EP2462020A2

EP2462020A2 - Electric wheel motor fitted onto a variable speed drive of a wheeled vehicle

Info

Publication number: EP2462020A2
Application number: EP10762964A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Daniel Giudice
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Mazziotta Motors
Priority date: 2009-08-04
Filing date: 2010-08-02
Publication date: 2012-06-13
Also published as: WO2011015782A2; WO2011015782A3; FR2949028B1; FR2949028A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a wheeled vehicle where the rotary output shaft (47) of the variable speed drive (49) is arranged coaxially to the stationary shaft of the stator (53) of the electric motor (21) and coaxially to the rotor (55) of said motor. The rotor, the stationary shaft of the stator, and the rotary output shaft of the variable speed drive are thus concentrically arranged, from the inside to outside: the rotary shaft, the stator stationary shaft (53a) of the stator, and the rotor, the rotary output shaft of the variable speed drive supporting the stationary shaft of the stator, which in turn supports the rotor.

Description

Electric wheel motor adapted to a drive

rolling vehicle

The present invention relates to an electric wheel motor adapted to a drive of a moving vehicle.

More specifically, is concerned a ride-on vehicle comprising wheels (for rolling) and having an assembly between an electric wheel motor and a drive fitted to this vehicle, the electric wheel motor comprising a stator fixed shaft and a rotor and the variator comprising a rotary output shaft.

On such vehicles, particularly of the scooter or motorcycle type, where electric drive systems exist, some integrate an electric motor in the axis of the crankshaft of the engine. Others, in the clutch bell of the variator, or remote and tied by belt with the variator of the scooter.

In CN201176121 an electric motor-wheel is provided in connection with the rear wheel. It is reported to the drive housing. The motor-wheel is an integral part of the drive housing.

DE10219332 further discloses a ride-on vehicle comprising, on the rear wheel, an assembly between a shaft with a notched pinion, with chain transmission. This assembly comprises a rotary output shaft and an electric wheel motor comprising a fixed stator shaft and a rotor. A fixed shaft for holding the wheel on the frame or chassis, the rotary output shaft of the variator, the fixed shaft of the stator and the rotor are arranged coaxially along the axis of rotation of the wheel and in this order, of inside towards the outside. These solutions have in common that we must redefine the transmission system. Adaptation on existing vehicles poses specific problems of compatibility.

This is particularly true for vehicles of DE10219332 or EP 1137154 which are bicycles.

An object of the invention is to simplify and make reliable the achievements.

Another aim is to propose adaptable solution elements on various existing vehicles of the ride-on and thermal engine type.

The solutions of claims 1 and 3 tend to satisfy at least some of these purposes.

It has been sought to design an assembly between the electric wheel motor and the variator, without major modification of the transmission system between the variator and the heat engine which, typically, is provided on the hybrid vehicles (i.e. those provided, for their propulsion, with at least one electric wheel motor and a heat engine, in particular an internal combustion engine / explosion engine).

On motorcycles or scooters, it is recommended that no fixed shaft (fixing the wheel to the frame / chassis) extends internally, through the rotating shaft of the motor-wheel, along the axis of rotation of the wheel of the vehicle, in contrast to the fixed central shafts marked respectively 31 in DE10219332 and 8/9 in EP 1137154.

A corollary problem relates to the assembly of this assembly and the subsequent maintenance, simplifying these interventions, while providing a guiding / centering performance of the central rotary shaft, since it is not supported internally on a fixed shaft, contrary to the teachings of DE10219332 and EP 1137154.

In this context, it is recommended that:

the stator fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the oscillating arm equipping the vehicle, in several places around said axis of rotation of the wheel and, on this side of this wheel, the rotary shaft is axially locked by a removable retainer,

driven by a crankshaft of the heat engine, the rotary shaft rotates about said axis of the wheel by means of bearings, at the output of the housing of the variator, facing the motor-wheel, and / or

in a central manner with respect to the electric motor, the rotary shaft rotates through several groups of bearings and / or bearing (s) spaced (thus axially spaced apart), and / or

- that two staggered groups of bearings are mounted between the rotary shaft and the stator fixed shaft, and / or - a set of bearings is mounted between said rotary shaft and the oscillating arm through which will then extend tree.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, with reference to the attached drawings presented, as this description, by way of non-limiting example and where Figure 1 shows schematically different structural elements of a two-wheel hybrid vehicle according to the invention, Figure 2 schematically shows different structural elements of the vehicle, near the wheel of the vehicle of Figure 1 and its corresponding motor-wheel, the 3 shows the following section III-III of FIG. 4, FIG. 4 shows a side view of the oscillating arm and the motor-wheel according to arrow IV of FIG. 3, in a rear wheel mounting solution, FIGS. 5, 6 are, in top view, two embodiments of oscillating arms which simplify assembly and maintenance, and 7,8,9 are three mounting variants including the central rotary shaft of the motor-wheel.

In the figures, the vehicle 1 is a hybrid electric / thermal propulsion scooter.

It comprises:

a front wheel 3, a front front wheel 5,

- Handlebar, a handle 7 electronic throttle, - a handle 9a and 9b brake pedal, respectively front and rear,

an onboard computer 11,

an electric wheel motor 21 supporting the rim 24 and the tire of the rear wheel 5,

a battery of electrochemical accumulators and / or a super-capacitor pack (s) (not shown) especially intended for supplying the electric motor 21,

a heat engine 13, with an electric actuator for its carburizing or injection system, and which drives a variator transmission system 17 having a rotary output shaft 47 rotating the rear wheel 5.

As known, 17 is a speed variator, such as a gear device, pulleys and / or belt for continuously changing the gear ratio of the engines, replacing a gearbox. At least the pedal 9b (and / or brake handle 9a) is coupled to a regenerative braking system, via the controller / computer 11, to operate as a generator the electric motor 21 when the pedal 9b is depressed.

The handle 9a and pedal 9b are further respectively connected to the front mechanical brakes 22a and 22b rear they control when they sink.

The electronic controller / computer 11 is connected to the heat engine 13, to the electric wheel motor 21, to the battery 15, to the pedal 9b, to the throttle grip 7, to the brake handle 9a.

The on-board electronic controller / computer 11 controls / controls the operation of the heat engine 13 and the electric wheel motor 21, thus managing the vehicle's propulsion, its acceleration, its regenerative braking, in particular.

A shaft 27 connects the heat engine 13 and the variator 17.

FIG. 2 shows the heat engine 13 connected to the electric wheel motor 21 by a mechanical transmission 30 housed in the variator 17.

In the illustrated assembly, the crankshaft 29 of the heat engine drives the piston (s) 31 and its output shaft 27, which extends inside the variator.

17, is provided with a wheel 35 around which passes a transmission belt 37. At a distance, this belt passes around a second drive wheel 39 whose rotating shaft 39a is engaged on a reduction gear 41. The wheel 39 supports the clutch bell of the variator. In the example, this gear comprises a first gear 43 which meshes with a second different gear wheel 45 whose output shaft is identified 47 and referred to herein as "output shaft of the variator" (there may be more or less gear wheels).

This output shaft is rotatable. Driven by the crankshaft 29 of the heat engine, it rotates about the axis 47a of the rear wheel 5, by means of bearings 51, at the output of the housing 49 of the variator, resting on it, facing the electric motor-wheel 21, as shown schematically in FIG.

In this electric motor, this shaft 47 is in the center. It rotates about the axis 47a, by means of several groups of bearings spaced axially between them, here three: 52a, 52b, 52c. Two (52a, 52b) are mounted between the shaft 47 and the stationary shaft of the stator 53a which surrounds it. The set of bearings 52c is mounted between the shaft 47 and the oscillating arm 23.

Two sets of bearings axially spaced along the axis 47a would suffice, particularly 51.52c (see figure

7), 51,52b, or even the only set of bearings 51, with a bearing (such as 720 fig.7 or 9) between this shaft (or an intermediate section attached) and the rotor.

Thus, one or more spans can replace some of said bearings.

3, between the fixed shaft 53a and, on one side, the body 68 (cylindrical bell-shaped) of the rotor 55, on the other side a flange 67 of this rotor fixed rigidly (removably) to this rotor 55, here by screws 67a, there are the sets of bearings respectively 54b and 54a. At 78a, 78b, the flange 67 is also fixed rigidly and laterally, facing the variator, to a second flange 70 rotated about the axis

47a by its rigid connection to the shaft 47 (which it surrounds), here via the key 72.

The swingarm is a component of the rear suspension of the vehicle. As fig.5, it may include two branches (one on each side of the rear wheel ARR) and a pair of shock absorber-spring that will connect it to the top of the frame / chassis of the motorcycle (not shown).

For the reasons and advantages already mentioned of adaptability on existing vehicles (in particular of the type presented up to now), of controlled costs, but also of ease of assembly / disassembly, thus of maintenance, and of reliability, the shaft 47 output of the drive is arranged coaxially with the fixed shaft 53a of the stator 53 of the electric motor and the rotor 55 of the latter. Reference 47a shows this common axis which, of course, is that of rotation of the wheel 5.

The stator 53 is fixedly connected to the oscillating arm at one end of the fixed shaft 53a, exclusively on one side of the wheel 5, while the variator is located on the opposite side of this wheel, where the rotary shaft (47,470 ) is connected to the rotor 55.

And the fixed shaft 53a is fixedly connected to the oscillating arm (23,230) in several places (69a, 69b, see fig.4) distributed around said axis 47a, whereas, on the side of this oscillating arm, the rotary shaft 47 is blocked axially at a free end 471, by a retainer 80. The retainer 80 is removable. On the drive side 17, the shaft 47 is axially locked at the location of the second gear wheel 45. At the gears, there may be a circlip.

Figures 3,7,8,9 show several ways to stop the rotating shaft 47, to achieve it and guide or center.

Like all rotating machines of this type, the stator 53 creates a fixed longitudinal magnetic field by means of electrical active parts (such as windings or permanent magnets) 530. The rotor 55, which here rotates around, comprises a set of other electrical active parts, such as 550. There may be coils connected to a rotary manifold (not shown) which collects the product stream.

Note that the rotor 55, the fixed shaft 53a of the stator and the rotary shaft 47 of the variator are arranged concentrically (one around the other), with, from the inside to the outside, the shaft 47, the fixed shaft 53a of the stator and the rotor 55. The shaft 47 of the variator supports the shaft 53a which itself supports the rotor.

It is also noted that the same shaft 47 is fixedly connected to the rotor 55 to drive it in rotation, this rotor being fixedly connected to the rim 24, thereby rotating the wheel concerned, 5.

In the present description, it must be understood "fixedly bound" as fixed (with attachment means, screw or other) or integral (monobloc, made in one piece, as shown in fig.3). A fixing to the bars 24a of the rim whose rotor 55 defines the central hub is an interesting solution. In the preferred version of FIG. 3, the mechanical connection between the shaft 47 and the rotor 55 is thus achieved by means of the key 72.

Splines could replace it to transmit the torque of the drive shaft to the rotor.

The flat flanges 67,70 could be replaced by a single piece receiving the torque of the shaft 47 (less practical solution). The casing 68 could be integral with the spokes / bars 24a of the rim (as illustrated), which therefore has a circular outer web 24b which supports the tire 25 and to which the spokes 24a (fig.l) are connected.

To transmit the torque in the portion 470 where the shaft 47 has the largest section, so is the most resistant, it is preferable, around the axis 47a, to link in rotation this shaft and the rotor 55, dimmer side 49 , at the outlet of this shaft (at 72), without it being connected (direct) to the opposite end (at 471), at the oscillating arm side 23.

In order to be able to dismount the wheel 5 easily, it is furthermore recommended that the mechanical connection between the rotary shaft 47 and the rotor 55 be a (double) removable link, on the one hand at the level of the shaft itself (here key 72), on the other hand at the housing 67 of the rotor, via the second removable connection (here screws 78a, 78b).

In order to prevent rotation of the stator 53, its fixed shaft 53a is fixed (and / or bound rigidly, rigidly) to the oscillating arm of the vehicle.

Figures 5, 6 the illustrated wheel is necessarily the rear wheel 5 of the vehicle. Fig.5, the oscillating arm 23 is a fork with two branches 23a, 23b open rearward (ARR).

One, 23a, branches extends to the right of the wheel 5. The drive 17 is located on the left and is fixed to the other branch 23b. Preferably on the drive side and at the front, the swing arm 23 is fixed (transverse axis 65a) rotatably articulated to the frame 65 of the vehicle; see articulation 230b.

Figure 6, the swing arm 230 is single branch. It extends only to the right of this wheel. The drive 17 is located to the left of the wheel.

The oscillating arm 230 and the variator are each mounted at the front (AVT) independently and rotatably articulated (axle 65a) to the frame 65 of the vehicle; see joints 170a, 230a.

The rotationally articulated attachment allows a travel adapted to the establishment of a means of suspension and damping pressing up on the frame (not shown). These fastenings to the chassis are removable (use screws -telles 231-, bolts ..). This allows easy access to the hub of the rear wheel 5 and thus to the wheel motor and the elements that surround or constitute it.

As for the fixing of the fixed shaft 53a to the oscillating arm, it can favorably operate, as fig.3, by screwed fastening of a circular shaft end 530a (see dotted circle fig.4) with a central portion swing arm 23 extending opposite. Several screwings will thus be distributed angularly balanced around the axis 47a. The bolts 69a, 69b are provided for this purpose; fig.4. The shaft end 530a will preferably be larger in diameter than the shaft 53a.

In order to allow a distribution of forces sometimes dimmer side, sometimes side swingarm 23, and also not to change the design of the housing of the drive, it is preferable in the end, link the shaft 53a only to the swing arm, as indicated above. above, so as to block the torque of this shaft 53a.

Again, to promote maintenance, including the disassembly of the wheel 5 here concerned, it is recommended that the aforementioned connection between the shaft 53a of the stator and the oscillating arm 23 is also a removable connection. The bolts 69a, 69b allow, and all the more so if their heads are accessible outside 23a of the swingarm.

It will be noted that the various removable links mentioned above make it possible to disassemble the wheel concerned without having to open the electric motor.

For disassembly of the solution of fig.3, one can proceed as follows:

- Remove on the swing arm 23 the fixing screws 69a, 69b which, around the axis 47a, block the stator 53 of the motor 21, through the oscillating arm,

at the free end 471, disassemble the bolt 80 of the shaft 47 of the variator which retains it axially (swingarm side),

- Disassemble the swing arm 23 which can be held by fixing screws to the chassis of the vehicle (not shown),

- remove the swingarm,

- Remove the screws 78a, 78b ... for fixing the rotor 55, on the dimmer side 17, (screw with an accessible head and the outside of the housing of the variator 17 to allow to pass a key),

- translate and remove the wheel 5 along the axis 47a of the drive.

The wheel is disassembled, without the casings 49, 67 of the electric motor had to be opened.

The reassembly is carried out in the same way, in the reverse order of operations.

From the above description, it should be understood that the preferred vehicle for implementing the invention will be a scooter or a hybrid motorcycle comprising two or three wheels, including a rear wheel and, for its propulsion, at least:

an electric motor,

and a heat engine driving the components of the variator whose rotary output shaft will therefore be mounted on said rear wheel.

7, the output 470 of the drive shaft 17 is again guided, along the axis 47a (axis of the wheel 5), by the set of bearings 51, before entering the electric motor 21. The rotation drive of the rotor 55 along the axis 47a is effected via the rigid connection 72 which forms a bearing (720) coaxial with 47a engaged on a shaft end 721, itself coaxial. Thus, it is here a connection with splines that transmits the torque to the web of the wheel (rotor) and save fasteners.

Axially, the outlet 470 is extended (rigidly) by the shaft 47 which is guided, towards its end close to the oscillating arm 23, by the aforementioned bearing set 52c thus carried by this oscillating arm. There may be no other spans (guide / center) of the shaft rotary 47/470. Beyond 52c, the shaft end 47 passes through the arm 23 and is stopped axially by the removable retainer 80 which, as Fig.3 may be an end bolt, screwed. This could for example be a key.

In 53b, a bearing ensures a support of the shaft 53a of the stator on a conformation 23a of the oscillating arm 23 at the shaft end, so swing arm side.

In contrast, on the drive side 17, this shaft 53a is, parallel to 47a, fixed with the inner flange 530a of the stator 53 in the form of a radial "I"; screw 550.

Two sets, here adjacent, of bearings 54a, 54b are interposed between the rotor 55 and the shaft 53a, thus guiding in rotation the first around the second, coaxially with 47a. Axially, they are between the bearings 51 and 52c, and even between the range 720 and the bearings 52c.

In 231 a removable cap hides the access to the central space 30 where the shaft 47 extends and which opens, 30a, through the arm 23, therefore the opposite of the drive.

With respect to the solution of FIG. 3, that of FIG. 8 no longer includes bearings 52c between the rotary shaft 47 and the oscillating arm 23. There are therefore three central bearing surfaces for the rotary central shaft 47. The shaft 47, which therefore rotates in the center of the electric motor, is shorter. Side swinging arm, it stops before the arm 23. Its retention along the axis 47a is again a stop 80 which can be a bolt screwed. There are always circumferential fasteners (69a, 69b ...) rigid between the oscillating arm 23 and the end of the rotor shaft 53a. Compared to the solution of Fig.7, that of Figure 9 no longer includes bearings 52c between the rotary shaft 47 and the oscillating arm 23. and the shaft 47 is shorter than fig.8. There are only two central spans for the rotating central shaft 47-470: the span 720, which forms a short rotating shaft, coaxial with 47a, and the bearings 51.

The swinging arm is no longer traversed by the rotary shaft 47 which is always retained against the axis 47a by the stop 80. There are always the circumferential fasteners (69a, 69b ...) rigid between the arm oscillating 23 and the end of the stator shaft 53a.

The solutions of FIGS. 7 to 9 could have been mixed. FIGS. 8 and 9, the retention of the shaft 47 is also "oscillating arm side 23" in the sense that access is advantageously reserved through the center of this arm (as Fig.7), or via its disassembly at the front relative to the frame 65, the central space 30 which opens then, in 30a, arm side 23 (opposite the variator) to reach the restraint 80 and thus disassemble or reassemble to access the tree.

It will have been noticed that in no embodiment, the rotary shaft 47-470 receives at its center, coaxially, any fixed shaft (fixing the wheel to any element of the chassis) passing through it or on which it could be to support internally. Around the axis 47a of rotation of the wheel 5, this rotary shaft 47 is the most central.

Claims

Scooter or hybrid motorcycle riding vehicle comprising two or three wheels, an electric propulsion motor (21) and a propulsion engine (13), characterized in that it comprises:

- on a wheel (5), an assembly between a variator (17), driven by the heat engine (13) and whose output rotary shaft (47) is on said wheel, and as an electric motor, an engine wheel (21), which comprises a rotor (55) and a stator (53) with a fixed shaft (53a); the output rotary shaft (47) of the variator, the stator fixed shaft (53) and the rotor (55) being arranged coaxially along the axis (47a) of rotation of the wheel (5) and in this order, from the inside to the outside,

an oscillating arm (23, 230) to which the stator (53) of the motor-wheel (21) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed shaft (53a), exclusively, on one side of the wheel (5), the variator being located on the opposite side of this wheel (5) where the output rotary shaft (47,470) is connected to the rotor (55).

2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it is devoid of any fixed shaft extending internally through the rotary shaft (47) along said axis (47a) of rotation of the wheel.

3. Vehicle to ride comprising wheels (3, 5) for rolling and having, on the rear wheel (5), an assembly between an electric wheel motor (21) and a variator (17) equipping this vehicle, the motor- wheel electric motor (21) comprising a stator fixed shaft (53a)

(53) and a rotor (55), the inverter (17) comprising an output rotary shaft (47), the rotary output shaft (47) of the variator (17); the fixed shaft (53a) of the stator (53) of the electric motor (21) and the rotor (55) of the same motor being arranged coaxially along the axis of rotation of the wheel (47a) and in this order, inside out,

characterized in that it comprises an oscillating arm (23,230) to which the stator (53) of the motor-wheel (21) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed shaft (53a) on one side of the wheel (5) , exclusively, the drive being located on the opposite side of this wheel (5) where the output rotary shaft (47,470) is connected to the rotor (55).

4. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixed shaft (53a) of the stator is fixedly connected to the oscillating arm (23,230) in several places (69a, 69b ...) about said axis (47a). rotation of the wheel (5) and, on this side of the wheel, the rotary shaft (47) is axially locked at a free end (471) by a retainer (80).

5. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, driven by a crankshaft (29) of the engine, the rotary shaft (47) rotates about said axis (47a) by means of bearings (51) , at the output of the housing (49) whose variator is provided, facing the motor-wheel (21).

Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, centrally by relative to the electric motor, the rotary shaft (47) rotates through a plurality of groups of bearings and / or bearings (52a, 52b, 52c, 720) staggered along said axis (47a).

7. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two staggered groups of bearings (52a, 52b) are mounted between the rotary shaft (47) and the fixed shaft (53a) of the stator.

8. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a set of bearings

(52c) is mounted between the rotary shaft (47) and the oscillating arm (23).

9. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a seat (53b) provides a support of the shaft (53a) of the stator on a conformation

(23a) of the swing arm (23) towards one end of this shaft, swingarm side.

Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillating arm

(230) extends only to one side, to the right, of the rear wheel (5), the drive (17) on the opposite side to the left of said wheel being rotatably attached to the chassis ( 65) of the vehicle, independently of the swingarm.

11. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the oscillating arm (23) is a fork with two branches, one (23a) extends on one side, to the right, of the rear wheel (5), the variator (17) being fixed to the other arm (23b), which is rotatably fixed to the chassis (65) of the vehicle .

Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that:

the rotor (55) of the electric motor (21) is provided with a housing (67, 68),

- And, the rotary shaft (47) output of the drive (17) being connected to the rotor (55) of the electric motor (21), this connection is removable in two adjacent locations respectively to the rotary shaft (47) output itself and said housing (67,68) of the rotor (55).

13. Vehicle according to claim 3, or claim 3 and one of claims 4 to 12 attached to this claim 3, characterized in that it is a scooter or a hybrid motorcycle comprising two or three wheels, including said rear wheel (5a) and a propulsion engine (13) which drives the rotary shaft (47).

Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the front (AVT), the oscillating arm (23, 230) is detachably fixed and articulated in rotation (65a, 170a, 230a, 230b) to the chassis (65) of the vehicle.