EP2468492A2 - Device for pre-tensioning a machine frame, machine frame and press and pull device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (20) has a tie rod (21) provided with rod head (22,23) for placement on the machine frame (50). A tension element (24) is provided for absorbing tensile forces between the rod heads. The tension element is extended along a tension distance (25) of the tie rod. One of the two rod heads is provided with reversing device (26) used for reversing the direction for the tension element. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) machine frame; and (2) pressing and drawing device.

Description

The invention relates to a device for biasing a machine frame with a tie rod comprising a first and a further anchor head for placing on the machine frame and comprising a tension member for receiving tensile forces between the anchor heads, wherein the tension member extends along a tensile length of the tie rod.

The invention also relates to a machine frame having an upper crosshead and a lower crosshead for receiving machining forces introduced into the machine frame, with frame elements for spacing the crossheads from one another and with at least one tie rod acting between the crossheads, wherein the tie rod has a tension element and two anchor heads having the ends of the tension element and wherein the tie rod is mounted by means of the anchor heads on the crossheads.

Moreover, the invention relates to a pressing or pulling device with a machine frame and with a device for biasing the machine frame.

Generic clamping devices in machine frames, in particular in pressing or drawing devices, are well known from the prior art. Frequently, such machine frames are designed in column construction. This means that tie rods of the tensioners often consist of solid steel columns capable of absorbing both tensile and compressive forces. Another disadvantage is the weight-heavy design, which in particular makes it difficult to assemble such machine frames. This is especially true when solid steel columns are used as tie rods. In addition, the dimensions, in particular the length, of such a steel column hinder, since it is often in pressing devices in particular several meters high presses.

Well known and, for example, in the JP 2001-058238 A discloses are Pressvornchtungen in which between a head and a subordinate one hand only on train claimed clamping rods and on the other hand pressure-resistant spacers are arranged.

For example, in the published patent application DE 22 39 147 A1 and the utility model JP 54-150181 U a press frame or a similar, high alternating tensile stresses exposed machine frame described in which between a crosshead and a lower beam on the one hand only on train stressed tendons and on the other hand pressure and dimensionally stable spacers are arranged. The tension members made of high-strength steel wires, despite their small cross-sections, reliably absorb the largest compression pressures to the intended extent. For this purpose, the DE 22 39 147 A1 Each tendon on a plurality of substantially parallel to each other running high-strength steel wires, which are braced by means of clamping nuts respectively on the crosshead and lower beam. Each one steel wire reveals the JP 54-150181 U , Thus, each of the high-strength steel wires extends once from the crosshead to the lower beam. The individual high-strength steel wires of the tendon are easier to handle than a tie rod with a solid steel column. In this respect, the disadvantages of column-type press racks can be avoided.

In another press with a press frame in prestressed construction, which in the published patent application DE 23 31 318 A1 is described, consist of corresponding tension members from packages of sheet metal slats, wherein the sheet metal slats run once from a cylinder spar to a counter-spar of the press frame. The individual Blechlammelen are each clamped together as a laminated core at their ends by means of pressure supports, so that in each case a tension member for the press frame is created. Again, the individual Blechlammelen, especially during assembly, easier to handle than a tie rod with a solid steel column. However, the Blechlammelen still build very high, if it is a press of several meters in height.

In the further disclosure DE 25 32 108 A1 is described a press frame in which a tie rod consists of a prestressed sheath of individual bands or wires. The pretensioned jacket is placed around a yoke and around supports of the press frame and in the foot area of the press frame are the individual bands or wires each anchored in the press frame, whereby the prestressed jacket holds the press frame together. Here, each of the individual bands or wires passes once around the yoke. In this construction, the prestressed jacket absorbs the machining forces acting in the press, thereby relieving the other frame components.

In the published patent application DE 15 75 278 A1 a machine frame made of prestressed concrete is shown. In this case, the machine frame consists of a core storing the clamping forces and a cladding construction homogeneously connected to this core, wherein a winding of the high-strength steel wire or strip generating the tension in the press body lies between the core and the cladding construction. The winding holds together here a lower part and an upper part of the press body by being biased accordingly. By means of the winding then tensile and bending stresses can be absorbed in the machine frame of prestressed concrete. Although it can be dispensed with the use of classic tie rods in this construction. However, the prestressed concrete machine frame is very heavy, making it unsuitable for large presses.

From the layouts DE 28 18 511 B1 and DE 30 07 975 B1 Another press frame is known in which an upper rail and a lower rail with uprights are spaced from each other. The press frame has a clamping device with a plurality of individual clamping elements, which are each stored or anchored with suitable anchoring elements on the upper spar and on the lower spar. At least one of the spars has an arcuate Umschlingungsauflager on the clamping elements. The clamping elements may be monofilament prestressing steels in the form of round steel or strip steel or tensioning cables constructed therefrom. Each of the tensioning cables is guided from a first anchoring element to a second anchoring element, wherein the respective tensioning cable is deflected at one of the spars. The tensioning cables are tensioned in the region of the anchoring elements by means of suitable tensioning devices, so that the upper beam, the lower beam and the stands arranged therebetween are prestressed to the press frame and the tensioning cables can absorb machining forces within the press frame. By using and guiding the tensioning cable can be dispensed with massive steel columns. However, the installation of the press frame on site designed relatively complex because the tensioning cables must be guided through the complete press frame. This is quite difficult for large presses with correspondingly large-sized tensioning cables.

It is an object of the present invention to further develop generic pretensioning devices in such a way that they are much simpler in design and thus faster to assemble and yet satisfy extremely high stresses.

The object of the invention is a device for pretensioning a machine frame with a tie rod comprising a first and a further anchor head for placing on the machine frame and comprising a tension element for absorbing tensile forces between the anchor heads, wherein the tension element extends along a tensile length of the tie rod, dissolved, and wherein the device is characterized in that at least one of the two anchor heads, preferably both anchor heads, comprises means for reversing the direction of the tension element.

Due to the device for reversing the direction of the anchor head or tie rods on the whole a particularly simple construction. This is due in particular to the fact that it is possible to dispense with a plurality of anchoring and tensioning devices for individual tension members, as required in the prior art, since only a single tension element can be used, which is deflected several times.

A particularly noteworthy advantage is the fact that when tensioning the tie rods or the pretensioner per tie rods only only a single tension element needs to be biased, which significantly simplifies the assembly effort. This is particularly advantageous with regard to machine frames with a dimension of several meters in height. It is understood that, if necessary, more tension elements can also be provided per tie rod, so that the aforementioned advantage is reduced but nevertheless noticeably present.

The term "tie rod" in the present case describes any devices that are used in machine frames to accommodate tensile stresses within a machine frame. Such tensile stresses arise within the machine frame, for example, by pressing pressures on presses. It is understood that the tie rod may also include pressure bar or push rods or may be suitable to absorb pressure forces or other forces. However, these are not mandatory in the present case, since such printing devices are ideally provided by a machine frame. In this respect, the structure of the present biasing device or the tie rod further simplified.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "tension element" encompasses any devices which can, however, absorb tensile forces only to a limited extent or only under pressure. For example, a pulling element consist of wires. This already follows from the fact that the device for direction reversal requires a corresponding bending of the tension element, wherein any devices that are correspondingly bendable, are accordingly unstable against compressive forces or other forces that are not tensile forces.

Advantageously, the tension element is designed as a traction cable, in particular as a steel cable. Likewise, the tension member may be a rod, for example a steel rod, or even a band, for example a narrow sheet, e.g. made of steel. However, stranded structures prove to be particularly advantageous in terms of good force absorption, in particular with respect to a force-to-weight ratio.

The term "pull rope" is essentially an elongated, limp and ideally elastic element composed of composite wires for transmitting tensile forces. On a possible structure of such a pull rope is not discussed in detail herein, since such pull ropes are well known from the prior art.

Advantageously, the tie rod can be equipped only with a single tension element. In this case, the entire apparatus for biasing the machine frame is extremely simple.

It is understood that in a specific embodiment, it is also possible that the tie rod comprises more than one tension element.

The device for reversing direction can be designed in many ways. Structurally particularly simple, it can be realized if at least one of the anchor heads, preferably both anchor heads, has a convexly configured deflection region for the tension element. Advantageously, as a result of this, the traction element can be deflected particularly gently several times on the anchor heads and thus repeatedly guided along the traction path of the tie rod.

Ideally, the tension element is deflected around a convex deflection region, which is located on the opposite side of the tensile length of the tie rod. As a result, the anchor head can be designed and manufactured particularly simple.

Also can be achieved structurally very simply a particularly high bias of the machine frame by such a multiple deflection only a single tension element. Accordingly, the maximum achievable processing forces, for example, pressing pressures on a press, can be selected to be correspondingly high.

In this respect, the object of the invention is also achieved by a machine frame having an upper crosshead and a lower crosshead for receiving machining forces introduced into the machine frame, with frame elements for spacing the crossheads from each other and with at least one tie rod acting between the two crossheads, in which the tie rod two anchor heads at the ends of the tie rod and an effective between the anchor heads tension element and wherein the tie rod is mounted by means of the anchor heads on the crossheads, wherein the tension element is arranged several times between the anchor heads of Zugsankers by the tension element around at least one of the anchor heads around is arranged steered.

As already described above with regard to the tensioning device, the entire machine frame also experiences a particularly simple construction when the tension element is arranged around or turned around at least one of the anchor heads.

In this respect, it is possible in particular to dispense with tensioning and / or anchoring devices on this anchor head, so that assembly and / or maintenance work is also possible a setting of a correct bias of the machine frame is much easier.

At this point, for the sake of completeness, it should be pointed out that the machine frame can also be arranged lying, so that machining forces, such as press forces of a press, can act horizontally and not only vertically.

A particularly noteworthy embodiment provides that the tension element is guided by a first anchor head to a further anchor head and / or vice versa several times such that the breaking strength of the tie rod is greater than the breaking strength of the tension element.

For example, the tensile strength of the tie rod can be twice as high as the breaking strength of the single tension member when the tension member is passed twice between the two anchor heads along the tensile length of the tie rod.

If the tension element is guided between the two anchor heads along the length of the pull as often as required, the tensile strength of the tie rod multiplies correspondingly with only a single tension element of the tie rod.

In this respect, not only the machine frame but already the biasing device according to the invention or their tie rods can be made particularly compact hereby. Nevertheless, in this case a particularly high bias is achieved, which advantageously also correspondingly high machining forces are possible.

Furthermore, the machine frame is characterized by supports for supporting the anchor heads, wherein at least one of the supports comprises a passage for the tension element and wherein the passage has a base area which is larger than an anchor head base surface, in particular the mounting of the tie rods on the machine frame substantially simplify, since the anchor heads can be performed together with the tension element through the support or through the machine frame. As a result, Einfädelarbeiten, especially in deviation from corresponding massive Zugstäben significantly simplify.

For attaching the tie rod to the support, it is advantageous if the respective anchor head is mounted transversely to the longitudinal extent of the associated implementation aligned with the support. Thus, the anchor head needs to be rotated after passing through the implementation of the support only about 90 ° about its vertical axis and stored on the support to be mounted on the machine frame quickly and easily.

It is understood that a rotation of the anchor heads can also be superfluous, if between the anchor head ends of an anchor head and the support corresponding support brackets are placed, by means of which the implementation can be bridged. The support blocks can be used in particular as clamping elements or as components of the clamping device.

It is understood that the above-described embodiment of support and anchor head also independent of the other features of the present invention respectively for a machine frame with an upper crosshead and a lower crosshead for receiving introduced into the machine frame machining forces, with frame elements for spacing the crossheads from each other and with at least one acting between the crossheads tie rods, wherein the tie rod has two anchor heads at the ends of the tie rod and an effective between the anchor heads tension element and in which the tie rod is mounted by means of the anchor heads on the crossheads, is advantageous.

The tension member can be particularly accurately biased within the machine frame, when the support comprises means for tensioning the tie rod with clamping elements, wherein the clamping elements between contact surfaces of the anchor head and bearing surfaces of the support are arranged.

Here, the clamping elements can be varied in shape. Particularly simple, the tie rod can be easily and reliably biased when the clamping elements comprise clamping wedges.

In this respect, a preferred embodiment of the invention also provides that the clamping device cumulatively or alternatively comprises means for tensioning the tie rod and the means for clamping a wedge-shaped clamping element, preferably two wedge-shaped clamping elements having. This means for clamping is particularly advantageous if the supports of a machine frame are not equipped with such a device for tensioning the tie rod.

Especially due to the wedge-shaped clamping elements, a bias can be made extremely accurate and also very easy, so it should be noted at this point that such a device for clamping known biasing devices advantageously without the other features.

In addition, the machine frame can advantageously be further developed if it has a device for pretensioning the machine frame with one of the features described here.

It is also advantageous if at least one of the anchor heads, preferably both anchor heads, comprises abutment-side abutment surfaces for a clamping element of the tie rod. It is advantageous if the contact surfaces are concave, so that the clamping elements can cooperate particularly reliable with the anchor heads.

In order to fix the tension element structurally simple on an anchor head, it is furthermore advantageous if one of the two anchor heads has a device for receiving a fastening device of the tension element. Ideally, two attachment means of the tension member may be attached to the means for receiving.

Such a fastening device may be, for example, a wedge lock, a thimble, a forked cable sleeve or the like at the ends of the traction element.

Advantageously, in this case both ends of the tension element can be fastened to only one of the two anchor heads. This may cause an assembly of the tie rod or simplify maintenance work on the tie rod, since appropriate attachment work must be made only on one of the two anchor heads.

In this respect, a related advantageous embodiment provides that the anchor heads of the tie rod are designed asymmetrically.

The structure of the tie rod can be further simplified if the tension element is alternatively designed as Endloszugseil.

In such an embodiment can be dispensed with corresponding fastening means of the tension element or on corresponding means for receiving a fastening means of the tension element on the anchor heads, since the endless traction cable needs to be placed only around the anchor heads around without a special fastening device or the like is required.

If the tension element is arranged turned around at least one of the two anchor heads, pull segments of the tension element along the tensile length can advantageously be stretched on both sides of the anchor head in order to be able to absorb tensile forces.

In this respect, it is advantageous if the tension element is arranged on both sides of at least one of the two anchor heads. As a result, the forces can be distributed uniformly, for example, on the clamping elements.

Thus, it is advantageous if the tension member has more than one acting between the anchor heads train segment. As a result, the breaking strength of the tie rod can be multiplied.

It is furthermore advantageous if the tension element has more than one traction section region along the traction path, so that tensile forces acting on the traction element are distributed along the traction path to a plurality of traction segments of the traction element.

Advantageously, the tension element is arranged repeatedly from the first anchor head to the further anchor head and guided back, so that only a single tension element several train segments can act between the two anchor heads. hereby allows the tensile strength of the tie rod to multiply in a structurally particularly simple way.

A further advantageous embodiment variant accordingly provides in this context for the tension element to be guided along the tension path at least twice, preferably several times.

If the tension element has a length which is a multiple of the tension length, a single tension element can readily be guided repeatedly along the tension length, as a result of which the construction of the tension anchor can be further simplified, as already explained.

A further substantially simplified handling of the pretensioning device, in particular in the course of an assembly or a transport of the tension element or the tie rod, is given when the tension element is designed to be rollable.

It is understood that the tie rod can also comprise more than a single tension element. This makes sense, for example, if a single tension element would become too bulky with regard to its size and / or its weight.

A further advantageous embodiment provides that the tie rod is variably adjustable in height. For example, with a single tension element different Zugankerhöhen be adjusted by the tension element is more or less often performed along the train, as already explained several times.

As a result, different sized tie rods can be made possible with only a single standard length of a tension element.

In order to make easier a transport of the present biasing device, it is advantageous if the tie rod has a working height and at least one other height, such as a transport height and / or a mounting height, wherein the further height less than a third or less than that Can be half the working height. A transport height can then be selected very low, for example, by rolling up or collapsing without further ado, as a result of which the advantages of the present arrangement, especially during and before assembly, become clear.

It is understood that the present device for biasing a machine frame can be equipped with only a single tie rod. In most cases, the pretensioning device comprises at least two tie rods, preferably four tie rods, so that processing and tensile forces can be symmetrically introduced into and absorbed by the existing machine frame.

Accordingly, the object of the invention is in particular also achieved by a pressing or pulling device with a machine frame and with a device for pretensioning the machine frame, wherein the pressing or pulling device is characterized by a pretensioning device and / or a machine frame according to one of the features described herein.

Further advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be explained with reference to the following attached drawing, in which a pretensioner is exemplified with a tie rod and with four tie rods for a machine frame of a pressing device.

• Figur 1 schematisch eine Ansicht einer Presse mit einem herkömmlichen Pressengestell in
  Ständerbauweise nach dem Stand der Technik;
• Figur 2 schematisch eine Ansicht einer Spannvorrichtung eines Maschinengestells mit einem
  Zuganker umfassend ein einziges Zugelement;
• Figur 3 schematisch eine Ansicht eines Maschinengestells einer Presse mit einer Spannvorrichtung umfassend vier Zuganker mit jeweils einem einzigen Zugelement; und
• Figur 4 schematisch eine Aufsicht eines Querhauptes des Maschinengestells aus der Figur 3,

welches Auflager mit jeweils einer Durchführung für einen Ankerkopf eines Zugankers aufweist.In the drawing show:

• FIG. 1 schematically a view of a press with a conventional press frame in
  Stand construction according to the prior art;
• FIG. 2 schematically a view of a clamping device of a machine frame with a
  Tie rod comprising a single tension element;
• FIG. 3 schematically a view of a machine frame of a press with a clamping device comprising four tie rods, each with a single tension element; and
• FIG. 4 schematically a plan view of a crosshead of the machine frame of the FIG. 3 .

which support each having a passage for an anchor head of a tie rod.

The in the FIG. 1 shown press 1 has a typical known from the prior art construction of a press frame 2, which essentially comprises a cylinder spar 3 and a counter-spar 4, and a stator assembly 5 of four individual pressure supports 6 (here only exemplified). Within each of the pressure supports 6, a pull rod 7 made of steel is arranged in each case. Each of the tie rods 7 protrudes outside both over the cylinder spar 3 as also over the counter-spar 4 also, so that on the respective ends 8 and 9 of the tie rods 7 each have a clamping nut 10 and 11 (numbered here only by way of example) can be screwed. While the pressure supports 6 the cylinder spar 3 and the counter-spar 4 spaced from each other, the press frame 2 is biased by means of total of the tie rods 7. This is done by the two clamping nuts 10 and 11 of the respective drawbar 7 are tightened, so that the components cylinder spar 3, counter-member 4 and pressure supports 6 press against each other and the press frame 2 is biased in this case. The press frame 2 carries a pressing device 12, which consists essentially of an anvil 13 and a press ram 14 including a drive unit 15 with a cylinder which is arranged on the cylinder spar 3. The anvil 13, however, is provided on the counter-spar 4. When working the pressing device 12, high pressure forces 16, which must be absorbed by the press frame 2. For this purpose, the tie rods 7 are provided which counteract the compressive forces 16. In this respect, the tie rods 7 are claimed to train and must be correspondingly strong dimensions, so that the pressing forces 16 do not plastically deform the press frame 2. It is easy to imagine that the tie rods 7 must be designed very massive for large presses with several tons of pressing force, making them very difficult to build and correspondingly complex to handle, especially when installing the horizontal press 1. In addition, the biasing of the tie rods designed 7 as relatively expensive, since the clamping nuts 10 and 11 can often be mounted only with heavy equipment. For very large presses, such as the horizontal press 1 shown here, is aggravating added that the tie rods 7 are cumbersome to handle due to their large length. These are just a few reasons why press frame 2 are disadvantageous with conventional tie rods.

With the in the FIG. 2 shown biasing device 20, significant disadvantages of conventional devices are avoided.

The pretensioning device 20 has a tie rod 21, which consists essentially of a first anchor head 22, a further anchor head 23 and a single tension element 24.

In this case, the single tension element 24 extends from the first anchor head 22 to the further anchor head 23 along a tensile length 25 and absorbs tensile forces acting between the anchor heads 22 and 23.

In this embodiment, both anchor heads have a device 26 for direction reversal (only exemplified here with respect to the first anchor head 22) for the single tension element 24. This makes it possible between the two anchor heads 22 and 23 with only a single tension element 24 several train segments 27 act so that the breaking strength of the present tie rod 21 is a multiple of the breaking strength of the single tension member 24.

In this respect, the single tension element 24 has more than one tension section section 28 along the tension path 25, so that tensile forces acting on the single tension element 24 are distributed along the tension path 25 to a plurality of tension segments 27 of the single tension element 24.

The single tension element 24 is thus arranged several times from the first anchor head 22 to the further anchor head 23 and guided back. So that the single tension element 24 can be guided several times along the tensile length 25, it has a length which is the multiple of the tensile length 25. In this embodiment, the only tension member 24 consists of a pull rope 29 in the form of a steel cable.

It is understood that in alternative tie rods and other tension elements can be used as the pull cable 29 shown here.

In this respect, the single tension element 24 is designed to be rollable in this embodiment, so that it can be simply folded together, for example during transport of the present biasing device 20. Rolled up or collapsed, a transport volume of the tie rod 21 advantageously reduces by a multiple.

In this respect, the present tie rod 21 can assume a working height and at least one further height, such as, for example, an installation height and / or a transport height. the remaining height may be less than one third or less than half the working height.

Advantageously, the entire tie rod 21 is variably adjustable in height, since the only tension element 24-depending on the application requirement-can be deflected differently at the anchor heads 22 and 23, respectively.

A deflection at the anchor heads 22, 23 is particularly advantageous since both anchor heads 22, 23 have a convex deflection region 30 for the single tension element 24.

If the only tension element 24, as shown here, is not designed as an endless pull rope - which can then simply be placed around the respective deflection region 30 of the two anchor heads 22 and 23, it is advantageous if at least one of the two anchor heads 22, 23, in this embodiment, the further anchor head 23, a means 31 for receiving the fastening means 32 (only exemplified here) of the single tension element 24 has. Advantageously, both ends of the single tension element 24 are thus fastened to the further anchor head 23, whereby the assembly of the tie rod 21 is further simplified. In this respect, the two anchor heads 22 and 23 are configured asymmetrically in this embodiment. It is understood that in an alternative embodiment, the anchor heads can be designed symmetrically, which reduces the number of different parts, but it is still possible to attach the tension member 24 only to one of the anchor heads; but it can also be attached to both anchor heads.

In order to bias the biasing device 20 and the tie rod 21 in a suitable manner, the biasing device 20 has means 35, 36 for tensioning the tie rod 21, wherein the clamping device 35, 36 each wedge-shaped clamping elements 37 and 38 (here only by way of example with respect to the second clamping device 36 numbered). The wedge-shaped clamping elements 37, 38 are provided in this embodiment ankerkopfseitig with convex contact surfaces 39 (see figuring first clamping device 35). Accordingly, the two anchor heads 22, 23 have a concave design Contact surfaces 40 (here also only exemplified on the first clamping device 35), which are also part of the clamping device 35, 36.

In addition, the individual wedge-shaped clamping elements 37, 38 also have planar bearing surfaces 41 (numbered here only by way of example with regard to the second clamping device 36). By means of the flat bearing surfaces 41, the anchor heads 22, 23 via the wedge-shaped clamping elements 37, 38 on a suitable component of a machine frame 50 (see FIG. 3 ).

That in the FIG. 3 shown machine frame 50 has an upper crosshead 51, a lower crosshead 52 and frame members 53 (here only exemplified) for spacing the two Querhäupter 51 and 52 from each other, similar to the known press 1 of press frame 2, cylinder spar 3, counter-spar 4 and Ständerwerk. 5 ,

In this embodiment, the machine frame 50 carries a pressing device 54, not shown, but ultimately it does not matter in which way the tensile forces to be absorbed by the tie rods 21 are applied.

The machine frame 50 has a biasing device 20, which is equipped with a total of four tie rods 21 in this embodiment. The four tie rods 21 are structurally identical to that in the FIG. 2 To avoid repetition, a renewed explanation of the tie rods 21 on the machine frame 50 is dispensed with. Identical and / or equivalent components or component groups are provided in the present case with identical reference numerals.

In this respect, it should only be noted that the machine frame 50 undergoes a particularly simple structure, since at each of the tie rods 21, the single tension element 24 between the two anchor heads 22 and 23 along the train path 25 is arranged repeatedly guided by the single tension element 24 several times around the two anchor heads 22 and 23 arranged around.

In this respect, the breaking strength of each of the four tie rods 21 is greater than the breaking strength of the single tension member 24, so that the machine frame 50 can withstand particularly high machining forces.

It can be clearly seen that each of the anchor heads 22, 23 is mounted on the crossheads 51, 52 by means of the wedge-shaped clamping elements 37, 38 (here only being exemplified), the two crossheads 51 and 52 respectively bearing 55 for storage (only exemplified ) of the anchor heads 22, 23 ausgestalten.

The structure of such a support 55 is particularly good in the detail view 56 of FIG. 4 to recognize. In the detail view 56 is an example of an area of the upper crosshead 51 of the machine frame 50 of the FIG. 3 dargstellt.

The support 55 has a passage 57, through which the first anchor head 22 can be inserted through from below, since the base 58 of the passage 57 is selected to be larger than the anchor head base 59.

In the assembled state of the tie rod 21, as in each case in the FIGS. 3 and 4 is shown, the anchor head 22 is arranged transversely to the longitudinal extent 60 of the passage 57 and thus placed on the support 55, which is provided by the upper crosshead 51. Advantageously, therefore, a particularly simple installation of an already pre-assembled tie rod 21 on an already constructed machine frame 50 is possible.

By means of the thus designed machine frame 50, a particularly compact pressing device 54 is realized, which is characterized in that it can withstand extremely high loads despite a particularly simple design biasing device 20 with four tie rods 21.

1

Presse

2

Pressenrahmen

3

Zylinderholm

4

Gegenholm

5

Ständerwerk

6

Druckstützen

7

Zugstange

8

erstes Ende der Zugstange

9

zweites Ende der Zugstange

10

erste Spannmutter

11

zweite Spannmutter

12

Pressvorrichtung

13

Amboss

14

Pressstempel

15

Antriebseinheit

16

Presskräfte

20

Vorspannvorrichtung

21

Zuganker

22

erster Ankerkopf

23

weiterer Ankerkopf

24

einziges Zugelement

25

Zugstrecke

26

Einrichtung zur Richtungsumkehr

27

Zugsegmente

28

Zugstreckenabschnittsbereich

29

Zugseil

30

Umlenkbereich

31

Einrichtung zur Aufnahme

32

Befestigungseinrichtungen

35

erste Spanneinrichtung

36

zweite Spanneinrichtung

37

erstes keilförmiges Spannelement

38

zweites keilförmiges Spannelement

39

konvexe Anlageflächen

40

konkave Anlageflächen

41

plane Auflageflächen

50

Maschinengestell

51

oberes Querhaupt

52

unteres Querhaupt

53

Gestellelemente

54

Pressvorrichtung

55

Auflager

56

Detailansicht

57

Durchführung

58

Grundfläche

59

Ankerkopfgrundfläche

60

Längserstreckung

List of reference numerals:

1

Press

2

press frame

3

cylinder beam

4

counter beam

5

studding

6

pressure Support

7

pull bar

8th

first end of the drawbar

9

second end of the drawbar

10

first clamping nut

11

second clamping nut

12

pressing device

13

anvil

14

press die

15

drive unit

16

Press forces

20

biasing device

21

tie rods

22

first anchor head

23

another anchor head

24

single tension element

25

train route

26

Direction reversal device

27

train segments

28

Zugstreckenabschnittsbereich

29

rope

30

deflection

31

Device for recording

32

fastening devices

35

first clamping device

36

second clamping device

37

first wedge-shaped clamping element

38

second wedge-shaped clamping element

39

convex contact surfaces

40

concave contact surfaces

41

flat bearing surfaces

50

machine frame

51

upper crosshead

52

lower crosshead

53

frame members

54

pressing device

55

In stock

56

detailed view

57

execution

58

Floor space

59

Anchor head base surface

60

longitudinal extension

Claims (18)

Apparatus (20) for biasing a machine frame (50) with a tie rod (21) comprising first and second anchor heads (22, 23) for placement with the machine frame (50) and comprising a tension member (24) for absorbing tensile forces between them Anchor heads (22, 23), wherein the tension element (24) extends along a pull path (25) of the tie rod (21), characterized in that at least one of the two anchor heads (22, 23) comprises means (26) for reversing the direction of the Traction element (24). A pretensioner device (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that both anchor heads (22, 23) comprise means (26) for reversing the direction of the tension element (24). Biasing device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the anchor heads (22, 23) has a convexly configured deflection region (30) for the tension element (24). A pretensioner device (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that both ends of the tension element (24) are fixed to a single one (23) of the two anchor heads (22, 23). Biasing device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one (23) of the two anchor heads (22, 23) has a device (31) for receiving a fastening device (32) of the tension element (24). Biasing device (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor heads (22, 23) of the tie rod (21) are designed asymmetrically. Biasing device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the anchor heads (22, 23), preferably both anchor heads (22, 23), abutment-side contact surfaces (39) for a clamping element (37, 38) of the tie rod (21 ), Biasing device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension element (24) is arranged around at least one of the two anchor heads (22, 23) turned around. Biasing device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension element (24) is arranged on both sides of at least one of the two anchor heads (22, 23). Tensioning device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tie rod (21) has a working height and at least one further height, such as a transporting height and / or a mounting height, wherein the further height is less than one third or less than that Can be half the working height. A machine frame (50) having an upper crosshead (51) and a lower crosshead (52) for receiving machining forces introduced into the machine frame (50), comprising frame members (53) for spacing the crossheads (51, 52) from each other and at least one between the transverse heads (51, 52) acting tie rods (21), wherein the tie rod (21) has two anchor heads (22, 23) at the ends of the tie rod (21) and between the anchor heads (22, 23) effective tension element (24) and in which the tie rod (21) by means of the anchor heads (22, 23) on the transverse heads (51, 52) is mounted, characterized in that the tension element (24) between the anchor heads (22, 23) of the tie rod (21) is arranged several times by the pulling element (24) is arranged around at least one of the anchor heads (22, 23) directed around. Machine frame (50) according to claim 11, characterized in that the tension element (24) from a first anchor head (22) to a further anchor head (23) and / or vice versa repeatedly performed such that the breaking strength of the tie rod (21) is greater as the breaking strength of the tension element (24). Machine frame (50) having an upper crosshead (51) and a lower crosshead (52) for receiving machining forces introduced into the machine frame (50), with frame elements (53) for spacing the crossheads (51, 52) from one another and at least one tie rod (21) acting between the crossheads (51, 52), wherein the tie rod (21) has two anchor heads (22, 23) at the ends of the tie rod (21) and a between the anchor heads (22, 23) effective tension element (24) and wherein the tie rod (21) by means of the anchor heads (22, 23) on the transverse heads (51, 52) is mounted, characterized by Support (55) for supporting at least one of the anchor heads (22, 23), wherein at least one of the supports (55) comprises a passage (57) for the tension element (24) and wherein the passage (57) has a base area which is larger as an anchor head base. Machine frame (50) according to claim 13, characterized in that the respective anchor head (22, 23) is mounted transversely to the longitudinal extent of the associated passage (57) aligned with the support (55). Machine frame (50) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the support (55) comprises means (35) for tensioning the tie rod (21) with clamping elements (37, 38), in which the clamping elements (37, 38) between Contact surfaces of the anchor head (22, 23) and bearing surfaces of the support (55) are arranged. A machine frame (50) having an upper crosshead (51) and a lower crosshead (52) for receiving machining forces introduced into the machine frame (50), comprising frame members (53) for spacing the crossheads (51, 52) from each other and at least one between the transverse heads (51, 52) acting tie rods (21), wherein the tie rod (21) has two anchor heads (22, 23) at the ends of the tie rod (21) and between the anchor heads (22, 23) effective tension element (24) and in which the tie rod (21) by means of the anchor heads (22, 23) on the transversal heads (51, 52) is mounted, characterized by supports (55) for supporting at least one of the anchor heads (22, 23), wherein at least one of Support (55) comprises a passage (57) for the tension element (24) and wherein between the anchor head ends of the anchor head (22, 23) and the support (55) corresponding support blocks are placed, by means of which a passage (57) is bridged. Machine frame (50) according to one of Claims 11 to 16, characterized by a device (20) for pretensioning the machine frame (50) according to one of Claims 1 to 10. Pressing or pulling device comprising a machine frame (50) and a device (20) for biasing the machine frame (50), characterized in that the pressing or pulling device comprises a pretensioning device (20) and / or a machine frame (50) according to any one of preceding claims.

Images