EP2468933A1 - Lanyard and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Lanyard and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2468933A1
EP2468933A1 EP20110354079 EP11354079A EP2468933A1 EP 2468933 A1 EP2468933 A1 EP 2468933A1 EP 20110354079 EP20110354079 EP 20110354079 EP 11354079 A EP11354079 A EP 11354079A EP 2468933 A1 EP2468933 A1 EP 2468933A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weaving
sheath
threads
elastic
lanyard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20110354079
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2468933B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Marc Hede
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Zedel SAS
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Zedel SAS
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Publication of EP2468933A1 publication Critical patent/EP2468933A1/en
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Publication of EP2468933B1 publication Critical patent/EP2468933B1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D3/00—Woven fabrics characterised by their shape
    • D03D3/005—Tapes or ribbons not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
    • A62B35/0043—Lifelines, lanyards, and anchors therefore
    • A62B35/0075—Details of ropes or similar equipment, e.g. between the secured person and the lifeline or anchor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D03D11/02—Fabrics formed with pockets, tubes, loops, folds, tucks or flaps
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/56—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D3/00—Woven fabrics characterised by their shape
    • D03D3/02—Tubular fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D3/00—Woven fabrics characterised by their shape
    • D03D3/08—Arched, corrugated, or like fabrics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
    • A62B35/04—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion incorporating energy absorbing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/1362—Textile, fabric, cloth, or pile containing [e.g., web, net, woven, knitted, mesh, nonwoven, matted, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3008—Woven fabric has an elastic quality
    • Y10T442/3024—Including elastic strand or strip
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety lanyard, movable by elasticity between a rest position and a stretched position, comprising a tubular sheath made of a non-stretchable material, and a set of elastic son bonded to the sheath.
  • lanyards formed of an elastic band, which is sewn a peripheral sheath.
  • the aforementioned band and sheath are first of all separately formed, generally by weaving, and then this strip is inserted in the stretched state inside the sheath. Finally, these two elements are mutually secured by means of seams, made at their two axial ends. When the band returns to its state of rest, it then deforms the sheath in the manner of a bellows.
  • lanyards are not totally satisfactory, particularly because of their relatively low elongation rate.
  • This rate which corresponds to the ratio of the lengths presented respectively by the loin in maximum stretching position and in rest position, is a fundamental parameter of a lanyard.
  • a lanyard a first end is generally attached to the point of attachment of a harness, must advantageously have a length as variable as possible.
  • this lanyard when its other end is not hooked, this lanyard must be as short as possible in the rest position, to allow its easy handling by the user.
  • this lanyard must be the longest possible stretched configuration, to allow a movement without blocking the user.
  • the invention aims to provide a safety lanyard with a rate of elongation much higher than that allowed in the previous solutions. It also aims to achieve such a lanyard, which has a high resistance and avoids the use of a winding mechanism.
  • the lanyard according to the invention is remarkable in that the elastic threads define at least one longitudinal weaving zone, in which they are woven on a single face of the sheath, each weaving zone being able to form, in the rest position, a bending zone of the loin, in which the elastic threads are folded on themselves.
  • the elastic yarns of the front lanyards have a generally rectilinear configuration, both at rest and in a stretched position.
  • the total size of the lanyard at rest corresponds to the length of this elastic core. Therefore, the possibility of elongation is only allowed by the stretching capacity of the elastic threads, generally 100%.
  • the elongation capacity can reach 500%, without necessarily constraining the elastic threads in a maximal way.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a lanyard as above, in which the elastic threads are stretched, these drawn threads are woven with at least a first series of threads forming a first face of the sheath, without the weaving with the yarns of the opposite face, so as to form at least one weaving zone, and releasing the tension exerted on these elastic yarns, so that the or each weaving zone forms a bending zone of the loin.
  • the lanyard 1 comprises a tubular sheath 10, made essentially of a non-stretchable material, and a set of elastic son described in more detail below.
  • 11 and 12 denote the two opposite faces of this sheath, which has a flattened shape.
  • the non-stretchable material which is for example polyamide or high-tenacity polyester, has a very low elongation capacity under normal use of the loin. This capacity is much lower than that of the constituent elastic material of the yarns, namely for example an elastomer such as latex or Iycra TM.
  • the sheath is woven from warp yarns and weft yarns.
  • a majority of CH11 and CH12 warp yarns are used as non-stretchable material intended to form the two faces 11 and 12.
  • a certain proportion of CH2 elastic warp yarns, known as yarns, are also used.
  • link chain This is particularly visible in the figure 3 , which also illustrates weft threads T1, T3 and T5 of the first face of the sheath.
  • the proportion of the CH2 bonding yarns, relative to the set of warp yarns used for a given face, namely CH11 + CH2, or else CH12 + CH2, is between 5 and 20%. This range is relative to the number of elastic son CH2, it being understood that these are present between 15 and 30% by weight of all the warp son, because their transverse dimension is greater.
  • the bonding yarns are woven in the stretched state, with an elongation ratio of between 50 and 100%, in particular close to 70%. Furthermore, non-stretchable weft yarns are used, it being understood that certain elastic yarns can be used, without being decisive.
  • CH2 link chain son are first woven only with the weft son T1, T3, ..., T2n-1 of the first face 11 of the sheath, but not with those T2, .. ., T2n of the other face 12.
  • These CH2 bonding yarns are then woven only with the weft threads T2n + 2, ..., T2m of the other face 12 of the sheath, along a second longitudinal fastening zone Z2, but on the other hand not with those T2n + 1, ..., T2m + 1 of the first face 11.
  • each zone has an axial dimension, or length, greater than 3 cm (centimeters), and a typical length of 4 cm.
  • a lanyard comprises between 15 and 30 successive securing zones, as described above.
  • the elastic nature of the threads contributes to shortening them.
  • the local connection between the elastic son and the sheath creates a withdrawal of the bonded face thereof, relative to its free face.
  • the elastic threads tend to fold on themselves.
  • the successive zones of fastening Z1 to Zn then form bending zones of the lanyard, generally defining portions of a circle whose centers C1 to Cn are arranged alternately on either side of the core. It is advantageous for these zones to extend over a majority or even substantially the entire length of the lanyard. Indeed, it is conceivable that such bending zones can reduce all the more the size of the lanyard at rest.
  • the figure 4 illustrates the cooperation of the various warp and weft threads of the figure 2 , after folding on themselves elastic threads.
  • each bending zone extends at an angle slightly greater than 180 °, so that two transverse lines of junction are adjacent. This reduces, to an additional extent, the overall size of the lanyard in its rest position.
  • the securing zones are substantially of the same length, so that the connecting lines are aligned. Under these conditions, XX defines the longitudinal axis of the lanyard in the rest position, which passes through these different lines.
  • the figure 5 represents the two functional positions of the lanyard, namely its rest position for which no effort is exerted on the lanyard, as well as its maximum stretching position. In the rest position, the elastic threads are either relaxed or subjected to a slight residual stress.
  • E is the total size of the lanyard at rest, corresponding to the distance separating its two axial ends. Due to the presence of the many bending zones, it is conceivable that this size is relatively small.
  • the figure 6 is an alternative embodiment of the lanyard 101 of the invention, wherein the elastic warp son are woven on a single face 111 of the sheath 110, substantially on all of the latter.
  • the weaving mode is then analogous to that of the first embodiment, illustrated in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the tension is released on the elastic threads, at the end of this weaving, the latter fold back on themselves in the manner of a snail, namely that they form at all points a rounding whose center C is invariant .

Abstract

The safety belt (1) comprises a tubular sheath (10) made of non-stretchable material, and a set of elastic thread related to the sheath. The safety belt is movable by elasticity between a rest position and an extended position. The elastic thread defines longitudinal areas of weaving in which threads are woven on single face (11, 12) of the sheath so that the belt has a snail shape in rest position. Each longitudinal areas of weaving is adapted to form, in the resting position, bending areas (Z1, Z2.....Zn) in which the elastic threads are folded on each other. The safety belt (1) comprises a tubular sheath (10) made of non-stretchable material, and a set of elastic thread related to the sheath. The safety belt is movable by elasticity between a rest position and an extended position. The elastic thread defines longitudinal areas of weaving in which threads are woven on single face (11, 12) of the sheath so that the belt has a snail shape in rest position. Each longitudinal areas of weaving is adapted to form, in the resting position, bending areas (Z1, Z2.....Zn) in which the elastic threads are folded on each other. Each bending areas form a circular sector, where a center (C1, C2....Cn) of the circular sector is located on the side of the face of the sheath. An axial dimension of longitudinal areas of weaving with elastic threads is 4 cm. The longitudinal areas of weaving with elastic threads extend alternately on one and other of the faces of the sheath, and extend over entire axial dimension of the belt. Each bending area extends along an angle of 180-270[deg] so that two connecting lines (L1, L2...Ln) between consecutive weaving areas are adjacent. The connecting lines between consecutive weaving areas are aligned, in the rest position, along a longitudinal axis of the belt. The elastic threads form 5-20% chain threads (CH11 + CH2, CH12 + CH2) for a given weaving area. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a process for fabricating a safety belt.

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

L'invention est relative à une longe de sécurité, mobile par élasticité entre une position de repos et une position étirée, comprenant une gaine tubulaire réalisée en un matériau non étirable, et un ensemble de fils élastiques liés à la gaine.The invention relates to a safety lanyard, movable by elasticity between a rest position and a stretched position, comprising a tubular sheath made of a non-stretchable material, and a set of elastic son bonded to the sheath.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

On connaît tout d'abord des longes formées d'une bande élastique, à laquelle est cousue une gaine périphérique. En vue de la fabrication de ce premier type de longes, on forme tout d'abord séparément la bande et la gaine précitées, en général par tissage, puis on insère cette bande à l'état tendu à l'intérieur de gaine. Enfin, on solidarise mutuellement ces deux éléments au moyen de coutures, pratiquées à leurs deux extrémités axiales. Lorsque la bande revient dans son état de repos, elle déforme alors la gaine à la manière d'un soufflet.First known are lanyards formed of an elastic band, which is sewn a peripheral sheath. In order to manufacture this first type of lanyards, the aforementioned band and sheath are first of all separately formed, generally by weaving, and then this strip is inserted in the stretched state inside the sheath. Finally, these two elements are mutually secured by means of seams, made at their two axial ends. When the band returns to its state of rest, it then deforms the sheath in the manner of a bellows.

Il est également connu de tisser certains fils élastiques avec les deux faces de la gaine, le long de quelques fils de trame. Ceci permet de créer des lignes transversales de liaison, réparties régulièrement le long de la gaine. Lorsqu'on supprime l'effort de tension, les fils élastiques gardent une configuration rectiligne, alors que la gaine forme une succession de bosses, dont chacune relie deux lignes transversales adjacentes.It is also known to weave some elastic threads with both sides of the sheath along a few weft threads. This makes it possible to create transverse connecting lines distributed regularly along the sheath. When the tension force is removed, the elastic threads keep a rectilinear configuration, while the sheath forms a series of bumps, each of which connects two adjacent transverse lines.

Ces longes connues ne se révèlent pas totalement satisfaisantes, notamment du fait de leur taux d'allongement relativement peu élevé. Ce taux, qui correspond au ratio des longueurs présentées respectivement par la longe en position d'étirement maximal et en position de repos, est un paramètre fondamental d'une longe. En effet, on conçoit qu'une longe, dont une première extrémité est en général accrochée au point d'encordement d'un harnais, doit avantageusement présenter une longueur la plus variable possible. Ainsi, lorsque son autre extrémité n'est pas accrochée, cette longe doit être la plus courte possible en position de repos, afin de permettre sa prise en main aisée par l'utilisateur. En revanche, notamment lorsque son autre extrémité est reliée à un amarrage, cette longe doit être la plus longue possible en configuration étirée, afin d'autoriser un déplacement sans blocage de l'utilisateur.These known lanyards are not totally satisfactory, particularly because of their relatively low elongation rate. This rate, which corresponds to the ratio of the lengths presented respectively by the loin in maximum stretching position and in rest position, is a fundamental parameter of a lanyard. Indeed, it is conceivable that a lanyard, a first end is generally attached to the point of attachment of a harness, must advantageously have a length as variable as possible. Thus, when its other end is not hooked, this lanyard must be as short as possible in the rest position, to allow its easy handling by the user. On the other hand, especially when its other end is connected to a mooring, this lanyard must be the longest possible stretched configuration, to allow a movement without blocking the user.

Objet de l'inventionObject of the invention

Ceci étant précisé, l'invention vise à réaliser une longe de sécurité présentant un taux d'allongement bien supérieur à celui permis dans les solutions antérieures. Elle vise également à réaliser une telle longe, qui présente une résistance élevée et s'affranchit de l'utilisation d'un mécanisme d'enroulement.This being said, the invention aims to provide a safety lanyard with a rate of elongation much higher than that allowed in the previous solutions. It also aims to achieve such a lanyard, which has a high resistance and avoids the use of a winding mechanism.

La longe selon l'invention est remarquable en ce que les fils élastiques définissent au moins une zone longitudinale de tissage, dans laquelle ils sont tissés sur une unique face de la gaine, chaque zone de tissage étant propre à former, en position de repos, une zone de cintrage de la longe, dans laquelle les fils élastiques sont repliés sur eux-mêmes.The lanyard according to the invention is remarkable in that the elastic threads define at least one longitudinal weaving zone, in which they are woven on a single face of the sheath, each weaving zone being able to form, in the rest position, a bending zone of the loin, in which the elastic threads are folded on themselves.

Le fait de replier sur eux-mêmes les fils élastiques, de façon à créer des zones de cintrage, permet de réduire l'encombrement global de la longe dans sa position de repos. En effet on conçoit aisément que la distance totale, séparant les deux extrémités de cette longe, est alors bien inférieure à la longueur totale des fils élastiques. Dans ces conditions, l'action de déplier la longe permet d'augmenter considérablement cette distance totale. De plus, cette augmentation peut être obtenue sans nécessairement exercer une tension forte sur la longe, ce qui est particulièrement favorable à son intégrité mécanique et à sa longévité. Enfin, la nature élastique des fils permet de ramener naturellement la longe dans son état de repos, sans utiliser d'équipement auxiliaire tel qu'un enrouleur.Folding on themselves the elastic son, so as to create bending zones, reduces the overall size of the lanyard in its rest position. Indeed, it is easy to see that the total distance separating the two ends of this lanyard is then much less than the total length of the elastic threads. In these conditions, the action of unfolding the lanyard makes it possible to considerably increase this total distance. In addition, this increase can be obtained without necessarily exerting a strong tension on the lanyard, which is particularly favorable to its integrity. mechanical and its longevity. Finally, the elastic nature of the son allows to naturally bring the loin back to its rest state, without using auxiliary equipment such as a retractor.

On notera que, par comparaison, les fils élastiques des longes antérieures présentent une configuration globalement rectiligne, aussi bien au repos qu'en position étirée. En d'autres termes, l'encombrement total de la longe au repos correspond à la longueur de cette âme élastique. Par conséquent, la possibilité d'allongement est uniquement permise par la capacité d'étirement des fils élastiques, soit en général 100%. En revanche, conformément à l'invention, la capacité d'allongement peut atteindre 500%, sans pour autant contraindre les fils élastiques de façon maximale.It will be noted that, by comparison, the elastic yarns of the front lanyards have a generally rectilinear configuration, both at rest and in a stretched position. In other words, the total size of the lanyard at rest corresponds to the length of this elastic core. Therefore, the possibility of elongation is only allowed by the stretching capacity of the elastic threads, generally 100%. On the other hand, according to the invention, the elongation capacity can reach 500%, without necessarily constraining the elastic threads in a maximal way.

La longe de l'invention peut comporter tout ou partie des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou selon toute combinaison techniquement possible :

  • chaque zone de cintrage forme au repos un secteur circulaire, dont le centre est situé du côté de la face de la gaine, tissée avec les fils élastiques
  • la dimension axiale de chaque zone de tissage avec les fils élastiques est supérieure à 3 cm, notamment voisine de 4 cm
  • les zones de tissage avec les fils élastiques s'étendent de façon alternée, sur l'une puis l'autre des faces de la gaine
  • chaque zone de cintrage s'étend sur au moins un demi-tour, notamment selon un angle compris entre 180 et 270°, de sorte que deux lignes de jonction entre des zones de tissage consécutives, sont adjacentes.
  • les lignes de jonction entre des zones de tissage consécutives, sont alignées en position de repos, selon un axe longitudinal de la longe.
  • les fils élastiques sont tissés sur une unique face de la gaine, de sorte que la longe affecte en position de repos une forme d'escargot.
  • la ou les zone(s) longitudinale(s) de tissage s'étendent sur la majorité, notamment sur sensiblement la totalité de la dimension axiale de la longe
  • les fils élastiques forment des fils de chaîne et, pour une zone de tissage donnée, ces fils élastiques représentent entre 5 et 20% de la totalité des fils de chaîne.
The lanyard of the invention may comprise all or some of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
  • each bending zone forms at rest a circular sector, whose center is located on the side of the face of the sheath, woven with the elastic threads
  • the axial dimension of each weaving zone with the elastic threads is greater than 3 cm, especially close to 4 cm
  • the weaving zones with the elastic threads extend alternately, on one and then the other of the faces of the sheath
  • each bending zone extends over at least one half-turn, in particular at an angle of between 180 and 270 °, so that two junction lines between consecutive weaving zones are adjacent.
  • the junction lines between consecutive weaving zones are aligned in the rest position along a longitudinal axis of the lanyard.
  • the elastic threads are woven on a single face of the sheath, so that the loin affects in the rest position a snail shape.
  • the longitudinal zone (s) of weaving extend over the majority, in particular over substantially the entire axial dimension of the lanyard
  • the elastic yarns form warp yarns and, for a given weaving area, these elastic yarns represent between 5% and 20% of the total number of warp yarns.

L'invention concerne aussi un procédé de fabrication d'une longe telle que ci-dessus, dans lequel on étire les fils élastiques, on tisse ces fils étirés avec au moins une première série de fils formant une première face de la gaine, sans les tisser avec les fils de la face opposée, de façon à former au moins une zone de tissage, et on relâche la tension exercée sur ces fils élastiques, de sorte que la ou chaque zone de tissage forme une zone de cintrage de la longe.The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a lanyard as above, in which the elastic threads are stretched, these drawn threads are woven with at least a first series of threads forming a first face of the sheath, without the weaving with the yarns of the opposite face, so as to form at least one weaving zone, and releasing the tension exerted on these elastic yarns, so that the or each weaving zone forms a bending zone of the loin.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et représenté aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une longe conforme à l'invention;
  • les figures 2 et 3 représentent à plus grande échelle, sous deux angles différents, la fabrication de la longe de la figure 1,
  • la figure 4 représente, vue de face et à plus grande échelle, la longe conforme à l'invention dans sa position de repos,
  • la figure 5 est une vue schématique, montrant la possibilité d'allongement de la longe conforme à l'invention, et
  • la figure 6 illustre une variante de réalisation de la longe conforme à l'invention.
Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of an embodiment of the invention given by way of non-limiting example, and represented in the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a lanyard according to the invention;
  • the Figures 2 and 3 represent on a larger scale, from two different angles, the production of the loin of the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 4 represents, front view and on a larger scale, the lanyard according to the invention in its rest position,
  • the figure 5 is a schematic view, showing the possibility of lengthening the lanyard according to the invention, and
  • the figure 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the lanyard according to the invention.

Description d'un mode de réalisation préférentielDescription of a preferred embodiment

La longe 1 conforme à l'invention, représentée de façon partielle sur les figures 1 à 4, comprend une gaine tubulaire 10, réalisée essentiellement en un matériau non étirable, ainsi qu'un ensemble de fils élastiques décrits plus en détail ci-après. On note 11 et 12 les deux faces opposées de cette gaine, laquelle présente une forme aplatie. Le matériau non étirable, qui est par exemple du polyamide ou du polyester haute ténacité, possède une capacité d'allongement très faible en condition normale d'utilisation de la longe. Cette capacité est très inférieure à celle du matériau élastique constitutif des fils, à savoir par exemple un élastomère tel du latex ou du Iycra™.The lanyard 1 according to the invention, represented partially on the Figures 1 to 4 , comprises a tubular sheath 10, made essentially of a non-stretchable material, and a set of elastic son described in more detail below. 11 and 12 denote the two opposite faces of this sheath, which has a flattened shape. The non-stretchable material, which is for example polyamide or high-tenacity polyester, has a very low elongation capacity under normal use of the loin. This capacity is much lower than that of the constituent elastic material of the yarns, namely for example an elastomer such as latex or Iycra ™.

Comme le montrent les figures 2 et 3, la gaine est tissée à partir de fils de chaîne et de fils de trame. Selon l'invention, on utilise tout d'abord une majorité de fils de chaîne CH11 et CH12 en matériau non étirable, destinés à former les deux faces 11 et 12. On utilise également une certaine proportion de fils de chaîne élastiques CH2, dits fils de chaîne de liaison. Cela est plus particulièrement visible à la figure 3, qui illustre aussi des fils de trame T1, T3 et T5 de la première face de la gaine.As shown by Figures 2 and 3 the sheath is woven from warp yarns and weft yarns. According to the invention, a majority of CH11 and CH12 warp yarns are used as non-stretchable material intended to form the two faces 11 and 12. A certain proportion of CH2 elastic warp yarns, known as yarns, are also used. link chain. This is particularly visible in the figure 3 , which also illustrates weft threads T1, T3 and T5 of the first face of the sheath.

La proportion des fils de liaison CH2, par rapport à l'ensemble des fils de chaîne utilisés pour une face donnée, à savoir CH11 + CH2, ou bien CH12 + CH2, est comprise entre 5 et 20%. Cette plage est relative au nombre de fils élastiques CH2, étant entendu que ces derniers sont présents entre 15 et 30% en poids de l'ensemble des fils de chaîne, car leur dimension transversale est plus importante. On tisse les fils de liaison à l'état tendu, avec un taux d'allongement compris entre 50 et 100%, notamment voisin de 70%. Par ailleurs, on utilise des fils de trame non étirables, étant entendu qu'on peut faire appel à certains fils élastiques, sans que ce soit décisif.The proportion of the CH2 bonding yarns, relative to the set of warp yarns used for a given face, namely CH11 + CH2, or else CH12 + CH2, is between 5 and 20%. This range is relative to the number of elastic son CH2, it being understood that these are present between 15 and 30% by weight of all the warp son, because their transverse dimension is greater. The bonding yarns are woven in the stretched state, with an elongation ratio of between 50 and 100%, in particular close to 70%. Furthermore, non-stretchable weft yarns are used, it being understood that certain elastic yarns can be used, without being decisive.

Comme le montre notamment la figure 2, les fils de chaîne de liaison CH2 sont tout d'abord tissés uniquement avec les fils de trame T1, T3, ..., T2n-1 de la première face 11 de la gaine, mais en revanche pas avec ceux T2, ..., T2n de l'autre face 12. On retrouve ainsi une première zone de solidarisation par tissage Z1, dite longitudinale car elle s'étend selon la dimension principale de la longe. Ces fils de liaison CH2 sont ensuite tissés uniquement avec les fils de trame T2n+2, ..., T2m de l'autre face 12 de la gaine, le long d'une seconde zone de solidarisation longitudinale Z2, mais en revanche pas avec ceux T2n+1, ..., T2m+1 de la première face 11. De façon avantageuse, chaque zone présente une dimension axiale, ou longueur, supérieure à 3 cm (centimètres), et une longueur typique de 4 cm.As shown in particular figure 2 , CH2 link chain son are first woven only with the weft son T1, T3, ..., T2n-1 of the first face 11 of the sheath, but not with those T2, .. ., T2n of the other face 12. There is thus a first zone of solidarity by weaving Z1, called longitudinal because it extends along the main dimension of the loin. These CH2 bonding yarns are then woven only with the weft threads T2n + 2, ..., T2m of the other face 12 of the sheath, along a second longitudinal fastening zone Z2, but on the other hand not with those T2n + 1, ..., T2m + 1 of the first face 11. Advantageously, each zone has an axial dimension, or length, greater than 3 cm (centimeters), and a typical length of 4 cm.

On retrouve par conséquent une succession de telles zones, placées de façon alternée de part et d'autre de la gaine. Le long de chaque zone, les fils de liaison coopèrent avec une unique face donnée de la gaine, alors qu'ils sont indépendants de l'autre face. De façon avantageuse, ces zones présentent sensiblement la même longueur. On note L1, L2, ..., Ln les différentes lignes de jonction entre deux zones adjacentes, correspondant au passage des fils de liaison d'une face à l'autre de l'âme. De façon typique, une longe comporte entre 15 et 30 zones de solidarisation successives, telles que décrites ci-dessus.There is therefore a succession of such areas, placed alternately on both sides of the sheath. Along each zone, the connecting wires cooperate with a single given face of the sheath, while they are independent of the other face. Advantageously, these zones have substantially the same length. We denote L1, L2, ..., Ln the different lines of junction between two adjacent zones, corresponding to the passage of the connecting son from one side to the other of the soul. Typically, a lanyard comprises between 15 and 30 successive securing zones, as described above.

Au terme du tissage, lorsqu'on stoppe l'effort de tension, la nature élastique des fils contribue à les raccourcir. De plus, la liaison locale entre les fils élastiques et la gaine crée un retrait de la face liée de celle-ci, par rapport à sa face libre. Par conséquent, les fils élastiques tendent à se replier sur eux-mêmes. Les zones de solidarisation successives Z1 à Zn forment alors des zones de cintrage de la longe, définissant globalement des portions de cercle dont les centres C1 à Cn sont disposés de façon alternée de part et d'autre de l'âme. Il est avantageux que ces zones s'étendent sur une majorité, voire sensiblement sur la totalité de la longe. On conçoit en effet que de telles zones de cintrage permettent de réduire d'autant plus l'encombrement de la longe au repos. La figure 4 illustre la coopération des différents fils de chaîne et de trame de la figure 2, après repli sur eux-mêmes des fils élastiques.At the end of weaving, when the tension force is stopped, the elastic nature of the threads contributes to shortening them. In addition, the local connection between the elastic son and the sheath creates a withdrawal of the bonded face thereof, relative to its free face. As a result, the elastic threads tend to fold on themselves. The successive zones of fastening Z1 to Zn then form bending zones of the lanyard, generally defining portions of a circle whose centers C1 to Cn are arranged alternately on either side of the core. It is advantageous for these zones to extend over a majority or even substantially the entire length of the lanyard. Indeed, it is conceivable that such bending zones can reduce all the more the size of the lanyard at rest. The figure 4 illustrates the cooperation of the various warp and weft threads of the figure 2 , after folding on themselves elastic threads.

De façon avantageuse, chaque zone de cintrage s'étend selon un angle légèrement supérieur à 180°, de sorte que deux lignes transversales de jonction sont adjacentes. Ceci permet de réduire, dans une mesure supplémentaire, l'encombrement global de la longe dans sa position de repos. De plus, comme vu ci-dessus, les zones de solidarisation sont sensiblement de même longueur, de sorte que les lignes de jonction sont alignées. Dans ces conditions, on définit X-X l'axe longitudinal de la longe en position de repos, lequel passe par ces différentes lignes.Advantageously, each bending zone extends at an angle slightly greater than 180 °, so that two transverse lines of junction are adjacent. This reduces, to an additional extent, the overall size of the lanyard in its rest position. In addition, as seen above, the securing zones are substantially of the same length, so that the connecting lines are aligned. Under these conditions, XX defines the longitudinal axis of the lanyard in the rest position, which passes through these different lines.

La figure 5 représente les deux positions fonctionnelles de la longe, à savoir sa position de repos pour laquelle aucun effort n'est exercé sur cette longe, ainsi que sa position d'étirement maximal. Dans la position de repos les fils élastiques sont, soit détendus, soit soumis à une légère contrainte résiduelle. On note E l'encombrement total de la longe au repos, correspondant à la distance séparant ses deux extrémités axiales. Du fait de la présence des nombreuses zones de cintrage, on conçoit que cet encombrement est relativement faible.The figure 5 represents the two functional positions of the lanyard, namely its rest position for which no effort is exerted on the lanyard, as well as its maximum stretching position. In the rest position, the elastic threads are either relaxed or subjected to a slight residual stress. E is the total size of the lanyard at rest, corresponding to the distance separating its two axial ends. Due to the presence of the many bending zones, it is conceivable that this size is relatively small.

Lorsqu'on déplie la longe, les fils élastiques s'étirent progressivement. Au terme de ce mouvement, ces fils retrouvent à peu près leur position sensiblement rectiligne, correspondant à celle qu'ils occupent pendant le tissage, comme illustré à la figure 2. Dans ces conditions, la longe affecte elle aussi une forme rectiligne, et on note Lmax la distance entre ses deux extrémités, dans cette position d'étirement maximal. Comme le montre la figure 5, le rapport entre Lmax et E est très supérieur à 1, par exemple voisin de 5 ou 6, ce qui est à comparer avec l'art antérieur pour lequel ce rapport est en général voisin de 2.When unfolding the loin, the elastic threads stretch gradually. At the end of this movement, these threads find their position approximately rectilinear, corresponding to the one they occupy during the weaving, as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 . Under these conditions, the loin also affects a rectilinear shape, and Lmax is noted the distance between its two ends, in this maximum stretching position. As shown in figure 5 , the ratio between Lmax and E is much greater than 1, for example close to 5 or 6, which is to be compared with the prior art for which this ratio is in general close to 2.

La figure 6 est une variante de réalisation de la longe 101 de l'invention, pour laquelle les fils de chaîne élastiques sont tissés sur une unique face 111 de la gaine 110, sensiblement sur l'intégralité de cette dernière. Le mode de tissage est alors analogue à celui du premier mode de réalisation, illustré à la figure 2. Lorsqu'on relâche la tension sur les fils élastiques, au terme de ce tissage, ces derniers se replient sur eux-mêmes à la manière d'un escargot, à savoir qu'ils forment en tout point un arrondi dont le centre C est invariant.The figure 6 is an alternative embodiment of the lanyard 101 of the invention, wherein the elastic warp son are woven on a single face 111 of the sheath 110, substantially on all of the latter. The weaving mode is then analogous to that of the first embodiment, illustrated in FIG. figure 2 . When the tension is released on the elastic threads, at the end of this weaving, the latter fold back on themselves in the manner of a snail, namely that they form at all points a rounding whose center C is invariant .

Claims (10)

Longe de sécurité (1 ; 101), mobile par élasticité entre une position de repos et une position étirée, comprenant une gaine tubulaire (10 ; 110) réalisée en un matériau non étirable, et un ensemble de fils élastiques (CH2) liés à la gaine,
caractérisée en ce que les fils élastiques (CH2) définissent au moins une zone longitudinale de tissage (Z1, Zn), dans laquelle ils sont tissés sur une unique face (11, 12 ; 111) de la gaine, chaque zone de tissage étant propre à former, en position de repos, une zone de cintrage de la longe, dans laquelle les fils élastiques sont repliés sur eux-mêmes.Safety lanyard (1; 101), resiliently movable between a resting position and a stretched position, comprising a tubular sheath (10; 110) made of a non-stretchable material, and a set of elastic strands (CH2) connected to the sheath,
characterized in that the elastic yarns (CH2) define at least one longitudinal weaving zone (Z1, Zn), in which they are woven on a single face (11, 12; 111) of the sheath, each weaving zone being clean. forming, in the rest position, a bending zone of the lanyard, in which the elastic threads are folded on themselves. Longe de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que chaque zone de cintrage (Z1, ..., Zn) forme au repos un secteur circulaire, dont le centre (C1, ..., Cn) est situé du côté de la face de la gaine, tissée avec les fils élastiques.Safety lanyard according to claim 1, characterized in that each bending zone (Z1, ..., Zn) forms at rest a circular sector whose center (C1, ..., Cn) is situated on the side of the face of the sheath, woven with elastic threads. Longe de sécurité selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la dimension axiale de chaque zone de tissage (Z1, ..., Zn) avec les fils élastiques est supérieure à 3 cm, de préférence voisine de 4 cm.Safety lanyard according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axial dimension of each weaving zone (Z1, ..., Zn) with the elastic threads is greater than 3 cm, preferably close to 4 cm. Longe de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les zones de tissage (Z1, ..., Zn) avec les fils élastiques s'étendent de façon alternée, sur l'une (11, 12) puis l'autre (12, 11) des faces de la gaine (10).Safety lanyard according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the weaving areas (Z1, ..., Zn) with the elastic threads extend alternately on one (11, 12). then the other (12, 11) of the faces of the sheath (10). Longe de sécurité selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que chaque zone de cintrage (Z1, ..., Zn) s'étend sur au moins un demi-tour, notamment selon un angle compris entre 180 et 270°, de sorte que deux lignes de jonction (L1, ..., Ln) entre des zones de tissage consécutives, sont adjacentes.Safety lanyard according to claim 4, characterized in that each bending zone (Z1, ..., Zn) extends over at least one half-turn, in particular at an angle of between 180 and 270 °, so that two joining lines (L1, ..., Ln) between consecutive weaving areas are adjacent. Longe de sécurité selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que les lignes de jonction (L1, ..., Ln) entre des zones de tissage consécutives, sont alignées en position de repos, selon un axe longitudinal (X-X) de la longe.Safety lanyard according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the connecting lines (L1, ..., Ln) between consecutive weaving zones are aligned in the rest position, along a longitudinal axis (XX) of the lanyard. Longe de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les fils élastiques sont tissés sur une unique face (111) de la gaine (110), de sorte que la longe (101) affecte en position de repos une forme d'escargot.Safety lanyard according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the elastic threads are woven on a single face (111) of the sheath (110), so that the lanyard (101) affects in the rest position a snail shape. Longe de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la ou les zone(s) longitudinale(s) de tissage s'étende(nt) sur la majorité, notamment sur sensiblement la totalité de la dimension axiale de la longe.Safety lanyard according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal zone (s) of weaving extend over the majority, in particular over substantially the entire axial dimension of the lanyard. Longe de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les fils élastiques forment des fils de chaîne (CH2) et, pour une zone de tissage donnée, ces fils élastiques représentent entre 5 et 20% de la totalité des fils de chaîne (CH11 + CH2, CH12 + CH2).Safety lanyard according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastic threads form warp threads (CH2) and, for a given weaving area, these elastic threads represent between 5% and 20% of all the threads of chain (CH11 + CH2, CH12 + CH2). Procédé de fabrication d'une longe conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on étire les fils élastiques (CH2), on tisse ces fils étirés avec au moins une première série de fils (CH11, CH12) formant une première face (11, 12) de la gaine, sans les tisser avec les fils (CH12, CH11) de la face opposée (12, 11), de façon à former au moins une zone de tissage (Z1, ..., Zn), et on relâche la tension exercée sur ces fils élastiques, de sorte que la ou chaque zone de tissage forme une zone de cintrage de la longe.A method of manufacturing a lanyard according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastic threads (CH2) are stretched, these drawn threads are woven with at least a first series of threads (CH11, CH12) forming a first face (11, 12) of the sheath, without weaving them with the threads (CH12, CH11) of the opposite face (12, 11), so as to form at least one weaving zone (Z1, ..., Zn), and releasing the tension exerted on these elastic threads, so that the or each weaving zone forms a bending zone of the loin.
EP11354079.3A 2010-12-22 2011-12-14 Lanyard and manufacturing method thereof Not-in-force EP2468933B1 (en)

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CN102587031A (en) 2012-07-18
FR2969500A1 (en) 2012-06-29
EP2468933B1 (en) 2015-07-22
FR2969500B1 (en) 2013-01-25
CN102587031B (en) 2014-12-10
US20120161376A1 (en) 2012-06-28

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