EP2456723A1

EP2456723A1 - Wastewater treatment plant and method for treating wastewater, and wastewater treatment system

Info

Publication number: EP2456723A1
Application number: EP10754437A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Tariq Kaddoura; Gert Köhler
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-07-23
Filing date: 2010-07-23
Publication date: 2012-05-30
Also published as: US20120267325A1; AU2010274924A1; WO2011009954A1; DE102009027980A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a wastewater treatment plant and method for treating wastewater, and to a wastewater treatment system having a plurality of filter layers disposed one under the other for purifying the wastewater, wherein at least one feeding device (200) for feeding wastewater to the filter layer (110) and at least one discharge device (300) for discharging the purified wastewater from the filter layer (110) is associated with each filter layer (110). The feeding device (200) for at least two of the filter layers (110) is directly fluidically connected to a wastewater feeding line (400) and the discharge device (300) is directly fluidically connected to an intermediate store (600), such that the unfiltered quantity of wastewater fed to each filter layer (110) can be filtered by said filter layer (110).

Description

Abwasserbehandluπgsanlage and methods for the treatment of wastewater

and a wastewater treatment system

The present invention relates to a sewage treatment plant, in particular to a plant for purifying wastewater, to a process for treating the wastewater and to a wastewater treatment system comprising several wastewater treatment plants according to the invention.

To relieve the environment, to protect the groundwater and intended reuse of wastewater as well as for reasons of cost savings, it is necessary to clean contaminated water. Such cleaning can be achieved by means of mechanical and biological treatment of the wastewater. For this purpose, sewage treatment plants are known, which make the cleaning of waste water of a variety of households or consumers in a central arrangement. In addition, decentralized systems are known, the one

Wastewater treatment plant for single or multiple households. Their smaller size allows only a smaller throughput volume of wastewater per unit time, however, they can be offered inexpensively and set up due to their size and their relatively uncomplicated structure. The present invention particularly relates to such decentralized wastewater treatment plants. Such wastewater treatment plants can be designed as so-called unvegetated or overgrown soil filters, which use layers of sand, gravel or a mixture thereof for biological purification and optionally have plant growth.

The area of overgrown and uncovered filters through which the wastewater must penetrate for the purpose of cleaning depends on the desired volume of waste to be cleaned per unit of time. Compared with so-called technical systems (eg

SBR process, fixed bed plants, Membrananlageπ) have overgrown and uncultivated soil filtration systems on a relatively large area requirement. To solve this problem, underground, essentially shaft-shaped wastewater treatment plants are known in which wastewater treatment is carried out with increased equipment expense.

Concrete approaches for the realization of decentralized wastewater treatment plants are z. B. from DD 300 015 A7, in which a plant seeding plant is proposed, the one improved ventilation achieved by different filter layers. The wastewater to be cleaned flows through these filter layers in succession.

Likewise, from EP 0 738 687 A1 a sewage treatment plant is known, which has individual filter elements, which are flowed through by the water to be cleaned successively Vertikalai.

A similar system is taught by DE 100 10 109 A1, which discloses modular filter systems, wherein the individual Filtermσduie can be flowed through by the wastewater for the purpose of cleaning.

The problem with these wastewater treatment plants, however, is that to purify a certain amount of wastewater, it first has to pass through several filter beds before it can be made available again. This requires a relatively long treatment time per amount of water. Accordingly large, the entire wastewater treatment plant to dimension, if an increased need for cleaning is required. The larger dimensions of a wastewater treatment plant in turn causes a larger available to be steeped surface or volume and higher production costs.

The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a waste water treatment plant and a method for the treatment of wastewater and a wastewater treatment system by means of which in a simple and cost-effective manner with a structurally simple and flexible structure, a wastewater treatment, purification by exploitation and / or biological and / or biochemical processes can be realized quickly and reliably.

This object is achieved by the mentioned in claim 1 wastewater treatment plant according to the invention. In addition, the object is achieved by the method mentioned in claim 12 for the treatment of water and by the wastewater treatment system mentioned in claim 15 according to the invention. Advantageous embodiments of the waste water treatment plant are in the subclaims 2 to 11 and advantageous embodiments of the method for the treatment of wastewater are given in the subclaims 13 and 14. An advantageous embodiment of the wastewater treatment system is specified in claim 16. In addition, the invention additionally relates to a process according to the invention for the treatment of wastewater, in particular for the purification of wastewater and using the According to claim 17 provided according to the invention wastewater treatment system.

According to the invention, the object is provided by a wastewater treatment plant with a plurality of filter layers arranged one below the other for purifying the waste water, wherein each filter layer is assigned at least one charging device for feeding the filter layer with waste water and at least one discharge device for discharging the water purified by the respective filter layer is. In at least two of the filter layers, the charging device is connected directly to a wastewater supply line and the discharge direction is directly connected to a buffer so that the unfiltered water supplied to the respective filter layer is exclusively purified from this filter layer, the waste water treatment plant having a central shaft for discharging the cleaned one Wastewater into a buffer using gravity.

This means that the waste water supplied to a respective feed device comes directly from a wastewater litter or a wastewater reservoir and not from a previous, higher-level filter layer. In the same way, the filtered water in this filter layer is not supplied to another, underneath filter layer, but fed directly to a buffer, the buffer may be a catch basin in which the filtered wastewater is collected and then discharged or removed. The direct connection of the charging device to the waste water supply line and the discharge device to the intermediate storage means that without the interposition of a further filter layer, these components or units are connected to one another by fluid technology. However, the interposition of conventional hydraulic units, such. As valves or pumps, not excluded. An essential feature of the invention is therefore that the feed of the respective filter layer and the cleaning and discharge from the filter layer is realized in a buffer without the interposition of another filter shaft. According to the invention, at least two of the filter layers and vortei! legally more than two of the filter layers each configured with the direct connections to the wastewater supply and the buffer, which can not be ruled out that further, arranged in the wastewater treatment plant, filter layers are fluidly interconnected such that the already filtered by a filter layer of water thereafter another , Underlying filter layer is supplied. This means that optionally there is the possibility of charging in every second level or filter layer. In this - A -

Embodiment, the filter layer on a perforated Bodenpiatte, through which a dripping of the already filtered by the overlying filter layer water on the underlying filter layer is made possible. Alternatively, the arrangement of a separate feed module is possible.

However, it is preferable to provide a feed at each level of the system. Accordingly, bottom plates on which the respective filter layer or the filter substrate is applied, according to the invention basically impermeable, so that no filtered from the respective filter layer water can pass through the bottom plate on the underlying filter layer. The filter layer should consist of a suitable substrate, such as. As sand, gravel or a mixture thereof may be formed.

The wastewater treatment plant has a central shaft, which can also be referred to as a center column, for discharging the wastewater purified in a respective filter layer into a buffer store using gravity. This center filter can also serve to accommodate a riser, by means of which the filtered wastewater can be discharged from the Abwasserbehandlungsaπlage. Connected to the riser is then a pump, which is either located in the catch basin at the lower end of the center column or the central shaft or is outside of the waste water treatment plant with this in fluidic contact. Alternatively, the water diverted through the center column could be drained in the presence of gravity gradient. The center column can be made of a pipe or a modular design of the system also from individual pieces of pipe, which are connected during assembly of the modules to form a total shaft. The central shaft is located substantially in the middle of each filter layer or module so that filtered water can flow radially from all sides into the shaft and thus into the buffer. It is an eccentric arrangement of Mitteisäuie or the central shaft is not excluded.

The advantage of the wastewater treatment plant according to the invention is, in particular, that it can be arranged in a space-saving manner, since all filter layers are arranged above or below one another and thus the wastewater treatment plant can sink into the ground and occupy no volume above the surface of the earth. Alternatively, the wastewater treatment plant can also be set up in the form of a tower with a small footprint. The installation effort to build the wastewater treatment plant is relatively low. The advantage over plants in which the wastewater passes through a plurality of superimposed filter layers in succession, especially in the larger throughput of wastewater per unit time, as in several filter layers parallel wastewater is filtered and the filtered wastewater can be made available immediately after cleaning.

Advantageously, forms a filter layer together with its associated charging and discharging the essential components of a Fiitermoduls, wherein the charging device is disposed above the filter layer and this in turn on the discharge device. In the wastewater treatment plant, a plurality of these modules are arranged one below the other. Due to the arrangement of the modules, the sewage passes through gravity or through a pump from the respective one

Charging device in a filter layer and from this in turn into the discharge device. This process essentially takes place in each module at the same time. The cleaning of a wastewater which has already been purified in a filter module in a further, underlying filter module is thereby excluded according to the invention in at least two of the filter modules. Thanks to the modular design, the wastewater treatment plant can be easily and inexpensively manufactured and installed, and can be adapted without great effort to the respective wastewater treatment requirement. The charging device need not be provided as an extra component, but can be factory-connected to the filter module, optimally even in a cast component. Advantageously, the Ableiteinrächtung uses only the gravity of the water for removal to the buffer, z. B. over oblique drains that end above the cache in the center column or in the cache. In the wastewater treatment plant according to the invention thus various functions such. As the feed, discharge and ventilation, in an easily manageable component, namely the Fϊitermodul integrated.

In a particular embodiment, plants can be arranged in the uppermost layer of the wastewater treatment plant. This top layer thus forms part of a Pfianzenkiäranlage or plant filter plant. All filter layers or modules arranged underneath are purely floor filters, since the sunlight irradiation necessary for plant growth is not guaranteed on these filter layers.

With regard to the constructive structure of the wastewater treatment plant is advantageously formed when the filter module has an outer and an inner wall, wherein the Inπeπwandung serves at least for receiving the filter layer and the outer wall serves at least for receiving the inner wall and for sealing against the outer environment. The outer and the inner wall are connected by Verbiπdungselementen which serve to maintain a desired distance between the outer wall and the inner wall and thus for the realization of one or more vertical ventilation channels. With the outer walls, a seal is realized in particular with respect to the soil when the wastewater treatment plant is embedded in the ground. This waterproof executable seal is also provided at transition areas between the outer walls of the respective modules. The plant according to the invention is thus sealed and self-supporting and can be installed both in the ground and above ground or in indoor areas such. As garages or basements, are placed.

The structural design requires that the wastewater treatment plant has a substantially vertical air flow vents ventilation system, wherein the vertical air flows are generated at the outer edge of the filter layers. This means that the length of the connecting elements, the distance between the inner and the outer wall can be adjusted so that this results in one or more ventilation ducts, which run vertically in the wastewater treatment plant and thus for a the individual filter layers or the intervening Gas layers connecting ventilation provide. The advantage of this embodiment is the better filter effect due to the ventilation. Alternatively, the ventilation could also be realized by means of one or more loading and / or venting tubes, which run vertically inside or outside of the inner walls over the entire height of the system. In addition, it is possible that the waste water treatment plant will be equipped with extra forced and / or vented air which will be connected to the vertical space between the inner and outer walls.

In addition, it can be provided that the system has a ventilation system that realizes substantially horizontal air flows, wherein the horizontal air flows can be generated on the upper surfaces of the filter layers. Due to the air flow between the inner and outer walls and due to the injection principle, air is sucked in and discharged between the filter layers or between the modules, as a result of which fresh air flows into the intermediate spaces at openings to the surroundings, so that horizontal air flows are realized over the filter layers. Advantageously, the charging device comprises a plurality of openings directed downwards in the direction of the filter layer arranged underneath, for substantially planar application of the wastewater to this filter layer. In this regard, the charging device is similar to a sprinkler system, which is arranged above the respective filter slide to be supplied with wastewater.

The invention is advantageously formed when the charging device is connected to a feed line extending in the central shaft.

In other words, in order to facilitate improved ease of maintenance without dismantling the individual filter modules, in a preferred embodiment of the wastewater treatment plant, the feed can take place via the central column or the central shaft. For this purpose, the feed line is to be laid within the central shaft. For this purpose, the central shaft is to be provided with openings at the level of the horizontal air spaces of the individual feeder planes, by means of which the water to be purified can be distributed to the substrate surfaces of the individual filter modules by means of suitable distribution devices. As distribution facilities come z. As sprinklers or spray nozzles in question, make the feed from the center column out through the openings. Depending on the exit angle of the distribution devices, a plurality of distribution devices can also branch off on one level from the supply line, with a corresponding opening being provided in the center column for each distribution compartment.

In a further advantageous embodiment of this embodiment it is provided that the feed line forms a compact unit together with a riser and a pump connected to the riser.

This compact unit may also have electrical connections for the pump, which serves to convey the treated waste water from the treatment plant. The compact structural unit may further comprise a carrier system or linkage with which all elements to be introduced into the central shaft (eg as part of the maintenance) can be pulled out of the central shaft as a whole and transferred over to the central shaft a suitable guidance system automatically reach the correct position. This automatic precise positioning is particularly important for the function of the Schachtm central shaft feeders, since the wastewater exact application must be made through the openings in the central shaft or in the center column.

For optimum ventilation, it is provided in this embodiment that the waste water treatment plant comprises a ventilation line system for introducing air into each filter level. For this purpose, one or more ventilation ducts, which are arranged alone or in addition to the vertical ventilation device, are provided. The lines designed as ventilation pipes advantageously run within the substrate or along the wall of the filter module and have openings for the air outlet into the horizontal air space in all planes, in each case above the substrate surfaces. In order to prevent an exchange of air between the central shaft and the horizontal air space, connection openings on the central shaft, through which the water is discharged by means of the distributing devices, are to be designed in such a way that an airtight connection results when the distribution devices are positioned, or the openings through the distribution devices be sealed.

During or immediately after the charging process, a negative pressure on the substrate surface is created by the wastewater flowing down the substrate. As a result, air from the ventilation ducts is first drawn into the horizontal air space and then into the substrate. At the same time, the waste water flowing down the substrate moves "spent" (ie, low-oxygen) air through the downcomers into the central shaft, from where it is finally discharged from the system a better oxygen supply of the microorganisms settling in the substrate is achieved.

In a particular embodiment, it may be provided that the Abwasserbehandiungsaniage has at least one additional ventilation and backwashing device. With this device air or clear water can be introduced into the filter layer as needed to optimize the biological processes (oxygen input) or to flush the substrate. By such backwashing Kolmationsprσzesseπ is counteracted and extends the life of the system.

According to the invention, a process is also provided for treating wastewater, in particular for the purification of wastewater, using the wastewater treatment plant according to the invention, wherein wastewater is fed to a plurality of filter layers via their respective feed devices, is filtered by means of the respective filter layer, and the filtered wastewater is discharged by means of a discharge device associated with the filter layer in a central shaft for discharging the purified waste water into a buffer by utilizing gravity and is provided for the purpose of recirculation further purification, reuse or disposal. According to the invention, at least some subsets of the wastewater are filtered in only one filter layer each, the filter layers filtering the different subsets each having a different geodetic height. The different subsets do not refer to different volumes but to different batches or units of the wastewater. Advantageously, the filter layers are arranged one below the other according to the Abwasserbehaπdlungsaπlage invention. The discharge device preferably conveys the filtered wastewater into a buffer from where it can be pumped away or reused.

The method is supplemented by the aspect that the wastewater filtered in the wastewater treatment plant is either disposed of or reused or fed to a further purification by refeeding into the wastewater treatment plant. Such a refeeding thus causes a recirculation of the waste water in the wastewater treatment plant.

It is preferably provided that the sewage subsets are filtered at least partially timely. This means that the cleaning is carried out in several filter layers at the same time, so that a higher wastewater throughput per unit time can be realized. It may be that the cleaning of individual subsets of the wastewater is started at a staggered time, but purifications in different filter layers include equal periods of time. It is also contemplated that the wastewater is applied discontinuously by the feeders to the respective filter layers.

The present invention also relates to the aspect of a wastewater treatment system comprising at least one wastewater treatment plant according to the invention and at least one wastewater reservoir fluidically connected to the wastewater treatment plant for receiving the untreated wastewater. Advantageously, several wastewater treatment plants are combined with one or more reservoirs in a system, one of which Reservoir the unfiltered wastewater is fed by means of the charging device of the respective filter layer. Of course, such Abwasserbehandluπgssysteme also include lines, valves and pumps. The wastewater reservoir can be the same component, which also acts as an outer container of the wastewater treatment plant (prefabricated shaft or in ring construction). A possible arrangement of the wastewater treatment plant could be located within the wastewater reservoir itself, if this is dimensioned sufficiently large.

In a particularly constructive embodiment, the wastewater treatment system can be designed such that when parallel connection of several Abwasserbehandlungsaniagen the latches are fluidly interconnected and thus provide a total cache available. It can thus minimize the cost and the volume of construction for the corresponding cache.

The invention is supplemented by a method for the treatment of wastewater, in particular for the purification of wastewater and using the wastewater treatment system according to the invention, wherein two pumps are arranged for recirculation and for the discharge of the purified water, and depending on the cleaning target, the pumps are operated alternately, so that in the total buffer accumulated water once passes through the recirculation and is derived anschiießend. Recirculation is via the normal

Feed line, which is shut off in the direction of primary clarification by a check valve.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a wastewater treatment plant;

2 shows an inner and outer wall of a filter module in top view,

FIG. 3 shows a feeder module in a sectional view from the side,

FIG. 4 shows a filter module in top view,

FIG. 5 shows a wastewater treatment system with two pumps, and

FIG. 6 shows a wastewater treatment system with a pump. The wastewater treatment plant according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 1, is constructed essentially from individual filter modules 100, a buffer store 600 arranged therebelow, charging devices 201 to 204 and discharge devices 300. The resulting, substantially cylindrical wastewater treatment plant can be arranged in the ground, so that it is located below the surface of the earth 700. All feeders 201 to 204 are connected to a waste water feed line 400. At the bottom of the buffer 600, an underwater submersible pump 520 is arranged, which transports the filtered water from the wastewater treatment plant via a riser 510.

Each of the respective filter modules 100 includes an outer wall 160 and an inner wall 140 disposed therein. As shown in FIG. 1, the respective feeders 201 through 204 and the diverters 300 are integral components of FIG

Feeder modules 100, wherein the invention is not limited to the integration of the feeders and discharge devices in the Fiitermodulen 100, but may also be configured such that the feeders and discharge devices extra

Units outside the filter modules 100 are having connections to the filter modules.

The respective outer wall 160 gives the feeder module the mechanical strength against external influences, for example, pressure exerted by the soil. It also serves to seal the system against the ground. If the outer container is manufactured in ring construction, the connecting areas between the rings are also connected to each other, so that the penetration of impurities is prevented.

The inner walls 140 are provided with suitable substrate layers, such. As sand, gravel, artificial substrates or mixtures thereof, at least partially filled. In such a substrate layer, mechanical, chemical and biological processes for the purification or purification of the waste water take place. In the uppermost filter module, a filter substrate may be arranged which is suitable for receiving plants 130. This means that the uppermost filter module can be designed as a wetland plant, as an alternative to a denitrification without plant growth.

A component of a respective inner wall 140 is a bottom plate 141, which is firmly connected to the substantially hohizylinderförmigen inner wall. The bottom plate 141 and the Innenwanduπg 140 thus steeply together an inner tub available. The bottom plate 141 realizes the discharge of the purified waste water. For this purpose, the bottom plate 141 preferably has a slight gradient directed toward a central opening provided in the center of the respective inner wall 140. The base plate 141 configured in this way thus simultaneously represents the respective discharge device 300.

The Innenwaπdung 140 is preferably connected to the outer wall 160 via connecting elements 170, which ensure a constant distance between the inner wall 140 and the Außenwanduπg 160.

In a particular embodiment, for the purpose of cleaning and facilitating the replacement of the filter substrate, it is provided that the inner wall 140 and the outer wall 160 are produced as separate components. The outer walls 160 are thus in a ring shape, so that when stacking a plurality of these rings, a shaft is formed, which makes the seal against the soil. Instead of producing individual rings, a finished shaft or container for receiving the inner walls can also be used. Also in this embodiment 160 connecting elements 170 may be disposed between the inner walls 140 and the outer walls. To facilitate the insertion or removal of the inner walls 140 of the outer walls 160, the inner wall may optionally have a suitable guide, the z. B. can be realized by slides, rollers or grooves. With integrated line arrangement for charging or for wastewater discharge in the filter modules can be realized by connecting these pipe sections during the stacking of the tubs simultaneously the line system for the feed and for wastewater discharge.

In a preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the wastewater draining from a respective bottom plate 141 of a filter module 100 preferably enters the intermediate storage 600 via the central column 500 arranged centrally in the filter module. The central section 500 is considered to be a component of a respective filter module 100 formed. In essence, it has the shape of a tube and is fixedly connected to the respective bottom plate 141. In an alternative embodiment, the center column could also be supplied as a separate piece of pipe with gasket and connected to the respective bottom plate 141 during installation. Alternatively, the inner walls can be used in a finished (possibly already existing) container or shaft. The outer walls are replaced in this embodiment by an outer container. The fasteners have in this case no static function, but act only as a guide or alignment. In above-ground structure of the system can be completely dispensed with the outer container, since there is no earth pressure and ventilation is given anyway.

When stacking several feeder modules 100, the individual pipe sections are connected to form a continuous center column 500. The center column 500 serves primarily to receive and drain the drainage water from the filter modules 100 in the buffer 600. To ensure the discharge of the purified wastewater from the filter modules 100 openings are arranged at the center column 500 and their segments, through which in the respective Filter module 100 filtered wastewater in the center column 500 and thus can reach the buffer 600. The center column 500 also serves as a pump shaft for the submersible 600 disposed at the lowest point submersible pump 520. By means of this submerged submersible pump 520, the recorded in the buffer 600 filtered wastewater 810 is pumped out via the riser 510 from the wastewater treatment plant and reuse or infiltration in the In addition, the center pillar 500 has an important static function, and can also receive electrical leads for powering the submersible submersible pump 520.

In an alternative embodiment, a pump can be placed dry above the center column 500 and a Saugieitung be sunk from this pump to the bottom of the buffer 600.

The present wastewater treatment plant has the advantage of the vertical ventilation of the filter layers, due to the vertical gap between the outer wall 160 and the inner wall 140, which produces one or more vertical ventilation channels 180. In these vertical ventilation channels 180, the aforementioned connecting elements 170 are arranged. Through the vertical ventilation channels 180, an air or gas flow along the outer edges of the filter layers 1 10 can be realized.

The inner walls 140 are provided above the filter substrates 120 with Belüftuπgsiöchern 142, can penetrate through the air into the respective horizontal gap 150 between the filter modules 100. This horizontal air flow 151 has a significant significance for supplying the substrate space with atmospheric oxygen, since air is taken up from the space during the charging and sucked in through the filter substrate 120 as the wastewater seeps through. To further enhance the ventilation between the filter modules, the vertical vent channel 180 may be arranged with an existing additional forced ventilation system.

An essential feature! The present invention is the integration of a charging device 200 in a respective filter module 100, as is apparent in particular from Figures 2 to 4. The integrated charging device 200 can have a charging plate 210, in whose upper side a hollow system 212 is integrated. The feed plate 210 has on its underside openings 211, can be passed through the waste water to a filter layer 110 disposed therebelow. The openings 211 are preferably distributed over the feed plate 210, so that the wastewater can be applied substantially in terms of area to the filter substrate 120 located underneath. In this case, the present invention is not limited to the integrated feed plate 210, but it may also be provided that is located above a filter module 100, an extra loading device that is not connected to the bottom plate of the module 100 located above and also an areal feed of the substrate 120 of the underlying module can make. In a preferred embodiment, however, as shown in Figure 3, the charging device 200 is an integral part of the filter module 100th

The charging device 200 comprises the hollow system 212, which is preferably designed in the form of a coiled line, as shown in FIG. When stacking a plurality of filter modules 100, the respective lines, for example by means of crimping or plug-in connections, are connected to the charging device 200. For this purpose, the vertical lines can be made either as integral pipe pieces connected to the inner wall or only pipe sockets are provided, in which then suitable pieces of pipe can be used. The joints are within the inner wall 140, which is excluded even with incomplete tightness of the compound exfiltration. Advantageously, the charging device 200 is already connected in the production process with the respective filter modules or produced directly from a cast with these. Alternatively, however, the charging device 200 may each be produced in a further production step and only during installation of the system via suitable

Manufacturing process with the respective filter module 100 are connected. The connection between the feed device 200 and feed plate 210 is preferably via a T-piece 213, which is connected to the Hohisystem 212. Through the T-piece, the pressurization of the hollow system 212 is carried out simultaneously in two directions. As a result, a better pressure distribution is achieved and also prevents suspended solids at a closed end of the hollow system.

It is not essential, as shown in FIG. 3, to provide exclusively that the charging device 210 is connected to the charging plate 210 within the inner wall 140, but that the charging device 200 can also be connected to the outside from the outside

Feeding plate 210 can be connected. For this purpose, in the outer wall 160 of the filter module 100 is a sealed passage opening (not shown) to provide z. B. when assembling two filter modules 100 is formed. Notwithstanding the embodiment of the wastewater treatment plant shown in FIG. 1 and the embodiment of a filter module 100 shown in FIG. 3, charging devices 200 between two or more feeder modules can be omitted in the wastewater treatment plant. The purification of the waste water then takes place such that the bottom plate 141 of a filter module would have openings {not shown) through which the wastewater filtered by an upper filter layer 110 would pass directly into the underlying filter module and its filter substrate 120. This can be z. B. be useful in heavily polluted industrial or commercial wastewater, so that this passes through several filter layers 110. However, the wastewater treatment plant according to the invention is designed such that at least two of the filter modules 100 arranged in the wastewater treatment plant or their filter layers 110 are equipped with an extra feed device 200, so that the wastewater supplied to these filter layers 110 is filtered exclusively by these filter layers and not by one another, underlying filter layer.

In order to prevent colmation phenomena within the substrate and to improve the conditions for the biological processes, water or air can be introduced into the respective substrate layers 120 under high pressure from below, preferably by the respective feed devices 200. This can also be in addition to the

Feeding devices 200 additionally arranged flushing systems (not shown) can be used. The bottom plate 141 of a respective filter module 100 may for this purpose be provided with bores which extend into the charging device 200 mounted below, through which rinsing water or compressed air can pass into the filter substrate 120 arranged above it. The fourth, lowest loading device 204 does not necessarily have to be with the

Be loaded loading plate 210 and the openings 211, since there is no more filter layer underneath. However, in order to ensure a simple, modular structure, it may still be economically feasible to design the fourth charging device 204 as well as the other charging devices 201 to 203 in order to avoid logistical and production-related additional expenditure.

Thus, the wastewater treatment plant according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 can be produced in which a plurality of filter modules 100 are stacked on top of one another. The microorganisms in the filter substrates 120 are supplied with atmospheric oxygen via the spaces between the outer and inner walls 160 and 140 in the vertical air flow 181 and via the horizontal gaps 150 between the feeders 201 to 204 and the substrate surfaces. When stacking a plurality of filter modules, continuous vertical supply ducts 180 are formed. The number of filter modules used depends on the amount of dirty water that is to be treated by the wastewater treatment plant per unit time.

If several wastewater treatment plants according to the invention are arranged in parallel, several intermediate buffers 600 can be connected to one another. For this purpose, in the bottoms of the temporary storage BOO SolSbruchstellen are to be arranged, which can be opened if necessary and can be connected to pipelines, so as to collect the collectively collected water through only one pump.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, wastewater treatment systems are shown which essentially comprise the wastewater treatment plant according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 1, and in each case at least one wastewater reservoir 800, which is connected to the wastewater treatment plant by means of lines. The wastewater to be purified is brought from the wastewater reservoir 800 via the lines in the wastewater treatment plant or on its filter substrate 120, which is then flowed through by the wastewater. The sinking waste water generates a negative pressure on the surface of the filter substrate 120, whereby air is sucked into the filter layer 110. The microorganisms in the filter layer 110 are thus supplied with atmospheric oxygen. In the manner described, the filtered wastewater is directed to the buffer 600 from where it is disposed of, reused or further purified (e.g., in the form of recirculation, denitrification, dephosphatation or Hygienization) can be supplied. In the case of denitrification, the filtered wastewater is reintroduced into the filter modules. For denitrification, the filtered wastewater or unfiltered wastewater can be supplied via the denitrification line 1010 to the denitrification stage 1000 of the wastewater treatment plant, from which it is fed to the buffer 600 along the flow direction 900. The denitrification stage, dephosphatization stage or sanitation stage are designed as additional modules which are either formed within the modular system of the waste water treatment plant or can be arranged outside the plant. The sanitation can z. B. by UV irradiation, membrane technology, ozonation or sand or quartz filters can be realized. In particular, a UV irradiation could already take place in the buffer.

The operation of the wastewater treatment system can be realized with two pumps (as shown in FIG. 5), as well as with only one pump (as shown in FIG. 6).

Reference will initially be made to the embodiment according to FIG. 5.

A nitrification or filling of the intermediate storage takes place in this case in that a first pump P1 conveys the wastewater into the charging device 201, 202 and 204 in a time-controlled or quantity-controlled manner through the lines L1, L3, L4 and through the valves V1, V2, V3. Advantageously, the first pump P1 has a dry running protection LS1 ±. The biological purification of the waste water takes place in such a way that when the pumps P1 and P2 waste water are switched off, the filter layers flow through and are subsequently collected in the buffer 600. The emptying of the buffer 600 is carried out by the operation of the pump P2, the time or quantity controlled by the lines L2, L3 and L7 and the valves V1 and V2 promotes the filtered wastewater for disposal or reuse out. As an alternative to emptying, the recirculation takes place in that the pump P2 conveys the wastewater into the feed devices 201, 202, 203 and 204 in a time- or quantity-controlled manner through the lines L2, L3, L4 and through the valves V1, V2, V3. Thereafter, the biological purification can be carried out as described above.

The denitrification is carried out in such a way that the first pump P1 conveys a small amount of waste water from the waste water reservoir, controlled by the lines L1, L2, L4 as well as by the valves V1, V2 and V3. Subsequently, the second pump P2 conveys water from the intermediate store into the denitrification stage 1000 in time or in a manner controlled by the lines L2, L3, L4 and by the valves V1, V2, V3. If appropriate, the line L3 and to purify the valve V1, before wastewater is led from the line L2 via the valve V1 and V2 in the line L7, a flushing operation can be carried out in that the second pump P2 via the lines L2, L3, L4 and via the valves V1, V2 and V3 pump a small amount of purified wastewater from the buffer 600 into the denitrification stage 1000. Thus, in the line L3 and in the valve V1 pending wastewater is passed into the denitrification 1000.

The operation of the wastewater treatment system according to the invention with only one pump P1 is explained in accordance with FIG. A nitrification or filling of the buffer 600 is realized in that the first pump P1 time-controlled or quantity-controlled by the line L1 and the valve V1 sucks sewage and via the valve V2 and the line L2 in the

Feeding devices 201, 202, 203 and 204 promotes. The biological purification is carried out such that the first pump P1 is turned off and wastewater flows through the filter layers and is subsequently collected in the buffer 600. The emptying of the buffer 600 erfoigt such that the pump P1 time or quantity controlled by the line L3 and the valve V1 draws wastewater and via the valve V2, the wastewater for disposal or reuse abfördert.

The recirculation takes place alternatively for emptying in that the pump P1 draws time or quantity controlled wastewater through the line L3 and the valve V1 and conveys via the valve V2 and the line L2 in the feeders 201, 202, 203 and 204, wherein the biological purification, as already described, followed.

The denitrification takes place in that the pump P1 sucks wastewater through the line L1 and the valve V1 time-controlled or volume-controlled and sucks in a small amount of waste water from the primary treatment or the wastewater reservoir via the valve V2 and the line L4. Subsequently, the pump P1 sucks wastewater time- or quantity-controlled by the line L3 and the valve V1 and conveys it via the valve V2 and the line L4 in the denitrification 1000th

In order to effect a cleaning of the pump P1 and the valve V2 in this embodiment, before water is passed from the line L3 via the valve V1, the pump P1 and the valve V2, a scavenging operation can be carried out beforehand by the pump P1 via the Lines L3 and L4 and via the valves V1 and V2 and the pump P1 promotes a small amount of purified water from the buffer 600 in the Denitrifikationsstufe 1000. Thus, in the pump P1 and / or in Ventii V2 pending wastewater in the denitrification 1000 passed.

In the denitrification stage 1000, conditions are established by oxygen termination and the use of a suitable substrate to realize anaerobic bacterial conversion of the nitrate-bonded nitrogen to molecular nitrogen.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100 fiiter module

110 filter layer

120 filter substrate

130 plant

140 inner wall

141 base plate

142 ventilation hole

150 horizontal space

151 horizontal airflow

160 outer wall

170 connection element

180 vertical ventilation duct

181 vertical air flow

190 Transition area between the outer walls

191 sealing

200 feed device

201 first charging device

202 second charging device

203 third Beschickungseiπrichtung

204 fourth feeder

210 feed plate

21 1 opening

212 hollow system

213 tee

300 discharge device

400 wastewater supply line

500 center column, central shaft

510 riser

520 submersible submersible pump

600 buffers 700 earth surface

800 wastewater reservoir

810 filtered wastewater

900 flow direction

1000 denitrification stage

1010 denitrification line

P1 first pump

P2 second pump

L1 first line

L2 second line

L3 third line

L4 fourth line

L7 seventh lead

V1 first valve

V2 second valve

V3 third valve

RV1 first check valve

RV2 second check valve

Claims

claims

1. Wastewater treatment plant having a plurality of mutually arranged filter layers for cleaning the waste water, wherein each filter layer is assigned at least one charging device for feeding the filter layer with waste water and at least one discharge device for discharging the purified of the respective filter layer wastewater

characterized in that

in at least two of the filter layers (110) the feed device (200) is directly connected to a waste water supply (400) and the discharge device (300) is directly connected to a buffer (600) such that the unfiltered one supplied to the respective filter layer (110) Wastewater is purified exclusively from this filter layer (110), wherein the wastewater treatment plant has a central shaft for discharging the purified waste water into a buffer (600) by utilizing gravity.

2. Wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1,

characterized in that

a filter layer (110) together with its associated feeder (200) and Abieiteinrichtung (300) the essential components of a filter module (100) is formed, wherein the loading device (200) above the filter layer (110) and this arranged above the Abieiteinrichtung (300) is, and wherein the wastewater treatment plant comprises a plurality of these modules arranged one below the other.

3. Abwasserbehandungsananiage according to claim 1,

characterized in that

in the uppermost filter layer (110) plants (130) are arranged.

4. Wastewater treatment plant according to at least one of claims 2 or 3,

characterized in that

the filter module (100) has an outer and an Inπenwaπdung (160, 140), wherein the inner wall (140) at least for receiving the filter layer (110) and the outer wall (160) at least for receiving the inner wall (140) and for sealing serves against the external environment.

5. Wastewater treatment plant according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

it has a substantially vertical air flows realizing ventilation system, wherein the vertical air flows (181) on the outer edge of the filter layers (1 10) can be generated.

6. Wastewater treatment plant according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

it has a substantially horizontal air flows (151) realizing ventilation system, wherein the horizontal air flows (151) on the upper surfaces of the filter layers (110) can be generated.

7. Wastewater treatment plant according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the charging device (200) has a plurality of openings (211) directed downwards in the direction of the filter layer (110) for substantially planar application of the waste water to the respective filter layer.

8. Wastewater treatment plant according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the charging device (200) is connected to a feed line running in the central shaft.

9. Wastewater treatment plant according to claim 8,

characterized in that

the feed line together with a riser and connected to the riser pump forms a compact unit.

10. Wastewater treatment plant according to one of claims 8 or 9,

characterized in that

the wastewater treatment plant comprises a ventilation duct system for introducing air into each filter level.

11. Wastewater treatment plant according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the waste water treatment plant has at least one ventilation and / or backwashing device for the ventilation and / or flushing of Filterschichteπ (1 10) by means of compressed air and / or water.

12. A method for treating wastewater, in particular for the purification of wastewater and using the wastewater treatment plant according to at least one of claims 1 to 11,

wherein wastewater is fed to a plurality of filter layers via their respective Beschickuπgseinrichtung, is filtered by the respective filter layer and the filtered wastewater is derived by means of a filter layer associated discharge device in a central shaft for discharging the purified waste water into a buffer by utilizing gravity and is made available .

characterized in that

at least some subsets of the wastewater are filtered in each case only one filter layer (110), wherein the filter layers (110) filtering the different subsets each have a different geodetic height.

13. A method for treating wastewater according to claim 12,

characterized in that

wastewater filtered in the wastewater treatment plant either disposed of or

is reused or further purification by refeeding is fed into the wastewater treatment plant.

14. A process for the treatment of wastewater according to at least one of claims 12 or 13,

characterized in that

the sewage subsets are at least partially filtered at the same time.

15. Wastewater treatment system comprising at least one wastewater treatment plant according to at least one of claims 1 to 1 1 and also at least one fluidly connected to the wastewater treatment plant wastewater reservoir (800) for receiving the unpurified wastewater.

16. Abwasserbehaπdiungssystem according to claim 15,

characterized in that

when a plurality of wastewater treatment plants are connected in parallel, their buffer memories (600) are connected to one another in terms of fluid technology and thus provide a total buffer memory.

17. A process for the treatment of wastewater, in particular for the purification of wastewater and using the wastewater treatment system according to claim 16,

characterized in that

for the recirculation and for the discharge of the purified water, two pumps (P1, P2) are arranged, and depending on the cleaning target, the pumps (P1, P2) are operated alternately, so that in the total buffer (600) collected water once passes through the recirculation and then is derived.