EP2469100B1 - Motorkompressor mit Drehkupplung in einer Hohlwelle des Kompressors - Google Patents

Motorkompressor mit Drehkupplung in einer Hohlwelle des Kompressors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2469100B1
EP2469100B1 EP11194395.7A EP11194395A EP2469100B1 EP 2469100 B1 EP2469100 B1 EP 2469100B1 EP 11194395 A EP11194395 A EP 11194395A EP 2469100 B1 EP2469100 B1 EP 2469100B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
main shaft
motor
compressor
shaft
unit according
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Application number
EP11194395.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2469100A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Alban
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Thermodyn SAS
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Thermodyn SAS
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/053—Shafts
    • F04D29/054—Arrangements for joining or assembling shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/0405—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof joining shafts, e.g. rigid couplings, quill shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/043—Shafts
    • F04D29/044—Arrangements for joining or assembling shafts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to turbochargers or motocompressors, and in particular integrated motor compressor units.
  • An integrated compressor unit comprises a sealed casing in which are placed an electric motor and a compressor unit, for example multi-stage, which comprises several compression vane wheels carried by a driven shaft driven by the rotor of the motor.
  • the flexible couplings used which are generally of membrane type, increase the axial size of the motor-compressor unit (typical of the order of 35 to 40 cm compared to a rigid coupling with flanges), and represent a zone of weakness. because they can for example be subjected only to tensile or compressive stresses, in the axial direction, limited.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an integrated compact turbocharger unit in the axial direction, whose axial stiffness allows to use only one axial abutment without limitation of axial forces applied, the architecture of the motor-generating group generating a risk reduced gas leakage, and allowing easy disassembly for maintenance operations.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises a motor and a compressor mounted in a gas-tight common housing to be compressed.
  • the motor comprises a rotor rotatably connected with a rotor of the compressor.
  • the compressor rotor has a main shaft and a connecting shaft coaxial with the main shaft.
  • the connecting shaft is disposed at least partly within the main shaft so as to be radially spaced from the main shaft, and has a coupling zone with the main shaft.
  • the motor-compressor unit is a centrifugal motor-compressor unit. Centrifugal compression stages are supported by the main shaft.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises at least two bearings supporting the main shaft, the connecting shaft extending beyond one of the bearings, that is to say through the bearing .
  • the connecting shaft extends beyond a bearing supporting the main shaft, and also beyond one or more stages of compression, that is to say beyond one or more rows of blades, the compressor. According to a preferred embodiment, the connecting shaft extends beyond all the compression stages of the main shaft.
  • the motor-compressor unit preferably comprises at least two bearings supporting a shaft of the motor rotor, two bearings supporting the main shaft of the compressor, and comprises a single axial abutment, arranged either on the shaft of the motor rotor, or on the shaft main.
  • the flywheel of the axial stop may be placed axially between the coupling zone (including around the coupling zone), and the vanes of the main shaft.
  • the compressor has no axial stop, an axial abutment being connected to the rotor of the motor.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises dismountable fixing means capable of securing, at the level of the coupling zone, both axially and in rotation, the connecting shaft and the main shaft of the compressor.
  • the removable fastening means are configured to be able to be detached from an axial end of the casing.
  • an axial thrust wheel is assembled around a portion of the main shaft traversed by the removable fixing means.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises an axial abutment comprising a monobloc flywheel with a portion of the main shaft.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises a low pressure gas inlet and a high pressure gas outlet axially closer to the engine than the low pressure inlet, and the radial space separating the main shaft and the connecting shaft is of a width capable of allowing a flow spontaneous gas leaving the engine to the low-pressure inlet zone.
  • the main shaft comprises one or more radial orifices connecting the outside of the main shaft and the radial space.
  • the main shaft comprises at least a first radial orifice or a first group of radial orifices joining the radial space, this or these openings opening upstream of a row of blades.
  • the first radial orifice or the first group of radial orifices opens out between the coupling zone and the first compression stage, which is the row of blades furthest from the engine.
  • the first radial orifice or the first group of radial orifices may in particular open between the abutment and the first compression stage.
  • the main shaft also comprises at least one second radial orifice or a second group of radial orifices opening between an axial balancing piston and a radial bearing, which is the radial bearing closest to the engine and supporting the shaft. main.
  • the casing of the motor-compressor unit does not have radial openings provided specifically to allow the connection between the different shafts to be made.
  • the casing of the motor-compressor unit may have, as the only radial openings, only inlet and outlet openings of the gases to be compressed, that is to say an uncompressed gas inlet, a compressed gas outlet, and possible gas intake for recirculation of a secondary gas stream in particular to optimize the cooling of the engine.
  • the connecting shaft is rigidly connected to the main shaft in the coupling zone.
  • a damping device is provided between the connecting shaft and the main shaft.
  • the common axis of rotation of the motor 3 and the compressor 2 is marked as the x-x 'axis.
  • the compressor 2 and the motor 3 are arranged inside a common housing 4.
  • the housing 4 may for example be in the form of a generally cylindrical body 8, sealed at its ends by two covers 9, 10 respectively located at the near end of the engine and at the near end of the compressor, and maintained for example by bolting on the body 8.
  • the motor and the compressor are therefore arranged in the gas treated by the motor-compressor unit.
  • the rotor 38 of the compressor 2 comprises in particular a main shaft 11, one or more rows of blade wheels (or compression wheels) 12, 13, 14 mounted on the main shaft 11, and a connecting shaft 21 arranged in part to inside the main shaft, and connected to both the rotor (39) of the engine and the main shaft (11.)
  • the rows of paddle wheels 12, 13, 14 are mounted on the main shaft 11 of the compressor 2 at increasing distances from a end of the main shaft 11 of the compressor 2, which is here the end opposite the motor 3. It is understood that the compressor 2 may include any number of rows of blades, which can also point to the motor. Between two rows of impeller wheels of the main shaft 11 of the compressor 2 is interposed a row of stator blades of the compressor 2, not shown in the figure to lighten the representation.
  • the stator vanes are integral with a cartridge (not shown) surrounding the main shaft 11, and point radially towards the main shaft 11.
  • the main shaft 11 is supported radially by two bearings 16 and 17 located respectively on the motor side 3 and on the opposite side to the motor 3.
  • the rotor 39 of the motor 3 is carried by a motor shaft 20 which is supported radially by two bearings 18 and 19.
  • the bearings 16, 17, 18, 19 are preferably bearings that do not require a supply of lubricating liquid. For this purpose, it is possible, for example, to use bearings of the active magnetic type, or gas bearings.
  • the cartridge and the bearings 16, 17 of the compressor which are integral with the casing 4 during the operation of the compressor, can be unlocked from the casing during maintenance operations, in order to exit axially, through the end of the casing corresponding to the cover 10. , the stator cartridge assembly, bearings 16, 17 and rotor (carried by the shaft 11), of the compressor 2.
  • the gas that the compressor 2 has to compress is fed through a gas inlet 5 upstream of the first row of blades 12. After having crossed the successive rows of blades 12, 13, 14, it comes out of the compressor by a gas outlet port 6.
  • a cooling pipe 7 withdraws partially compressed gas downstream of the first row of blades 12, and brings the gas-to the engine 3 to cool the latter .
  • the sampling can be done downstream of another vane row or downstream of the outlet orifice 6, if the temperature allows it.
  • the main shaft 11 is hollowed in its central part, that is to say in the vicinity of its axis, between an open end facing the motor 3, and a coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11, at which it is integral with the connecting shaft 21.
  • the main shaft 11 is also recessed at its center on an axial portion situated between its end opposite the motor 3 and the coupling zone 15.
  • the coupling zone 15 is located between the bearings 16 and 17 supporting the main shaft 11, and more specifically, between the set of blades carried by the main shaft 11, and the bearing 17 arranged on the opposite side to the engine 3 by compared to this game of blades.
  • the recess passing through the main shaft 11 on either side of the coupling zone 15 is a cylindrical recess of revolution centered on the x-x 'axis of rotation of the motor 3 and the compressor 2.
  • the connecting shaft 21 extends at least partly inside the main shaft 11.
  • the connecting shaft 21 has a section smaller than that of the central recess of the main shaft 11, and extends to the coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11.
  • a radial space 37 is thus formed between the main shaft 11 and the connecting shaft 21.
  • the connecting shaft 21 provides the coupling between the main shaft 11 and the shaft 20 of the motor rotor.
  • the driving shaft 20 is rigidly assembled, for example by flanges 22, to the connecting shaft 21.
  • the connecting shaft 21 is secured, by its end opposite the motor 3, to the coupling zone 15.
  • the connecting shaft 21 is preferably made of a material of high yield strength. It is thus able to withstand the torsional stress of the engine on a reduced section, and thanks to this reduced section, can be assembled inside the main shaft 11 while leaving the radial space 37. According to the variants of embodiment it is possible to use a connecting shaft whose external diameter is less than half the outer diameter of the drive shaft 20.
  • This reduced section also allows, between the two ends of the connecting shaft 21, to remain in a resilient bending deformation domain despite permanent angular or lateral misalignments between the main shaft and the shaft engine. This flexibility also makes it possible to filter the bending vibrations between the main shaft and the motor shaft. Furthermore, the reduced section of the connecting shaft allows a gradation of the forces transmitted during sudden changes in the torque transmitted by the motor, or the resistive torque exerted by the compressor.
  • the connecting shaft 21 has a central portion 27 whose section is substantially constant between the assembly flange 22, and the end secured to the coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11. At the end of the integral end of the coupling zone 15, removable fixing means ensure the coupling between this connecting shaft 21 and the main shaft 11.
  • the connecting shaft 21 has a grooved zone 23, whose grooves, formed on its outer circumference, are complementary grooves formed recessed on the coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11 .
  • the connecting shaft 21 is continued by a threaded portion 24 of lower section than that of the corrugated portion 23.
  • This threaded portion passes through an orifice 25 of corresponding diameter, formed in the coupling zone 15.
  • a nut 26 is screwed onto the threaded portion 24, on the side of the coupling zone 15 which is opposite the body 27 of the connecting shaft 21.
  • the connecting shaft 21 is thus, at the level of the coupling zone 15, integral both in rotation and in axial displacement, with the main shaft 11.
  • connection obtained by means of the connecting shaft 21 between the drive shaft 20 and the main shaft 11, is rigid in the axial direction.
  • a single axial abutment 28 which cooperates with axial bearings 40, maintains the axial line of trees.
  • the axial abutment 28 is also preferably of the type that does not require the supply of lubricating liquid, for example an active magnetic type stop.
  • the abutment 28 comprises an abutment wheel 29 shrunk around the coupling zone 15, and attached to the main shaft 11.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the same elements being then designated by the same references.
  • the provisions of the engine 3, the compressor 2, the inlet 5 at low pressure of the gases to be compressed and the outlet 6 of the compressed gases are similar to those of the figure 1 .
  • a single axial abutment 30 is also provided for the axial retention of the motor 3 and the compressor 2, this axial abutment being this time placed between the bearings 18 and 19 supporting the rotor of the motor 3.
  • the compressor 2 is therefore without stop.
  • Another solution not shown but advantageous may be to place the stop at the end of the motor rotor (39) after the bearing (18).
  • the figure 3 is a simplified partial section of a compressor belonging to a motor-compressor unit according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • an axial balancing piston 31 comprising a rotatable portion 32, and facing a fixed piston portion 33 integral with the stator cartridge (not shown).
  • the rotating part 32 and the fixed part 33 are separated by a narrow gap 34, acting as a labyrinth seal, through which flows a leakage current of the high-pressure gas contained upstream (with respect to the flow direction of the gases). in the compressor 2) of the piston.
  • the gas inlet port 5 is further away from the engine 3 than the compressed gas outlet port 6, which itself is a little further away from the engine (3) than the piston 31.
  • the radial space 37 separating the main shaft 11 from the connecting shaft 21, extends from the open end on the motor side of the shaft 11, beyond the bearing 16, the piston 31 and the set of vanes of the main shaft 11.
  • the main shaft 11 is here made in several sections, namely a first axial section 11a comprising the coupling zone 15, and a second section 11b which is traversed right through by the central recess of the main shaft 11, and who wears all the blades.
  • the two sections are connected by a flange system 34a and 34b, the flange 34a being integral with a flywheel 29 forming part of the axial stop of the motor-compressor unit.
  • the embodiment in several parts of the main shaft 11 allows to choose the most suitable manufacturing techniques for each of the constituent elements.
  • this decoupling makes it possible to integrate the stop wheel 29 in a monobloc manner with the section 11a, which would be much more complicated if the connecting shaft 11 was made in one piece.
  • stop wheel 29 is made in the form of a separate disc, clamped between the two sections 11a and 11b.
  • a first orifice or group of orifices 35 is formed in the low-pressure zone situated upstream (with respect to the flow of gases in the compressor 2) of the row of blades 12, in the axial vicinity of the orifice of FIG. gas inlet 5.
  • a second orifice or group of orifices 36 is formed in the main shaft 11, between the piston 31 and the magnetic bearing 16.
  • This or these orifices 36 associated with the radial space 37 allow channeling towards the inside of the main shaft 11, on the one hand the gases having leaked through the labyrinth 34, and on the other hand, a flow of gas having passed through the magnetic bearing 16 from the end of the main shaft 11 situated on the side of the 3.
  • the dimensions of the orifices 35, 36 and the radial width of the space 37 are chosen so as to allow a spontaneous flow of the gases coming from the engine or the gases collected by the orifice 36.
  • the orifices 35 formed in the low pressure zone can bring back in this low pressure zone, from the open end of the main shaft 11, on the one hand hot gases from the flow of gas used to cool the engine 3, and on the other hand, the gases collected by the orifice 36 for returning the gases from the piston 31.
  • the gases heated by the engine 3 then mix with the gases entering the turbocharger through the orifice 5, "diluent Thus the calories removed from the engine 3 in the gas stream to be compressed.
  • the main shaft 11 thus becomes an integral part of the cooling circuitry of the motor-compressor unit.
  • the object of the invention is not limited to the examples described and can be broken down into numerous variants.
  • the bearing 16 from which the flow of gas is captured by channeling it through the orifice 36 can be a magnetic bearing or a gas bearing.
  • the motor-compressor unit according to the invention makes it possible to have a flexible coupling between the motor and the compressor whose rigidity and axial compactness are improved.
  • the motor-compressor unit according to the invention also makes it possible to simplify the architecture of the motor-compressor unit, especially at the level of the pipes and cooling circuits. The overall tightness of the compressor is improved as well as its ease of maintenance.

Claims (15)

  1. Motorkompressor (1), der einen Motor (3), einen Kompressor (2) und eine Verbindungswelle (21) umfasst, die sich axial zwischen dem Motor und dem Kompressor erstreckt, die in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse (4) montiert sind, das für das zu komprimierende Gas dicht ist, wobei der Motor (3) einen Rotor (39) umfasst, der in Drehung mit einem Rotor (38) des Kompressors (2) durch die Verbindungswelle (21) verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rotor (38) des Kompressors eine Hauptwelle (11) umfasst, die zu der Verbindungswelle (21) koaxial ist, wobei sich die Verbindungswelle in das Innere der Hauptwelle (11) durch mindestens einen axialen Abschnitt fügt, der auf seinem gesamten Umfang von der Hauptwelle (11) radial beabstandet ist, wobei die Verbindungswelle eine Kupplungszone (15) mit der Hauptwelle (11) umfasst.
  2. Motorkompressor nach Anspruch 1, der einen Motor und zwei Kompressoren umfasst, die axial zu beiden Seiten des Motors platziert sind, wobei die Baugruppe in ein gemeinsames Gehäuse montiert ist, das für das zu komprimierende Gas dicht ist, wobei der Motor einen Rotor umfasst, der in Drehung mit jedem der Rotoren der Kompressoren durch eine Verbindungswelle des Kompressors verbunden ist, wobei jeder Kompressorrotor eine Hauptwelle und eine Verbindungswelle, die zu der Hauptwelle koaxial ist, umfasst, wobei sich die Verbindungswelle in das Innere der Hauptwelle durch mindestens einen axialen Abschnitt fügt, der auf seinem gesamten Umfang von der Hauptwelle radial beabstandet ist, wobei die Verbindungswelle eine Kupplungszone mit der Hauptwelle umfasst.
  3. Motorkompressor nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, der mindestens zwei Lager (16, 17) umfasst, die die Hauptwelle (11) tragen, wobei sich die Verbindungswelle über eines der Lager (16) hinaus erstreckt.
  4. Motorkompressor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der zwei Lager (18, 19) umfasst, die den Rotor (39) des Motors (3) tragen, mindestens zwei Lager (16, 17), die die Hauptwelle (11) des Kompressors (2) tragen und einen einzigen axialen Anschlag (28, 30) umfassen, der entweder auf der Welle (20) des Rotors (39) des Motors oder auf der Hauptwelle (11) angeordnet ist.
  5. Motorkompressor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der abnehmbare Befestigungsmittel (23, 24, 25, 26) umfasst, die geeignet sind, sowohl axial als auch in Drehung die Verbindungswelle (21) und die Hauptwelle (11) des Kompressors (2) im Bereich der Kupplungszone (15) fest zu verbinden.
  6. Motorkompressor nach Anspruch 5, bei dem die abnehmbaren Befestigungsmittel (23, 24, 25, 26) ausgelegt sind, um ausgehend von einem axialen Ende (10) des Gehäuses (4) getrennt werden zu können.
  7. Motorkompressor nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, der ein Schwungrad (29) mit axialem Anschlag (28) umfasst, das um einen Abschnitt (15) der Hauptwelle, der von den abnehmbaren Befestigungsmitteln (24, 25) durchquert wird, zusammengebaut ist.
  8. Motorkompressor nach Anspruch 4, der einen axialen Anschlag umfasst, der ein Schwungrad (29) in einem Stück mit einem Abschnitt (11a) der Hauptwelle (11) umfasst.
  9. Motorkompressor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der einen Niederdruckgaseingang (5) und einen Hochdruckgasausgang (6), der dem Motor (3) axial näher ist als der Niederdruckeingang (5), umfasst, bei dem der radiale Raum (37), der die Hauptwelle (11) und die Verbindungswelle (21) trennt, eine Breite hat, die geeignet ist, um ein spontanes Abfließen der Gase, die aus dem Motor (3) austreten, zu der Niederdruckeingangszone (5) zu erlauben.
  10. Motorkompressor nach Anspruch 9, bei dem die Hauptwelle eine oder mehrere radiale Öffnungen (35, 36) umfasst, die das Äußere der Hauptwelle (11) und den radialen Raum (37) verbinden.
  11. Motorkompressor nach Anspruch 10, bei dem die Hauptwelle (11) mindestens eine radiale Öffnung (35) umfasst, die zu dem radialen Raum (37) führt und stromaufwärts einer Reihe von Schaufeln (12, 13 oder 14) des Kompressors (2) mündet.
  12. Motorkompressor nach den Ansprüchen 10 oder 11, bei dem die Hauptwelle (11) mindestens eine zweite radiale Öffnung (36) umfasst, die zwischen einem axialen Ausgleichkolben (31) und einem Radiallager (16), das das Radiallager ist, das dem Motor (3) am nächsten liegt und die Hauptwelle (11) trägt, mündet.
  13. Motorkompressor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der keine radialen Öffnungen in dem Gehäuse (4), die spezifisch vorgesehen sind, um zu erlauben, die Verbindung zwischen den verschiedenen Wellen sicherzustellen, aufweist.
  14. Motorkompressor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der eine Dämpfvorrichtung zwischen der Verbindungswelle (21) und der Hauptwelle (11) umfasst.
  15. Motorkompressor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der ein Lager (16) umfasst, das die Hauptwelle (11) und Schaufelräder (12, 13, 14) trägt, die auf der Hauptwelle (11) zusammengefügt sind, wobei sich der axiale Abschnitt der Verbindungswelle (21), der radial von der Hauptwelle (11) beabstandet ist, ausgehend von einem offenen Ende der Hauptwelle (11) axial über das Lager (16) hinaus erstreckt und sich auch axial über mindestens eine Reihe von Schaufeln (14) des Motorkompressors erstreckt.
EP11194395.7A 2010-12-22 2011-12-19 Motorkompressor mit Drehkupplung in einer Hohlwelle des Kompressors Active EP2469100B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1061068A FR2969722B1 (fr) 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 Groupe motocompresseur a accouplement torsible place dans un arbre creux du compresseur

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EP2469100A1 EP2469100A1 (de) 2012-06-27
EP2469100B1 true EP2469100B1 (de) 2015-08-12

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EP (1) EP2469100B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2969722B1 (de)

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ITUB20154122A1 (it) * 2015-10-01 2017-04-01 Thermodyn Sas Sistema ausiliario di supporto di un albero di una turbomacchina e turbomacchina dotata di tale sistema
NO342066B1 (en) * 2016-06-03 2018-03-19 Vetco Gray Scandinavia As Modular stackable compressor with gas bearings and system for raising the pressure in production gas
CN109654035B (zh) * 2019-02-15 2024-02-13 河北工程大学 一种多盘均载承载器
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US9222481B2 (en) 2015-12-29
EP2469100A1 (de) 2012-06-27
FR2969722B1 (fr) 2013-01-04
FR2969722A1 (fr) 2012-06-29
CN102606493A (zh) 2012-07-25
US20120164005A1 (en) 2012-06-28

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