EP2461296A1 - Device for monitoring aeronautical equipment - Google Patents
Device for monitoring aeronautical equipment Download PDFInfo
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- EP2461296A1 EP2461296A1 EP10193525A EP10193525A EP2461296A1 EP 2461296 A1 EP2461296 A1 EP 2461296A1 EP 10193525 A EP10193525 A EP 10193525A EP 10193525 A EP10193525 A EP 10193525A EP 2461296 A1 EP2461296 A1 EP 2461296A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- equipment
- monitoring device
- sensor
- parameter
- monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
- G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
- G07C5/085—Registering performance data using electronic data carriers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for monitoring an aeronautical equipment, more particularly to a device for monitoring equipment intended to be placed on the equipment in question.
- the invention also relates to avionic equipment provided with said monitoring device.
- Aeronautical equipment includes many equipment likely to fail and therefore requiring specific maintenance.
- the maintenance frequencies of these different devices vary according to various usage parameters. It is therefore useful to be able to measure these parameters of life and use of equipment in order to ensure optimal maintenance and guaranteeing the safety of people.
- the patent document US 2003/0083794 A1 discloses an avionic equipment diagnostic system, essentially comprising a series of sensors disposed on or near the avionic equipment and able to measure different operating parameters of the equipment in question, and a common receiver able to communicate with the sensors and to receive the data relating to the operating parameters measured by the sensors, with a view to diagnosis and maintenance of the equipment.
- the sensors include an electrical power source, a microcontroller type circuit board and a transmitter / receiver.
- the receiver includes essentially a transmitter / receiver capable of communicating with the sensors, a display, control means and a microcontroller.
- the sensors can be of the passive type, ie working without a source of clean energy. They are then powered electrically by the energy received from the interrogation signal transmitted by the receiver.
- the diagnostic system disclosed in this document is particularly suitable for performing spot checks of various equipment such as the state of operation of these equipment before takeoff.
- the monitoring provided by the sensors is essentially limited to the operating state of the equipment in order to detect malfunctions.
- the parameters usually monitored include vibrations, pressures, liquid levels, etc. This teaching does not really provide a function of monitoring equipment operating conditions in order to monitor their history throughout their lives.
- the patent document WO 2005/111949 A 1 discloses a device for monitoring the operation of avionic equipment.
- the device is disposed near the equipment and comprises a processor, a memory, a connection interface with different sensors arranged at various locations of the equipment and a communication interface with the outside.
- the device is intended to collect the data of the various sensors during a test procedure and to compare the measurements obtained in real time during the operational operation of the aircraft with these so-called reference test measurements, in order to be able to determine the need for maintenance of said equipment.
- the example equipment subject to monitoring is an air turbine starter and the operating parameters that are measured include torque, speed, vibration, bending deformation and torsional deformation.
- the memory of the monitoring device stores the data of the different measuring points or equipment, these data being measured in real time, in its memory.
- the monitoring device is in principle an accessory external to the equipment but can also be integrated into the equipment in question.
- the device is equipped with a memory, the fact remains that it is essentially intended to process the measured data in real time and to produce a maintenance report or analysis and also a logistical analysis of the parts needed for the measurement. maintenance in question. This teaching does not address the issue of memory capacity to preserve a history of the equipment.
- the patent document FR 2 909 792 A1 addresses the issue of maintenance of avionics equipment and discloses the presence of a monitoring device with memory and embedded on a LRU type equipment (Line Replaceable Unit), focusing on the centralization of surveillance, without really detailing more the device itself.
- LRU type equipment Line Replaceable Unit
- equipment history (especially LRUs) is manually traced and the level of detail is left to the discretion of the company. It is therefore often difficult to trace the life of equipment that may have been placed on different aircraft / engines. And so during a maintenance, it is difficult for the company to judge the relevance of returning this equipment for inspection and repair. It is even more difficult for the maintenance company to know the history of the equipment requiring the complete disassembly of the equipment before it can decide on the parts to be supplied to repair it and thus preventing any optimization of inventory management. The recording of equipment life parameters will allow a coordinated management of maintenance and a reduction of cost.
- the recording of equipment life parameters will also optimize the design of future generations of equipment.
- the incomplete information on the experience of the equipment does not allow its designer to draw all the fruit of feedback from the maintenance.
- the recording of the parameters of the life of the equipment will make it possible to fill statistical databases and thus to quantify the real reliability rates as well as to identify and quantify the causes of the repairs to be made on the equipment and to to improve the design of future generations.
- the object of the invention is to propose a device for monitoring an aeronautical equipment that overcomes at least one of the drawbacks mentioned above, more particularly a device for monitoring an aeronautical equipment that makes it possible to trace the history of the equipment over a period of time. given or a given number of cycles and especially during the lifetime (typically 50,000 hours or 50,000 cycles), and particularly suitable to be integrated with said equipment.
- the energy source is preferentially electric. It is preferably of sufficient capacity for the operation of the device.
- the automatic activation of the monitoring device, its operation and / or its deactivation take place in the absence of electrical connection with the outside of the device.
- the parameter or parameters representative of the operation of the equipment comprise the temperature and / or the vibrations. Indeed, these parameters are particularly representative of the operation equipment, and more particularly the level of load of their operation.
- the device comprises a vibration sensor serving as a setting parameter of the device.
- the device will be activated when the equipment is subjected to a vibration level corresponding to operation under a load beyond a predetermined level.
- the vibration triggering threshold may be at the measured amplitude, at the frequency level or at a combination of both.
- the vibration sensor is configured to detect at least one determined frequency range. This is interesting when this frequency range corresponds for example to a so-called idle or "idle" regime of the equipment, as this makes it possible to determine each operating cycle.
- the device comprises a temperature sensor serving as a setting parameter of the device.
- the energy source comprises a thermo-generator.
- a thermo-generator allows the device to be autonomous. It will then be powered in particular when it is likely to be put into operation.
- thermo-generator ensures the function of the device based on a temperature parameter. This is a simple and effective configuration of the device. The fact of reaching a given temperature level at the location of the device on the equipment will then provide the necessary power supply and commissioning.
- the device comprises a vibration sensor ensuring the function of the device on the basis of a vibration parameter.
- the energy source further comprises a piezoelectric generator.
- the device comprises connectors intended to allow a transfer of information stored in the memory to an external device.
- the device is passive from a wave emission point of view. This measurement is particularly interesting insofar as the device is intended to remain on the equipment throughout its life.
- the passivity of the device will make it possible to avoid possible problems of electromagnetic compatibility with the environment of the equipment, on the aircraft and / or on the ground.
- the device comprises a support housing the components of said device.
- the support comprises an apparent metallic part intended to receive an identification plate of the device and / or the equipment.
- the identification is present directly on the support, for example by etching.
- the support comprises a mounting face on the equipment, said face being metallic and directly supporting the sensor capable of measuring an operating parameter of said equipment, said sensor being selected from temperature and vibration sensors.
- the metal support ensures optimal transmission of vibrations and heat.
- the invention also relates to avionic equipment comprising a device as defined above.
- the avionic equipment has at least one natural frequency
- the monitoring device comprises a vibration sensor capable of detecting a frequency range comprising said natural frequency of said equipment.
- the sensor will thus be configured to detect an operating cycle of the equipment when a sufficient amplitude is reached.
- the figure 1 is a simplified illustration of a dual axial flow turbomachine and provided with lubrication equipment subject to surveillance according to the invention.
- the figure 2 is a schematic illustration of the lubrication equipment of the turbomachine of the figure 1 and provided with a monitoring device according to the invention.
- the figure 3 is an enlarged view of the monitoring device of the figure 2 and according to the invention.
- the figure 4 is an illustration of the architecture of the monitoring device according to the invention.
- the figure 1 illustrates a double-flow turbomachine type aircraft engine 2 well known to those skilled in the art.
- This aircraft engine 2 is provided with a series of equipment including a lubrication equipment 4.
- the aircraft engine comprises a rotor rotating about the axis XX 'by means of bearings undergoing loads more or less important and requiring lubrication and possibly also cooling.
- the lubrication equipment 4 typically comprises an oil reservoir 8 and an equipment oil management unit 10 comprising, inter alia, a pump 12, means for filtering and regulating the outlet pressure, a connector oil outlet, an oil return connector and an air / oil separator.
- an equipment oil management unit 10 comprising, inter alia, a pump 12, means for filtering and regulating the outlet pressure, a connector oil outlet, an oil return connector and an air / oil separator.
- a monitoring device 6 according to the invention is disposed on an outer wall of the equipment, more particularly a wall of the oil management unit of the equipment.
- This wall makes it possible to collect a good number of information relating to the operation of the equipment, such as in particular its operating temperature and the vibrations which reign there.
- the pump and the other components are subject to operating speeds and variable temperature and vibration constraints.
- the figure 3 is an enlarged view of the monitoring device 6. It is generally parallelepiped shape and very small, typically of the order of one or more centimeters of side and a few millimeters thick. It preferably comprises a support 20 serving as housing or housing to its components. The support comprises an outer surface 16 covered mostly or completely by an identification plate 18 of the equipment. In this way, the monitoring device is intimately associated with the equipment and identifiable by the identification of the equipment.
- FIG 4 An example of an architecture of the monitoring device 6 figures 2 and 3 is illustrated at the figure 4 . It comprises inside the support 20 at least one sensor 28 able to measure an operating parameter of the equipment. This or these sensors 28 can take various forms and be of various origins. Typically, the device comprises a vibration sensor and / or a temperature sensor. Indeed, these two parameters are among the most representative parameters of the operation of many aeronautical equipment.
- the monitoring device 6 also comprises a microcontroller 22, a memory 24, an electrical energy generator 26 and a connection interface 30.
- the electrical energy source 26 makes it possible to power the device, in particular the microcontroller 22.
- memory 24 makes it possible to store the data relating to the parameters measured by the sensor or sensors 28.
- the source of electrical energy may be of the thermo-generator type.
- a thermo-generator uses the thermoelectric effect, which is a physical phenomenon present in certain materials that binds the flow of heat through the electric current flowing through them. This effect gives the possibility of converting heat flow into electric current and allows applications of electricity generation from lost heat sources. Conversion systems using the thermoelectric effect have however, low yields, whether in electricity generation or refrigeration. However, this low efficiency makes it possible to power very advantageously a monitoring device which is a very small consumer of electrical energy.
- thermo-generator module may consist of "couples" electrically connected.
- Each of the pairs consists of a p-type semiconductor material and an n-type semiconductor material. These two materials are joined by a conductive material whose thermoelectric power is assumed to be zero.
- the two branches (p and n) of the pair and all the other couples constituting the module are connected in series electrically and in parallel thermally. This arrangement optimizes the heat flow through the module and its electrical resistance. Charge carriers (electrons and holes) move from the cold source to the hot source (in the thermodynamic sense) in the two branches of each pair. The heat flow will then cause a displacement of the charge carriers and therefore the appearance of an electric current.
- piezoelectric generator is based on piezoelectricity which is the property that some bodies have to be electrically polarized under the action of a mechanical stress and reciprocally to deform when an electric field is applied to them.
- the vibrations of the equipment will make it possible to compress and decompress one or more elements made of piezoelectric material and, consequently, to generate, for example by means of an integrated smoothing circuit, a current source. electrical capable of supplying or co-powering the thermoelectric generator with the monitoring device.
- the device is configured to be activated automatically only in the presence of one or more parameters representative of the operation of the equipment, such as a minimum temperature or a predetermined vibration level.
- This commissioning or on-demand function also makes it possible to determine the length of the cycles and the cumulative hours of service of the equipment.
- the decommissioning is carried out inversely and automatically: when the parameter or parameters representative of the operation of the equipment exceed or pass under a predetermined value or values, and during a predefined period of time, the device will be automatically switched off. service.
- the device will be turned on when the equipment is subjected to a vibration level corresponding to operation at a level of load beyond a predetermined level.
- the vibration trigger threshold may be at the level of the measured amplitude, at the frequency level or a combination of both.
- the vibration sensor is configured to detect at least one frequency range corresponding for example to a so-called idle speed or "idle" of the equipment, in order to determine each operating cycle.
- the equipment may have one or more natural frequencies when it is mounted on the aircraft and in operation. These natural frequencies may be intrinsic to the equipment or result from vibrations from other equipment and transmitted to the equipment in question.
- the electric generator that will ensure the setting in function or service and the decommissioning of the device.
- Such a device will then be of extremely simple construction since it is the power up which will start the measurement of the operating parameter (s) and the power off which will stop the measurement.
- the measurements will intrinsically contain, in addition to information relating to the operating costs of the equipment, information relating to the length of the operating cycles and thus the number of cumulative hours of operation of the equipment.
- the generator whether based on heat, vibration or any other base, can thus be calibrated to deliver a voltage or an output current sufficient for the commissioning of the monitoring device only when the equipment is in operation. .
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- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention a trait à un dispositif de surveillance d'un équipement aéronautique, plus particulièrement à un dispositif de surveillance d'un équipement destiné à être disposé sur l'équipement en question. L'invention a trait également à un équipement avionique pourvu dudit dispositif de surveillance.The invention relates to a device for monitoring an aeronautical equipment, more particularly to a device for monitoring equipment intended to be placed on the equipment in question. The invention also relates to avionic equipment provided with said monitoring device.
Dans de nombreux domaines techniques, notamment des domaines où des êtres humains interagissent avec du matériel technique complexe susceptible de porter atteinte à leur sécurité, comme notamment les activités de transport des personnes, mais plus particulièrement encore le domaine aéronautique, la maintenance du matériel technique en question a un impact direct sur la sécurité des personnes. Le matériel aéronautique comprend de nombreux équipements susceptibles de défaillance et requérants par conséquent une maintenance spécifique. Les fréquences de maintenance de ces différents équipements varient en fonction de divers paramètres d'utilisation. Il est donc utile de pouvoir mesurer ces paramètres de vie et d'utilisation des équipements afin de pouvoir assurer une maintenance optimale et garantissant la sécurité des personnes.In many technical fields, including areas where human beings interact with complex technical equipment that may affect their safety, such as the transport activities of people, but more particularly the aeronautical field, maintenance of technical equipment in issue has a direct impact on the safety of people. Aeronautical equipment includes many equipment likely to fail and therefore requiring specific maintenance. The maintenance frequencies of these different devices vary according to various usage parameters. It is therefore useful to be able to measure these parameters of life and use of equipment in order to ensure optimal maintenance and guaranteeing the safety of people.
Le document de brevet
Le document de brevet
Le document de brevet
Actuellement, l'historique des équipements (en particulier les LRU) est tracé manuellement et le niveau de détail est laissé à la discrétion de la compagnie. Il est donc souvent difficile de tracer la vie de l'équipement qui peut avoir été placé sur différents avions/moteurs. Et donc lors d'une maintenance, il est difficile pour la compagnie de juger de la pertinence de renvoyer cet équipement pour inspection et réparation. Il est encore plus difficile pour la compagnie de maintenance de connaître le passé de l'équipement exigeant le démontage complet de l'équipement avant de pouvoir statuer sur les pièces à approvisionner pour le réparer et empêchant ainsi toute optimisation de la gestion des stocks. L'enregistrement des paramètres de la vie de l'équipement permettront une gestion coordonnée de la maintenance et une réduction de coût.Currently, equipment history (especially LRUs) is manually traced and the level of detail is left to the discretion of the company. It is therefore often difficult to trace the life of equipment that may have been placed on different aircraft / engines. And so during a maintenance, it is difficult for the company to judge the relevance of returning this equipment for inspection and repair. It is even more difficult for the maintenance company to know the history of the equipment requiring the complete disassembly of the equipment before it can decide on the parts to be supplied to repair it and thus preventing any optimization of inventory management. The recording of equipment life parameters will allow a coordinated management of maintenance and a reduction of cost.
L'enregistrement des paramètres de la vie de l'équipement permettront également d'optimiser le design des futures générations d'équipements. Les informations lacunaires sur le vécu de l'équipement ne permettent pas à son concepteur de tirer tout le fruit du retour d'expérience de la maintenance. L'enregistrement des paramètres de la vie de l'équipement permettront de remplir des bases de données statistiques et donc de quantifier les taux de fiabilité réels ainsi que d'identifier et de quantifier les causes des réparations à effectuer sur l'équipement et d'en améliorer le design des futures générations.The recording of equipment life parameters will also optimize the design of future generations of equipment. The incomplete information on the experience of the equipment does not allow its designer to draw all the fruit of feedback from the maintenance. The recording of the parameters of the life of the equipment will make it possible to fill statistical databases and thus to quantify the real reliability rates as well as to identify and quantify the causes of the repairs to be made on the equipment and to to improve the design of future generations.
L'invention a pour objectif de proposer un dispositif de surveillance d'un équipement aéronautique palliant au moins un des inconvénients sus mentionnés, plus particulièrement un dispositif de surveillance d'un équipement aéronautique permettant de retracer l'historique de l'équipement sur une durée donnée ou un nombre de cycles donné et notamment durant la durée de vie (typiquement de 50.000 heures ou 50.000 cycles), et particulièrement adapté à être intégré audit équipement.The object of the invention is to propose a device for monitoring an aeronautical equipment that overcomes at least one of the drawbacks mentioned above, more particularly a device for monitoring an aeronautical equipment that makes it possible to trace the history of the equipment over a period of time. given or a given number of cycles and especially during the lifetime (typically 50,000 hours or 50,000 cycles), and particularly suitable to be integrated with said equipment.
L'invention a pour objet un dispositif de surveillance d'un équipement aéronautique destiné à être embarqué sur ledit équipement, comprenant :
- une source d'énergie électrique ; au moins un capteur apte à mesurer un paramètre de fonctionnement dudit équipement ; un microcontrôleur , une mémoire apte à stocker les valeurs mesurées par ledit capteur;
- remarquable en ce que ledit dispositif est configuré pour être mis automatiquement en fonction uniquement en présence d'un ou plusieurs paramètres représentatifs du fonctionnement dudit équipement. Le dispositif est également configuré pour être automatiquement mis hors fonction en l'absence du ou desdits paramètres, et ce durant une période prédéterminée.
- a source of electrical energy; at least one sensor capable of measuring an operating parameter of said equipment; a microcontroller, a memory capable of storing the values measured by said sensor;
- remarkable in that said device is configured to be automatically turned on only in the presence of one or more parameters representative of the operation of said equipment. The device is also configured to be automatically disabled in the absence of the one or more parameters for a predetermined period of time.
La source d'énergie est préférentiellement électrique. Elle est préférentiellement de capacité suffisante pour le fonctionnement du dispositif.The energy source is preferentially electric. It is preferably of sufficient capacity for the operation of the device.
Préférentiellement, la mise automatique en fonction du dispositif de surveillance, son fonctionnement et/ou sa mise hors fonction, ont lieu en l'absence de liaison électrique avec l'extérieur du dispositif.Preferably, the automatic activation of the monitoring device, its operation and / or its deactivation, take place in the absence of electrical connection with the outside of the device.
Ces mesures remarquables permettent d'assurer une fonction dite « mouchard » avec une mémoire et une source d'énergie limitées, c'est-à-dire avec des moyens de faible coût et encombrement. De plus, elles permettent également de déterminer la longueur des cycles et le nombre d'heures cumulées de service de l'équipement.These remarkable measures make it possible to provide a so-called "cookie" function with a limited memory and energy source, that is to say with means of low cost and bulk. In addition, they also make it possible to determine the length of the cycles and the cumulative hours of service of the equipment.
Avantageusement, le ou les paramètres représentatifs du fonctionnement de l'équipement comprennent la température et/ou les vibrations. En effet, ces paramètres sont particulièrement représentatifs du fonctionnement des équipements, et plus particulièrement du niveau de charge de leur fonctionnement.Advantageously, the parameter or parameters representative of the operation of the equipment comprise the temperature and / or the vibrations. Indeed, these parameters are particularly representative of the operation equipment, and more particularly the level of load of their operation.
Avantageusement, le dispositif comprend un capteur de vibration servant de paramètre de mise en fonction du dispositif. Dans ce cas, à titre d'exemple, le dispositif sera mis en fonction lorsque l'équipement sera soumis à un niveau de vibration correspondant à un fonctionnement sous une charge au-delà d'un niveau déterminé. Le seuil de déclenchement en vibration pourra être au niveau de l'amplitude mesurée, au niveau des fréquences ou encore au niveau d'une combinaison des deux.Advantageously, the device comprises a vibration sensor serving as a setting parameter of the device. In this case, for example, the device will be activated when the equipment is subjected to a vibration level corresponding to operation under a load beyond a predetermined level. The vibration triggering threshold may be at the measured amplitude, at the frequency level or at a combination of both.
Avantageusement, le capteur de vibration est configuré pour détecter au moins une plage de fréquence déterminée. Cela est intéressant lorsque cette plage de fréquence correspond par exemple à un régime dit ralenti ou « idle » de l'équipement, car cela permet de déterminer chaque cycle de fonctionnement.Advantageously, the vibration sensor is configured to detect at least one determined frequency range. This is interesting when this frequency range corresponds for example to a so-called idle or "idle" regime of the equipment, as this makes it possible to determine each operating cycle.
Avantageusement, le dispositif comprend un capteur de température servant de paramètre de mise en fonction du dispositif.Advantageously, the device comprises a temperature sensor serving as a setting parameter of the device.
Avantageusement, la source d'énergie comprend un thermo-générateur. Un tel générateur permet au dispositif d'être autonome. Il sera alors alimenté en courant notamment lorsqu'il sera susceptible d'être mis en fonction.Advantageously, the energy source comprises a thermo-generator. Such a generator allows the device to be autonomous. It will then be powered in particular when it is likely to be put into operation.
Avantageusement, le thermo-générateur assure la mise en fonction du dispositif sur base d'un paramètre de température. Il s'agit d'une configuration simple et efficace du dispositif. Le fait d'atteindre un niveau de température donné au niveau de l'emplacement du dispositif sur l'équipement va alors assurer l'alimentation électrique nécessaire et la mise en fonction.Advantageously, the thermo-generator ensures the function of the device based on a temperature parameter. This is a simple and effective configuration of the device. The fact of reaching a given temperature level at the location of the device on the equipment will then provide the necessary power supply and commissioning.
Avantageusement, le dispositif comprend un capteur de vibration assurant la mise en fonction du dispositif sur base d'un paramètre de vibration.Advantageously, the device comprises a vibration sensor ensuring the function of the device on the basis of a vibration parameter.
Avantageusement, la source d'énergie comprend, en outre, un générateur piézo-électrique.Advantageously, the energy source further comprises a piezoelectric generator.
Avantageusement, le dispositif comprend des connecteurs destinés à permettre un transfert d'information stockée dans la mémoire vers un appareil externe.Advantageously, the device comprises connectors intended to allow a transfer of information stored in the memory to an external device.
Avantageusement, le dispositif est passif d'un point de vue émission d'onde. Cette mesure est particulièrement intéressante dans la mesure où le dispositif est destiné à rester sur l'équipement tout au long de sa vie. La passivité du dispositif permettra d'éviter d'éventuels problèmes de compatibilité électromagnétique avec l'environnement de l'équipement, sur l'aéronef et/ou à terre.Advantageously, the device is passive from a wave emission point of view. This measurement is particularly interesting insofar as the device is intended to remain on the equipment throughout its life. The passivity of the device will make it possible to avoid possible problems of electromagnetic compatibility with the environment of the equipment, on the aircraft and / or on the ground.
Avantageusement, le dispositif comprend un support logeant les composants dudit dispositif.Advantageously, the device comprises a support housing the components of said device.
Avantageusement, le support comprend une partie apparente métallique destinée à recevoir une plaquette d'identification du dispositif et/ou de l'équipement. Alternativement, l'identification est présente directement sur le support, comme par exemple par gravure.Advantageously, the support comprises an apparent metallic part intended to receive an identification plate of the device and / or the equipment. Alternatively, the identification is present directly on the support, for example by etching.
Avantageusement, le support comprend une face de montage sur l'équipement, ladite face étant métallique et supportant directement le capteur apte à mesurer un paramètre de fonctionnement dudit équipement, ledit capteur étant sélectionné parmi des capteurs de température et de vibration. Le support métallique assure une transmission optimale des vibrations et de la chaleur.Advantageously, the support comprises a mounting face on the equipment, said face being metallic and directly supporting the sensor capable of measuring an operating parameter of said equipment, said sensor being selected from temperature and vibration sensors. The metal support ensures optimal transmission of vibrations and heat.
L'invention a pour objet également un équipement avionique comprenant un dispositif tel que défini précédemment.The invention also relates to avionic equipment comprising a device as defined above.
Avantageusement, l'équipement avionique présente au moins une fréquence propre, et le dispositif de surveillance comprend un capteur de vibration apte à détecter une plage de fréquence comprenant ladite fréquence propre dudit équipement. Le capteur sera ainsi configuré pour détecter un cycle de fonctionnement de l'équipement lorsqu'une amplitude suffisante sera atteinte.Advantageously, the avionic equipment has at least one natural frequency, and the monitoring device comprises a vibration sensor capable of detecting a frequency range comprising said natural frequency of said equipment. The sensor will thus be configured to detect an operating cycle of the equipment when a sufficient amplitude is reached.
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La description qui va suivre est un exemple de réalisation de l'invention appliqué à un système de lubrification d'une turbomachine double-flux du type moteur d'avion. Il est bien entendu que cette application est purement exemplative et que l'invention peut être appliquée à d'autres équipements d'un tel moteur ainsi qu'à divers équipements aéronautiques indépendants du moteur tels que, par exemple, des systèmes hydrauliques de commande d'éléments d'un aéronef.The following description is an exemplary embodiment of the invention applied to a lubrication system of a turbofan engine type double-flow aircraft. It is understood that this application is purely illustrative and that the invention can be applied to other equipment of such an engine as well as to various aeronautical equipment independent of the engine such as, for example, hydraulic control systems. elements of an aircraft.
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L'équipement de lubrification 4 comprend typiquement un réservoir d'huile 8 et unité 10 de gestion de l'huile de l'équipement comprenant, entre autres, une pompe 12, des moyens de filtration et de régulation de pression de sortie, un connecteur de sortie d'huile, un connecteur de retour d'huile et un séparateur air/huile.The
Un dispositif de surveillance 6 conforme à l'invention est disposé sur une paroi extérieure de l'équipement, plus particulièrement une paroi de l'unité de gestion de l'huile de l'équipement. Cette paroi permet de récolter un bon nombre d'informations relatives au fonctionnement de l'équipement, comme notamment sa température de fonctionnement et les vibrations qui y règnent. En fonction des différents régimes moteurs, la pompe et les autres composants sont en effet soumis à des régimes de fonctionnement ainsi que des contraintes de températures et de vibrations variables.A
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Un exemple d'architecture du dispositif de surveillance 6 des
Le dispositif de surveillance 6 comprend également un microcontrôleur 22, une mémoire 24, un générateur d'énergie électrique 26 et une interface de connexion 30. La source d'énergie électrique 26 permet d'alimenter électriquement le dispositif, notamment le microcontrôleur 22. La mémoire 24 permet de stocker les données relatives aux paramètres mesurés par le ou les capteurs 28.The
La source d'énergie électrique peut être du type thermo-générateur. Un thermo-générateur utilise l'effet thermoélectrique qui est un phénomène physique présent dans certains matériaux liant le flux de chaleur qui les traverse au courant électrique qui les parcourt. Cet effet donne la possibilité de convertir un flux de chaleur en courant électrique et permet des applications de génération d'électricité à partir de sources de chaleur perdue. Les systèmes de conversion utilisant l'effet thermoélectrique ont cependant des rendements faibles, que ce soit en génération d'électricité ou en réfrigération. Ce rendement faible permet toutefois d'alimenter très avantageusement un dispositif de surveillance qui est un très petit consommateur de d'énergie électrique.The source of electrical energy may be of the thermo-generator type. A thermo-generator uses the thermoelectric effect, which is a physical phenomenon present in certain materials that binds the flow of heat through the electric current flowing through them. This effect gives the possibility of converting heat flow into electric current and allows applications of electricity generation from lost heat sources. Conversion systems using the thermoelectric effect have however, low yields, whether in electricity generation or refrigeration. However, this low efficiency makes it possible to power very advantageously a monitoring device which is a very small consumer of electrical energy.
A titre d'exemple, un module thermo-générateur peut être constitué de «couples» connectés électriquement. Chacun des couples est constitué d'un matériau semi-conducteur de type p et d'un matériau semi-conducteur de type n. Ces deux matériaux sont joints par un matériau conducteur dont le pouvoir thermoélectrique est supposé nul. Les deux branches (p et n) du couple et tous les autres couples composant le module sont connectés en série électriquement et en parallèle thermiquement. Cette disposition permet d'optimiser le flux thermique qui traverse le module et sa résistance électrique. Les porteurs de charge (électrons et trous) se déplacent de la source froide à la source chaude (au sens thermodynamique) dans les deux branches de chaque couple. Le flux de chaleur va alors entraîner un déplacement des porteurs de charge et donc l'apparition d'un courant électrique.For example, a thermo-generator module may consist of "couples" electrically connected. Each of the pairs consists of a p-type semiconductor material and an n-type semiconductor material. These two materials are joined by a conductive material whose thermoelectric power is assumed to be zero. The two branches (p and n) of the pair and all the other couples constituting the module are connected in series electrically and in parallel thermally. This arrangement optimizes the heat flow through the module and its electrical resistance. Charge carriers (electrons and holes) move from the cold source to the hot source (in the thermodynamic sense) in the two branches of each pair. The heat flow will then cause a displacement of the charge carriers and therefore the appearance of an electric current.
Alternativement ou de manière complémentaire, elle peut également être du type piézo-électrique. Le principe d'un générateur piézoélectrique est basé sur la piézoélectricité qui est la propriété que possèdent certains corps de se polariser électriquement sous l'action d'une contrainte mécanique et réciproquement de se déformer lorsqu'on leur applique un champ électrique. Dans le cas du générateur piézoélectrique, les vibrations de l'équipement vont permettre de comprimer et de décomprimer un ou plusieurs éléments en matériau piézoélectrique et, partant, de générer, par exemple au moyen d'un circuit de lissage intégré, une source de courant électrique apte à alimenter ou à co-alimenter avec le générateur thermoélectrique le dispositif de surveillance.Alternatively or in a complementary manner, it can also be of the piezoelectric type. The principle of a piezoelectric generator is based on piezoelectricity which is the property that some bodies have to be electrically polarized under the action of a mechanical stress and reciprocally to deform when an electric field is applied to them. In the case of the piezoelectric generator, the vibrations of the equipment will make it possible to compress and decompress one or more elements made of piezoelectric material and, consequently, to generate, for example by means of an integrated smoothing circuit, a current source. electrical capable of supplying or co-powering the thermoelectric generator with the monitoring device.
Le dispositif est configuré pour être mis automatiquement en fonction uniquement en présence d'un ou plusieurs paramètres représentatifs du fonctionnement de l'équipement, comme par exemple une température minimale ou encore un niveau de vibration prédéterminé. Cette mise en service ou fonction à la demande permet également de déterminer la longueur des cycles et le nombre d'heures cumulées de service de l'équipement.The device is configured to be activated automatically only in the presence of one or more parameters representative of the operation of the equipment, such as a minimum temperature or a predetermined vibration level. This commissioning or on-demand function also makes it possible to determine the length of the cycles and the cumulative hours of service of the equipment.
La mise hors service se passe de manière inverse et automatique: lorsque le ou les paramètres représentatifs du fonctionnement de l'équipement dépassent ou passent sous une valeur ou des valeurs prédéterminées, et ce durant un laps de temps prédéfini, le dispositif sera automatiquement mis hors service.The decommissioning is carried out inversely and automatically: when the parameter or parameters representative of the operation of the equipment exceed or pass under a predetermined value or values, and during a predefined period of time, the device will be automatically switched off. service.
A titre d'exemple, le dispositif sera mis en fonction lorsque l'équipement sera soumis à un niveau de vibration correspondant à un fonctionnement à un niveau de charge au-delà d'un niveau déterminé. Le seuil de déclenchement vibration pourra être au niveau de l'amplitude mesurée, au niveau des fréquences ou encore une combinaison des deux. Le capteur de vibration est configuré pour détecter au moins une plage de fréquence correspondant par exemple à un régime dit ralenti ou « idle » de l'équipement, afin de déterminer chaque cycle de fonctionnement.For example, the device will be turned on when the equipment is subjected to a vibration level corresponding to operation at a level of load beyond a predetermined level. The vibration trigger threshold may be at the level of the measured amplitude, at the frequency level or a combination of both. The vibration sensor is configured to detect at least one frequency range corresponding for example to a so-called idle speed or "idle" of the equipment, in order to determine each operating cycle.
L'équipement peut présenter une ou plusieurs fréquences propres lorsqu'il est monté sur l'aéronef et en fonctionnement. Ces fréquences propres peuvent être intrinsèques à l'équipement ou résulter de vibrations provenant d'autres équipements et transmises à l'équipement en question.The equipment may have one or more natural frequencies when it is mounted on the aircraft and in operation. These natural frequencies may be intrinsic to the equipment or result from vibrations from other equipment and transmitted to the equipment in question.
Préférentiellement, c'est le générateur électrique qui va assurer la mise en fonction ou service et la mise hors service du dispositif. Un tel dispositif sera alors de construction extrêmement simple puisque c'est la mise sous tension qui va démarrer la mesure du ou des paramètres de fonctionnement et la mise hors tension qui va stopper la mesure. Les mesures vont ainsi intrinsèquement contenir, outre des informations relatives aux charges de fonctionnement de l'équipement, des informations relatives à la longueur des cycles de fonctionnement et ainsi le nombre d'heures de fonctionnement cumulées de l'équipement.Preferably, it is the electric generator that will ensure the setting in function or service and the decommissioning of the device. Such a device will then be of extremely simple construction since it is the power up which will start the measurement of the operating parameter (s) and the power off which will stop the measurement. The measurements will intrinsically contain, in addition to information relating to the operating costs of the equipment, information relating to the length of the operating cycles and thus the number of cumulative hours of operation of the equipment.
Le générateur, qu'il soit à base thermique, vibratoire ou encore toute autre base, peut ainsi être calibré pour ne délivrer une tension ou un courant de sortie suffisant pour la mise en service du dispositif de surveillance que lorsque l'équipement est en fonctionnement.The generator, whether based on heat, vibration or any other base, can thus be calibrated to deliver a voltage or an output current sufficient for the commissioning of the monitoring device only when the equipment is in operation. .
- 2:2:
- turbomachine du type turboréacteur à double flux;turbomachine turbofan type turbofan;
- 4:4:
- équipement de lubrification;lubrication equipment;
- 6:6:
- dispositif de surveillance de l'équipement;equipment monitoring device;
- 8:8:
- réservoir d'huile;oil tank;
- 10:10:
- unité de gestion de l'huile de l'équipement;equipment oil management unit;
- 12:12:
- pompe ;pump ;
- 14:14:
- séparateur air/huile;air / oil separator;
- 16:16:
- face du support du dispositif de surveillance de l'équipement destinée à recevoir la plaquette d'identification;face of the support of the device monitoring device for receiving the identification plate;
- 18:18:
- plaquette d'identification de l'équipement;identification plate of the equipment;
- 20:20:
- support du dispositif de surveillance de l'équipement;equipment monitoring device support;
- 22:22:
- microcontrôleur;microcontroller;
- 24:24:
- mémoire;memory;
- 26:26:
- générateur d'énergie électrique;electric power generator;
- 28:28:
- capteur de vibration et/ou de température;vibration and / or temperature sensor;
- 30 :30 :
- interface de connexion.connection interface.
Claims (15)
ledit dispositif (6) est configuré pour être mis automatiquement en fonction uniquement en présence d'un ou plusieurs paramètres représentatifs du fonctionnement dudit équipement, en l'absence de liaison électrique ou
électronique avec l'extérieur du dispositif.Device (6) for monitoring aeronautical equipment (4) intended to be loaded on said equipment, comprising:
said device (6) is configured to be activated automatically only in the presence of one or more parameters representative of the operation of said equipment, in the absence of an electrical connection or
electronic with the outside of the device.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10193525A EP2461296A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2010-12-02 | Device for monitoring aeronautical equipment |
CA2756599A CA2756599A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2011-10-21 | Aeronautic equipment monitoring device |
US13/307,177 US20120143436A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2011-11-30 | Monitoring Device for Aircraft Equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10193525A EP2461296A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2010-12-02 | Device for monitoring aeronautical equipment |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2461296A1 true EP2461296A1 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
Family
ID=43806767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10193525A Ceased EP2461296A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2010-12-02 | Device for monitoring aeronautical equipment |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US20120143436A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2461296A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2756599A1 (en) |
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US9347932B2 (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2016-05-24 | Arizona Board Of Regents, A Body Corporate Of The State Of Arizona Acting For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Device and method for breath analysis using acoustic resonance flow rate |
EP2573338B1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2017-07-19 | Safran Aero Boosters SA | Overfill control of an aircraft engine lubrication system |
FR3016710B1 (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2016-01-08 | Jean-Hugues Pettre | METHOD FOR PREDICTING AN OPERATIONAL MALFUNCTION OF AN AIRCRAFT OR AN AIRCRAFT FLEET |
US9916701B2 (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2018-03-13 | The Boeing Company | Vehicle auditing and control of maintenance and diagnosis for vehicle systems |
US9507982B2 (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-11-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Line replaceable unit health nodes and methods for determining maintenance actions relating to line replaceable units |
US9568912B2 (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2017-02-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Aircraft prognostic systems and methods for determining adaptive time between overhaul for line replaceable units |
DE102016107303A1 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-26 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Energy conversion system of a turbomachine, transmission or bearing housing of a turbomachine and turbomachinery |
US10544738B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2020-01-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Energy scavenging health monitors for aircraft and other vehicles |
US11661862B2 (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2023-05-30 | Unison Industries, Llc | Oil life of oil in a gearbox of an air turbine starter |
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US8596135B2 (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2013-12-03 | Technion Research and Dvelopment Foundation Ltd. | System and method for monitoring health of structural joints |
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2010
- 2010-12-02 EP EP10193525A patent/EP2461296A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-10-21 CA CA2756599A patent/CA2756599A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-11-30 US US13/307,177 patent/US20120143436A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20030083794A1 (en) | 2001-10-27 | 2003-05-01 | Juergen Halm | System and method for diagnosing aircraft components for maintenance purposes |
WO2005111949A1 (en) | 2003-10-01 | 2005-11-24 | Honeywell International Inc. | Aircraft accessory monitor |
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US20070114422A1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-24 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | System to monitor the health of a structure, sensor nodes, program product, and related methods |
FR2909792A1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-13 | Thales Sa | CENTRALIZED MAINTENANCE SYSTEM OF EMBEDDED ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS |
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CA2756599A1 (en) | 2012-06-02 |
US20120143436A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
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