EP2457411B1 - Element chauffant flexible - Google Patents

Element chauffant flexible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2457411B1
EP2457411B1 EP10726053.1A EP10726053A EP2457411B1 EP 2457411 B1 EP2457411 B1 EP 2457411B1 EP 10726053 A EP10726053 A EP 10726053A EP 2457411 B1 EP2457411 B1 EP 2457411B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
resistance heating
structure according
flat structure
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10726053.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2457411A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Gerken
Jürgen BÜHRING
Roland Freudenmann
Dorthe Wittje
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Benecke Kaliko AG
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Benecke Kaliko AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Benecke Kaliko AG filed Critical Benecke Kaliko AG
Publication of EP2457411A1 publication Critical patent/EP2457411A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2457411B1 publication Critical patent/EP2457411B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/007—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/029—Heaters specially adapted for seat warmers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/036—Heaters specially adapted for garment heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heatable, flexible sheet material as an interior trim part for a vehicle, which is a flexible, planar resistance heating element of electrically conductive material and at least two connected to the resistance heating element, spaced apart, possibly also flat electrodes for feeding electrical current in having the resistance heating element.
  • Sheet-like structures with electrically conductive planar elements are known and, provided that they are connected to electrodes and can be supplied with current, are essentially used as heating elements.
  • conductive elements for other functions are known in neighboring fields, such as electromagnetic shielding or as a flat conductor tracks for signal elements in films, but presents itself in flat heaters due to the currents required there a particular challenge in terms on the connection of the lead electrodes with the resistance heating element.
  • the DE 10 2007 042 644 A1 discloses contacting banded electrodes to an electrically conductive flexible sheet, wherein the fixing of the electrodes on the conductive sheet carrier is accomplished by means of seams intended to press the electrode against an electrically conductive coating of the substrate.
  • This type of contacting has the disadvantage that the intimacy of the contact determines the contact resistance. If the suturing is not carried out firmly enough or if the sutures loosen as a result of damage or thread fatigue, sufficient conductivity is no longer present in the contact area and the heating effect of the fabric is weakened or lost.
  • Sewing also has the disadvantage that locally under the seam, i. a high pressure with a low contact resistance is produced under the respective contacting wire (dot support), whereas between the seams there is a lower pressure with a significantly higher contact resistance, since the electrode is pressed less strongly against the conductive coating. This results in an unevenness of the electrical contact resistance along the electrode, so that this also has an effect on the homogeneity of the heating power of the textile fabric.
  • the US 2 961 522 A discloses a flexible heating element formed as a flexible film with a thin metal overlay and usable inter alia as an interior trim element for vehicles, wherein the contacting of the heating element with metal strips, which are pressed with clamps and a metal paste.
  • the contacting shown here is thereby relatively expensive to manufacture.
  • the object was to provide a heatable sheet with an improved contact with the electrodes, wherein the sheet can be used as a flexible and resilient surface heating, especially in vehicle interiors, the contact is safe and durable and even at high current load Prevents damage or overheating of the contact areas and reduces the contact resistance.
  • brackets or clamps are provided with oppositely acting jaws which embrace the respective electrode - and of course also parts of the resistance heating element - and press the electrode non-positively and / or positively on the resistance heating element , wherein the clip or clamp is designed as a spring clip.
  • the sheet according to the invention With the formation of the sheet according to the invention, a very simple possibility of contacting arises without costly additional operations, such as the bonding or sewing of electrodes. Likewise, there is a very flexible positioning of the electrodes, as can be easily compensated by the clamping tolerances in the production and during assembly. Also, the positioning of the electrodes can be corrected very easily.
  • the type of contacting is insensitive to dynamic and climatic loads and, of course, to aging effects due to its robust clamping compared to other types of fastening.
  • the inventive design provides a uniform contact over the entire electrode length on the contact pressure of the spring or clip.
  • the invention can be used anywhere where decorative interior materials are used (transport, shipbuilding, furniture, etc.), as well as in the fashionable technical field (shoes, bags, clothing, etc.), so in general, wherever textiles are coated.
  • the invention can be used everywhere where textile electrically conductive surface heating can be used, e.g. in living areas as wallpaper heaters.
  • the resistance heating element is connected to a flat carrier material made of non-conductive material. So that can the strength of the entire and consisting of the sheet-like resistance heating element made of electrically conductive material and a resilient sheet-like support member composite system adapted for many applications, such as in the field of stressed interior trim of vehicles, or in said underfloor heating, coverings for frost-prone roads or Bridge areas etc.
  • the resistance heating element is designed as a braid or knitted fabric of metallic wires or filaments.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that the resistance heating element is formed as a layer or foil of electrically conductive material.
  • such coatings are useful in conductive materials such as are known in the art, such as slurried metal powders applied in a plastic matrix or as particulate powders Core-shell morphology, where the shell is conductive.
  • resistance heating element is formed as a layer of a conductive polymer, namely a polymer in which conductive particles are introduced in sufficient quantity.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that the resistance heating element is formed lattice-shaped, for example, as a lattice-shaped coating of conductive polymer, as a result, the flexibility of the conductive coating is increased, the amount of conductive material is reduced and the resistance line by the geometric design of the Grid bars can be set exactly and even in different areas.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that the electrode is formed as part of at least one jaw. This simplifies the construction insofar as serve the jaws simultaneously as an electrode and no separately conductive rods, films or plates must be used as electrodes.
  • the electrode is formed as a band electrode - i. more wide than high, so it is flat - and is pressed with the jaws on the resistance heating element.
  • the conductive material of the electrode in terms of conductivity and strength are adapted to the particular application exactly.
  • a band electrode made of a thin aluminum strip is sufficient, a copper strip several centimeters wide may already be attached to a large-area textile wall heating.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that the band electrode is pressed on one side on the resistance heating element. This results in a particularly easy to produce possibility of contacting the fabric of the invention.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that the resistance heating element contacts the band electrode on several sides, i. around the tape electrode is "beaten” and thus the resistance heating element wraps around the tape electrode and is pressed on both sides of the latter. This of course increases the available contact area and significantly reduces the contact resistance, thus allowing the transmission of higher currents.
  • the electrode is located after partially folding the flexible resistance heating element - possibly a flexible resistance heating element provided with the support - between the two surfaces of the flexible resistance heating element, wherein a clamp presses both surfaces against the electrode.
  • additional layers can also be introduced on one or both sides of the electrode to form a larger distance between the two surfaces of the flexible resistance heating element, wherein at least one side of the electrode must of course be designed to be electrically conductive.
  • This design with further inserted layers or bands has the additional advantage that in the case of turning the buckling edge of the flexible resistance heating element and / or the support material can be defused, in which the thickness of the electrode is chosen so that the radius at the bending edge sufficient it is great that the conductivity of the flexible resistance heating element is not damaged by a too sharp kink.
  • the same effect can also be achieved by underfeeding or overfeeding the inserted electrode before compressing it with a conductive or nonconductive material
  • the electrode has a multilayer structure and, in addition to a layer of conductive material, has at least one carrier or additional layer.
  • an additional electrically conductive strip of metal, metal components, conductive textiles, carbon fibers, carbon fiber components, or conductive plastics, plastic preparations with conductive additives or adhesives are inserted so that this band by the pressure of the spring or clamp is pressed together with the electrode.
  • the brackets can also be designed in the manner of a wide "alligator clip", wherein the width of the brackets favorably corresponds to the desired contact length of the electrodes on the flexible conductive support.
  • the contact width of the electrodes can be determined across the width of the pressure surface of the brackets.
  • the clamps or clamps - in addition to a design with smooth pressing surfaces - provided with a specially shaped surfaces of the clamp jaws.
  • clamping jaws whose contacting clamping surfaces have clamping profiles, such as serrations, teeth, increased roughnesses or protrusions, or other serrated surfaces which additionally protect the clamp against slipping are also possible here.
  • the contacting via special brackets can of course also be carried out in addition to other contacting methods.
  • electrodes that are sewn, sewn, soldered, crimped, or glued (with a conductive adhesive) can be additionally contacted via the inventive design of the flexible resistance heating element.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that the electrodes are connected to the sheet carrier material, wherein z. B. the electrodes are already foamed in a center console of a vehicle.
  • electrodes can already be embedded in a support for the flexible electrically conductive resistance heating element, wherein during assembly specially executed clamps press the resistance heating element against these electrodes.
  • these electrodes may be present in a molded plastic carrier for a center console or door side, whereafter this carrier is then provided with the conductive resistance heating element and the contacting takes place in a later invisible area via clamps or springs.
  • thermoelectric fabric it is also possible with the heatable fabric according to the invention that more than two electrodes are connected to the conductive flexible resistance heating element.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a fabric according to the invention 100, which consists of a flexible, planar resistance heating element 1 of electrically conductive material and of an electrically non-conductive planar support 2.
  • the flexible, flat resistance heating element 1 is in this case designed as a grid-shaped coating of conductive polymer and connected to two spaced-apart electrodes 3 for supplying electrical current.
  • brackets 4 are provided with oppositely acting clamping jaws which embrace the respective electrode 3 and the fabric 100 while pressing the electrode 3 non-positively on the resistance heating element 1.
  • the electrodes 3 are designed as a flexible band of an electrically conductive material and fixed on the flat support by the brackets so that at least one surface of the band-shaped electrode is in areally in contact with the electrically conductive coating
  • Fig. 2 shows the contacting of the fabric 100 according to Fig. 1 again on average.
  • the electrode 3 is located between the conductive flexible resistance heating element 1 and the clamp 4.
  • Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the contacting of the sheet 100, in which the resistance heating element 1 and of course the non-conductive planar support 2 are "beaten" around the belt electrode and thus the belt electrode 3, the resistance heating element 1 with its top and bottom, ie contacted on several sides.
  • the resistance heating element 1 thus wraps around the band electrode 3 and is pressed by the clip 4 on both sides of the band electrode 3.
  • the bending edge resulting from the folding over can be defused by selecting the thickness of the electrode so that the radius at the bend edge is sufficiently large so that the conductivity of the flexible support is not damaged by too sharp a bend.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of the contacting of the sheet 100, in which the electrode 3 is provided on its upper side with an additional carrier or reinforcing layer 5 of non-conductive material.
  • the electrode can also be lined on both sides, so that additional layers to a higher spacing of the two surfaces of the flexible sheet 100 and the conductive flexible resistance heating element 1 are introduced, however, at least one side of the electrode 3 with electrically conductive layers must be provided.
  • Electrodes 3 and resistance heating element 1 it is also possible for layers to improve the contact between electrode 3 and resistance heating element 1 to be inserted, for example an additional electrically conductive strip of metal, with metal components, of conductive textiles, of carbon fibers, with carbon fiber constituents, or with conductive plastics, plastic preparations with conductive additives ,
  • Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of the contacting of the sheet 100, in which the brackets are integrally formed as spring clips 6 made of plastic.
  • spring clips can be very easy to produce and assemble, for example, by continuous casting or extrusion and can otherwise consist of any materials, including copper or aluminum.
  • Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the contacting of the sheet 100, in which the clamps 4 are formed so that their clamping surfaces of the jaws have protruding teeth 7 and thus are designed in the manner of a wide crocodile clip.
  • the width of the brackets corresponds to the desired contact length of the electrodes on the resistance heating element.
  • the contact width of the electrodes can be determined across the width of the pressure surface of the brackets.
  • brackets as such may be implemented as an electrode so that there is a conductive contact between at least one of the pressing surfaces of the brackets and the conductive coating.
  • a separate tape electrode can even be dispensed with.
  • Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of the contacting of the sheet 100, in which the brackets 4 are formed so that their clamping surfaces are pressed by an additional locking clip 8.
  • the additional closure clip 8 is provided with a clip mechanism, ie with a latching closure in the manner of a suspenders bracket.
  • Fig. 8 shows a further embodiment of the contacting of the sheet 100, in which the brackets 4 are formed so that their clamping surfaces are pressed by an additional closure bracket or ring 9, which is pushed onto the brackets.
  • the additional locking ring 9 is fixed by a toothing or locking means and secured against slipping.

Claims (14)

  1. Produit plat flexible (100) tel qu'une partie de revêtement intérieur destinée à un véhicule, comportant les éléments constitutifs suivants :
    - un élément chauffant résistif plat flexible (1) constitué d'un matériau électriquement conducteur,
    - au moins deux électrodes (3) mutuellement espacées et connectées à l'élément chauffant résistif (1), destinées à délivrer un courant électrique à l'élément chauffant résistif (1),
    caractérisé en ce que, pour connecter les électrodes (3) à l'élément chauffant résistif (1), il est prévu des pinces ou des bornes (4) ayant des mâchoires de pinces agissant l'une contre l'autre, qui entourent l'électrode respective (3) et exercent une pression par complémentarité de force et/ou de forme sur l'élément chauffant résistif (1), dans lequel la pince ou la borne est réalisée sous la forme d'une pince à ressort (6).
  2. Produit plat selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'élément chauffant résistif (1) est connecté à un matériau de support plat (2) constitué d'un matériau non conducteur.
  3. Produit plat selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'élément chauffant résistif (1) est réalisé sous la forme d'un treillis ou d'un tissu constitué de fils ou de filaments métalliques.
  4. Produit plat selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'élément chauffant résistif (1) est réalisé sous la forme d'une couche ou d'une feuille constituée d'un matériau électriquement conducteur.
  5. Produit plat selon la revendication 4, dans lequel l'élément chauffant résistif est réalisé sous la forme d'une couche constituée d'un polymère conducteur.
  6. Produit plat selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel l'élément chauffant résistif (1) est réalisé sous la forme d'une grille.
  7. Produit plat selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel l'électrode est réalisée en tant que partie d'au moins une mâchoire de pince.
  8. Produit plat selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel l'électrode est réalisée sous la forme d'une électrode en bande (3) et est comprimée au moyen des mâchoires de pinces (4) sur l'élément chauffant résistif (1).
  9. Produit plat selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'électrode en bande (3) est comprimée d'un côté sur l'élément chauffant résistif (1).
  10. Produit plat selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'élément chauffant résistif (1) est en contact de plusieurs côtés avec l'élément en bande (3) et est comprimé contre cette dernière.
  11. Produit plat selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, dans lequel l'électrode (3) est constituée de plusieurs couches et présente au moins une couche de support ou auxiliaire (5) en plus d'une couche constituée de matériau conducteur.
  12. Produit plat selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel les surfaces de pinces en contact des mâchoires de pinces présentent des profils de pincement tels que des crans, des dents, des rugosités surélevées ou des protubérances (7).
  13. Produit plat selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 12, dans lequel les électrodes sont connectées à un support supplémentaire ou au matériau de support plat (2).
  14. Siège d'automobile muni d'un produit plat selon les revendications 1 à 13.
EP10726053.1A 2009-07-21 2010-06-11 Element chauffant flexible Active EP2457411B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009026216A DE102009026216A1 (de) 2009-07-21 2009-07-21 Flexibles Flächengebilde
PCT/EP2010/058213 WO2011009678A1 (fr) 2009-07-21 2010-06-11 Élément chauffant étendu et flexible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2457411A1 EP2457411A1 (fr) 2012-05-30
EP2457411B1 true EP2457411B1 (fr) 2017-03-01

Family

ID=42668006

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10726053.1A Active EP2457411B1 (fr) 2009-07-21 2010-06-11 Element chauffant flexible

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8641139B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2457411B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009026216A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011009678A1 (fr)

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DE102021210806A1 (de) 2021-09-28 2023-03-30 Benecke-Kaliko Aktiengesellschaft Formteil

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WO2013038499A1 (fr) * 2011-09-13 2013-03-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Dispositif de chauffage électrique
CN103832302B (zh) * 2012-11-22 2016-06-08 清华大学 汽车座椅
JP6149257B2 (ja) * 2012-12-11 2017-06-21 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 シートヒータおよびそれを備えるシートカバー
DE102013105334A1 (de) 2013-05-24 2014-11-27 Benecke-Kaliko Aktiengesellschaft Elektrisch leitfähige Verbindung
MX2016010326A (es) 2014-02-10 2016-10-28 Philip Morris Products Sa Unidad de calentamiento permeable al fluido para un sistema generador de aerosol y metodo para ensamblar un calentador permeable al fluido para un sistema generador de aerosol.
CA2973700C (fr) 2015-01-13 2019-07-30 De Luca Oven Technologies, Llc Systeme de transfert d'energie electrique pour dispositif de chauffage a treillis metallique
JP6188852B1 (ja) * 2016-03-07 2017-08-30 昭和電線ケーブルシステム株式会社 ハンドル用ヒーター
US20170347401A1 (en) * 2016-05-31 2017-11-30 Oleg Mironov Fluid permeable heater assembly for aerosol-generating systems
US10252753B2 (en) * 2016-07-08 2019-04-09 Husky Liners, Inc. Mud guard
US10485267B2 (en) * 2016-07-25 2019-11-26 Altria Client Services Llc Fluid permeable heater assembly with cap
DE102018120473B4 (de) * 2018-08-22 2020-06-18 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Gewebekontakteinrichtung, System, insbesondere Heizsystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug, und Verfahren zur Herstellung solch eines Systems
DE102018217586A1 (de) * 2018-10-15 2020-04-16 Airbus Operations Gmbh Verfahren und Einleger zum Verschweißen thermoplastischer Bauteile
JP2021163723A (ja) * 2020-04-03 2021-10-11 リンテック株式会社 配線シート
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DE102007042644A1 (de) 2007-09-07 2009-03-12 Benecke-Kaliko Ag Elektrisch leitfähiges, flexibles Flächengebilde
JP5233575B2 (ja) * 2008-10-16 2013-07-10 トヨタ紡織株式会社 ファブリックのカバーリング構造

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021210806A1 (de) 2021-09-28 2023-03-30 Benecke-Kaliko Aktiengesellschaft Formteil
EP4159536A1 (fr) 2021-09-28 2023-04-05 Benecke-Kaliko AG Pièce moulée

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120153688A1 (en) 2012-06-21
DE102009026216A1 (de) 2011-01-27
US8641139B2 (en) 2014-02-04
EP2457411A1 (fr) 2012-05-30
WO2011009678A1 (fr) 2011-01-27

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