Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
  • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
  • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
  • C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
  • C04B2103/0057—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics added as redispersable powders
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
  • C04B2111/1006—Absence of well-defined organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
  • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L23/16—Ethylene-propylene or ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L23/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
  • C08L23/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
  • C08L23/22—Copolymers of isobutene; Butyl rubber; Homopolymers or copolymers of other iso-olefins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
  • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
  • C08L25/06—Polystyrene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a bitumen-free building material composition, in particular a sealant (sealant), and their use, in particular for the purposes of structural waterproofing, and a corresponding method for protecting or sealing of structures or components using such a building material composition.
• cementitious systems or mineral sealing slurries have the advantage of being environmentally friendly, they are only poorly processable or coatable so that they are not suitable for thick-layer application on vertical surfaces, such as walls. Consequently, in the structural waterproofing, both for waterproofing and for protection of structures and structures in contact with the earth, such as basement outer walls, damp rooms, retaining walls and the like, as well as in the roofing, currently primarily bituminous seals, for example based on Bitumendickbetik or, in particular Case of roof waterproofing, also based on bituminous membranes, used.
• bituminous thick coatings of the prior art can in principle be used in one- or two-component form.
• One-component bitumen thick coatings cure or film purely physically by evaporation of water or solvents
• two-component Bitumendickbe Anlagenungen usually consist of a base component based on a generally ionic bitumen emulsion and a hardener component, wherein as a hardener component usually a mixture of fillers, such as.
• quartz sand and Portland cement and / or calcium aluminate cement can be used.
• bitumen While the use of bitumen is relatively inexpensive, bitumen is now considered to be carcinogenic to humans in both vapor and aerosol forms, so there is a possibility that bitumen could also be classified as carcinogenic in the future, leading to the use of bitumen would then oppose the purposes of structural waterproofing. In addition, clean working with bitumen products is difficult. Equipment and other contact surfaces that come into contact with the bitumen products are difficult to clean.
• the DE 44 16 570 A1 relates to an elastic molding and / or sealing compound made of recycled old rubber material and / or soft plastic parts for use as wear layers, protective surfaces, composite bodies or the like.
• the elastic molding and / or sealing compound consists of 0.1 to 0.8 parts rubber granules of different grain sizes up to 2 mm diameter, which is bound with about 0.9 to 0.2 parts of water-soluble acrylate dispersion including additives.
• the molding and / or sealant must be sequentially compacted in small volume units before its application under dynamically changing pressure up to 10 bar, which is detrimental in relation to a practical application.
• a significantly improved bitumen-free sealing compound is used in the WO 2007/054148 A1 disclosed.
• the sealing compound contains, in addition to a polymer dispersion or a corresponding redispersion powder, polystyrene particles, hollow ceramic microspheres and synthetic hollow microspheres organic polymers and optionally at least one binder.
• the sealing compounds are characterized by excellent sealing properties and in particular a very low shrinkage during drying and curing. As a result, neither crack formation in the sealing layer nor undesired dimensional changes occurs after the application of the sealing compounds.
• these positive properties are due to the combination of the three components polystyrene particles, ceramic hollow microspheres and synthetic micro hollow balls based on organic polymers.
• Another disadvantage of ceramic hollow microspheres is that they often absorb moisture from the environment. This deteriorates the shelf life of respective sealants and may also adversely affect the long term stability and moisture resistance of sealant layers made therefrom.
• the problem underlying the present invention is thus to provide a bitumen-free building material composition which is suitable as a sealant or sealing compound in the structural waterproofing, in particular on the one hand excellent sealing properties and a very low shrinkage in the drying and curing achieved and on the other hand, the disadvantages described above the use of ceramic hollow microspheres are avoided.
• the sealing compounds or sealing layers obtainable therefrom should continue to be particularly easy to process and spray, and as UV-resistant and weather-resistant as possible. It has now surprisingly been found that bitumen-free building material compositions with excellent properties can be obtained free from hollow ceramic microspheres, if particles of vulcanized natural rubber, vulcanized synthetic rubber, thermoplastic rubber or mixtures thereof are added to these particles.
• a combination of the aforementioned ingredients leads to a bitumen-free building material composition, which is outstandingly suitable for building waterproofing and in addition to excellent sealing properties in particular an excellent shrinkage behavior after their order has the effect that at least substantially no shrinkage during drying and curing is observed. This will be explained below.
• the use of particles of vulcanized natural rubber, vulcanized synthetic rubber, thermoplastic rubber or mixtures thereof contributes significantly to the ease of processing of the building material composition. In addition, it has a positive effect on the weathering stability and UV resistance of coatings produced therefrom.
• the building material compositions are very easy to process and can usually be mechanically, e.g. be applied by means of appropriate spray equipment. Compared to bituminous sealants, devices and other surfaces that come into contact with the building material composition during processing are much easier to clean.
• An essential component of the building material composition according to the invention is a polymer dispersion or a corresponding redispersion powder.
• polymer dispersion is a collective term for dispersions (latices) of finely divided, natural and / or synthetic polymers, usually in aqueous, more rarely nonaqueous dispersants.
• dispersions latices
• a polymer dispersion is preferably used.
• a corresponding redispersible, in particular water-dispersible, dispersion powder based on the same polymers, from which the polymer dispersion can then be obtained by mixing with the appropriate dispersing medium, preferably water.
• the appropriate dispersing medium preferably water.
• redispersion powders are known to those skilled in the art and are also commercially available, for. From the companies Wacker, Celanese, Rhodia, Elotex, Dow Chemical, BASF, Vinavil, Unimex etc., so here It is not necessary to go into further details regarding the technology of redispersible powders.
• the redispersion powders used according to the invention are in particular those based on preferably aqueous redispersible emulsion polymers.
• the polymer dispersion used according to the invention is a plastic dispersion.
• a non-epoxy resin-based polymer dispersion preferably a non-epoxy resin-based polymer dispersion, is preferably used according to the invention.
• the polymer dispersion used according to the invention is moreover ionically modified, preferably anionically modified.
• Polymer dispersions preferably used according to the invention are formulated as an aqueous-based or aqueous dispersion system. It is of course possible that the dispersion system is obtained by mixing at least two different aqueous polymer dispersions.
• the polymer dispersions used according to the invention usually have a solids content according to DIN ISO 1625-D of from 30 to 75% by weight, in particular from 45 to 70% by weight, preferably from 55 to 65% by weight, based on the polymer dispersion.
• the polymer particles of the polymer dispersions used according to the invention have particle sizes (particle diameter), in particular average particle sizes, of 0.001 to 5 ⁇ m, in particular 0.01 to 3 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05 to 2 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m , wherein the particle sizes are determined by the method of dynamic laser light scattering using the commercially available Malvern Zetasizer.
• Polymer dispersions preferred according to the invention have a pH according to DIN ISO 976 of generally from 2.5 to 10.5, more preferably from 2.5 to 9.0.
• polymer dispersions at 23 ° C have a viscosity according to DIN ISO 2555 of 10 to 2000 mPa ⁇ s, in particular 100 to 2000 mPa ⁇ s.
• polymer dispersions preferably used according to the invention have a density in accordance with DIN 53217, ISO 2811 of 0.9 to 1.2 g / cm 3 , in particular 0.95 to 1.1 g / cm 3 .
• polymer dispersions preferably used according to the invention have a minimum film formation temperature according to DIN ISO 2115 below 5 ° C., in particular below 1 ° C.
• the films obtainable from the polymer dispersion used according to the invention have a glass transition temperature T g (DSC) below -5 ° C., in particular in the range from -5 ° C. to -50 ° C., preferably -15 ° C to -40 ° C, more preferably -20 ° C to -30 ° C;
• T g glass transition temperature
• the films obtainable from the polymer dispersion used according to the invention have a breaking strength (based on DIN 53455) of at least 0.1 N / mm 2 , in particular at least 0.2 N / mm 2 , and / or a Elongation at break (based on DIN 53455) of at least 1000%, preferably at least 2000%.
• Alkali-resistant or saponification-stable polymer dispersions or polymers are usually used according to the invention.
• the polymer dispersions used are preferably aqueous polymer dispersions of a polymer or of a mixture of at least two polymers.
• the polymers or the mixture of two or more polymers are preferably free-radically polymerized polymers, as can be obtained, in particular, from ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
• the polymer preferably contains so-called main monomers, in particular selected from C 1 -C 20 -alkyl (meth) acrylates, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids containing up to 20 C atoms, vinylaromatics having up to 20 C atoms, ethylenically unsaturated nitriles, vinyl halides, non-aromatic hydrocarbons having at least 2 conjugated double bonds or mixtures of these monomers.
• main monomers in particular selected from C 1 -C 20 -alkyl (meth) acrylates, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids containing up to 20 C atoms, vinylaromatics having up to 20 C atoms, ethylenically unsaturated nitriles, vinyl halides, non-aromatic hydrocarbons having at least 2 conjugated double bonds or mixtures of these monomers.
• main monomers in particular selected from C 1 -C 20 -alkyl (meth) acrylates, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids
• alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate with a C 1 -C 12 alkyl radical such as methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
• polymers are also suitable which can be obtained by polymerization of mixtures of alkyl acrylates and / or alkyl methacrylates.
• the vinyl esters of carboxylic acids having 1 to 20 carbon atoms are also suitable.
• suitable polymers according to the invention are suitable, for.
• vinyl laurate vinyl stearate, vinyl propionate, Versatklarevinylester or vinyl acetate or mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned compounds.
• Suitable vinylaromatic compounds are, for example, vinyltoluene, ⁇ - and p-methylstyrene, ⁇ -butylstyrene, 4-n-butylstyrene, 4-n-decylstyrene and styrene.
• suitable nitriles are acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
• Vinyl halides for example chloro, fluoro or bromo substituted, ethylenically unsaturated compounds, such as vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride or mixtures thereof, are likewise suitable for the preparation of polymers which are suitable according to the invention.
• suitable polymers are also suitable non-aromatic hydrocarbons having 4 to 8 carbon atoms and at least two olefinic double bonds, such as butadiene, isoprene, and chloroprene.
• wt .-% from 0 to 40 wt .-%, preferably from 0 to 20 wt .-% and particularly preferably from 0.2 to 10 wt .-% may be contained in the polymer or polymers, in particular C 1 -C 10 - Hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylamide and its substituted on the nitrogen with C 1 -C 4 alkyl derivatives, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, their half-esters and anhydrides, eg. B. (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, Maleic acid and fumaric acid half esters and itaconic acid.
• the abbreviated form (meth) acrylic denotes in each case methacrylic, acrylic and systems which have methacrylic and acrylic units.
• polymer dispersions or corresponding redispersible powders based on vinyl-, (meth) -acrylic, styrene-, butadiene- and / or ethylene-based polymers, where the term polymers is to be understood according to the invention and not just polymers in the narrower sense but also includes copolymers, terpolymers, etc.
• polymer dispersions or corresponding redispersion powders which are vinyl-based or (meth) acrylate-based, such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl laurate, vinyl versatate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and / or straight-chain or branched vinyl esters having 1 to 20 C atoms, acrylic - And methacrylic monomers (especially esters), styrene, butadiene and / or ethylene are constructed.
• Dispersions based on (meth) acrylate copolymers, styrene / (meth) acrylate copolymers, styrene / butadiene copolymers and / or vinyl acetate / ethylene copolymers are preferably used as polymer dispersions.
• polymer dispersions of styrene / (meth) acrylate copolymers for example Acronal® DS 5011, Acronal® DS 3511 and Vinagen LAS 4055 ZF from BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwighafen, Mowilith LDM 6482 from Celanese, Frankfurt , Revacryl 123 and Revacryl 387 of Synthomer GmbH, Lipaton XA 491 from the company Polymerlatex, Marl) or (meth) acrylate copolymers (eg Plextol X4002 Fa.
• styrene / (meth) acrylate copolymers for example Acronal® DS 5011, Acronal® DS 3511 and Vinagen LAS 4055 ZF from BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwighafen, Mowilith LDM 6482 from Celanese, Frankfurt , Revacryl 123 and Revacryl 387 of Synthomer GmbH, Lipaton XA 491 from the company Polymerlatex, Marl) or (meth)
• the abovementioned polymer dispersions contain no epoxy resins. As a result, they are environmentally friendly and more practical or easier to process and handle. In addition, the price of the building material composition according to the invention compared to epoxy resin-based systems is thereby significantly reduced.
• the building material compositions contain the polymer dispersion or the redispersible powder, for example, in an amount of 1 to 95% by weight, preferably 10 to 80% by weight, particularly preferably 15 to 60% by weight and very particularly preferably 15 to 50% by weight. , each calculated on the dry weight of the polymer and based on the total weight of the building material composition.
• the polystyrene particles used according to the invention may be present in particular in the form of so-called polystyrene beads or polystyrene beads or in the form of polystyrene granules.
• the polystyrene particles can be recycled material, which is obtained, for example, by comminution and optionally purification of polystyrene plates or other polystyrene molded articles.
• the resulting polystyrene particles may be very uniformly shaped and predominantly present as beads or globules.
• irregularly shaped polystyrene particles can also be formed with a correspondingly high mechanical load.
• Polystyrene particles preferably used according to the invention have particle sizes (particle diameter) in the range from 0.1 to 3.0 mm, in particular 0.2 to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm, and have bulk densities in accordance with DIN EN 459- 2 generally from 5 to 30 g / l, especially 7.5 to 15 g / l, preferably 10 to 13 g / l.
• the polystyrene particles may be formed from expandable and / or expanded and / or extruded polystyrene.
• Expandable polystyrene generally contains at least one suitable blowing agent, preferably an alkane, in particular pentane and / or pentane isomers.
• Polystyrene particles which are particularly preferred according to the invention are sold, for example, under the name "NOVA Chemicals®” by NOVA Brands Ltd. available.
• the building material compositions contain the polystyrene particles, for example, in an amount of 0.005 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.05 to 2.5 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 2.0 wt .-%, each based on the total weight the building material composition.
• bitumen-free building material compositions of the present invention further contain gum particles, i. Vulcanized natural or synthetic rubber particles, thermoplastic rubber particles or mixtures thereof.
• particles are used which are obtained by recycling corresponding waste rubbers.
• particles of vulcanized natural rubber (NR), vulcanized synthetic rubber particles or particles of blends of these rubber types are used, with particles of a vulcanized NR / SBR rubber blend and / or a vulcanized EPM / EPDM rubber blend being particularly preferred.
• NR vulcanized natural rubber
• SBR vulcanized rubber
• EPM vulcanized EPM / EPDM rubber blend
• the particles of vulcanized natural rubber, vulcanized synthetic rubber, thermoplastic rubber or mixtures thereof are preferably corresponding powders and / or granules having particle sizes of 0.01 to 3.0 mm, preferably 0.01 to 1.5 mm, especially preferably 0.01 to 0.7 mm, wherein the particle sizes are determined by sieve analysis on a Retsch analytical sieve AS 200 control according to prEN14243.
• Finely ground granules of a vulcanized NR / SBR rubber mixture and / or a vulcanized EPM / EPDM rubber mixture are particularly preferred, the particles preferably having particle sizes of from 0.01 to 1.5 mm, particularly preferably particle sizes of from 0.01 to 0.7 mm , each determined by sieve analysis on a Retsch analysis sieve AS 200 control according prEN14243 have.
• the particles of a vulcanized NR / SBR rubber mixture can be produced, for example, by mechanical comminution of waste tires, preferably truck tires, and are commercially available in various variants, for example under the name of rubber flour.
• the particles of a vulcanized EPM / EPDM rubber compound can be prepared, for example, by mechanical comminution of technical EPM / EPDM waste and are commercially available, for example, under the name EPM / EPDM granules or EPM / EPDM flour.
• the particles of vulcanized natural rubber, vulcanized synthetic rubber, thermoplastic rubber or mixtures thereof used have bulk densities of 100 to 600 g / l, in particular 250 to 500 g / l, preferably 350 to 500 g / l exhibit.
• the building material compositions contain the particles of vulcanized natural rubber, vulcanized synthetic rubber, thermoplastic rubber or mixtures thereof, for example in an amount of 0.01 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 30 wt .-%, particularly preferably 5 to 30 wt. % and most preferably 10 to 25 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the building material composition.
• the synthetic hollow microspheres used according to the invention are based on organic polymers.
• organic polymers based on monomers from the group of vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile and / or methyl (meth) acrylates, preferably vinylidene chloride / acrylonitrile copolymers, are used.
• such products are described, for example, by Akzo Nobel under the name "Expancel®”, e.g. "Expancel® WE”, or sold by the company Sika Addiment GmbH.
• such synthetic hollow microspheres may also be formed on the basis of phenolic resins (eg products from the company Asia Pacific Microspheres Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia).
• Synthetic hollow microspheres based on vinylidene chloride / acrylonitrile copolymers or based on polymers which are based on the monomers vinylidene chloride and / or acrylonitrile and / or methyl (meth) acrylates are preferred according to the invention.
• the synthetic hollow microspheres used according to the invention generally have particle sizes (particle diameter) of 1 to 300 .mu.m, in particular 1 to 200 .mu.m, preferably 5 to 150 .mu.m, more preferably 5 to 100 .mu.m, and / or average particle sizes of 10 to 100 .mu.m, in particular 20 to 80 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 60 ⁇ m, as determined by means of laser diffraction / small-angle laser light scattering using a Malvern Mastersizer 200.
• the synthetic hollow microspheres which can be used according to the invention can be present, for example, in expandable and / or expanded form.
• Such synthetic hollow microspheres, in particular in expandable form may contain a propellant, preferably an alkane, in particular pentane and / or pentane isomers, the propellant, upon heating above a certain temperature, bringing the expandable spheres to expansion and thus to the final particle size.
• a propellant preferably an alkane, in particular pentane and / or pentane isomers
• Synthetic hollow microspheres preferably used according to the invention have a solids content of 5 to 20% by volume, in particular 7 to 17% by volume, based on the synthetic hollow microspheres. The remaining portion is accounted for by the shell material enclosed cavity.
• the synthetic hollow microspheres are in the building material compositions preferably in an amount of 0.005 to 30 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.01 to 15 wt .-%, more preferably 0.1 to 10 wt .-% and most preferably 1 to 5 Wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the building material composition.
• the building material compositions according to the invention are free of bitumen and ceramic hollow microspheres.
• bitumen and ceramic hollow microspheres contained in a maximum amount of 10 ppm.
• the building material compositions according to the invention each contain a maximum of 1 ppm of bitumen and ceramic hollow microspheres, more preferably they contain no bitumen and no ceramic hollow microspheres.
• the building material composition according to the invention may, in addition to the ingredients described above, optionally contain at least one inorganic binder.
• inorganic binder is understood to mean, in particular, a collective term for such inorganic substances which combine the same or different substances with one another.
• the function of inorganic binders is not primarily to bind the composition. Rather, the inorganic binder is used to bind excess water, which is not removed by a physical process, in particular by evaporation, during drying.
• inorganic binders which can be used are hydraulic, latent-hydraulic, pozzolanic or non-hydraulic inorganic binders, in particular hydraulic and latent-hydraulic inorganic binders, particularly preferably hydraulic inorganic binders.
• inorganic binders suitable according to the invention may be selected from the group of cements; Lime; white lime; Calcium sulfates such as anhydrite and gypsum; ground slags, such as blastfurnace slag; Filter ash; and mixtures of the aforementioned compounds.
• a cement is used as the inorganic binder.
• this term is used extensively in the context of the present invention and refers in particular to finely ground hydraulic binders, ie. H. such mineral substances, which harden stone-like with absorption of water in air and even under water and are water-resistant after hardening.
• Cements consist predominantly of calcium silicates, calcium aluminates and calcium ferrites, which are formed during the "burning" of raw materials (eg limestone, clay, limestone, clay marl etc.) at temperatures of up to approx. 1,500 ° C in clinker.
• the essential properties of the cements depend on the composition of the raw materials, the proportion of the components to be ground and the fineness of the grinding.
• the cement is selected from the group of calcium aluminate cements, calcium sulfoaluminate cements, Portland cements, Portland composite cements, blast furnace cements, and mixtures thereof.
• the inorganic binder used can be a mixture of at least two mutually different hydraulic inorganic binders, in particular cements, particularly preferably a mixture of calcium aluminate cement and Portland cement and / or Portland composite cement.
• the inorganic binder in particular the cement, performs a dual function: First, the inorganic binder "breaks" the polymer dispersion, so to speak, so that after application of the building material composition according to the invention can use a filmization process, and on the other binds Inorganic binder excess water, which is not removed by a physical process, in particular by evaporation, during drying.
• the inventively used inorganic binder causes increased strength or improved cohesion, in particular increased early stability, the applied building material composition after their application or application.
• the inorganic binders are in the building material compositions preferably in an amount of 0.05 to 90 wt .-%, more preferably 2.5 to 80 wt .-%, more preferably 5 to 60 wt .-% and most preferably 10 to 55 Wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the building material composition.
• the building material composition according to the present invention may also contain other ingredients and / or additives. These may in particular be selected from the group of wetting agents, defoamers, preservatives, thickeners, plasticizers, inorganic fillers, mineral additives, solidification inhibitors, solidification accelerators, fibers, plasticizers, water repellents, pigments, etc., as well as mixtures of the abovementioned substances.
• an additional thickener for adjusting the flowability or viscosity is added to the building material composition according to the invention, advantageously (meth) acrylic acid polymers and their esters, (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and their esters, butadiene-acrylate copolymers, butadiene Styrene copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, polyurethanes, methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylcelluloses and their mixed ethers and / or silicic acid, preferably (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymers and mixtures thereof with methylcellulose ethers.
• the application properties of the building material composition in particular its mechanical stability after curing, can be influenced.
• any fibers can be used, with mineral fibers and natural and synthetic synthetic fibers being considered equally.
• polyolefin fibers such as.
• polyethylene or polypropylene fibers or cellulose fibers used.
• the building material compositions may contain the fibers in particular in amounts of up to 2 wt .-%, preferably in amounts of up to 1 wt .-%, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1 wt .-%, based on the construction chemical products ,
• Preferably used fibers have fiber lengths in the range of 50 to 5,000 .mu.m, in particular 50 to 500 .mu.m.
• the building material composition according to the invention can be formulated as a one-component system (1-component system) or as a two-component system (2-component system).
• the formulation is preferred as a two-component system. It is also conceivable, however, a three- or multi-component system.
• This formulation is suitable, for example, for an application of the building material composition in the decorative area. So may be provided as the third component colorants such as colored sand or pigments, but also colored rubber particles and / or a liquid coloring component, for example in the form of a commercially available tinting.
• one or more different colorant components in a different amount and blend can be added to the other components of the building material composition before it is used.
• the building material composition according to the invention can be present as a 1-K dry system or 1-component powder system or else as a 1-component liquid system.
• the building material composition is preferably in the form of a 1-K dry system or 1-component powder system, ie. H. consists exclusively of a single solid component or of a single mixture of solids, which is then mixed with the required amount of water before use.
• the polymer component used here is a redispersion powder of the aforementioned type.
• the polymer component used is usually a polymer dispersion and are polymer dispersion on the one hand and optionally present inorganic binder on the other hand advantageously in different components before, wherein the polymer dispersion is generally part of a liquid component, whereas the inorganic binder is basically part of a solid or powder component or a liquid component, but preferably is part of a solid or powder component ,
• the corresponding redispersion powder instead of the polymer dispersion, but this is less preferred according to the invention.
• the preferred 2K system according to the invention is described below exclusively on the basis of the polymer dispersion, it being understood by the person skilled in the art that instead of the polymer dispersion it can also use the corresponding redispersible powder if this is done with the appropriate amount of water before use.
• the particles can be present in vulcanized natural rubber, vulcanized synthetic rubber, thermoplastic rubber or mixtures thereof in component 1 or component 2 , It is also possible that some of the particles are present in the 1st component and the remaining part in the 2nd component. Preferably, however, the particles are present in the component containing the inorganic binder. As already stated, this is preferably a solid or powder component.
• component (A) contains the particles of vulcanized natural rubber, vulcanized synthetic rubber, thermoplastic rubber or mixtures thereof.
• the proportion of inorganic binder may in this case be up to 100% by weight and is preferably from 0.01 to 100% by weight.
• component (B) may comprise a dispersant, in particular a dispersant inert to the inorganic binder, which may in particular be selected from the group of organic solvents , such as organic hydrocarbons, oils, especially mineral and paraffin oils, plasticizers and the like, wherein the boiling point or the boiling range of these organic compounds should be at least 200 ° C at atmospheric pressure.
• a dispersant in particular a dispersant inert to the inorganic binder
• the amount of dispersant (s) in component (B) in this embodiment can vary widely; In particular, it is 1 to 100 parts by weight, in particular 5 to 50 parts by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight.
• the component (A) on the one hand and the component (B) on the other hand can each be used in variable mixing ratios.
• the mixing ratio of (A): (B) in the range of 30: 1 to 1: 2 parts by weight, in particular 10: 1 to 1: 2 parts by weight, preferably 4: 1 to 1: 2 wt. Parts, preferably 3: 1 to 1: 2 parts by weight vary.
• the mixing ratio (A): (B) is about 1: 1 parts by weight.
• the two components (A) and (B) are advantageously brought into contact immediately prior to use, in particular mixed together or homogenized, so that an intimate or homogeneous mixture of components (A) and (B) is present in the application.
• Component (B) may advantageously be added to inorganic fillers or mineral additives ("heavy fillers” or “heavy additives”).
• the liquid component (A) generally has a density of 0.4 to 1.0 kg / l, in particular 0.5 to 0.8 kg / l, preferably 0.5 to 0.6 kg / l
• component (B), in particular as solid component (B) has a density of 0.8 to 2.5 kg / l, in particular 1.0 to 2.0 kg / l, preferably 1.0 to 1, 3 kg / l.
• the density of the solid component (B) should be at least 1.5 times, in particular at least 1.7 times, in particular at least twice, the density of the liquid component (A). This allows a fast and homogeneous, in particular low-dust mixing or mixing of the two components before use.
• the fact that in the case of the two-component system, the polystyrene particles and the synthetic hollow microspheres are preferably present in the liquid component (A) has the advantage that segregation of these constituents does not take place. Rather, due to the large density difference - the heavy ingredients and aggregates are essentially in the solid component (B), while the light ingredients and aggregates are in the liquid component (A) - excellent miscibility of the two components (A) and (B ), which enables rapid application.
• bitumen-free building material composition according to the invention according to the invention has a number of advantages overall: On the one hand, because of the ingredients it is environmentally friendly and inexpensive, which favors its application. After its application as a sealant, it shows essentially no shrinkage.
• the building material composition according to the invention regardless of its formulation as a one-component, two-component or multi-component system - shows excellent sealing properties, as can usually be achieved only with bitumen-containing sealing compounds according to the prior art.
• the building material composition according to the invention meets the requirements set out in the aforementioned DIN 18195 for bitumen-containing sealing compounds and in the corresponding guidelines for cementitious or mineral sealing slurries and for plastic-modified bituminous thick coatings.
• the building material composition according to the invention is suitable for building waterproofing, in particular in the area in contact with the earth, but also for the roof sealing.
• the building material composition according to the invention is also thick-layered, and even on vertical walls, processable or orderable. Stable layers on vertical surfaces of up to 10 to 15 mm layer thickness can be achieved.
• the building material composition of the invention although produced on the basis of relatively expensive polymer dispersions, has been developed at the same price level as bituminous emulsions. Furthermore, it is surprising that in the case of a two-component formulation the building material composition according to the invention is to be mixed very rapidly, in particular without great dust formation (that is to say mixing the liquid component with the powder component). Furthermore, it is surprising that even in higher layer thicknesses a virtually shrinkage-free hardening of the seal takes place; This is particularly important and provides a high level of safety, as it can not occur as a result of shrinkage cracks, which would inevitably lead to leaks.
• the substantially shrinkage-free drying or curing can be illustrated, for example, as follows: If the building material composition according to the invention is applied in the wet state with a layer thickness of, for example, about 3 mm, a coating results which, even in the dried or hardened state, has a layer thickness of the same order of magnitude (ie, of about 3 mm); As a result, an excellent cohesion of the seal according to the invention is achieved while avoiding any shrinkage cracks.
• the shrinkage or shrinkage is when using the building material compositions according to the invention usually not more than 8 to 10%.
• prior art sealing systems generally show shrinkage or shrinkage of about 20 to 25% upon drying. For example, when systems of the prior art are applied in the wet state with a layer thickness of 4 mm, sealing layers in the dry or cured state result in only 3 mm, which in practice leads to significant cracking, if this phenomenon is not used sufficiently considered.
• the aforementioned special features are based on the specific formulation of the building material composition according to the invention, in particular in the combination of a generally aqueous polymer dispersion with a combination of special lightweight aggregates, namely polystyrene particles and synthetic hollow microspheres, and particles of vulcanized natural rubber, vulcanized synthetic rubber, thermoplastic rubber or mixtures from that.
• the Applicant has surprisingly found that can be dispensed with by the use of said rubber particles on the disadvantageous addition of hollow ceramic microspheres. According to the prior art, the latter is absolutely necessary in order to achieve the effects described above.
• a further advantage of the present invention can be seen in the fact that it is generally possible to dispense with a plasticizer or a plasticizer component (plasticizer).
• inventive bitumen-free building material composition in addition to excellent sealing properties, as they can usually only be achieved with bitumen-containing sealing compounds - so in particular an excellent shrinkage behavior after the order.
• the building material compositions according to the invention are also ideally suited for decorative sealing in the visible range with appropriate composition.
• the building material composition can easily coloring fillers, such as colored sand or pigments, but also colored rubber particles or liquid coloring components, such as commercially available tinting be added. In this way it is very easy to obtain building material compositions and sealing layers of different colors produced therefrom.
• lightweight aggregates may also be added.
• These lightweight aggregates typically have densities of less than 2000 kg / m 3 , preferably less than 1500 kg / m 3 , most preferably less than 1200 kg / m 3 or even less than 1000 kg / m 3 .
• lightweight aggregates In the selection of lightweight aggregates is to ensure that according to the invention no ceramic hollow microspheres are used and as other lightweight aggregates naturally only those lightweight aggregates come into question that do not have the disadvantages of ceramic hollow microspheres, in particular so stable that when incorporated into the building material composition and Processing of the building material composition can not come to a mechanical crushing and formation of sharp-edged fragments.
• the building material composition according to the invention is formulated as a 1-component powder system or as a multicomponent system with at least one powder component
• the building material composition or powder component in the dry state may tend to form considerable dust.
• the corresponding composition contains larger amounts of the inorganic binder.
• the corresponding compositions may therefore further contain at least one dust-reducing additive (also referred to interchangeably as “dust-reducing agent”, “dust-reducing additive” or “dedusting additive”). Dusting additives based on hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures are preferably used. These cause a long-term dedusting in relation to the hereby treated compositions, which is retained both in closed storage and in open storage, especially under atmospheric oxygen.
• liquid hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures are used as dedusting additives.
• this has the advantage that liquid application forms can be applied better to the compositions to be dedusted and the application is more homogeneous than in the case of solid dedusting additives and You can also manage with smaller amounts than in the case of solid dedusting additives.
• the adhesion of liquid additives or additive mixtures is improved compared to solid forms with respect to the compositions to be treated. Therefore, under normal conditions, liquid hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures are preferably used as dedusting additives.
• Particularly suitable aliphatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures in particular linear or branched, preferably linear, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, preferably saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, are used as dedusting additives based on hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures which can be used according to the invention.
• the aliphatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures preferably used may contain certain aromatic constituents, in particular aromatic hydrocarbons; This is especially the case when technical hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures are used, for.
• technical mineral oils often contain aromatic components.
• the aromatics content based on the total hydrocarbons or total hydrocarbon mixtures used, should advantageously not exceed 30% by weight, preferably 20% by weight, preferably 17.5% by weight, particularly preferably 15% by weight.
• the hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures used as dedusting additives preferably have boiling points or boiling ranges in the order of 100 to 400 ° C, especially 150 to 350 ° C, preferably 200 to 300 ° C, on, in each case based on atmospheric pressure.
• Such hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, especially aliphatic hydrocarbons or mixtures of hydrocarbons (optionally with aromatic moieties as defined above) can be readily processed as dedusting additives with the compositions and have extremely low volatility so that a long-term dedusting effect is achieved rather than appreciable amounts Dusting additive be volatilized over a certain storage time.
• the abovementioned boiling points or boiling ranges relate in particular to the hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures which are liquid under standard conditions (25 ° C. and atmospheric pressure) in the total mixture used as dedusting additive.
• hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures used in the compositions or their powder component (s) according to the invention are preferably hydrocarbons having a carbon number between 10 and 40, preferably between 15 and 30.
• Preferably used hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures have densities in the range of 800 to 900 kg / m 3 , in particular 825 to 875 kg / m 3 , on.
• the hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures used as dedusting additives at a temperature of 107 ° C for a evaporation loss over 24 hours of less than 5 wt .-%, preferably less than 2 wt .-%, particularly preferably less than 1 % By weight, based on the hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures. In this way it is ensured that on the one hand a long-term dedusting is achieved and on the other hand, the treated compositions are at least substantially odorless or low odor, since hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures are released at best in very small amounts.
• the dedusting additives based on hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures may generally be used in amounts of from 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0 , 25 to 3 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the building material composition, are used.
• the above lower limits are in particular due to the fact that a significant dedusting effect is to be achieved, while the upper limits on the one hand due to the processing or application properties and on the other hand due to economic considerations, also with a view to technical feasibility. Nevertheless, depending on the application or the individual case, it may be necessary or desirable to deviate from the aforementioned values, which is at the discretion of the person skilled in the art.
• the present invention relates to the use of a building material composition according to the present invention as defined above for building waterproofing, in particular for sealing and / or protecting earth-contacting buildings and building components as well as roofs, in particular flat roofs, or for decorative building waterproofing, in particular structural parts that remain visible after completion of the building.
• the present invention relates to a method for sealing and / or protecting structures or components including roofs, wherein a building material composition according to the present invention as defined above is applied to the relevant structures or components in a layer thickness in the wet state of 0.1 to 10 mm, in particular 1 to 5 mm, preferably 2 to 4.5 mm, applied and allowed to dry and allowed to cure.
• the building material composition according to the invention is generally applied with a layer thickness (wet thickness) of 0.1 to 10 mm, in particular 1 to 5 mm, preferably 2 to 4.5 mm.
• Bitumen-free building material compositions according to the present invention are formulated as two-component systems (2K system) as follows: ⁇ u> Component (A) (liquid component): ⁇ / u> ingredient A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 polymer dispersion Acronal A 378 (aqueous butyl acrylate / acrylonitrile copolymer dispersion, solids content about 61-63%, BASF) 81 Vinagen LAS 4055 ZF (aqueous styrene / acrylate copolymer dispersion, solids content about 55%, BASF) 85 Mowilith LDM 6482 (aqueous styrene / acrylate copolymer dispersion, solids content about 57%, Celanese) 75 Revacryl 123 (aqueous styrene / acrylate copolymer dispersion, solids content about 59-61%; Synthomer) 72 Lipaton XA 491 (aqueous s
• the densities of components (A) and (B) are given in the respective table.
• the densities of the solid components (B) are in all cases at least 1.7 times, generally at least twice the densities of the liquid components (A).
• the aforementioned components (A) and (B) are mixed in a mixing ratio (A) :( B) (weight ratio) of about 1: 1 so that a homogeneous mixture results.
• each of the described liquid components A1 to A6 are mixed with each of the described solid components B1 to B10, so that 60 building material compositions according to the invention result.
• the respective homogeneous mixture is applied to a vertical wall surface with a layer thickness of about 4 mm in the wet state. After drying and curing results in an equally about 4 mm thick, crack-free, coherent sealing layer, which protects the wall surface from moisture. The sealing surface is free of any cracking.
• the polystyrene particles or the particles of vulcanized rubber are omitted in the above compositions, mixtures result which, when applied to a vertical wall surface according to the above procedure, show cracking due to pronounced shrinkage.
• the synthetic hollow microspheres are omitted in the above compositions, no crack formation is observed, but the shrinkage is more pronounced than with corresponding building material compositions according to the invention.
• the dried and cured sealing layers have a smaller thickness, in each case clearly below 4 mm, as a result of the shrinkage.
• a corresponding redispersion powder can alternatively be used in the above compositions, which must then be prepared before application with the appropriate amount of water. This may be added to component (B).
• a redispersible powder also allows the formulation as a one-component system (1-component system), provided that all other components are selected as dry components.

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• 2010
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