EP2453450A1 - Hybridkern für einen Leistungsinduktor - Google Patents

Hybridkern für einen Leistungsinduktor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2453450A1
EP2453450A1 EP10014552A EP10014552A EP2453450A1 EP 2453450 A1 EP2453450 A1 EP 2453450A1 EP 10014552 A EP10014552 A EP 10014552A EP 10014552 A EP10014552 A EP 10014552A EP 2453450 A1 EP2453450 A1 EP 2453450A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inductor
core
phase
legs
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10014552A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Javier Duràn
Mauricio Esguerra
Umberto Gibellini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Falco Electronics Ltd
Original Assignee
Falco Electronics Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Falco Electronics Ltd filed Critical Falco Electronics Ltd
Priority to EP10014552A priority Critical patent/EP2453450A1/de
Publication of EP2453450A1 publication Critical patent/EP2453450A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/33—Arrangements for noise damping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F37/00—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F2003/106—Magnetic circuits using combinations of different magnetic materials

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of power magnetics, more specifically to the inductors used as part of the circuit of a power device used to convert voltage and current.
  • Power inductors must satisfy two main conditions: they must provide enough inductance at high DC or low frequency AC bias currents and have the lowest possible losses in order to allow high power conversion efficiencies.
  • Power inductors are used in applications such as inverters for uninterrupted power supplies (UPS) and photovoltaics (PV) for rated powers between 2 to 2000 kW for one or three phases.
  • the nominal voltage of said applications ranges from 100 to 480 V resulting in very large currents up to 4 kA.
  • DC to DC converter stages with voltages as low as 12 V are often found in these applications as well, where the inductor filters a higher switching frequency while passing an often larger DC current component.
  • the switching frequency of said devices spans from 1 to 100 kHz and is mainly chosen so as to minimize the power losses from both power semiconductors such as diodes and IGBTs as well as inductors.
  • the required inductance values lie usually in the range 100 ⁇ H to 10 mH.
  • Inductors are designed using a plurality of soft magnetic materials with either high permeability such as steel, amorphous alloys, nanocrystalline alloys and ferrites or low permeability such as iron powder or iron alloy powder. These materials cover in more or less degree a wide range of magnetic properties relevant for the application such as saturation, power losses and magnetrostriction; last property is responsible for the audible noise at switching frequencies below approximately 20 kHz.
  • the material choice is made based on considerations of space availability, performance and cost.
  • the adaption to the specific requirements is done by selecting suitable core geometry with air gap(s) if a high permeable material is used. Since the fringing flux at the air gap can cause substantial additional winding losses, one way to mitigate this effect is to use low permeable spacers instead.
  • One disadvantage of this technique is that the physical size of a low-permeability spacer is given by the air gap size times its permeability causing a considerable size increase of the component.
  • the present invention relates to power inductors designed with a combination of soft magnetic materials with different properties in a serial magnetic circuit building up a hybrid core.
  • the materials must significantly differ in at least two magnetic parameters such as permeability, saturation, power losses or magnetostriction at the intended operating temperature and frequency. Due to the high DC bias current requirements, usually one of the materials will have a low permeability. Unlike the above mentioned magnetic spacer solution its use is not only related to help minimize the fringing flux close to the windings but is an integral part of the magnetic circuit.
  • the main feature of a hybrid magnetic circuit is to obtain additional degrees of freedom so as to optimize the inductor with respect to its functional parameters under constraints such as space, losses, temperature, weight and cost. This can be achieved in one of the following ways:
  • the objective of the design is to maximize the overall performance the properties of the winding such as its material, winding window and electrical properties are also affected by the choice of magnetic materials and geometrical shapes of the sections of the magnetic circuit.
  • the output inductor is used in a low-pass filter to allow the fundamental waveform (typically sinusoidal at 50 or 60 Hz) to pass while blocking the ripple current at the switching frequency (typically in the kHz range).
  • the inductor needs to have a high enough inductance up to the peak current of the fundamental waveform so as to achieve a low total harmonic distortion (THD) of the signal.
  • TDD total harmonic distortion
  • the inductance versus DC current characteristic shows the current up to which the expected function is fulfilled.
  • Figure 1 depicts an example of a single-phase inductor 10 made with an U-core consisting of two different magnetic materials for the vertical legs 11 (material MA) and for the horizontal legs 12 (material MB).
  • the materials differ from each other in the following two parameters:
  • Both horizontal legs are wound with a round wire and connected in series to form the coil (alternatively foil or rectangular or litz wire could be used and coils could be connected in parallel if advantageous for higher current levels).
  • the cross sectional area of the wound horizontal legs is chosen to be smaller than the vertical legs in material 11 in proportion to the saturation flux densities; this is achieved as shown in figure 2 by choosing the width of the vertical leg broader than the horizontal leg (or alternately, the thickness greater than the horizontal leg). Hence, the mean turn path of the winding is shorter than if it would be wound around the vertical legs of material 11 and so the DC electrical resistance of the coil and the associated losses are lower.
  • Figure 3 depicts one way of making a three-phase inductor 30 with a common, three-leg core made of two different magnetic materials.
  • Material MC is used for the legs of the outer frame 31 (vertical) and material MD for the wound legs (horizontal) 32 and 33 with three coils 35.
  • Figure 4 shows another way to make a three-phase inductor 40 with a common, five-leg core.
  • the arrangement is similar to DE3305708 , which however uses the same material for all legs with multiple non-magnetic gaps in the wound legs.
  • Material MC is used for the legs of the outer frame 41 (vertical) and 44 (horizontal), while material MD is used for the wound legs (horizontal) 42 and 43 with three coils 45.
  • the materials for this example differ from each other in the following two parameters:
  • Figure 5 shows curves of the inductance over the DC bias current 52 for one of the coils 45 of the five-leg three-phase inductor from Fig. 4 and 51 for the one phase inductor from Fig. 1 .
  • One advantage using a three-phase inductor is to minimize the magnetic volume as compared to three separate one-phase inductors.
  • the main advantage for applications such as inverters is the fact that the excitation of the magnetic circuit under symmetrical 120° phase shifted currents allows to minimizing the low frequency or DC flux and its effect on the inductance drop of each coil as current level increases. Since the ripple current amplitude is inversely proportional to the inductance this yields lower core and high frequency winding losses at higher current levels. Considering the above mentioned lower magnetic volume, the overall losses are lower as compared to three individual single-phase inductors.
  • Figures 6a depicts one power inductor 60 made of two U core halves consisting of two different magnetic materials for the left core half 62 (material ME) and for the right core half 61 (material MF).
  • both materials have positive magnetostriction and both core halves expand when a magnetic field is applied yielding a flux density B >0.
  • the two core halves collide with each other. If the field is varied periodically at frequencies in the audible range, this will result in disturbing acoustic noise, which is a well known effect in conventional inductor design.
  • core half 62 expands upon application of a magnetic field yielding a flux density B >0, while core half 61 contracts thus avoiding the collision described above. This prevents the generation of acoustic noise if the magnetic field varies periodically at frequencies in the audible range.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
EP10014552A 2010-11-12 2010-11-12 Hybridkern für einen Leistungsinduktor Withdrawn EP2453450A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10014552A EP2453450A1 (de) 2010-11-12 2010-11-12 Hybridkern für einen Leistungsinduktor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10014552A EP2453450A1 (de) 2010-11-12 2010-11-12 Hybridkern für einen Leistungsinduktor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2453450A1 true EP2453450A1 (de) 2012-05-16

Family

ID=43806731

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10014552A Withdrawn EP2453450A1 (de) 2010-11-12 2010-11-12 Hybridkern für einen Leistungsinduktor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2453450A1 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8723633B2 (en) 2011-10-18 2014-05-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Magnetic core and induction device
DE102014218043A1 (de) * 2014-09-10 2016-03-10 Würth Elektronik eiSos Gmbh & Co. KG Magnetkern, induktives Bauteil und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Magnetkerns
EP2998971A1 (de) * 2014-09-22 2016-03-23 SMA Solar Technology AG Drossel, Filter und entsprechender Leistungswandler
US9318253B2 (en) * 2014-05-02 2016-04-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Hybrid planar common-mode choke
EP3113196A1 (de) * 2015-07-01 2017-01-04 ABB Technology AG Gleichtaktmodus und differenzmodusfilter für einen wechselrichter und wechselrichter mit solch einem filter
JP2018041773A (ja) * 2016-09-05 2018-03-15 公立大学法人首都大学東京 三相インダクタ及びその製造方法
CN107993787A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2018-05-04 厦门科华恒盛股份有限公司 一种复合磁芯装置
WO2019007738A1 (de) * 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Tdk Electronics Ag Speicherdrossel
CN115583832A (zh) * 2022-09-09 2023-01-10 华为数字能源技术有限公司 磁芯及其制备方法、共模电感、电子装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4100521A (en) * 1975-04-15 1978-07-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Iron core for induction apparatuses
DE3305708A1 (de) 1983-02-18 1984-08-23 Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Drehstromdrosselspule mit fuenfschenkelkern
US6980077B1 (en) * 2004-08-19 2005-12-27 Coldwatt, Inc. Composite magnetic core for switch-mode power converters
EP1806759A2 (de) * 2006-01-06 2007-07-11 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Magnetkern, und Induktivität und Transformator mit einem solchen Kern

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4100521A (en) * 1975-04-15 1978-07-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Iron core for induction apparatuses
DE3305708A1 (de) 1983-02-18 1984-08-23 Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Drehstromdrosselspule mit fuenfschenkelkern
US6980077B1 (en) * 2004-08-19 2005-12-27 Coldwatt, Inc. Composite magnetic core for switch-mode power converters
EP1806759A2 (de) * 2006-01-06 2007-07-11 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Magnetkern, und Induktivität und Transformator mit einem solchen Kern

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8723633B2 (en) 2011-10-18 2014-05-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Magnetic core and induction device
US9318253B2 (en) * 2014-05-02 2016-04-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Hybrid planar common-mode choke
DE102014218043A1 (de) * 2014-09-10 2016-03-10 Würth Elektronik eiSos Gmbh & Co. KG Magnetkern, induktives Bauteil und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Magnetkerns
EP2998971A1 (de) * 2014-09-22 2016-03-23 SMA Solar Technology AG Drossel, Filter und entsprechender Leistungswandler
EP3113196A1 (de) * 2015-07-01 2017-01-04 ABB Technology AG Gleichtaktmodus und differenzmodusfilter für einen wechselrichter und wechselrichter mit solch einem filter
US20170005566A1 (en) * 2015-07-01 2017-01-05 Abb Schweiz Ag Common mode and differential mode filter for an inverter and inverter comprising such filter
US10381916B2 (en) * 2015-07-01 2019-08-13 Abb Schweiz Ag Common mode and differential mode filter for an inverter and inverter comprising such filter
JP2018041773A (ja) * 2016-09-05 2018-03-15 公立大学法人首都大学東京 三相インダクタ及びその製造方法
WO2019007738A1 (de) * 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Tdk Electronics Ag Speicherdrossel
CN110832607A (zh) * 2017-07-04 2020-02-21 Tdk电子股份有限公司 存储器扼流圈
JP2020523775A (ja) * 2017-07-04 2020-08-06 ティーディーケイ・エレクトロニクス・アクチェンゲゼルシャフトＴｄｋ Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ Ａｇ ストレージチョーク（Ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ Ｃｈｏｋｅ）
CN110832607B (zh) * 2017-07-04 2021-08-17 Tdk电子股份有限公司 存储器扼流圈
US11244780B2 (en) 2017-07-04 2022-02-08 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Storage choke
CN107993787A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2018-05-04 厦门科华恒盛股份有限公司 一种复合磁芯装置
CN115583832A (zh) * 2022-09-09 2023-01-10 华为数字能源技术有限公司 磁芯及其制备方法、共模电感、电子装置
CN115583832B (zh) * 2022-09-09 2023-09-29 华为数字能源技术有限公司 磁芯及其制备方法、共模电感、电子装置

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2453450A1 (de) Hybridkern für einen Leistungsinduktor
JP4800451B1 (ja) 高周波トランス
US7280026B2 (en) Extended E matrix integrated magnetics (MIM) core
US7471181B1 (en) Methods and apparatus for electromagnetic components
US9281117B2 (en) Magnetic core structure and electric reactor
US7593244B2 (en) Limit for the harmonics of a current
US8692644B2 (en) Harmonic mitigation devices and applications thereof
JP2008210998A (ja) エアギャップ付きリアクトル素子
CN103890874A (zh) 电抗器、变压器及使用该电抗器、变压器的电力转换器
Gohil et al. Integrated inductor for interleaved operation of two parallel three-phase voltage source converters
EP2439756A2 (de) Mehrphasentransformator
Dzhankhotov et al. A new passive hybrid air-core foil filter for modern power drives
Mu et al. Analysis and design of coupled inductor for interleaved multiphase three-level DC-DC converters
US20230335333A1 (en) Coil and a Transformer That Have Improved Electromagnetic Shielding
JP2012055083A (ja) 電力変換装置
CN114424304A (zh) 作为用于中频变压器的集成结构的部分的绕组配置
Trintis et al. Line reactor for parallel-interleaved high power inverters
US20140085757A1 (en) Surge blocking inductor
Wang et al. Comparison of litz wire and PCB inductor designs for bidirectional transformerless EV charger with high efficiency
US20220108823A1 (en) Inductor
WO2020115360A1 (en) Inverter design comprising a nonlinear inductor
Kurita et al. Eddy-Current Reduction Structure of Copper Foil Winding for Medium-Frequency Transformer in DC-Grid Applications
Dira et al. A Review of High-Frequency Transformers for Bidirectional Isolated DC-DC Converters
JP6706729B2 (ja) 三相インダクタ及びその製造方法
Gohil et al. An integrated inductor for parallel interleaved VSCs connected in a whiffletree configuration

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20121117