EP2468454B1 - Manual striking tool suitable for reducing vibrations and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Manual striking tool suitable for reducing vibrations and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2468454B1
EP2468454B1 EP11354069.4A EP11354069A EP2468454B1 EP 2468454 B1 EP2468454 B1 EP 2468454B1 EP 11354069 A EP11354069 A EP 11354069A EP 2468454 B1 EP2468454 B1 EP 2468454B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
tube
tool
link part
hardness
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EP11354069.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2468454A1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric Descombes
Didier Lugrin
Fabrice Pepin
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Fiskars France SAS
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Fiskars France SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
    • B25G1/00—Handle constructions
    • B25G1/01—Shock-absorbing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand-held tool according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a typing tool is known from the document US 2005/0193876 A1 namely, capable of being used without a motor.
  • such a tool is in particular, but not exclusively, a hammer, a hammer, a mass or a mallet.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a tool according to claim 9.
  • a hammer type striking tool consists of a handle, allowing the grip by the user, which is connected to a typing head. It is conceivable that, during repeated actions, such a tool generates substantial vibrations that directly affect the operator. This is accompanied by musculoskeletal disorders, such as carpal tunnel pain or loss of sensation at the fingertips. These disorders can lead to punctual work stoppages or even a lasting loss of the operator's physical integrity.
  • the company STANLEY proposed a hammer forged in one piece. Such a hammer defines a rod, connecting the handle and the head, which rod is coated with a vibration absorbing material.
  • This same company has proposed a tuning fork system, provided at the end of the handle, to concentrate the vibrations.
  • the invention aims to provide a striking tool which, while having a satisfactory efficiency and a reasonable cost, significantly reduces vibration, compared to the tools of the state of the art.
  • the tool according to the invention is remarkable in that it furthermore comprises an intermediate rod extending the handle and supporting the head, in that the handle comprises a tube in which the rod, this rod and this tube partially extend. being made of a first and a second rigid material, having a first range of hardness, this rod having a radial bearing zone against the tube, with the interposition of a connecting piece, vibration absorption, made of a material flexible, having a second hardness significantly lower than the first hardness, and a free terminal area, not covered by the connecting piece, radially spaced from the walls of the tube so as to be able to vibrate freely in an internal volume of the tube.
  • the interposition of the flexible connecting piece between the rod and the tube, both rigid, allows first of all to break the vibration bridge.
  • the terminal region of the tip is free inside the tube, this allows the rod to vibrate in an air zone reserved for this purpose, thus helping to isolate the vibrations.
  • the rigidity of the rod tends to increase the frequency of vibrations, partly beyond the threshold perceived by the human being, so that the overall feeling of the user is improved.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a tool as above, characterized in that mutually secures the head and the rod, and then places the connecting piece on the rod in the final position they must adopt, and finally one carries the rod and the connecting piece inside the tube.
  • the head and the rod are secured by crimping a shank of the shank in a housing of the head, and a quenching operation is carried out beforehand and returned to the whole of the shank, to the except the drum.
  • This tool 1 consists essentially of a striking head 10, an intermediate rod 20, a connecting piece 30 for damping vibrations, and a gripping handle 40.
  • the head 10 is of conventional structure, adapted to the desired function of the hammer. In the example it is of elongated shape, being provided with claws 12 for tearing points or nails. This head is further pierced with a housing 14 for insertion of the rod.
  • This rod 20 has a body 21, terminated by a shaft 22 to be crimped within the housing 14 above. At the opposite of this was the body is extended, via a shoulder 23, by a point 24 for penetrating into a tube belonging to the handle.
  • This first rigid material, forming the rod has a first range of hardness, included as an indication between 42 and 50 HRC (Hardness Rockwell C, hereinafter "Rockwell C"). This value concerns the entire stem except for its barrel, which is subjected to a different heat treatment as will be seen below.
  • the connecting piece 30 is made of a so-called flexible material, which is in particular a plastic material, in particular polypropylene. This material has a second range of hardness, included as an indication between 60 and 80 Shore D.
  • This connecting piece 30 comprises firstly a neck 32, intended to abut against the shoulder 23 of the rod 20, and a sleeve 34 intended to extend on the periphery of a portion of the tip 24 of this rod.
  • the handle 40 firstly comprises an inner tube 42, formed of a second rigid material identical or similar to that constituting the rod 20.
  • This second rigid material has a hardness, included as an indication between 38 and 42 Rockwell C
  • the tube 42 is surrounded by a sleeve 44, formed of any suitable material for a satisfactory grip.
  • the rod, the connecting piece, the tube and the sleeve are pierced with different holes 51 to 54, allowing the passage of a fastener.
  • the rod 20 is first crimped onto the head.
  • a quenching and tempering operation is carried out beforehand on the rod, in order to confer on it an increased resistance with respect to the bending of the tool.
  • the barrel 22 it is preferred that the barrel 22 not be subjected to this quenching to facilitate the crimping step.
  • the connecting piece 30 is then placed on the rod 20, so that the neck 32 abuts against the shoulder 23. Then, inside the tube 42, the assembly formed by the head 10 is assembled. , the rod 20 and the connecting piece 30. Finally, it installs a suitable fastener 60, for example of the bolt type or the like, through the various orifices 51 to 54. At the end of this assembly, the collar 32 is interposed axially between the shoulder 23 and the opposite end of the sleeve 44. In addition, as will be detailed in what follows, the tip 24 enters the internal volume of the tube 42, with partial interposition of the sleeve 34.
  • L42 is the length of the tube 42, and L24 the depth of penetration of the tip 24 in the tube 20.
  • L25 and L26 the respective lengths of these two areas, as defined.
  • FIG 3 is a cross section of the tool at the bearing zone 25.
  • L and T are respectively the longitudinal and transverse axes, which correspond to the orientation of the head. It is conceivable that most of the striking forces are exerted along the longitudinal axis.
  • the front faces of the tool are referred to as the axis L, as are I its lateral faces.
  • the facing faces, on the one hand of the bearing zone 25 of the rod 20 and the sleeve 34, on the other hand of the sleeve and the tube 42, are in close contact. In other words, there is no functional game between these different mechanical organs.
  • this clearance J is present only at the level of at least one front face f, but contrast not at the level of the lateral faces I, nor between the sleeve 134 and the tube 142.
  • the sheath 234 interposed between the bearing zone 225 of the rod 220 and the tube 242, is formed of four strips 2341 to 2344.
  • the diametrically opposite strips 2341 and 2342 are made of a flexible material as defined above.
  • the other two bands 2343 and 2344, placed on the end faces f are made of a soft material.
  • the latter which has a third range of hardness, included as an indication between 0 and 50 Shore A, is for example an elastomer.
  • the sleeve is indented, namely that the two frontal strips 2343 and 2344 of soft material are removed.
  • the facing faces of the rod and the sleeve are separated by two voids, placed frontally.
  • the rod in its end free zone 26, the rod is able to vibrate in a volume of air reserved for this purpose. This volume, noted V on the figure 2 , is delimited by a part of the tube.
  • the presence of the sleeve 44 of elastomeric material is advantageous because it contributes to damping the vibrations of high frequencies.
  • the figure 6 illustrates the vibration nodes N1 and N2, associated with the tool during its use.
  • the vibration modes of a striking tool make it oscillate around two substantially immobile axes, which form the aforementioned nodes.
  • the orifices 51 to 54 are cleaned at the location of the lower node N2, namely that remote from the head.
  • the fixing member 60 then also extends along this node N2. This makes it possible to separate the handle with respect to the rod, thus contributing to reducing the vibratory intensity generally felt by the user.
  • this cap may in particular be solid or of annular shape, or it may be cruciform or cruciform, split in the middle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The hand operated striking tool has gripping handle (40) and striking head (10). An intermediate shaft (20) extends handle, and supports head. The handle comprises tube in which shaft is partially extended. The shaft and tube (42) are made from rigid materials of specific hardness range. The shaft has radial bearing area against tube, with interposition of link portion to absorb vibrations from flexible material of tube. A free terminal area (26) not covered by link portion (30) is radially separated from walls of tube. An independent claim is included for method for manufacturing hand operated striking tool.

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

L'invention est relative à un outil de frappe à main suivant le préambule de la revendication 1. Un tel outil de frappe est connu du document US 2005/0193876 A1 à savoir susceptible d'être utilisé sans moteur. Au sens de l'invention un tel outil est notamment, mais non exclusivement, un marteau, une massette, une masse ou encore un maillet.The invention relates to a hand-held tool according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a typing tool is known from the document US 2005/0193876 A1 namely, capable of being used without a motor. Within the meaning of the invention such a tool is in particular, but not exclusively, a hammer, a hammer, a mass or a mallet.

L'invention est également relative à un procédé de fabrication d'un tel outil suivant de la revendication 9.The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a tool according to claim 9.

État de la techniqueState of the art

De façon habituelle, un outil de frappe de type marteau se compose d'une poignée, permettant la prise en main par l'utilisateur, à laquelle est raccordée une tête de frappe. On conçoit que, lors d'actions répétées, un tel outil génère des vibrations substantielles se répercutant directement sur l'opérateur. Ceci s'accompagne de troubles musculo-squelettiques, tels des douleurs au niveau du canal carpien ou une perte de sensation au bout des doigts. Ces troubles peuvent entraîner des arrêts de travail ponctuels, voire une perte durable de l'intégrité physique de l'opérateur.Typically, a hammer type striking tool consists of a handle, allowing the grip by the user, which is connected to a typing head. It is conceivable that, during repeated actions, such a tool generates substantial vibrations that directly affect the operator. This is accompanied by musculoskeletal disorders, such as carpal tunnel pain or loss of sensation at the fingertips. These disorders can lead to punctual work stoppages or even a lasting loss of the operator's physical integrity.

Afin de remédier à ce problème d'apparition de vibrations, la société STANLEY a proposé un marteau forgé en une seule pièce. Un tel marteau définit une tige, reliant la poignée et la tête, laquelle tige est revêtue d'un matériau absorbant les vibrations. Cette même société a proposé un système de diapason, prévu au bout du manche, permettant de concentrer les vibrations.To remedy this problem of appearance of vibrations, the company STANLEY proposed a hammer forged in one piece. Such a hammer defines a rod, connecting the handle and the head, which rod is coated with a vibration absorbing material. This same company has proposed a tuning fork system, provided at the end of the handle, to concentrate the vibrations.

Il a cependant été constaté que les solutions, présentées ci-dessus, n'apportent pas une solution satisfaisante au problème vibratoire, survenant lors de l'utilisation des outils de frappe.However, it has been found that the solutions presented above do not provide a satisfactory solution to the vibratory problem, occurring during the use of the striking tools.

Objet de l'inventionObject of the invention

Dans ces conditions, l'invention vise à proposer un outil de frappe qui, tout en présentant une efficacité satisfaisante et un coût raisonnable, permet de réduire significativement les vibrations, par rapport aux outils de l'état de la technique.Under these conditions, the invention aims to provide a striking tool which, while having a satisfactory efficiency and a reasonable cost, significantly reduces vibration, compared to the tools of the state of the art.

L'outil selon l'invention est remarquable en ce qu'il comprend en outre une tige intermédiaire prolongeant le manche et supportant la tête, en ce que le manche comprend un tube dans lequel s'étend partiellement la tige, cette tige et ce tube étant réalisés en un premier et un second matériaux rigides, présentant une première gamme de dureté, cette tige possédant une zone d'appui radial contre le tube, avec interposition d'une pièce de liaison, d'absorption des vibrations, réalisée en un matériau souple, présentant une seconde dureté nettement inférieure à la première dureté, ainsi qu'une zone terminale libre, non recouverte par la pièce de liaison, espacée radialement des parois du tube de façon à pouvoir vibrer librement dans un volume interne du tube.The tool according to the invention is remarkable in that it furthermore comprises an intermediate rod extending the handle and supporting the head, in that the handle comprises a tube in which the rod, this rod and this tube partially extend. being made of a first and a second rigid material, having a first range of hardness, this rod having a radial bearing zone against the tube, with the interposition of a connecting piece, vibration absorption, made of a material flexible, having a second hardness significantly lower than the first hardness, and a free terminal area, not covered by the connecting piece, radially spaced from the walls of the tube so as to be able to vibrate freely in an internal volume of the tube.

L'interposition de la pièce de liaison souple entre la tige et le tube, tous deux rigides, permet tout d'abord de casser le pont de vibrations. De plus, étant donné que la région terminale de la pointe est libre à l'intérieur du tube, ceci permet à la tige de vibrer dans une zone d'air réservée à cet effet, contribuant ainsi à isoler les vibrations. Enfin la rigidité de la tige tend à augmenter la fréquence des vibrations, pour partie au-delà du seuil perçu par l'être humain, de sorte que le ressenti global de l'utilisateur est amélioré.The interposition of the flexible connecting piece between the rod and the tube, both rigid, allows first of all to break the vibration bridge. In addition, since the terminal region of the tip is free inside the tube, this allows the rod to vibrate in an air zone reserved for this purpose, thus helping to isolate the vibrations. Finally, the rigidity of the rod tends to increase the frequency of vibrations, partly beyond the threshold perceived by the human being, so that the overall feeling of the user is improved.

D'autres caractéristiques techniques peuvent être utilisées isolément ou en combinaison :

  • les matériaux rigides présentent une dureté comprise entre 30 et 60 Rockwell C, le premier matériau formant la tige présentant notamment une dureté comprise entre 42 et 50 Rockwell C, alors que le second matériau formant le tube présente notamment une dureté comprise entre 38 et 42 Rockwell C, ces matériaux rigides étant notamment métalliques, en particulier un acier
  • le matériau souple présente une dureté comprise entre 60 et 80 Shore D, notamment entre 65 et 75 Shore D, ce matériau souple étant notamment une matière plastique, en particulier du polypropylène
  • les parois en regard, d'une part de la zone d'appui et de la pièce de liaison, d'autre part de la pièce de liaison et du tube, sont en contact serré
  • il existe un jeu fonctionnel entre les parois en regard de la zone d'appui et de la pièce de liaison, au niveau d'au moins une face frontale de l'outil
  • au niveau d'au moins une face frontale de l'outil, la pièce de liaison est échancrée ou présente une bande d'un matériau mou, possédant une dureté comprise entre 0 et 50 Shore A
  • la pièce de liaison comprend un fourreau entourant ladite zone d'appui ainsi qu'un col destiné à être intercalé axialement entre la poignée et la tige
  • la poignée, la pièce de liaison et la tige sont fixées mutuellement par un organe de fixation s'étendant selon un noeud de vibrations de l'outil.
Other technical characteristics can be used in isolation or in combination:
  • the rigid materials have a hardness of between 30 and 60 Rockwell C, the first material forming the rod having in particular a hardness between 42 and 50 Rockwell C, while the second material forming the tube has in particular a hardness between 38 and 42 Rockwell C, these rigid materials being in particular metallic, in particular a steel
  • the flexible material has a hardness of between 60 and 80 Shore D, in particular between 65 and 75 Shore D, this flexible material being in particular a plastic material, in particular polypropylene
  • the facing walls, on the one hand of the bearing zone and the connecting piece, on the other hand of the connecting piece and the tube, are in close contact
  • there is a functional clearance between the walls opposite the support zone and the connecting piece, at the level of at least one front face of the tool
  • at at least one end face of the tool, the connecting piece is indented or has a strip of soft material having a hardness of between 0 and 50 Shore A
  • the connecting piece comprises a sleeve surrounding said bearing zone and a collar intended to be interposed axially between the handle and the rod
  • the handle, the connecting piece and the rod are mutually fixed by a fixing member extending along a vibration node of the tool.

L'invention concerne aussi un procédé de fabrication d'un outil tel que ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce qu'on solidarise mutuellement la tête et la tige, puis on place la pièce de liaison sur la tige dans la position définitive qu'elles doivent adopter, et enfin on emmanche la tige et la pièce de liaison à l'intérieur du tube.The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a tool as above, characterized in that mutually secures the head and the rod, and then places the connecting piece on the rod in the final position they must adopt, and finally one carries the rod and the connecting piece inside the tube.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, on solidarise la tête et la tige par sertissage d'un fût de la tige dans un logement de la tête, et on effectue au préalable une opération de trempe et revenu sur l'ensemble de la tige, à l'exception du fût.According to an advantageous characteristic, the head and the rod are secured by crimping a shank of the shank in a housing of the head, and a quenching operation is carried out beforehand and returned to the whole of the shank, to the except the drum.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de face, illustrant de façon éclatée les différents éléments constitutifs d'un outil selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale, illustrant un outil selon l'invention, une fois monté,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe transversale selon la ligne III-III à la figure 2,
  • les figures 4 et 5 sont des vues en coupe transversale, analogues à la figure 3, illustrant deux variantes de réalisation de l'invention, et
  • la figure 6 est une vue de face, illustrant plus particulièrement les noeuds de vibration auxquels est soumis, en service, un outil selon l'invention.
Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention given by way of nonlimiting example and represented in the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a front view, exploding the various components of a tool according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view, illustrating a tool according to the invention, once mounted,
  • the figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line III-III to figure 2 ,
  • the Figures 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views similar to the figure 3 illustrating two embodiments of the invention, and
  • the figure 6 is a front view, illustrating more particularly the vibration nodes to which is subjected, in use, a tool according to the invention.

Description d'un mode préférentiel de l'inventionDescription of a preferred embodiment of the invention

Les différentes figures représentent un exemple d'outil de frappe selon l'invention, lequel est en l'occurrence un marteau. Cet outil 1 se compose essentiellement d'une tête de frappe 10, d'une tige intermédiaire 20, d'une pièce de liaison 30 destinée à amortir les vibrations, ainsi que d'une poignée de préhension 40.The various figures represent an example of striking tool according to the invention, which is in this case a hammer. This tool 1 consists essentially of a striking head 10, an intermediate rod 20, a connecting piece 30 for damping vibrations, and a gripping handle 40.

La tête 10 est de structure classique, adaptée à la fonction souhaitée du marteau. Dans l'exemple elle est de forme allongée, en étant pourvue de griffes 12 permettant d'arracher des pointes ou des clous. Cette tête est en outre percée d'un logement 14 permettant l'insertion de la tige.The head 10 is of conventional structure, adapted to the desired function of the hammer. In the example it is of elongated shape, being provided with claws 12 for tearing points or nails. This head is further pierced with a housing 14 for insertion of the rod.

La tige 20, qui s'étend dans le prolongement du manche 40, relie ce dernier à la tête 10. Elle est réalisée en un premier matériau dit rigide, qui est notamment métallique, en particulier de l'acier. Cette tige 20 possède un corps 21, terminé par un fût 22 destiné à être serti à l'intérieur du logement 14 précité. A l'opposée de ce fût le corps est prolongé, via un épaulement 23, par une pointe 24 destinée à pénétrer dans un tube appartenant à la poignée. Ce premier matériau rigide, formant la tige, possède une première gamme de dureté, comprise à titre indicatif entre 42 et 50 HRC (Hardness Rockwell C, ci-après « Rockwell C »). Cette valeur concerne l'ensemble de la tige à l'exception de son fût, qui est soumis à un traitement thermique différent comme on le verra ci-après.The rod 20, which extends in the extension of the handle 40, connects the latter to the head 10. It is made of a first material called rigid, which is in particular metal, in particular steel. This rod 20 has a body 21, terminated by a shaft 22 to be crimped within the housing 14 above. At the opposite of this was the body is extended, via a shoulder 23, by a point 24 for penetrating into a tube belonging to the handle. This first rigid material, forming the rod, has a first range of hardness, included as an indication between 42 and 50 HRC (Hardness Rockwell C, hereinafter "Rockwell C"). This value concerns the entire stem except for its barrel, which is subjected to a different heat treatment as will be seen below.

La pièce de liaison 30 est réalisée en un matériau dit souple, qui est notamment une matière plastique, en particulier du polypropylène. Ce matériau possède une seconde gamme de dureté, comprise à titre indicatif entre 60 et 80 Shore D. Cette pièce de liaison 30 comprend tout d'abord un col 32, destiné à venir en butée contre l'épaulement 23 de la tige 20, ainsi qu'un fourreau 34 destiné à s'étendre à la périphérie d'une partie de la pointe 24 de cette tige.The connecting piece 30 is made of a so-called flexible material, which is in particular a plastic material, in particular polypropylene. This material has a second range of hardness, included as an indication between 60 and 80 Shore D. This connecting piece 30 comprises firstly a neck 32, intended to abut against the shoulder 23 of the rod 20, and a sleeve 34 intended to extend on the periphery of a portion of the tip 24 of this rod.

Enfin la poignée 40 comprend tout d'abord un tube intérieur 42, formé d'un second matériau rigide identique ou similaire à celui constitutif de la tige 20. Ce second matériau rigide présente une dureté, comprise à titre indicatif entre 38 et 42 Rockwell C. Le tube 42 est entouré par un manchon 44, formé en tout matériau approprié en vue d'une prise en main satisfaisante. On notera que la tige, la pièce de liaison, le tube et le manchon sont percés de différents orifices 51 à 54, permettant le passage d'un organe de fixation.Finally the handle 40 firstly comprises an inner tube 42, formed of a second rigid material identical or similar to that constituting the rod 20. This second rigid material has a hardness, included as an indication between 38 and 42 Rockwell C The tube 42 is surrounded by a sleeve 44, formed of any suitable material for a satisfactory grip. We note that the rod, the connecting piece, the tube and the sleeve are pierced with different holes 51 to 54, allowing the passage of a fastener.

En vue du montage de l'outil, on sertit tout d'abord la tige 20 sur la tête. De façon avantageuse, on réalise au préalable une opération de trempe et revenu sur la tige, afin de lui conférer une résistance accrue à l'égard des flexions de l'outil. Cependant, on préfère que le fût 22 ne soit pas soumis à cette trempe afin de faciliter l'étape de sertissage.In order to assemble the tool, the rod 20 is first crimped onto the head. Advantageously, a quenching and tempering operation is carried out beforehand on the rod, in order to confer on it an increased resistance with respect to the bending of the tool. However, it is preferred that the barrel 22 not be subjected to this quenching to facilitate the crimping step.

On met ensuite en place la pièce de liaison 30 sur la tige 20, de sorte que le col 32 vient en butée contre l'épaulement 23. Puis on emmanche, à l'intérieur du tube 42, l'ensemble formé par la tête 10, la tige 20 et la pièce de liaison 30. Enfin, on met en place un organe de fixation approprié 60, par exemple du type boulon ou analogue, au travers des différents orifices 51 à 54. Au terme de ce montage, le col 32 est intercalé axialement entre l'épaulement 23 et l'extrémité en regard du manchon 44. De plus, comme cela va être détaillé dans ce qui suit, la pointe 24 pénètre dans le volume intérieur du tube 42, avec interposition partielle du fourreau 34.The connecting piece 30 is then placed on the rod 20, so that the neck 32 abuts against the shoulder 23. Then, inside the tube 42, the assembly formed by the head 10 is assembled. , the rod 20 and the connecting piece 30. Finally, it installs a suitable fastener 60, for example of the bolt type or the like, through the various orifices 51 to 54. At the end of this assembly, the collar 32 is interposed axially between the shoulder 23 and the opposite end of the sleeve 44. In addition, as will be detailed in what follows, the tip 24 enters the internal volume of the tube 42, with partial interposition of the sleeve 34.

En référence notamment à la figure 2, on note L42 la longueur du tube 42, et L24 la profondeur de pénétration de la pointe 24 dans le tube 20. De plus, on note 25 la zone dite d'appui de la pointe 24 recouverte par le fourreau, prenant appui radialement contre le tube, ainsi que 26 la zone dite libre de cette pointe, qui n'est pas recouverte. On note enfin L25 et L26 les longueurs respectives de ces deux zones, ainsi définies.With reference in particular to the figure 2 , L42 is the length of the tube 42, and L24 the depth of penetration of the tip 24 in the tube 20. In addition, there is 25 so-called support zone of the tip 24 covered by the sleeve, bearing radially against the tube, as well as the so-called free zone of this point, which is not covered. We finally note L25 and L26 the respective lengths of these two areas, as defined.

On donne ci-après, de façon non limitative, différentes valeurs numériques :

  • la profondeur de pénétration L24 est comprise entre 50 et 100 mm, notamment entre 60 et 70 mm. Une pénétration de longueur substantielle, de la tige dans le tube, est avantageuse car elle permet de reprendre l'effort de frappe jusqu'au bout du manche.
  • le rapport L24/L42 entre la profondeur de pénétration et la longueur du tube est compris entre 0.22 et 0.45, notamment entre 0.26 et 0.32, en particulier voisin de 0.28.
  • la longueur L25 de la zone d'appui radial est supérieure à 40 mm.
  • la longueur L26 de la zone libre est supérieure à 15 mm.
  • le rapport L25/L24 entre la longueur de la zone d'appui 25 et la profondeur de pénétration est compris entre 0.63 et 0.79, notamment entre 0.71 et 0.78, en particulier voisin de 0.75.
We give below, without limitation, different numerical values:
  • the penetration depth L24 is between 50 and 100 mm, in particular between 60 and 70 mm. A penetration of substantial length, the rod in the tube, is advantageous because it allows to resume the strike force to the end of the handle.
  • the ratio L24 / L42 between the depth of penetration and the length of the tube is between 0.22 and 0.45, in particular between 0.26 and 0.32, in particular close to 0.28.
  • the length L25 of the radial bearing zone is greater than 40 mm.
  • the length L26 of the free zone is greater than 15 mm.
  • the ratio L25 / L24 between the length of the bearing zone 25 and the depth of penetration is between 0.63 and 0.79, in particular between 0.71 and 0.78, in particular close to 0.75.

On fait maintenant référence à la figure 3, qui est une coupe transversale de l'outil au niveau de la zone d'appui 25. On note L et T les axes respectivement longitudinal et transversal, qui correspondent à l'orientation de la tête. On conçoit que l'essentiel des efforts de frappe s'exercent selon l'axe longitudinal. On appelle f les faces frontales de l'outil, en référence à l'axe L, ainsi que I ses faces latérales.We are now referring to the figure 3 , which is a cross section of the tool at the bearing zone 25. L and T are respectively the longitudinal and transverse axes, which correspond to the orientation of the head. It is conceivable that most of the striking forces are exerted along the longitudinal axis. The front faces of the tool are referred to as the axis L, as are I its lateral faces.

Dans l'exemple illustré les faces en regard, d'une part de la zone d'appui 25 de la tige 20 et du fourreau 34, d'autre part du fourreau et du tube 42, sont en contact serré. En d'autres termes, il n'existe aucun jeu fonctionnel entre ces différents organes mécaniques. Cependant, à titre de variante représentée à la figure 4, on peut prévoir de ménager au moins un jeu fonctionnel entre la zone d'appui 125 de la tige 120 et le fourreau 134. De façon préférée, ce jeu J est présent uniquement au niveau d'au moins une face frontale f, mais en revanche pas au niveau des faces latérales I, ni entre le fourreau 134 et le tube 142.In the illustrated example, the facing faces, on the one hand of the bearing zone 25 of the rod 20 and the sleeve 34, on the other hand of the sleeve and the tube 42, are in close contact. In other words, there is no functional game between these different mechanical organs. However, as a variant represented in figure 4 , provision can be made to provide at least one functional clearance between the bearing zone 125 of the rod 120 and the sleeve 134. Preferably, this clearance J is present only at the level of at least one front face f, but contrast not at the level of the lateral faces I, nor between the sleeve 134 and the tube 142.

Selon une variante supplémentaire représentée à la figure 5 le fourreau 234, interposé entre la zone d'appui 225 de la tige 220 et le tube 242, est formé de quatre bandes 2341 à 2344. Du côté des faces latérales I, les bandes diamétralement opposées 2341 et 2342 sont réalisées en un matériau souple, tel que défini ci-dessus. En revanche les deux autres bandes 2343 et 2344, placées sur les faces frontales f, sont réalisées en un matériau mou. Ce dernier, qui possède une troisième gamme de dureté, comprise à titre indicatif entre 0 et 50 Shore A, est par exemple un élastomère.According to an additional variant represented in figure 5 the sheath 234, interposed between the bearing zone 225 of the rod 220 and the tube 242, is formed of four strips 2341 to 2344. On the side of the side faces I, the diametrically opposite strips 2341 and 2342 are made of a flexible material as defined above. On the other hand the other two bands 2343 and 2344, placed on the end faces f, are made of a soft material. The latter, which has a third range of hardness, included as an indication between 0 and 50 Shore A, is for example an elastomer.

Enfin, dans une autre variante non représentée, le fourreau est échancré, à savoir que les deux bandes frontales 2343 et 2344 de matériau mou sont supprimées. Dans ce cas les faces en regard de la tige et du fourreau sont séparées par deux espaces vides, placés de façon frontale.Finally, in another variant not shown, the sleeve is indented, namely that the two frontal strips 2343 and 2344 of soft material are removed. In this case the facing faces of the rod and the sleeve are separated by two voids, placed frontally.

En référence notamment aux figures 2 à 5, lors de l'utilisation de l'outil, la présence du fourreau souple 34, 134, 234 entre la tige 20, 120, 220 et le tube 42, 142, 242, tous deux rigides, contribue à casser le pont de vibrations. De plus, dans sa zone libre terminale 26, la tige est susceptible de vibrer dans un volume d'air réservé à cet effet. Ce volume, noté V sur la figure 2, est délimité par une partie du tube. Enfin on notera que la présence du manchon 44 en matériau élastomère est avantageuse, car elle contribue à amortir les vibrations de hautes fréquences.With reference in particular to Figures 2 to 5 when using the tool, the presence of the flexible sleeve 34, 134, 234 between the rod 20, 120, 220 and the tube 42, 142, 242, both rigid, contributes to breaking the vibration bridge. In addition, in its end free zone 26, the rod is able to vibrate in a volume of air reserved for this purpose. This volume, noted V on the figure 2 , is delimited by a part of the tube. Finally, it will be noted that the presence of the sleeve 44 of elastomeric material is advantageous because it contributes to damping the vibrations of high frequencies.

La figure 6 illustre les noeuds de vibration N1 et N2, associés à l'outil lors de son utilisation. Par nature, les modes de vibrations d'un outil de frappe le font osciller autour de deux axes sensiblement immobiles, lesquels forment les noeuds précités. Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, on ménage les orifices 51 à 54 à l'endroit du noeud inférieur N2, à savoir celui distant de la tête. L'organe de fixation 60 s'étend alors également selon ce noeud N2. Ceci permet de désolidariser la poignée par rapport à la tige, contribuant ainsi à réduire l'intensité vibratoire globalement ressentie par l'utilisateur.The figure 6 illustrates the vibration nodes N1 and N2, associated with the tool during its use. By nature, the vibration modes of a striking tool make it oscillate around two substantially immobile axes, which form the aforementioned nodes. According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the orifices 51 to 54 are cleaned at the location of the lower node N2, namely that remote from the head. The fixing member 60 then also extends along this node N2. This makes it possible to separate the handle with respect to the rod, thus contributing to reducing the vibratory intensity generally felt by the user.

Selon une variante avantageuse, non représentée, on prévoit d'obstruer la partie basse du tube 42 au moyen d'un bouchon en matière plastique. Ceci permet tout d'abord d'empêcher le polypropylène, constitutif du manchon 44, de pénétrer dans le tube lors de la mise en oeuvre par injection. Par ailleurs, on peut prévoir de conférer à ce bouchon toute forme appropriée, en vue de réduire les vibrations dans le tube. A titre non limitatif, ce bouchon peut notamment être plein ou de forme annulaire, ou bien être cruciforme ou cruciforme fendu en son milieu.According to an advantageous variant, not shown, it is expected to obstruct the lower part of the tube 42 by means of a plastic plug. This makes it possible first of all to prevent the polypropylene constituting the sleeve 44, to enter the tube during the implementation by injection. Moreover, it can be provided to give this plug any suitable shape, to reduce vibration in the tube. By way of non-limiting example, this cap may in particular be solid or of annular shape, or it may be cruciform or cruciform, split in the middle.

Claims (10)

  1. A hand-operated striking tool, in particular of hammer type, comprising a gripping handle (40) and a striking head (10), characterized in that this tool further comprises an intermediate shaft (20) extending the handle (40) and supporting the head (10), in that the handle comprises a tube (42) in which the shaft partially extends, this shaft and this tube being made from a first and second rigid materials presenting a first hardness range, this shaft having a radial bearing area (25 ; 125 ; 225) bearing against the tube, with interposition of a link part (30), for absorbing the vibrations, made from a flexible material presenting a second hardness considerably lower than the first hardness, and a free terminal area (26) not covered by the link part (30), radially separated from the walls of the tube (42) so as to be able to vibrate freely in an internal volume (V) of the tube (42).
  2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid materials present a hardness comprised between 30 and 60 Rockwell C, the first material forming the shaft (20) in particular presenting a hardness comprised between 42 and 50 Rockwell C, whereas the second material forming the tube (42) in particular presents a hardness comprised between 38 and 42 Rockwell C, these rigid materials being in particular made from metal, in particular a steel.
  3. The tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flexible material presents a hardness comprised between 60 and 80 Shore D, in particular between 65 and 75 Shore D, this flexible material being in particular a plastic material, in particular polypropylene.
  4. The tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the walls facing the bearing area (25) and the link part (30) on the one hand, and the link part (30) and the tube (42) on the other hand, are in tight contact.
  5. The tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a functional clearance (J) exists between the walls facing the bearing area (125) and the link part (130) at the level of at least a front surface (f) of the tool.
  6. The tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, at the level of at least a front surface (f) of the tool, the link part (230) is slotted or presents a strip (2343, 2344) of soft material having a hardness comprised between 0 and 50 Shore A.
  7. The tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the link part (30) comprises a sheath (34) surrounding said bearing area (25), and a neck (32) designed to be axially inserted between the handle (40) and the shaft (20).
  8. The tool according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the handle (40), link part (30) and shaft (20) are mutually secured by a fixing part (60) extending in the direction of a vibration node (N2) of the tool.
  9. A method for manufacturing a tool according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the head (10) and shaft (20) are mutually secured, the link part (30) is then fitted in place on the shaft in the final position which the latter are to take, and finally the shaft and link part are engaged inside the tube (42).
  10. The method according to the foregoing claim, characterized in that the head (10) and shaft (20) are secured by crimping a barrel (22) of the shaft in a housing (14) of the head, and in that a hardening and tempering operation is previously performed on the whole of the shaft with the exception of the barrel.
EP11354069.4A 2010-12-21 2011-11-22 Manual striking tool suitable for reducing vibrations and method for manufacturing same Active EP2468454B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1005001A FR2969025B1 (en) 2010-12-21 2010-12-21 HAND-IMPACT TOOL FOR REDUCING VIBRATION, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2468454A1 EP2468454A1 (en) 2012-06-27
EP2468454B1 true EP2468454B1 (en) 2013-11-20

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US (1) US8893585B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2468454B1 (en)
DK (1) DK2468454T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2447391T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2969025B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3002173B1 (en) 2013-02-21 2015-04-03 Fiskars France Sas HAND-TOOL HAND TOOL, HAND-ROCKING TOOL, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A HAND-RAKING TOOL
CN107073699B (en) 2014-07-14 2021-08-10 菲斯科尔思品牌有限公司 Vibration reduction mechanism for striking tool
WO2018098685A1 (en) * 2016-11-30 2018-06-07 杭州巨星工具有限公司 Handle and hammering tool
US11358263B2 (en) 2018-02-21 2022-06-14 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Hammer
US11833651B2 (en) 2019-02-07 2023-12-05 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Hammer with hardened textured striking face
WO2020247437A1 (en) * 2019-06-07 2020-12-10 Rvp Services, Llc D/B/A Thor Specialty Tools Orifice plate removal tool
CN114945445A (en) 2020-01-10 2022-08-26 米沃奇电动工具公司 Hammer

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2603260A (en) * 1948-01-10 1952-07-15 Axel E Floren Hammer having shock-absorbing handle
US3770033A (en) * 1971-12-10 1973-11-06 C Gavillet Molded handle for impact tools
ZA784458B (en) * 1978-08-07 1979-12-27 Modern Inventions Ltd Handle
US4753137A (en) * 1987-04-01 1988-06-28 Kennedy Thomas W Hand tool, such as a sledgehammer, with replaceable head
EP0932479B1 (en) * 1996-10-18 2010-07-07 The Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Impact instrument
US6202511B1 (en) * 1998-08-14 2001-03-20 The Stanley Works Vibration damped hammer
US6311369B1 (en) * 1999-08-20 2001-11-06 Wavex Corporation Vibration dampening tool handle
US20030029278A1 (en) * 2001-08-09 2003-02-13 Macioce Paul J. Integral hammer damper and method
TW556636U (en) * 2002-08-09 2003-10-01 Chen Chang Rong Improved shock-proof structure for hammer
US20050193876A1 (en) * 2004-03-05 2005-09-08 Broyles Michael A. Hand held work performing device and method
US8024994B2 (en) * 2007-06-26 2011-09-27 Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Demolition utility tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2969025B1 (en) 2013-01-04
US8893585B2 (en) 2014-11-25
US20120152066A1 (en) 2012-06-21
DK2468454T3 (en) 2014-02-03
ES2447391T3 (en) 2014-03-11
EP2468454A1 (en) 2012-06-27
FR2969025A1 (en) 2012-06-22

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