EP2472179A1 - Brenneranordnung, Gasturbinenkraftwerk mit der Brenneranordnung, und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Brenneranordnung - Google Patents

Brenneranordnung, Gasturbinenkraftwerk mit der Brenneranordnung, und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Brenneranordnung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2472179A1
EP2472179A1 EP11192903A EP11192903A EP2472179A1 EP 2472179 A1 EP2472179 A1 EP 2472179A1 EP 11192903 A EP11192903 A EP 11192903A EP 11192903 A EP11192903 A EP 11192903A EP 2472179 A1 EP2472179 A1 EP 2472179A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner assembly
gas mixture
outlet
supplying
air flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11192903A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Domenico Zito
Alessia Bulli
Valerio Pistone
Riccardo Traverso
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ansaldo Energia SpA
Original Assignee
Ansaldo Energia SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ansaldo Energia SpA filed Critical Ansaldo Energia SpA
Publication of EP2472179A1 publication Critical patent/EP2472179A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
    • F23R3/14—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex by using swirl vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/36—Supply of different fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07001—Air swirling vanes incorporating fuel injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14021—Premixing burners with swirling or vortices creating means for fuel or air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00002—Gas turbine combustors adapted for fuels having low heating value [LHV]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner assembly, to a gas turbine power plant comprising said burner assembly, and to a method for operating said burner assembly.
  • gas turbines for generating electric energy has increasingly used mixtures of combustible gases as alternatives to natural gas.
  • gas mixtures with a low calorific value are preferred, such as Syngases (synthetic gas) deriving from coal gasification processes.
  • Syngases deriving from coal gasification processes are characterized by a high hydrogen and carbon monoxide content.
  • pre-combustion capture process is performed, which removes carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) before combustion for generating hydrogen.
  • the "pre-combustion capture” process includes removing carbon monoxide in the Syngas by converting CO into CO 2 (which process is commonly called “shift CO”).
  • CO 2 may be compressed into a liquid form and transported to a storage site.
  • the Syngas obtained from such a process has a significantly increased hydrogen content (up to 80% volume of hydrogen concentration).
  • Burner assemblies of known type in which the diffusion combustion method is used for burning Syngases, are characterized by high flame temperatures and therefore by high NO x emissions.
  • the known art provides for diluting the Syngas with an inert agent (nitrogen, vapour or carbon dioxide).
  • an inert agent nitrogen, vapour or carbon dioxide
  • burner assemblies which use the "lean premix” technology with Syngas, which includes premixing air and fuel before their input into the primary combustion zone.
  • document EP2161502 discloses a burner assembly for Syngases comprising a premix burner equipped with an air flow channel and with a swirler arranged along the air flow channel.
  • the swirler is provided with a plurality of nozzles for supplying the natural gas and with a plurality of nozzles for supplying the Syngas.
  • the position of the nozzles for supplying the Syngas is not suitable for the application with a high hydrogen content Syngas.
  • the position of the nozzles for supplying the Syngas ensures good premixing and lowering of the flame temperature, and therefore of the NO X level; however, this design promotes the so-called flame return phenomena with high hydrogen content Syngas.
  • document US 20070275337 discloses a burner assembly for Syngases comprising a premix burner equipped with an air flow channel, a swirler arranged along the air flow channel, a plurality of nozzles for supplying the natural gas, and a plurality of nozzles for supplying the Syngas.
  • the nozzles for supplying the natural gas are obtained in the swirler, while the nozzles for supplying the Syngas are obtained on the outer wall of the air flow channel substantially at the outlet of the air flow channel.
  • This design is advantageous because it significantly decreases the risk of flame return for high hydrogen content Syngases, however it does not ensure adequate premixing of the Syngas with air.
  • the contact between air and Syngas substantially occurs close to the primary combustion zone and thus very high flame temperatures are reached, which result in high NO X emissions.
  • the present invention relates to a burner assembly for a gas turbine power plant according to claim 1.
  • the present invention relates to a gas turbine power plant according to claim 15.
  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a burner assembly for a gas turbine power plant according to claim 16.
  • numeral 1 indicates a power plant comprising a gas turbine 2 extending along an axis A, a compressor 3, a combustion chamber 4, an assembly 6 for supplying fuel to combustion chamber 4, and a generator 7, which transforms the mechanical power supplied by the gas turbine 2 into output electric power.
  • the combustion chamber 4 is of annular type and comprises a plurality of seats 8, each of which is adapted to be engaged by a burner assembly 9 (better shown in figures 2-5 ).
  • Seats 8 are arranged along a circular path close to a peripheral edge of the combustion chamber 4. In the non-limiting example described and shown herein, there are twenty-four seats 8 and burner assemblies 9.
  • each burner assembly 9 extends along an axis B and is designed to define a primary combustion zone 10.
  • Each burner assembly 9 is supplied with air, a first gas mixture and a second gas mixture.
  • Air, first mixture and second mixture are supplied to the burner assembly 9 along a supply direction D1 directed towards the interior of the combustion chamber 4.
  • the first gas mixture preferably has a first calorific value and the second gas mixture has a second calorific value lower than the first calorific value.
  • the first mixture is preferably natural gas.
  • the second gas mixture has a calorific value between about 18 MJ/kg and 20 MJ/kg, and a hydrogen concentration greater than about 80% volume.
  • the hydrogen concentration of the second gas mixture is preferably of about 83% volume.
  • the second gas mixture is a Syngas, for example, obtained from the coal gasification processes.
  • Each burner assembly 9 comprises a premix burner 11 and a pilot burner (not shown in the accompanying drawings for simplicity).
  • the pilot burner substantially extends along axis B, while the premix burner 11 is coaxial to the pilot burner and surrounds the pilot burner.
  • premix burner 11 comprises a main body 12, substantially truncated-conical in shape, an outer annular element 13, which extends about the main body 12 for defining an air flow channel 14, and a swirler 15 arranged along the air flow channel 14 and provided with a plurality of blades 16.
  • the air flow channel 14 is annular in shape, coaxially extends to axis B and has a radial height which decreases in the supply direction D1 so as to generate an annular channel with a substantially truncated-conical shape.
  • the air flow channel 14 receives air from compressor 3 and is provided with an outer wall 17, defined by the outer annular element 13, and with an inner wall 18 defined by the main body 12.
  • main body 12 comprises an annular supply channel 20 for supplying the first mixture, an annular supply channel 21 for supplying the second mixture, and a central hole 22, provided with an outer edge 23 and designed to accommodate the pilot burner.
  • Each blade 16 of swirler 15 is provided with one end 25a coupled to the outer wall 17 of the air flow channel 14, and one end 25b coupled to the inner wall 18 of the air flow channel 14.
  • each blade 16 is evenly distributed along an annular path centred on axis B.
  • Each blade 16 is oriented so as to conveniently deflect the air flow passing therethrough, and has a leading edge 28, a trailing edge 29, a suction side 30 and a pressure side 31 (better shown in figures 3-5 ).
  • Each blade 16 is provided with a plurality of outlets 33 arranged on suction side 30 and on pressure side 31 of each blade 16 close to the leading edge 28 of blade 16.
  • the outlets 33 are in communication with an inner channel of the blade (not shown in the accompanying figures), which is connected with the first supply channel 20 of the first mixture.
  • outlets 33 are arranged in groups of outlets which are aligned and inclined with respect to axis B.
  • the supply channel 20 for supplying the first mixture extends about axis B and is supplied by a supply tube 35. As mentioned above, the supply channel 20 is in communication with the inner channel of each blade 16 in order to supply the outlets 33 with the first mixture.
  • the second mixture supply channel 21 extends about axis B, is supplied by a supply tube 36 and is in communication with the air flow channel 13 by means of a plurality of outlets 40.
  • outlets 40 are obtained in the inner wall 18 of the flow channel 13 and are evenly arranged along a circular path at the outlet of swirler 15.
  • outlets 40 are arranged downstream of swirler 15 close to the trailing edge 29 of the blades 16.
  • outlets 40 are circumferentially spaced apart so that two outlets 40 are arranged between two consecutive blades 16 of swirler 15.
  • outlets 40 have a circular section, the diameter of which depends on the size of the burner assembly 9.
  • outlets 40 ensures a proper, effective mixing of air and first and second mixtures, thus minimizing the NO X emissions.
  • the integration of the second mixture with composite diluents may be minimized (for example, an integration of diluents of about 30% vol. of the second mixture is sufficient) so as to lower the NO x levels.
  • the position of the outlets 40 prevents dangerous flame returns from occurring, which are typical in Syngases deriving from coal gasification.
  • Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the outlets 44 for supplying the second mixture.
  • figure 4 keeps the same reference numerals used in figures 1-3 , to indicate similar parts.
  • outlets 44 are obtained in the inner wall 18 inside the flow channel 13 and are evenly arranged along a circular path at the outlet of swirler 15.
  • outlets 44 are arranged downstream of swirler 15 close to the trailing edge 29 of blades 16.
  • outlets 44 are circumferentially spaced apart so that a single outlet 44 is arranged between two consecutive blades 16 of swirler 15.
  • Each outlet 44 comprises a plurality of nozzles 45, which are preferably evenly distributed on a circle.
  • Each nozzle 45 preferably has a circular section, the diameter of which depends on the size of the burner assembly 9.
  • Certain nozzles 45 are preferably arranged upstream of the trailing edge 29 of blades 16, while other nozzles 45 are arranged downstream of the trailing edge 29 of blades 16.
  • outlets 44 and the particular distribution of nozzles 45 gives the second mixture a swirling component, which promotes mixing the second mixture with air, and possibly with the first mixture.
  • outlets 44 ensures a proper, effective mixing of air, first mixture and second gas mixture by minimizing the NO X emissions.
  • the integration of the second mixture with composite diluents may be minimized (for example, an integration of diluents of about 25% vol. of the second mixture is sufficient) so as to lower the NO X levels.
  • Figure 5 shows a third embodiment of the outlets 55 for supplying the second mixture.
  • figure 5 keeps the same reference numbers used in figures 1-3 , to indicate similar parts.
  • Outlets 55 are obtained in the inner wall 18 of the flow channel 13 and are evenly arranged along a circular path at the outlet of swirler 15.
  • outlets 55 are arranged downstream of swirler 15 close to the trailing edge 29 of blades 16.
  • Outlets 55 are circumferentially spaced apart so that a single outlet 55 is arranged between two consecutive blades 16 of swirler 15.
  • Each outlet 55 comprises a flow deflector element 56, which is preferably accommodated inside the respective outlet 55.
  • each outlet 55 has a circular section, the diameter of which depends on the size of the burner assembly 9.
  • Each flow deflector element 56 is shaped so as to give the second mixture a swirling component, which promotes mixing the second mixture with air, and possibly with the first mixture.
  • the flow deflector element 56 comprises a cylindrical body 58 provided, on its side surface, with a plurality of legs 59, which extend along substantially tangential directions with respect to the cylindrical body 58.
  • outlets 55 ensures a proper, effective mixing of air, first mixture and second mixture by minimizing the NO x emissions.
  • the integration of the second mixture with composite diluents may be minimized (for example, an integration of diluents of about 20% vol. of the second mixture is sufficient) so as to lower the NO x levels.
  • the burner assembly 9 advantageously allows combustible gas mixtures with high hydrogen content and at an average calorific value to be burned, thus minimizing the supply of diluents while keeping the pollutant emission levels below the legal limits.
  • outlets 40, 44 and 55 in the premix burner 11 determines a drastic decrease of the flame temperature due to the suitable premixing between Syngas and air before reaching the primary combustion zone. Accordingly, the generation of nitrogen oxides is naturally limited.
  • outlets 40, 44 and 55 in the premix burner 11 suppresses the risk of flame return phenomena.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
EP11192903A 2010-12-30 2011-12-09 Brenneranordnung, Gasturbinenkraftwerk mit der Brenneranordnung, und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Brenneranordnung Withdrawn EP2472179A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001093A ITTO20101093A1 (it) 2010-12-30 2010-12-30 Gruppo bruciatore, impianto per la produzione di energia a turbina a gas comprendente detto gruppo bruciatore e metodo per operare detto gruppo bruciatore

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2472179A1 true EP2472179A1 (de) 2012-07-04

Family

ID=43737480

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11192903A Withdrawn EP2472179A1 (de) 2010-12-30 2011-12-09 Brenneranordnung, Gasturbinenkraftwerk mit der Brenneranordnung, und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Brenneranordnung

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2472179A1 (de)
IT (1) ITTO20101093A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017005694A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Burner for a gas turbine and method for operating the burner
WO2024205739A1 (en) * 2023-03-31 2024-10-03 Solar Turbines Incorporated Multi-pot swirl injector

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5062792A (en) * 1987-01-26 1991-11-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hybrid burner for a pre-mixing operation with gas and/or oil, in particular for gas turbine systems
US20070275337A1 (en) 2004-02-24 2007-11-29 Andreas Heilos Premix burner and method for burning a low-calorie combustion gas
US20090025395A1 (en) * 2006-02-22 2009-01-29 Ulf Nilsson Swirler for Use in a Burner of a Gas Turbine Engine
US20090111063A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-04-30 General Electric Company Lean premixed, radial inflow, multi-annular staged nozzle, can-annular, dual-fuel combustor
EP2161502A1 (de) 2008-09-05 2010-03-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vormischbrenner zur Verbrennung eines niederkalorischen sowie hochkalorischen Brennstoffes

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5062792A (en) * 1987-01-26 1991-11-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hybrid burner for a pre-mixing operation with gas and/or oil, in particular for gas turbine systems
US20070275337A1 (en) 2004-02-24 2007-11-29 Andreas Heilos Premix burner and method for burning a low-calorie combustion gas
US20090025395A1 (en) * 2006-02-22 2009-01-29 Ulf Nilsson Swirler for Use in a Burner of a Gas Turbine Engine
US20090111063A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-04-30 General Electric Company Lean premixed, radial inflow, multi-annular staged nozzle, can-annular, dual-fuel combustor
EP2161502A1 (de) 2008-09-05 2010-03-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vormischbrenner zur Verbrennung eines niederkalorischen sowie hochkalorischen Brennstoffes

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017005694A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Burner for a gas turbine and method for operating the burner
US20180172277A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2018-06-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Burner for a gas turbine and method for operating the burner
US10941940B2 (en) * 2015-07-06 2021-03-09 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Burner for a gas turbine and method for operating the burner
WO2024205739A1 (en) * 2023-03-31 2024-10-03 Solar Turbines Incorporated Multi-pot swirl injector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO20101093A1 (it) 2012-07-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3679300B1 (de) Gasturbinenbrennkammeranordnung mit hohlraum zum erzeugen eines eingeschlossenen wirbels und verfahren zum betreiben einer gasturbinenbrennkammer
US8607570B2 (en) Airblown syngas fuel nozzle with diluent openings
JP6105193B2 (ja) 希薄プレノズル燃料噴射システムを備えた燃焼器
RU2457397C2 (ru) Смеситель топлива с воздухом для камер сгорания
US20110185703A1 (en) Gas Turbine Combustor
US20080016876A1 (en) Method and apparatus for reducing gas turbine engine emissions
US8402763B2 (en) Combustor headend guide vanes to reduce flow maldistribution into multi-nozzle arrangement
US20100281872A1 (en) Airblown Syngas Fuel Nozzle With Diluent Openings
JP6086391B2 (ja) ガス・タービン・エンジンで使用するための段階的で接線方向の燃料空気ノズルを備えた環状筒型燃焼器
JP2010197039A (ja) ガスタービン燃焼器用の同軸燃料及び空気プレミキサ
US20100281869A1 (en) Airblown Syngas Fuel Nozzle With Diluent Openings
KR101774630B1 (ko) 가스 터빈 엔진에 사용되는 예비혼합된 연료와 공기를 가진 접선방향의 애뉼러형 연소실
EP2420731B1 (de) Brenner für Nachverbrennung
JP2012031730A (ja) ガスタービン燃焼器の低ＮＯｘ燃焼方法
KR20140082659A (ko) 가스 터빈 엔진에서 사용되는 예비혼합형 접선방향 연료-공기 노즐을 가진 캔-애뉼러형 연소실
US10473327B2 (en) System and method for increasing the concentration of pulverized fuel in a power plant
EP2679907A2 (de) Verbrennungsdüse und zugehöriges Verfahren dafür
EP2472179A1 (de) Brenneranordnung, Gasturbinenkraftwerk mit der Brenneranordnung, und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Brenneranordnung
US8490405B2 (en) Gas turbine engine mixing duct and method to start the engine
JP5972125B2 (ja) ガスタービン燃焼器
CA3207755A1 (en) Hydrogen injection for enhanced combustion stability in gas turbine systems
Asai et al. A dry low-NOx gas-turbine combustor with multiple-injection burners for hydrogen-rich syngas fuel: testing and evaluation of its performance in an IGCC pilot plant
Asai et al. Performance of Multiple-Injection Dry Low-NOx Combustor on Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Fuel in an IGCC Pilot Plant
KR20140082657A (ko) 가스 터빈 엔진에 사용되는 접선방향의 무염 애뉼러형 연소실
US12085282B2 (en) Hydrogen injection for enhanced combustion stability in gas turbine systems

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20130105