing tire wear of the pipes or fins, which can result in a significant deterioration of the heat transfer.
  • a further disadvantage is that ambient air heat exchangers require comparatively much space, since due to the natural convection of the air via the pipes or fins a minimum distance between the individual pipes is provided.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a generic arrangement for heating and / or cooling of a medium, which with the
  • an arrangement for heating and / or cooling of a medium comprising an ambient air heat exchanger, via which the medium in one or more heat exchanger tubes against ambient air warmed and / or cooled, is proposed, which is characterized in that the ambient air heat exchanger means for controlled guiding and / or flow of the ambient air along or at least one of
  • Heat exchanger tubes which means are designed such that they allow a variable or controllable influence on the flow velocity, direction and / or intensity of the ambient air.
  • Ambient air and the medium to be heated and / or cooled are now influenced so that, depending on the desired heating or cooling, the heat transfer - in comparison to a heat transfer, which takes place without the aid of the mentioned means for controlled guiding and / or flow of ambient air - improved or worsened.
  • this improvement or deterioration of the heat transfer is associated with additional equipment and thus additional investment and operating costs.
  • Heating and / or cooling of a medium are characterized in that - the means for controlled guiding and / or flowing of the ambient air are designed as at least one controllable fan, provided that the one or more heat exchanger tubes are arranged in one or more channels formed by air baffles, the Means for controlled guiding and / or flowing of the ambient air as at least one, the or at least one of the channels associated flap 8, which allows a partial or complete closing of the channel are formed, which or the heat exchanger tubes are designed such that they are pressures up to Withstand 1000 bar, the or the heat exchanger tubes at least partially from a
  • Consist of stainless steel material and Means are provided for the controlled feeding of at least one media stream to the ambient air stream guided along the one or more heat exchanger tubes.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for heating and / or cooling a medium and further embodiments thereof are described below with reference to FIG.
  • Figure 2 shows a sectional view along the dash-dotted line A - A shows.
  • Arrangement to be cooled and / or to be heated medium via line 1 to the ambient air heat exchanger This is in the form of meandering arranged heat exchanger tubes 2. Through this, the medium is passed through the ambient air heat exchanger before it is withdrawn via line 3 from the inventive arrangement.
  • a plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 is usually provided, as shown with reference to FIG. In principle, however, the arrangement according to the invention or the ambient air heat exchanger can also have only a single heat exchanger tube.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 2 are preferably at least partially made of a stainless steel material.
  • the meander-shaped region of the heat exchanger tubes 2 is now surrounded by a cylindrical casing or outer casing 4.
  • Air baffles 5 arranged such that the ambient air flows substantially parallel to the heat exchanger tubes 2.
  • the provision of the air baffles 5 serves in particular to the aforementioned disturbing influences in case too low to avoid spaced heat exchanger tubes 2 and to allow individual control of the air flow along the heat exchanger tubes 2.
  • the channels formed by the outer shell 4 and the baffles 5 are preferably flowed through from the ambient air from top to bottom.
  • at least one fan or fan V which is preferably driven by a controllable electric motor M
  • the strength of the air flow within the outer shell 4 and the channels formed by the baffles 5 can be varied.
  • all or some of the channels formed by the air baffles 5 can be partially and / or completely closed by means of flaps 8.
  • the or the fan V can also - at least temporarily - a flow rate can be adjusted, which allows that adhering to the heat exchanger tubes 2 and their fins frostbite of the
  • the inventive arrangement for heating and / or cooling a medium creates a structurally comparatively simple and cost-effective method for heating or cooling of media, in particular compressed hydrogen, such as in hydrogen filling stations after removal from the

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for heating and/or cooling a medium, comprising an ambient air heat exchanger via which the medium can be heated and/or cooled relative to the ambient air in one or more heat exchanger tubes. The ambient air heat exchanger comprises means for the controlled guidance and/or flow-control of the ambient air along the one or at least one heat exchanger tube (2), the means for the controlled guidance and/or flow-control of the ambient air being designed to allow a variable or controlled manipulation of the flow speed, flow direction and/or flow intensity of the ambient air.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Anordnung zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Mediums Arrangement for heating and / or cooling a medium
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines The invention relates to an arrangement for heating and / or cooling a
Mediums, aufweisend einen Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher, über den das Medium in einem oder mehreren Wärmetauscherrohren gegen Umgebungsluft angewärmt und/oder abgekühlt wird. Medium, comprising an ambient air heat exchanger, via which the medium is warmed in one or more heat exchanger tubes against ambient air and / or cooled.
Gattungsgemäße Anordnungen zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Medium, die einen Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher aufweisen, sind aus dem Stand der Technik hinlänglich bekannt. Sie dienen bei einer Vielzahl von Anwendungsfällen der Generic arrangements for heating and / or cooling a medium comprising an ambient air heat exchanger are well known in the art. They serve in a variety of applications of
Anwärmung und/oder Abkühlung eines anzuwärmenden bzw. abzukühlenden Heating and / or cooling of a person to be heated or cooled
Mediums, beispielsweise eines verflüssigten Gases, wie verflüssigter Stickstoff oder verflüssigter Sauerstoff. Da hierbei die Umgebungsluft als Energielieferant dient, stellt diese Art der Anwärmung und/oder Abkühlung eines Mediums die energetisch günstigste Methode dar. Medium, for example, a liquefied gas, such as liquefied nitrogen or liquefied oxygen. Since in this case the ambient air serves as an energy supplier, this type of heating and / or cooling of a medium is the most energetically favorable method.
Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe sowie die nachfolgend beschriebene Lösung seien im Folgenden anhand der Verwendung einer The object underlying the present invention and the solution described below are described below with reference to the use of a
gattungsgemäßen Anordnung zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Mediums bei einer Wasserstoff-Tankstelle bzw. einem Wasserstoff-Betankungsprozess erläutert. Es sei jedoch betont, dass die nachfolgend beschriebene, erfindungsgemäße Anordnung selbstverständlich auch bei einer Vielzahl weiterer Anwendungsfälle Verwendung finden kann. Wasserstoff-Tankstellen weisen üblicherweise einen Vorratsspeicher für verflüssigten Wasserstoff auf. Der aus diesem Vorratsspeicher abgezogene flüssige Wasserstoff wird mittels einer sog. Kryopumpe auf einen Abgabe- bzw. Zwischenspeicherdruck von bis zu 900 bar verdichtet. Am Ausgang der Kryopumpe weist der verdichtete generic arrangement for heating and / or cooling of a medium at a hydrogen filling station or a hydrogen refueling process explained. It should be emphasized, however, that the arrangement according to the invention described below can of course also be used in a large number of other applications. Hydrogen filling stations usually have a reservoir for liquefied hydrogen. The withdrawn from this storage liquid hydrogen storage is compressed by means of a so-called. Cryo pump to a discharge or intermediate storage pressure of up to 900 bar. At the outlet of the cryopump has the compressed
Wasserstoff eine Temperatur zwischen 50 und 60 K auf. Zum Betanken von Hydrogen has a temperature between 50 and 60 K. For refueling
Wasserstoff-Fahrzeugen muss der verdichtete Wasserstoff jedoch unter einer Hydrogen vehicles, however, must have the compressed hydrogen under one
Temperatur von ca. -40 °C vorliegen. Die erforderliche Anwärmung des verdichteten Wasserstoffs erfolgt bei einem zum Stand der Technik zählenden Verfahren, das bspw. in der nicht vorveröffentlichten deutschen Patentanmeldung 102009019275 beschrieben ist, mittels eines Thermoblocks, der mittels eines Kälte- und/oder Temperature of about -40 ° C are present. The required heating of the compressed hydrogen takes place in a method belonging to the prior art, which, for example, in the unpublished German patent application 102009019275 is described by means of a thermoblock, by means of a cold and / or
Wärmekreislaufes abgekühlt und/oder erwärmt wird. Alternativ hierzu kann der Heat cycle cooled and / or heated. Alternatively, the
Thermoblock auch elektrisch beheizt werden. Die Anwärmung des verdichteten Wasserstoffs mittels eines Umgebungsluft- Wärmetauschers ist bisher nicht in Erwägung gezogen worden, da die am Austritt des Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauschers herrschende Medientemperatur im Wesentlichen von der aktuellen Umgebungstemperatur abhängig ist. Diese Umgebungstemperatur schwankt jedoch innerhalb Europas im Jahresverlauf zwischen ca. -30 und 40 °C. Des Weiteren ist von Nachteil, dass zu Beginn des Wärmeaustauschprozesses ein vergleichsweise guter Wärmeübergang erfolgt, da die Rohrleitungen bzw. die auf ihnen angebrachten Fins noch keine Bereifung aufweisen. Mit zunehmender Dauer des Wärmeaustauschprozesses kommt es jedoch zu einer immer stärker werdenden Bereifung der Rohrleitungen bzw. Fins, woraus eine merkliche Verschlechterung des Wärmeübergangs resultieren kann. Thermoblock also be electrically heated. The heating of the compressed hydrogen by means of an ambient air heat exchanger has not previously been considered, since the prevailing at the outlet of the ambient air heat exchanger fluid temperature is essentially dependent on the current ambient temperature. However, this ambient temperature varies within Europe between -30 and 40 ° C over the course of the year. Furthermore, it is disadvantageous that a comparatively good heat transfer takes place at the beginning of the heat exchange process, since the pipes or the fins mounted on them do not yet have any tires. With increasing duration of the heat exchange process, however, there is an ever increasing tire wear of the pipes or fins, which can result in a significant deterioration of the heat transfer.
Von Nachteil ist ferner, dass Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher vergleichsweise viel Platz beanspruchen, da aufgrund der natürlichen Konvektion der Luft über die Rohrleitungen bzw. Fins ein Minimalabstand zwischen den einzelnen Rohrleitungen vorzusehen ist. A further disadvantage is that ambient air heat exchangers require comparatively much space, since due to the natural convection of the air via the pipes or fins a minimum distance between the individual pipes is provided.
Gattungsgemäße Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher kommen daher aus den Generic ambient air heat exchangers therefore come from the
vorgenannten Gründen, und da die gewünschte Medien-Austrittstemperatur von ca. -40 °C mit einer Schwankung von maximal 10 °C eingehalten werden muss, bei Wasserstoff-Tankstellen bzw. Wasserstoff-Betankungsprozessen nicht zur aforementioned reasons, and since the desired media outlet temperature of about -40 ° C must be maintained with a maximum fluctuation of 10 ° C, at hydrogen refueling or hydrogen refueling processes not to
Anwendung. Gleiche Überlegungen gelten für eine Vielzahl von weiteren Application. Same considerations apply to a variety of others
Anwendungsfällen, bei denen das Einhalten einer im Wesentlichen konstanten Medien- Austrittstemperatur von Bedeutung ist.  Applications in which maintaining a substantially constant media outlet temperature is important.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine gattungsgemäße Anordnung zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Mediums anzugeben, die die mit den Object of the present invention is to provide a generic arrangement for heating and / or cooling of a medium, which with the
vorbeschriebenen Verfahrensweisen verbundenen Nachteile vermeidet. avoid the disadvantages associated with the above-described methods.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird eine Anordnung zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Mediums, aufweisend einen Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher, über den das Medium in einem oder mehreren Wärmetauscherrohren gegen Umgebungsluft angewärmt und/oder abgekühlt wird, vorgeschlagen, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher Mittel zum kontrollierten Führen und/oder Anströmen der Umgebungsluft entlang des oder mindestens einem der To solve this problem, an arrangement for heating and / or cooling of a medium, comprising an ambient air heat exchanger, via which the medium in one or more heat exchanger tubes against ambient air warmed and / or cooled, is proposed, which is characterized in that the ambient air heat exchanger means for controlled guiding and / or flow of the ambient air along or at least one of
Wärmetauscherrohre aufweist, wobei diese Mittel derart ausgebildet sind, dass sie eine variable bzw. regelbare Beeinflussung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, -richtung und/oder -Intensität der Umgebungsluft ermöglichen. Heat exchanger tubes, which means are designed such that they allow a variable or controllable influence on the flow velocity, direction and / or intensity of the ambient air.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Intensität des Wärmeübergangs zwischen der According to the invention, the intensity of the heat transfer between the
Umgebungsluft und dem anzuwärmenden und/oder abzukühlenden Medium nunmehr beeinflusst werden, so dass in Abhängigkeit von der gewünschten Erwärmung bzw. Abkühlung der Wärmeübergang - im Vergleich zu einem Wärmeübergang, der ohne Zuhilfenahme der erwähnten Mittel zum kontrollierten Führen und/oder Anströmen der Umgebungsluft erfolgt - verbessert oder verschlechtert wird. Dieses Verbessern bzw. Verschlechtern des Wärmeübergangs ist jedoch mit einem zusätzlichen apparativen Aufwand und damit zusätzlichen Investitions- und Betriebskosten verbunden. Ambient air and the medium to be heated and / or cooled are now influenced so that, depending on the desired heating or cooling, the heat transfer - in comparison to a heat transfer, which takes place without the aid of the mentioned means for controlled guiding and / or flow of ambient air - improved or worsened. However, this improvement or deterioration of the heat transfer is associated with additional equipment and thus additional investment and operating costs.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung zum Further advantageous embodiments of the inventive arrangement for
Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Mediums sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass - die Mittel zum kontrollierten Führen und/oder Anströmen der Umgebungsluft als wenigstens ein regelbarer Lüfter ausgebildet sind, sofern das oder die Wärmetauscherrohre in einem oder mehreren, durch Luftleitbleche gebildeten Kanälen angeordnet sind, die Mittel zum kontrollierten Führen und/oder Anströmen der Umgebungsluft als wenigstens eine, dem oder wenigstens einem der Kanäle zugeordnete Klappe 8, die ein teilweises oder vollständiges Verschließen des Kanals ermöglicht, ausgebildet sind, das oder die Wärmetauscherrohre derart ausgeführt sind, dass sie Drücke bis zu 1000 bar aushalten, das oder die Wärmetauscherrohre zumindest teilweise aus einem Heating and / or cooling of a medium are characterized in that - the means for controlled guiding and / or flowing of the ambient air are designed as at least one controllable fan, provided that the one or more heat exchanger tubes are arranged in one or more channels formed by air baffles, the Means for controlled guiding and / or flowing of the ambient air as at least one, the or at least one of the channels associated flap 8, which allows a partial or complete closing of the channel are formed, which or the heat exchanger tubes are designed such that they are pressures up to Withstand 1000 bar, the or the heat exchanger tubes at least partially from a
Edelstahlmaterial bestehen, und Mittel zum kontrollierten Zuführen wenigstens eines Medienstromes zu dem entlang des oder der Wärmetauscherrohre geführten Umgebungsluftstromes vorgesehen sind. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Mediums sowie weitere Ausgestaltungen derselben seien nachfolgend anhand des in den Consist of stainless steel material, and Means are provided for the controlled feeding of at least one media stream to the ambient air stream guided along the one or more heat exchanger tubes. The arrangement according to the invention for heating and / or cooling a medium and further embodiments thereof are described below with reference to FIG
Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Figures 1 and 2 illustrated embodiment explained in more detail.
Hierbei zeigt die Figur 1 eine seitliche Schnittdarstellung durch das 1 shows a side sectional view through the
Ausführungsbeispiel, während die Figur 2 eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der strichpunktiert gezeichneten Linie A - A zeigt. Embodiment, while Figure 2 shows a sectional view along the dash-dotted line A - A shows.
Wie anhand der Figur 1 dargestellt, wird das mittels der erfindungsgemäßen As shown by the figure 1, the means of the invention
Anordnung abzukühlende und/oder anzuwärmende Medium über Leitung 1 dem Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher zugeführt. Dieser ist in Form mäanderförmig angeordneter Wärmetauscherrohre 2 ausgebildet. Durch diese wird das Medium durch den Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher geführt, bevor es über Leitung 3 aus der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung abgezogen wird. In der Praxis wird üblicherweise eine Vielzahl von Wärmetauscherrohren 2 vorgesehen, wie dies anhand der Figur 2 dargestellt ist. Grundsätzlich kann die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung bzw. der Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher jedoch auch nur ein einziges Wärmetauscherrohr aufweisen. Arrangement to be cooled and / or to be heated medium via line 1 to the ambient air heat exchanger. This is in the form of meandering arranged heat exchanger tubes 2. Through this, the medium is passed through the ambient air heat exchanger before it is withdrawn via line 3 from the inventive arrangement. In practice, a plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 is usually provided, as shown with reference to FIG. In principle, however, the arrangement according to the invention or the ambient air heat exchanger can also have only a single heat exchanger tube.
Insbesondere dann, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung von einem In particular, when the inventive arrangement of a
hochverdichteten Medium durchströmt wird - bspw. gasförmiger Wasserstoff unter einem Druck von bis zu 900 bar -, bestehen die Wärmetauscherrohre 2 vorzugsweise zumindest teilweise aus einem Edelstahlmaterial. high-pressure medium is flowed through - for example, gaseous hydrogen under a pressure of up to 900 bar -, the heat exchanger tubes 2 are preferably at least partially made of a stainless steel material.
Bei dem in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der mäanderförmig ausgebildete Bereich der Wärmetauscherrohre 2 nunmehr von einer zylinderförmigen Ummantelung bzw. Außenhülle 4 umgeben. Innerhalb dieser sind mehrere In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the figures, the meander-shaped region of the heat exchanger tubes 2 is now surrounded by a cylindrical casing or outer casing 4. Within these are several
Luftleitbleche 5 derart angeordnet, dass die Umgebungsluft im Wesentlichen parallel zu den Wärmetauscherrohren 2 strömt. Das Vorsehen der Luftleitbleche 5 dient insbesondere dazu, die vorerwähnten störenden Einflüsse im Falle zu gering beabstandeter Wärmetauscherrohre 2 zu vermeiden und eine individuelle Regelung der Luftströmung entlang der Wärmetauscherrohre 2 zu ermöglichen. Air baffles 5 arranged such that the ambient air flows substantially parallel to the heat exchanger tubes 2. The provision of the air baffles 5 serves in particular to the aforementioned disturbing influences in case too low to avoid spaced heat exchanger tubes 2 and to allow individual control of the air flow along the heat exchanger tubes 2.
Wie anhand der die Luftströmung darstellenden Pfeile gezeigt, werden die von der Außenhülle 4 sowie den Luftleitblechen 5 gebildeten Kanäle von der Umgebungsluft vorzugsweise von oben nach unten durchströmt. Mittels wenigstens eines Lüfters bzw. Ventilators V, der vorzugsweise von einem regelbaren Elektro-Motor M angetrieben wird, kann die Stärke der Luftströmung innerhalb der Außenhülle 4 bzw. der durch die Luftleitbleche 5 gebildeten Kanäle variiert werden. Alternativ zu dem in der Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel können auch mehrere, vorzugsweise den einzelnen Kanälen zugeordnete Lüfter vorgesehen werden. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können alle oder einzelne der durch die Luftleitbleche 5 gebildeten Kanäle mittels Klappen 8 teilweise und/oder vollständig verschlossen werden. Mittels des bzw. der Lüfter V kann darüber hinaus - zumindest zeitweilig - eine Strömungsgeschwindigkeit eingestellt werden, die es ermöglicht, dass die an den Wärmetauscherrohren 2 bzw. deren Fins anhaftenden Ausfrierungen von der As shown by the arrows showing the air flow, the channels formed by the outer shell 4 and the baffles 5 are preferably flowed through from the ambient air from top to bottom. By means of at least one fan or fan V, which is preferably driven by a controllable electric motor M, the strength of the air flow within the outer shell 4 and the channels formed by the baffles 5 can be varied. As an alternative to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, it is also possible to provide a plurality of fans, preferably associated with the individual channels. Additionally or alternatively, all or some of the channels formed by the air baffles 5 can be partially and / or completely closed by means of flaps 8. By means of the or the fan V can also - at least temporarily - a flow rate can be adjusted, which allows that adhering to the heat exchanger tubes 2 and their fins frostbite of the
Luftströmung abgelöst und mitgenommen werden. Auf diese Weise kann ein Air flow detached and taken away. This way you can
Selbstreinigungseffekt der Wärmetauscherrohre 2 bzw. Fins realisiert werden. Self-cleaning effect of the heat exchanger tubes 2 and Fins be realized.
Bei der in der Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG
Anordnung wird die entlang der Wärmetauscherrohre 2 geführte Umgebungsluft im unteren Bereich 6 der bzw. unterhalb der Außenhülle 4 nach außen geführt und über einen Ringkanal - dieser wird durch eine weitere zylinderförmige Ummantelung 7, die die erstgenannte zylinderförmige Ummantelung 4 umgibt, gebildet - nach oben abgezogen. Diese Ausführung dient dazu, die sehr kalte Umgebungsluft, die eine Nebelbildung verursachen kann, nicht ungehindert abströmen zu lassen, da dies u. U. zu einer Sichtbehinderung und damit Gefährdung von in der Nähe stehenden Arrangement, the guided along the heat exchanger tubes 2 ambient air in the lower portion 6 of the outer shell 4 and out to the outside and via an annular channel - this is through a further cylindrical shell 7, which surrounds the first-mentioned cylindrical shell 4, formed - deducted upwards , This design serves to prevent the very cold ambient air, which can cause fogging, to flow unhindered, since this u. U. to a visual obstruction and thus endangerment of standing nearby
Personen führen kann. Der kalte Luftstrom wird daher mittels entsprechender Persons can lead. The cold air flow is therefore by means of appropriate
Führungsbleche um 180 Grad umgelenkt und am oberen Ende der zylinderförmigen Ummantelung 7 in sicherer Höhe an die Umgebung abgegeben. Guide plates deflected by 180 degrees and discharged at the upper end of the cylindrical casing 7 at a safe height to the environment.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Mediums weiterbildend wird vorgeschlagen, dass Mittel zum kontrollierten Zuführen wenigstens eines Medienstromes zu dem entlang des oder der Wärmetauscherrohre geführten Umgebungsluftstromes vorgesehen sind. Mittels dieser Ausgestaltung kann dem zugeführten Umgebungsluftstrom zusätzliche Wärme oder Kälte - bspw. aus der Abwärme anderer Kühleinrichtungen einer Wasserstoff-Tankstelle bzw. eines The arrangement according to the invention for heating and / or cooling a medium further developing, it is proposed that means for the controlled feeding of at least one media stream to the guided along the or the heat exchanger tubes Ambient air flow are provided. By means of this configuration, the supplied ambient air flow additional heat or cold - eg. From the waste heat of other cooling devices of a hydrogen filling station or a
Wasserstoff-Betankungsprozesses - zugeführt und dadurch der Abkühl- und/oder Anwärmprozess unterstützt werden. Hydrogen refueling process - supplied and thereby the cooling and / or warming process are supported.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Mediums schafft eine konstruktiv vergleichsweise einfache sowie kostengünstige Methode zur Anwärmung bzw. Abkühlung von Medien, insbesondere von verdichtetem Wasserstoff, wie er beispielsweise in Wasserstoff-Tankstellen nach der Entnahme aus dem The inventive arrangement for heating and / or cooling a medium creates a structurally comparatively simple and cost-effective method for heating or cooling of media, in particular compressed hydrogen, such as in hydrogen filling stations after removal from the
Vorratsbehälter der Tankstelle und anschließender Verdichtung mittels einer Reservoir of the gas station and subsequent compression by means of a
Kryopumpe vorliegt. Cryopump is present.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Anordnung zum Anwärmen und/oder Abkühlen eines Mediums, aufweisend einen Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher, über den das Medium in einem oder mehreren Wärmetauscherrohren gegen Umgebungsluft angewärmt und/oder abgekühlt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Umgebungsluft-Wärmetauscher Mittel zum kontrollierten Führen und/oder Anströmen der Umgebungsluft entlang des oder mindestens einem der Wärmetauscherrohre (2) aufweist, wobei die Mittel zum kontrollierten Führen und/oder Anströmen der Umgebungsluft derart ausgebildet sind, dass sie eine variable bzw. regelbare Beeinflussung der 1. Arrangement for heating and / or cooling a medium, comprising an ambient air heat exchanger, via which the medium is warmed and / or cooled in one or more heat exchanger tubes against ambient air and / or cooled, characterized in that the ambient air heat exchanger means for controlled guiding and / or flow of ambient air along the or at least one of the heat exchanger tubes (2), wherein the means for controlled guiding and / or influx of the ambient air are designed such that they have a variable or controllable influence
Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, -richtung und/oder -Intensität der Umgebungsluft ermöglichen.  Allow flow rate, direction and / or intensity of the ambient air.
2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for
kontrollierten Führen und/oder Anströmen der Umgebungsluft als wenigstens ein regelbarer Lüfter (V, M) ausgebildet sind.  controlled guiding and / or influx of ambient air as at least one controllable fan (V, M) are formed.
3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das oder die Wärmetauscherrohre in einem oder mehreren, durch Luftleitbleche gebildeten Kanälen angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum kontrollierten Führen und/oder3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more heat exchanger tubes are arranged in one or more channels formed by baffles, characterized in that the means for controlled guiding and / or
Anströmen der Umgebungsluft als wenigstens eine, dem oder wenigstens einem der Kanäle zugeordnete Klappe 8, die ein teilweises oder vollständiges Influx of the ambient air as at least one, the or at least one of the channels associated flap 8, which is a partial or complete
Verschließen des Kanals ermöglicht, ausgebildet sind.  Closing the channel allows, are formed.
4. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oder die Wärmetauscherrohre (2) derart ausgeführt sind, dass sie Drücke bis zu 1000 bar aushalten. 4. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the one or more heat exchanger tubes (2) are designed such that they can withstand pressures up to 1000 bar.
5. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oder die Wärmetauscherrohre (2) zumindest teilweise aus einem Edelstahlmaterial bestehen. 5. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the or the heat exchanger tubes (2) at least partially made of a stainless steel material.
6. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mittel zum kontrollierten Zuführen wenigstens eines Medienstromes zu dem entlang des oder der Wärmetauscherrohre (2) geführten Umgebungsluftstromes vorgesehen sind. 6. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that means for the controlled feeding of at least one media stream to the along the or the heat exchanger tubes (2) guided ambient air flow are provided.
EP10745152A 2009-09-03 2010-08-06 System for heating and/or cooling a medium Withdrawn EP2473791A2 (en)

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DE102016010996A1 (en) * 2016-09-10 2018-03-15 Andreas Hofer Hochdrucktechnik Gmbh cooler
US10533772B2 (en) 2017-02-01 2020-01-14 Trane International Inc. Movable air-flow guide vane for a furnace
CN108224778B (en) * 2017-12-29 2019-09-03 广东瑞庆热能科技有限公司 A kind of steam-heating system and its method based on heat medium water

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