EP2450112B1 - Method and apparatus for loading packages into a transport container - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for loading packages into a transport container Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2450112B1 EP2450112B1 EP20110187543 EP11187543A EP2450112B1 EP 2450112 B1 EP2450112 B1 EP 2450112B1 EP 20110187543 EP20110187543 EP 20110187543 EP 11187543 A EP11187543 A EP 11187543A EP 2450112 B1 EP2450112 B1 EP 2450112B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- loading
- transporting box
- transport box
- articles
- box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 179
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B5/00—Packaging individual articles in containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars
- B65B5/10—Filling containers or receptacles progressively or in stages by introducing successive articles, or layers of articles
- B65B5/108—Article support means temporarily arranged in the container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
- B65B35/10—Feeding, e.g. conveying, single articles
- B65B35/24—Feeding, e.g. conveying, single articles by endless belts or chains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
- B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
- B65B43/54—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
- B65B43/60—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation rotatable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
- B65B25/02—Packaging agricultural or horticultural products
- B65B25/04—Packaging fruit or vegetables
- B65B25/046—Packaging fruit or vegetables in crates or boxes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for loading piece goods, in particular postal packages, as well as an invitation arrangement, with the aid of which piece goods can be loaded quickly and safely in a transport box.
- a disadvantage of such a method is that when a return movement of the conveyor belt under the ceiling stacked mail bags can fall down. As a result, this method is not suitable for fragile general cargo, in particular postal parcels, since these parcels are exposed to a very high risk of damage. Furthermore, it is necessary to stop the conveyor belt in a retraction of the conveyor belt, so that the invitees Objects can be unloaded controlled within the transport space. This leads to downtime during loading, resulting in a high loading time.
- a transport box In the method according to the invention for loading piece goods, in particular postal parcels, into a transport box, provision is made of a transport box, the transport box having an unloading opening for loading the piece goods.
- a conveyor in particular conveyor belt, is arranged relative to the loading opening of the transport box. With the help of the conveyor carried a piece goods in the transport box into it, the piece goods fall down within the transport box over a drop height of the conveyor. There is a tilting of the transport box for gravity-driven moving away at least a portion of the dropped piece goods.
- the transport box has a partition wall for forming a receiving pocket for a segmented closing device, in particular a roller shutter, wherein the segmented closing device while conveying the piece goods in the transport box spaced apart from the invited cargo in whole or in part in the receiving pocket is arranged.
- a segmented closing device in particular a roller shutter
- the receiving pocket can be separated from the transport volume provided for the piece goods.
- the receiving pocket can be formed between the dividing wall and a ceiling of the transport box on the side of the ceiling facing the interior of the transport box.
- the individual segments of the segmented closing device can be positioned at a distance from the piece goods during loading, so that the individual segments do not come into contact with the piece goods. This avoids that the piece goods get into the spaces between the individual segments and block further movement of the segments, for example, to close the loading opening.
- the closing device for opening and / or closing the loading opening can be designed, for example, as a roller shutter, roller blind, folding door, blind or the like, without the functionality of the locking device can be affected by the invited cargo.
- the cargo is not sorted or sorted in the transport box are inserted but unregulated dropped into the transport box, form a cone.
- the piece goods may in particular change their position and / or position until the respective piece goods have come to a standstill.
- the promotion of piece goods in the transport box into it need not be interrupted, so that the loading of the cargo into the transport box can be done quickly accordingly.
- the transport conveyor belt does not end in front of the transport box but protrudes into the transport volume of the transport box limited by the walls of the transport box. This makes it possible by tipping the transport box over almost the entire transport volume to create an invitation situation that corresponds to a pouring from above, although the drop height for the cargo can be kept low over the entire Ein sectionvorgang.
- the transport speed of the conveyor can be selected for this purpose so that upright transported by the conveyor piece goods, especially postal packages, can fall over on a flat side, so that the cargo can be stored flat with a very low Hurlliere in the transport box.
- the transport volume of the transport box can be used to a large extent, in particular almost completely, for the transport of the piece goods.
- the conveying device can be designed such that the end facing the transport box can be moved relative to the loading opening.
- the conveyor as an angle conveyor belt with two hinged together designed connected conveyor belts, so that by varying the angular position of the conveyor belts, the position of the transport box facing the end of the conveyor can be changed at least in the conveying direction.
- the transport of the cargo does not need to be interrupted.
- the transport box is gradually tilted about at least one tilting axis, wherein a tilting speed is selected for distributing a forming bulk cone.
- a tilting speed is selected for distributing a forming bulk cone.
- An angular velocity about the respective tilting axis (“tilting speed”) may be selected to be so small that acceleration forces tangentially to the tilting axis are substantially avoided.
- tilting speed angular velocity about the respective tilting axis
- tilting speed may be selected to be so small that acceleration forces tangentially to the tilting axis are substantially avoided.
- a movement of piece goods that has already come to a standstill takes place essentially purely by gravity due to the orientation to the direction of the force of gravity being changed by the tilting.
- a otherwise forming Schüttkegel can be distributed thereby, without the cargo can strike at an unnecessarily high speed on the side walls of the Transportboy.
- the conveyor as close as possible to a ground, for example, a bottom of the transport box or an already loaded layer of piece goods, end, so that results in a particularly low drop height of the cargo when dropped from the conveyor.
- the conveying device preferably has a thickness d between an upper side for depositing the piece goods and an underside pointing away from the upper side, wherein h max 1.0 ⁇ a max / d ⁇ 5.0, in particular for the ratio of the maximum height of fall set for the piece goods 1.1 ⁇ a max / d ⁇ 4.0, preferably 1.2 ⁇ a max / d ⁇ 3.0, more preferably 1.3 ⁇ a max / d ⁇ 2.0, and more preferably 1.4 ⁇ a max / d ⁇ 1.7.
- the drop height of the piece goods from the conveyor down the maximum height by which the cargo falls during the loading of the transport box.
- the fall heights to be overcome when slipping a piece goods over an already provided layer of piece goods is significantly lower than the drop height of the conveyor down.
- the Piece goods can be easily loaded via a laterally arranged loading opening, whereby the loading opening can gradually move upwards from the side during tilting of the transport box.
- the gravity feed at the top arranged loading opening can be easily closed without the invited cargo can press against a closing element, in particular flap or roller shutter, the loading opening.
- the transport box can be tilted back into the position provided at the beginning of the loading process without the loaded piece goods within the transport box being able to move appreciably.
- the tilting back can be done very quickly.
- the transport box can be tilted back at a speed which is selected such that the piece goods within the transport box along a gradually forming slope of a bulk cone can move along until within the transport box at least at the side facing the charging opening results in a stable bulk cone for the cargo.
- the speed of movement when tilting back is chosen such that a substantial sliding down of cargo on the slope of the bulk cone is made possible, so that falls of cargo across the entire height of the transport box is safely avoided.
- the housing of the transport box is designed in particular substantially cuboid and preferably made of metal or composite materials with a metallic surface, for example steel sheet.
- the dimensioning of the transport box is chosen in particular such that the transport box with a truck, in particular 3.5-tonner, can be connected.
- the dimensioning of the transport box can be selected such that a single larger transport box or several smaller transport boxes with a swap ("Flat") can be attached / can.
- the transport box can accommodate a payload of 1000 kg, preferably 1500 kg.
- the bottom of the transport box has in particular a dimension of about 1.8 mx 2.45 m.
- the transport box can provide a transport volume of about 9 m 3 .
- the housing of the transport box is in particular designed such that a plurality of transport boxes are stacked securely one above the other.
- the conveyor is designed in particular as a conveyor belt, preferably as an angle conveyor belt.
- the conveyor belt can in particular be connected to a logistics center, in particular a package distribution center.
- the piece goods in particular postal packages, can be collected and / or sorted, so that several batches of piece goods can be divided into different transport boxes.
- the conveyor can protrude with its free end on the loading opening in the transport box, so that the subsidized cargo can fall automatically into the interior of the transport box. Further, it is possible to change the free end of the conveyor relative to the transport box, for example, to achieve a level as possible loading level.
- the free end of the conveyor may preferably be provided with a sensor device for determining the filling level of the transport box and / or for determining the orientation and / or position of a loading level.
- the sensor device can preferably scan the interior of the transport box with non-contact sensors. For example, with the aid of an ultrasonic sensor and / or a radar sensor and / or an infrared sensor in a preferably flat area, the distance of still visible already loaded piece goods to the free end of the conveyor can be determined. From this data, the Approximate distribution of already loaded cargo within the transport box are determined and an approximate loading level can be determined.
- the loading level essentially corresponds to a plane within the transport box, which is defined by the visible to the loading opening facing surfaces of the already invited cargo.
- the transport box preferably has a partition wall for forming a receiving pocket for a segmented closing device, in particular a roller shutter, wherein the segmented closing device is arranged wholly or partially in the receiving pocket while the piece goods are being conveyed into the transport box spaced apart from the loaded piece goods. Due to the partition, the receiving pocket can be separated from the transport volume provided for the piece goods. In particular, the receiving pocket can be formed between the dividing wall and a ceiling of the transport box on the side of the ceiling facing the interior of the transport box. As a result, the individual segments of the segmented closing device can be positioned at a distance from the piece goods during loading, so that the individual segments do not come into contact with the piece goods.
- the closing device for opening and / or closing the loading opening can be designed, for example, as a roller shutter, roller blind, folding door, blind or the like, without the functionality of the locking device can be affected by the invited cargo.
- a surface normal of the loading opening at the beginning of the invitation is predominantly substantially horizontal and predominantly vertically aligned at the end of the invitation.
- the transport box can thus be loaded substantially laterally at the beginning of the invitation, wherein the transport box is loaded by the tilting of the transport box during the invitation to the end of the invitation substantially from above.
- the transport box For this purpose, it can preferably be continuously, for example, tilted by substantially 90 ° during the loading, in particular without stopping the conveyor.
- the surface normal at the beginning of the invitation has a proportion of horizontal direction larger than the proportion in the vertical direction. Accordingly, it is preferred if the surface normal to the end of the invitation has a vertical portion which is greater than a horizontal portion.
- the transport box is tilted at the beginning of the invitation already by a predefined angle, so that in a further tilting of the transport box a static friction between an invited cargo and a bottom of the transport box is overcome.
- the transport box can be tilted at the beginning of the invitation so that the bottom of the transport box at the beginning of the invitation process, in particular by an angle of 10 ° - 30 ° is inclined relative to the horizontal.
- the loading opening of the transport box is preferably provided laterally.
- an opening which would point in a transport of the transport box, for example by means of a truck or railway wagon against the direction of gravity, not required and can be avoided.
- This allows sealing measures for the loading opening, for example, to secure the loading port against the ingress of rainwater, significantly reduce and simplify.
- the loading opening can be closed by means of a guided in side guides roller door, spray water and rainwater can flow to the roller shutter in the direction of gravity without getting into the transport volume.
- the guided in the lateral guides roller door can form insofar a labyrinth seal in which optionally a sealing lip may be provided, the sealing lip in particular needs to wear only a small contact force wear on the roller door.
- the transport box is tilted about a main tilting axis extending substantially perpendicular to an invitation direction of the conveying device.
- This makes it possible to let the conveyor, if at all, protrude only to a minor extent in the transport box and to allow the invited cargo to slip away a maximum distance away from the conveyor in the tilted state of the transport box.
- the piece goods can be moved quickly and easily away from the loading opening and slide within the transport box in places that are as far away from the conveyor as possible.
- This makes it possible to use the transport volume of the transport box as completely as possible for the transport of piece goods, in particular postal packages.
- the transport box is tilted about a secondary tilting axis running essentially parallel to the invitation direction of the conveying device, the transporting box being tilted back and forth in particular about the secondary tilting axis.
- tilting about the Maukippachse can be achieved that the invited cargo can be distributed across the invitation direction of the conveyor within the transport box.
- a bulk cone by by the conveyor slip-away cargo can be avoided or at least significantly reduced.
- the tilting of the transport box about the secondary tilting axis preferably takes place at a significantly higher rotational speed. The transport box can thereby be shaken slightly to facilitate the distribution of the invited cargo within the transport box.
- the tilting of the transport box essentially takes place in such a way that, within the transport box, a loading level which is essentially horizontal takes into account the geometric configuration of the piece goods.
- a bulk cone arising within the transport box can be compensated by tilting the transport box, so that the loading can be carried out particularly easily and efficiently with the aid of the conveyor.
- the loading level is not exactly flat, but takes into account that the invited piece goods, in particular an irregular arrangement of cuboid postal packages, has a plurality of depressions and elevations.
- the loading level is thus understood as a theoretical macroscopic consideration of an average average area of the visible areas of the piece goods.
- the conveyor is moved along the invitation direction and / or transversely to the invitation direction for varying a drop position for the respective piece goods.
- This makes it possible to drop the piece goods to be loaded at positions of the conveyor, where there is still a particularly low in the direction of gravity level for the item to be picked.
- the formation of a bulk cone is thereby avoided.
- the free end of the conveyor can be moved over the loading level in a meandering loop movement.
- the conveyor it is possible to design the conveyor as an angle conveyor belt, so that the extent to which the conveyor can protrude into the transport box can be adjusted by the variation of an angle between two subsequent conveyor belts connected to one another in an articulated manner.
- the conveyor can be moved in the vertical direction.
- the free end of the conveyor relative to the transport box is substantially immobile, with only the falling direction of the piece goods changed by tilting the transport box relative to the transport box.
- the mobility of the conveyor is used in this case only to compensate for a changed position of the loading opening as a result of the tilting movement of the transport box.
- the transport box preferably has a horizontal extent L from the loading opening to a boundary wall opposite the loading opening, wherein an end of the conveying device protruding into the transport box in the direction of the invitation has a horizontal distance S from the loading opening, wherein 0.01 ⁇ for the ratio S / L S / L ⁇ 0.7, in particular 0.05 ⁇ S / L ⁇ 0.5, preferably 0.1 ⁇ S / L ⁇ 0.3, and more preferably 0.15 ⁇ S / L ⁇ 0.2.
- These conditions apply in particular at the beginning of the invitation.
- these relationships apply throughout the invitation process.
- the invention further relates to an invitation arrangement for loading piece goods, in particular postal packages, with an invitation station.
- the invitation station has a recording device for receiving a transport box.
- a receiving device in vertical at least partially superior conveyor, in particular conveyor belt, provided for the loading of cargo into the transport box inside.
- a tilting device for tilting the transport box for the gravitational moving away of at least a part of the invited cargo is connected.
- the transport box safely received by the receiving device can be tilted when loading the piece goods, so that the transport box can be loaded quickly, without the piece goods are damaged during loading.
- the invitation station can in particular be trained and further developed as described above with reference to the method for loading piece goods.
- the loading arrangement has a transport box accommodated by the loading station, the conveying device partially protruding into the transport box via an infeed opening of the transport box.
- the transport box has a dividing wall for forming a receiving pocket for a segmented closing device, in particular a roller shutter, wherein the segmented closing direction is arranged wholly or partly in the receiving pocket while the piece goods are being conveyed into the transport box spaced apart from the loaded piece goods.
- the transport box on mounting holes for inserting a retaining bolt of a truck, wherein the receiving device has corresponding retaining bolts for secure attachment of the transport box with the receiving device.
- the transport box can be safely tilted with the help of the invitation station, without the transport box can overturn uncontrollably. By tilting the transport box, the loading of the cargo, in particular postal packages, can be accelerated without the cargo can be damaged during loading.
- the conveyor has a particular firmly articulated receiving part and a hingedly connected to the receiving part discharge part, wherein the discharge part rotatably connected to a substantially horizontal pivot axis with the receiving part is.
- the conveyor is configured as an angle conveyor belt. Due to the articulated connection of the discharge part to the receiving part, a loading edge resulting from the tilting of the transport box, preferably automatically, can be overcome.
- the receiving part can be hingedly connected to a stationary base.
- the firmly hinged receiving part in the horizontal and / or vertical direction is movable to compensate for a horizontal and / or vertical offset by an angular arrangement of the discharge part to the receiving part.
- the conveyor in particular the discharge part is adjustable in length. This facilitates the automatic compensation of an offset of the conveyor relative to the tilted transport box.
- Invited arrangement 10 has a transport box 12, in which an inlet opening 14 of the transport box 12 projects as a conveyor belt designed conveyor 16.
- postal parcels 18 can be loaded into the transport box 12, wherein the parcels 18 at a free end 20 of the conveyor 16 can fall over a drop height a onto a floor 22 of the transport box 12.
- the conveyor 16 has at its projecting into the transport box 12 free end 20 a top 23 on which the postal packets 18 can be discontinued, and one of the top 23 opposite bottom 25, between which a thickness d of the conveyor 16 is formed.
- the top 23 and the bottom 25 are formed in particular by a storage surface of a circulating conveyor belt.
- a closed side wall 24 is provided.
- the transport box 12 also has attachment openings 26 with which the transport box 12 can be locked with a truck. About the mounting holes 26, the transport box with a receiving device, not shown, an invitation station 28 is firmly connected.
- the conveyor 16 is designed as an angle conveyor belt.
- the conveyor 16 has a receiving part 30 which may be fixedly connected to the one side and hingedly connected to the other side with a free end 20 forming discharge part 32.
- the conveyor 16 transports the postal parcels 18 along an invitation direction 34 into the transport box 12.
- the free end 20 in this case has a distance S to the loading opening 14.
- the bottom 22 is aligned horizontally, so that there is an extension L between the side wall 24 and the loading opening 14 for receiving the postal packets to be loaded 18 for the male postal packets 18, wherein in this position the extension L of the width of the bottom 22 corresponds.
- the transport box 12 is slightly tilted, so that a surface normal 36 of the loading opening 14 additionally has a vertical portion.
- the unregulated arrangement of the postal packets 18 forms a substantially horizontally oriented loading level 38.
- the horizontal of the extent of the loading level 38 defines an extension between the loading opening 14 and side wall 24 of L, which compared to in FIG Fig. 1 shown extension L is slightly larger.
- the transport box 12 forms a tip for the loaded postal parcels 18.
- the transport box 12 is tilted by means of a tilting device 40.
- the bottom 22 may form an invitation edge, which is compensated by the conveyor 16.
- the discharge part 32 of the conveyor 16 is pivoted relative to the receiving part 30 about an axis transverse to the direction of invitation 34.
- the surface normal 36 of the loading opening 14 has a greater vertical than horizontal portion.
- a part of the postal packages 18 also bear against a ceiling 42 of the transport box 12 or provided in front of the ceiling 42 partition 44.
- the transport box 12 can be further tilted until the side wall 24 is oriented substantially horizontally and the transport box 12 in comparison to the in Fig. 1 shown position is tilted substantially 90 °.
- the loading opening 14 can be easily closed and the substantially completely filled transport box 12 back into the in Fig. 1 shown alignment are tilted back.
- a drop height a for the postal parcels 18 to be loaded or comparable fragile general cargo remains substantially the same. Falling of the postal packages 18 over greater heights than the drop height a is avoided, so that damage to the postal packages 18 is avoided.
- transport box 12 has a partition 44 which between the partition 44 and the ceiling 42 within the transport box 12 a Receiving pocket 46 forms.
- segments 48 of a segmented locking device 50 can be retracted for opening and closing the loading opening 14.
- the slats of a roll-up door can be moved into the receiving pocket 46 to open the loading opening 14.
- the piece goods 18 can not get between the segments 48 of the locking device 50, so that the movement of the locking device 50 can not be blocked by the cargo 18.
- the segments 48 are protected by the partition wall 44 in front of the piece goods 18 and spaced.
- the charging port 14 can be easily closed by the locking device 50 again.
- transport box 12 is for in the Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 illustrated inviting arrangement 10 is used, wherein in the Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 for ease of illustration, the intermediate wall 44 and the locking device 50 are not shown.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
- Container Filling Or Packaging Operations (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Einladen von Stückgütern, insbesondere Postpaketen, sowie eine Einladeanordnung, mit deren Hilfe Stückgüter schnell und sicher in eine Transportbox eingeladen werden können.The invention relates to a method for loading piece goods, in particular postal packages, as well as an invitation arrangement, with the aid of which piece goods can be loaded quickly and safely in a transport box.
Aus
Nachteilig bei einem derartigen Verfahren ist, dass bei einer Zurückbewegung des Transportbands unter der Decke gestapelte Postsäcke herunterstürzen können. Dadurch ist dieses Verfahren für zerbrechliche Stückgüter, insbesondere Postpakete nicht geeignet, da diese Stückgüter einer sehr hohen Gefahr einer Beschädigung ausgesetzt sind. Ferner ist es erforderlich, bei einem Zurückziehen des Transportbands das Transportband anzuhalten, damit die einzuladenden Gegenstände kontrolliert innerhalb des Transportraums abgeladen werden können. Dies führt zu Stillstandzeiten bei der Beladung, wodurch sich eine hohe Beladungszeit ergibt.A disadvantage of such a method is that when a return movement of the conveyor belt under the ceiling stacked mail bags can fall down. As a result, this method is not suitable for fragile general cargo, in particular postal parcels, since these parcels are exposed to a very high risk of damage. Furthermore, it is necessary to stop the conveyor belt in a retraction of the conveyor belt, so that the invitees Objects can be unloaded controlled within the transport space. This leads to downtime during loading, resulting in a high loading time.
Aus
Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Einladen von Stückgütern sowie eine Einladeanordnung zu schaffen, mit deren Hilfe zerbrechliche Stückgüter, insbesondere Postpakete, schnell und einfach eingeladen werden können. Insbesondere soll es ermöglicht werden, das Transportvolumen einer Transportbox in einem hohen Ausmaß für den Transport der Stückgüter nutzen zu können.It is the object of the invention to provide a method for loading piece goods and a loading arrangement, with the help of fragile piece goods, in particular postal packages, can be invited quickly and easily. In particular, it should be possible to use the transport volume of a transport box to a large extent for the transport of cargo.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren zum Einladen von Stückgütern mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie durch eine Einladeanordnung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 11. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved according to the invention by a method for loading piece goods with the features of claim 1 and by an invitation arrangement with the features of claim 11. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Einladen von Stückgütern, insbesondere Postpaketen, in eine Transportbox erfolgt ein Bereitstellen einer Transportbox, wobei die Transportbox eine Einladeöffnung zum Einladen der Stückgüter aufweist. Eine Fördereinrichtung, insbesondere Transportband, wird relativ zur Einladeöffnung der Transportbox angeordnet. Mit Hilfe der Fördereinrichtung erfolgt ein Befördern von Stückgütern in die Transportbox hinein, wobei die Stückgüter innerhalb der Transportbox über eine Fallhöhe von der Fördereinrichtung herunterfallen. Es erfolgt ein Kippen der Transportbox zum schwerkraftbedienten Wegbewegen zumindest eines Teils der heruntergefallenen Stückgüter. Erfindungsgemäß weist die Transportbox eine Trennwand zur Ausbildung einer Aufnahmetasche für eine segmentierte Schließeinrichtung, insbesondere Rolltor, auf, wobei die segmentierte Schließeinrichtung während des Förderns der Stückgüter in die Transportbox beabstandet zu den eingeladenen Stückgütern ganz oder teilweise in der Aufnahmetasche angeordnet ist.In the method according to the invention for loading piece goods, in particular postal parcels, into a transport box, provision is made of a transport box, the transport box having an unloading opening for loading the piece goods. A conveyor, in particular conveyor belt, is arranged relative to the loading opening of the transport box. With the help of the conveyor carried a piece goods in the transport box into it, the piece goods fall down within the transport box over a drop height of the conveyor. There is a tilting of the transport box for gravity-driven moving away at least a portion of the dropped piece goods. According to the invention, the transport box has a partition wall for forming a receiving pocket for a segmented closing device, in particular a roller shutter, wherein the segmented closing device while conveying the piece goods in the transport box spaced apart from the invited cargo in whole or in part in the receiving pocket is arranged.
Durch die Trennwand kann die Aufnahmetasche von dem für die Stückgüter vorgesehenen Transportvolumen getrennt sein. Die Aufnahmetasche kann insbesondere zwischen der Trennwand und einer Decke der Transportbox an der zum Inneren der Transportbox weisenden Seite der Decke ausgebildet werden. Dadurch können die einzelnen Segmente der segmentierten Schließeinrichtung während des Einladens von den Stückgütern beabstandet positioniert werden, so dass die einzelnen Segmente nicht mit den Stückgütern in Kontakt gelangen. Dadurch wird vermieden, dass die Stückgüter in die Zwischenräume der einzelnen Segmente gelangen und eine weitere Bewegung der Segmente, beispielsweise zum Verschließen der Einladeöffnung, blockieren. Die Schließeinrichtung zum Öffnen und/oder Schließen der Einladeöffnung kann dadurch beispielsweise als Rolltor, Rollo, Falttor, Jalousie oder Ähnliches ausgestaltet sein, ohne dass die Funktionalität der Schließeinrichtung durch die eingeladenen Stückgüter beeinträchtigt werden kann.Due to the partition, the receiving pocket can be separated from the transport volume provided for the piece goods. In particular, the receiving pocket can be formed between the dividing wall and a ceiling of the transport box on the side of the ceiling facing the interior of the transport box. As a result, the individual segments of the segmented closing device can be positioned at a distance from the piece goods during loading, so that the individual segments do not come into contact with the piece goods. This avoids that the piece goods get into the spaces between the individual segments and block further movement of the segments, for example, to close the loading opening. The closing device for opening and / or closing the loading opening can be designed, for example, as a roller shutter, roller blind, folding door, blind or the like, without the functionality of the locking device can be affected by the invited cargo.
Im Gegensatz zu palettierter Ware und/oder plattenförmigen Waren kann sich dadurch, dass die Stückgüter nicht geordnet oder sortiert in die Transportbox eingelegt werden sondern ungeregelt in die Transportbox fallen gelassen werden, ein Schüttkegel ausbilden. Die Stückgüter können sich insbesondere in ihrer Position und/oder Lage verändern bis das jeweilige Stückgut zum Stillstand gekommen ist. Beispielsweise kann sich das einzuladende Stückgut, insbesondere Postpaket, nachdem es von der Fördereinrichtung heruntergelangt ist, mehrfach drehen und insbesondere an zuvor eingeladenen Stückgütern entlang rollen. Durch das Kippen der Transportbox kann ein sich am Ende der Fördereinrichtung aufbauender Schüttkegel von Stückgütern vermieden werden, so dass die Stückgüter über den Boden der Transportbox oder eine vorherige Lage an Stückgütern von dem Ende der Fördereinrichtung wegrutschen können. Die Förderung der Stückgüter in die Transportbox hinein braucht nicht unterbrochen zu werden, so dass das Einladen der Stückgüter in die Transportbox entsprechend schnell erfolgen kann. Gleichzeitig ist es möglich, durch das Kippen der Transportbox die Stückgüter innerhalb der Transportbox an der in Schwerkraftrichtung tiefsten Stelle zu sammeln, so dass die bereits eingeladenen Stückgüter nicht über eine zu große Fallhöhe herabstürzen können. Eine Beschädigung der Stückgüter beim Einladen wird dadurch sicher vermieden, so dass sich ein sicheres und schnelles Verfahren zum Einladen der Stückgüter ergibt. Insbesondere endet das Transportförderband nicht vor der Transportbox sondern ragt in das durch die Wände der Transportbox begrenzte Transportvolumen der Transportbox hinein. Dadurch ist es möglich durch das Kippen der Transportbox über nahezu das gesamte Transportvolumen eine Einladesituation zu schaffen, die einem Einschütten von oben entspricht, wobei allerdings über den gesamten Einschüttvorgang die Fallhöhe für die Stückgüter gering gehalten werden kann.In contrast to palletized goods and / or plate-shaped goods can be characterized in that the cargo is not sorted or sorted in the transport box are inserted but unregulated dropped into the transport box, form a cone. The piece goods may in particular change their position and / or position until the respective piece goods have come to a standstill. For example, the piece goods to be loaded, in particular postal packet, after it has come down from the conveyor, rotate several times and in particular roll along previously invited cargo. By tilting the transport box, a bulk cone of piece goods which builds up at the end of the conveyor can be avoided, so that the piece goods can slip over the bottom of the transport box or a previous layer of piece goods from the end of the conveyor. The promotion of piece goods in the transport box into it need not be interrupted, so that the loading of the cargo into the transport box can be done quickly accordingly. At the same time it is possible to collect by the tilting of the transport box, the cargo within the transport box at the lowest point in the direction of gravity, so that the already invited cargo can not fall over an excessive fall height. Damage to the piece goods during loading is thereby reliably avoided, resulting in a safe and fast method for loading the piece goods. In particular, the transport conveyor belt does not end in front of the transport box but protrudes into the transport volume of the transport box limited by the walls of the transport box. This makes it possible by tipping the transport box over almost the entire transport volume to create an invitation situation that corresponds to a pouring from above, although the drop height for the cargo can be kept low over the entire Einschüttvorgang.
Insbesondere ist es möglich die Stückgüter im Wesentlichen flach in die Transportbox abzulegen. Die Transportgeschwindigkeit der Fördereinrichtung kann hierzu derart gewählt sein, dass hochkant von der Fördereinrichtung transportierte Stückgüter, insbesondere Post-Pakete, auf eine flache Seite umfallen können, so dass die Stückgüter mit einer sehr geringen Fällhöhe in die Transportbox flach abgelegt werden können. Das Transportvolumen der Transportbox kann in einem hohen Ausmaß, insbesondere nahezu vollständig, für den Transport der Stückgüter genutzt werden. Insbesondere kann die Fördereinrichtung derart ausgestaltet sein, dass das zur Transportbox weisende Ende relativ zur Einladeöffnung bewegt werden kann. Beispielsweise ist die Fördereinrichtung als Winkelförderband mit zwei gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Transportbändern ausgestaltet, so dass durch eine Variation der Winkelstellung der Transportbänder die Position des zur Transportbox weisenden Endes der Fördereinrichtung zumindest in Förderrichtung verändert werden kann. Der Transport der Stückgüter braucht hierbei nicht unterbrochen werden.In particular, it is possible to store the piece goods essentially flat in the transport box. The transport speed of the conveyor can be selected for this purpose so that upright transported by the conveyor piece goods, especially postal packages, can fall over on a flat side, so that the cargo can be stored flat with a very low Fällhöhe in the transport box. The transport volume of the transport box can be used to a large extent, in particular almost completely, for the transport of the piece goods. In particular, the conveying device can be designed such that the end facing the transport box can be moved relative to the loading opening. For example, the conveyor as an angle conveyor belt with two hinged together designed connected conveyor belts, so that by varying the angular position of the conveyor belts, the position of the transport box facing the end of the conveyor can be changed at least in the conveying direction. The transport of the cargo does not need to be interrupted.
Vorzugsweise wird die Transportbox allmählich um mindestens eine Kippachse verkippt, wobei eine Kippgeschwindigkeit zum Verteilen eines sich ausbildenden Schüttkegels gewählt ist. Eine Winkelgeschwindigkeit um die jeweilige Kippachse ("Kippgeschwindigkeit") kann derart gering gewählt sein, dass Beschleunigungskräfte tangential zur Kippachse im Wesentlichen vermieden sind. Insbesondere erfolgt eine Bewegung bereits zum Stillstand gekommener Stückgüter im Wesentlichen rein schwerkraftbedingt aufgrund der durch das Kippen veränderten Ausrichtung zur Schwerkraftrichtung. Ein sich anderenfalls ausbildender Schüttkegel kann dadurch verteilt werden, ohne dass die Stückgüter mit einer unnötig hohen Geschwindigkeit an den Seitenwänden der Transportboy anschlagen können.Preferably, the transport box is gradually tilted about at least one tilting axis, wherein a tilting speed is selected for distributing a forming bulk cone. An angular velocity about the respective tilting axis ("tilting speed") may be selected to be so small that acceleration forces tangentially to the tilting axis are substantially avoided. In particular, a movement of piece goods that has already come to a standstill takes place essentially purely by gravity due to the orientation to the direction of the force of gravity being changed by the tilting. A otherwise forming Schüttkegel can be distributed thereby, without the cargo can strike at an unnecessarily high speed on the side walls of the Transportboy.
Insbesondere kann die Fördereinrichtung möglichst nah vor einem Untergrund, beispielsweise ein Boden der Transportbox oder eine bereits eingeladene Lage von Stückgütern, enden, so dass sich eine besonders geringe Fallhöhe von dem Stückgut beim Herunterfallen von der Fördereinrichtung ergibt. Vorzugsweise weist die Fördereinrichtung zwischen einer Oberseite zum Abstellen der Stückgüter und einer von der Oberseite wegweisenden Unterseite eine Dicke d auf, wobei für das Verhältnis der für das Stückgut eingestellten maximalen Fallhöhe hmax 1,0 ≤ amax/d ≤ 5,0, insbesondere 1,1 ≤ amax/d ≤ 4,0, vorzugsweise 1,2 ≤ amax/d ≤ 3,0, weiter bevorzugt 1,3 ≤ amax/d ≤ 2,0 und besonders bevorzugt 1,4 ≤ amax/d ≤ 1,7 gilt. Eine Beschädigung von zerbrechlichen Stückgütern, insbesondere Postpaketen, ist dadurch vermieden. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Fallhöhe des Stückguts von der Fördereinrichtung herunter die maximale Höhe, um die das Stückgut bei der Beladung der Transportbox fällt. Die zu überwindenden Fallhöhen bei einem Rutschen eines Stückguts über eine bereits vorgesehene Lage an Stückgütern ist deutlich geringer als die Fallhöhe von der Fördereinrichtung herunter. Die Stückgüter können über eine seitlich angeordnete Einladeöffnung einfach eingeladen werden, wobei die Einladeöffnung während des Kippens der Transportbox von der Seite allmählich nach oben wandern kann. Wenn die Transportbox vollständig gefüllt wird, kann zum Ende des Einladens, die in Schwerkraftrichtung oben angeordnete Einladeöffnung einfach geschlossen werden, ohne dass die eingeladenen Stückgüter gegen ein Schließelement, insbesondere Klappe oder Rolltor, der Einladeöffnung drücken können. Nach dem Schließen der Einladeöffnung kann die Transportbox in die zu Beginn des Einladens vorgesehene Position zurückgekippt werden, ohne dass die geladenen Stückgüter innerhalb der Transportbox sich nennenswert bewegen können. Das Zurückkippen kann dadurch besonders schnell erfolgen. In dem Fall, dass die Transportbox nur teilweise mit Stückgütern gefüllt ist, kann die Transportbox mit einer Geschwindigkeit zurückgekippt werden, die derart gewählt ist, dass sich die Stückgüter innerhalb der Transportbox entlang eines sich allmählich ausbildenden Hangs eines Schüttkegels entlang bewegen können, bis sich innerhalb der Transportbox zumindest an der zur Einladeöffnung weisenden Seite ein stabiler Schüttkegel für die Stückgüter ergibt. Die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit beim Zurückkippen ist derart gewählt, dass ein im Wesentlichen Heruntergleiten von Stückgütern an dem Hang des Schüttkegels ermöglicht wird, so dass ein Stürzen von Stückgütern über die gesamte Höhe der Transportbox sicher vermieden ist. Eine Beschädigung von zerbrechlichen Stückgütern ist dadurch vermieden. Insbesondere lässt sich innerhalb der zurück gekippten Transportbox für die Stückgüter ein zumindest einseitiger Schüttkegel mit einer Schüttkegelneigung von ≤60° gegenüber der Vertikalen erreichen. Dies erleichtert ein Entladen der Stückgüter durch Auskippen der Stückgüter über die Einladeöffnung.In particular, the conveyor as close as possible to a ground, for example, a bottom of the transport box or an already loaded layer of piece goods, end, so that results in a particularly low drop height of the cargo when dropped from the conveyor. The conveying device preferably has a thickness d between an upper side for depositing the piece goods and an underside pointing away from the upper side, wherein h max 1.0 ≦ a max / d ≦ 5.0, in particular for the ratio of the maximum height of fall set for the piece goods 1.1 ≦ a max / d ≦ 4.0, preferably 1.2 ≦ a max / d ≦ 3.0, more preferably 1.3 ≦ a max / d ≦ 2.0, and more preferably 1.4 ≦ a max / d ≤ 1.7. Damage to fragile piece goods, in particular postal packages, is thereby avoided. Particularly preferably, the drop height of the piece goods from the conveyor down the maximum height by which the cargo falls during the loading of the transport box. The fall heights to be overcome when slipping a piece goods over an already provided layer of piece goods is significantly lower than the drop height of the conveyor down. The Piece goods can be easily loaded via a laterally arranged loading opening, whereby the loading opening can gradually move upwards from the side during tilting of the transport box. When the transport box is completely filled, at the end of the loading, the gravity feed at the top arranged loading opening can be easily closed without the invited cargo can press against a closing element, in particular flap or roller shutter, the loading opening. After the loading opening has been closed, the transport box can be tilted back into the position provided at the beginning of the loading process without the loaded piece goods within the transport box being able to move appreciably. The tilting back can be done very quickly. In the event that the transport box is only partially filled with piece goods, the transport box can be tilted back at a speed which is selected such that the piece goods within the transport box along a gradually forming slope of a bulk cone can move along until within the transport box at least at the side facing the charging opening results in a stable bulk cone for the cargo. The speed of movement when tilting back is chosen such that a substantial sliding down of cargo on the slope of the bulk cone is made possible, so that falls of cargo across the entire height of the transport box is safely avoided. Damage to fragile piece goods is thereby avoided. In particular, within the tilted back transport box for the piece goods an at least one-sided pour cone with a heap angle of ≤60 ° with respect to the vertical can be achieved. This facilitates unloading the piece goods by dumping the cargo through the loading port.
Das Gehäuse der Transportbox ist insbesondere im Wesentlichen quaderförmig ausgestaltet und vorzugsweise aus Metall oder Verbundwerkstoffen mit metallischer Oberfläche beispielsweise Stahlblech hergestellt. Die Dimensionierung der Transportbox ist insbesondere derart gewählt, dass die Transportbox mit einem LKW, insbesondere 3,5-Tonner, verbunden werden kann. Ferner kann die Dimensionierung der Transportbox derart gewählt sein, dass eine einzelne größere Transportbox oder mehrere kleinere Transportboxen mit einer Wechselbrücke ("Flat") befestigt werden kann/können. Die Transportbox kann insbesondere eine Nutzlast von 1000 kg, vorzugsweise 1500 kg aufnehmen. Der Boden der Transportbox weist insbesondere eine Abmessung von ca. 1,8 m x 2,45 m auf. Vorzugsweise kann die Transportbox ein Transportvolumen von ca. 9 m3 bereitstellen. Das Gehäuse der Transportbox ist insbesondere derart ausgestaltet, dass mehrere Transportboxen sicher übereinander stapelbar sind.The housing of the transport box is designed in particular substantially cuboid and preferably made of metal or composite materials with a metallic surface, for example steel sheet. The dimensioning of the transport box is chosen in particular such that the transport box with a truck, in particular 3.5-tonner, can be connected. Furthermore, the dimensioning of the transport box can be selected such that a single larger transport box or several smaller transport boxes with a swap ("Flat") can be attached / can. In particular, the transport box can accommodate a payload of 1000 kg, preferably 1500 kg. The bottom of the transport box has in particular a dimension of about 1.8 mx 2.45 m. Preferably, the transport box can provide a transport volume of about 9 m 3 . The housing of the transport box is in particular designed such that a plurality of transport boxes are stacked securely one above the other.
Die Fördereinrichtung ist insbesondere als Transportband, vorzugsweise als Winkelförderband, ausgestaltet. Das Transportband kann insbesondere mit einem Logistikzentrum, insbesondere Paket-Verteilzentrum, verbunden sein. In dem Logistikzentrum können die Stückgüter, insbesondere Postpakete, gesammelt und/oder sortiert werden, so dass mehrere Chargen von Stückgütern auf verschiedene Transportboxen aufgeteilt werden können. Die Fördereinrichtung kann mit ihrem freien Ende über die Einladeöffnung in die Transportbox hineinragen, so dass die geförderten Stückgüter automatisch in das Innere der Transportbox hineinfallen können. Ferner ist es möglich, das freie Ende der Fördereinrichtung relativ zur Transportbox zu verändern, um beispielsweise ein möglichst ebenes Beladungsniveau zu erreichen.The conveyor is designed in particular as a conveyor belt, preferably as an angle conveyor belt. The conveyor belt can in particular be connected to a logistics center, in particular a package distribution center. In the logistics center, the piece goods, in particular postal packages, can be collected and / or sorted, so that several batches of piece goods can be divided into different transport boxes. The conveyor can protrude with its free end on the loading opening in the transport box, so that the subsidized cargo can fall automatically into the interior of the transport box. Further, it is possible to change the free end of the conveyor relative to the transport box, for example, to achieve a level as possible loading level.
Das freie Ende der Fördereinrichtung kann vorzugsweise mit einer Sensoreinrichtung zur Ermittlung des Füllstands der Transportbox und/oder zur Ermittlung der Ausrichtung und/oder Position eines Beladungsniveaus versehen sein. Mit Hilfe der Sensoreinrichtung kann die ungefähre Verteilung der Stückgüter innerhalb der Transportbox ermittelt werden, so dass das Kippen der Transportbox in Abhängigkeit der grundsätzlichen Anordnung der Stückgüter innerhalb der Transportbox erfolgen kann. Die Sensoreinrichtung kann vorzugsweise das Innere der Transportbox mit berührungslosen Sensoren abtasten. Beispielsweise kann mit Hilfe eines Ultraschallsensors und/oder eines Radarsensors und/oder eines Infrarotsensors in einem vorzugsweise flächigen Bereich der Abstand von noch sichtbaren bereits eingeladenen Stückgütern zum freien Ende der Fördereinrichtung bestimmt werden. Aus diesen Daten kann die ungefähre Verteilung der bereits eingeladenen Stückgüter innerhalb der Transportbox ermittelt werden und ein ungefähres Beladungsniveau bestimmt werden. Das Beladungsniveau entspricht im Wesentlichen einer Ebene innerhalb der Transportbox, die durch die sichtbaren zu der Einladeöffnung weisenden Oberflächen der bereits eingeladenen Stückgüter definiert wird.The free end of the conveyor may preferably be provided with a sensor device for determining the filling level of the transport box and / or for determining the orientation and / or position of a loading level. With the help of the sensor device, the approximate distribution of cargo within the transport box can be determined, so that the tilting of the transport box can be done depending on the basic arrangement of the cargo within the transport box. The sensor device can preferably scan the interior of the transport box with non-contact sensors. For example, with the aid of an ultrasonic sensor and / or a radar sensor and / or an infrared sensor in a preferably flat area, the distance of still visible already loaded piece goods to the free end of the conveyor can be determined. From this data, the Approximate distribution of already loaded cargo within the transport box are determined and an approximate loading level can be determined. The loading level essentially corresponds to a plane within the transport box, which is defined by the visible to the loading opening facing surfaces of the already invited cargo.
Vorzugsweise weist die Transportbox eine Trennwand zur Ausbildung einer Aufnahmetasche für eine segmentierte Schließeinrichtung, insbesondere Rolltor, auf, wobei die segmentierte Schließeinrichtung während des Förderns der Stückgüter in die Transportbox beabstandet zu den eingeladenen Stückgütern ganz oder teilweise in der Aufnahmetasche angeordnet ist. Durch die Trennwand kann die Aufnahmetasche von dem für die Stückgüter vorgesehenen Transportvolumen getrennt sein. Die Aufnahmetasche kann insbesondere zwischen der Trennwand und einer Decke der Transportbox an der zum Inneren der Transportbox weisenden Seite der Decke ausgebildet werden. Dadurch können die einzelnen Segmente der segmentierten Schließeinrichtung während des Einladens von den Stückgütern beabstandet positioniert werden, so dass die einzelnen Segmente nicht mit den Stückgütern in Kontakt gelangen. Dadurch wird vermieden, dass die Stückgüter in die Zwischenräume der einzelnen Segmente gelangen und eine weitere Bewegung der Segmente, beispielsweise zum Verschließen der Einladeöffnung, blockieren. Die Schließeinrichtung zum Öffnen und/oder Schließen der Einladeöffnung kann dadurch beispielsweise als Rolltor, Rollo, Falttor, Jalousie oder Ähnliches ausgestaltet sein, ohne dass die Funktionalität der Schließeinrichtung durch die eingeladenen Stückgüter beeinträchtigt werden kann.The transport box preferably has a partition wall for forming a receiving pocket for a segmented closing device, in particular a roller shutter, wherein the segmented closing device is arranged wholly or partially in the receiving pocket while the piece goods are being conveyed into the transport box spaced apart from the loaded piece goods. Due to the partition, the receiving pocket can be separated from the transport volume provided for the piece goods. In particular, the receiving pocket can be formed between the dividing wall and a ceiling of the transport box on the side of the ceiling facing the interior of the transport box. As a result, the individual segments of the segmented closing device can be positioned at a distance from the piece goods during loading, so that the individual segments do not come into contact with the piece goods. This avoids that the piece goods get into the spaces between the individual segments and block further movement of the segments, for example, to close the loading opening. The closing device for opening and / or closing the loading opening can be designed, for example, as a roller shutter, roller blind, folding door, blind or the like, without the functionality of the locking device can be affected by the invited cargo.
Insbesondere ist eine Flächennormale der Einladeöffnung zu Beginn des Einladens überwiegend im Wesentlichen horizontal und zum Ende des Einladens überwiegend im Wesentlichen vertikal ausgerichtet. Die Transportbox kann somit zu Beginn des Einladens im Wesentlichen seitlich beladen werden, wobei die Transportbox durch das Kippen der Transportbox während des Einladens zum Ende des Einladens im Wesentlichen von oben beladen wird. Die Transportbox kann hierzu während des Einladens, insbesondere ohne Anhalten der Fördereinrichtung vorzugsweise kontinuierlich, beispielsweise um im Wesentlichen 90° gekippt werden. Zwischen der Anfangsposition der Transportbox beim Einladen und der Endposition der Transportbox beim Ausladen kann bei einer im Wesentlichen quaderförmigen Transportbox eine Ecke der Transportbox zwischen einem Boden und einer Seitenwand der Transportbox in Schwerkraftrichtung unten angeordnet werden, so dass die eingeladenen Stückgüter automatisch in die durch die Ecke ausgebildete Spitze von der Fördereinrichtung wegrutschen können. Dadurch ergibt sich innerhalb der Transportbox eine Anordnung der Stückgüter, die einem umgekehrten Schüttkegel mit einer im Wesentlichen ebenen zur Einladeöffnung weisenden Bodenfläche entspricht, wobei diese Bodenfläche des umgekehrten Schüttkegels dem Beladungsniveau entspricht. Zum Einladen der Stückgüter ist es nicht zwingend erforderlich, dass zu Beginn des Einladens die Flächennormale der Einladeöffnung genau horizontal und am Ende des Einladens genau vertikal ausgerichtet ist. Es ist jedoch bevorzugt, wenn die Flächennormale zu Beginn des Einladens einen Anteil von horizontaler Richtung aufweist, der größer als der Anteil in vertikaler Richtung ist. Entsprechend ist bevorzugt, wenn die Flächennormale zum Ende des Einladens einen vertikalen Anteil aufweist, der größer als ein horizontaler Anteil ist. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Transportbox zu Beginn des Einladens bereits um einen vordefinierten Winkelbetrag gekippt, so dass bei einem weiteren Kippen der Transportbox eine Haftreibung zwischen einem eingeladenen Stückgut und einem Boden der Transportbox überwunden wird. Die Transportbox kann zu Beginn des Einladens derart gekippt sein, dass der Boden der Transportbox zu Beginn des Einladevorgangs, insbesondere um einen Winkelbetrag von 10° - 30° gegenüber der Horizontalen geneigt ist.In particular, a surface normal of the loading opening at the beginning of the invitation is predominantly substantially horizontal and predominantly vertically aligned at the end of the invitation. The transport box can thus be loaded substantially laterally at the beginning of the invitation, wherein the transport box is loaded by the tilting of the transport box during the invitation to the end of the invitation substantially from above. The transport box For this purpose, it can preferably be continuously, for example, tilted by substantially 90 ° during the loading, in particular without stopping the conveyor. Between the initial position of the transport box when loading and the final position of the transport box when unloading a corner of the transport box between a bottom and a side wall of the transport box in the direction of gravity can be arranged below in a substantially cuboid transport box, so that the invited cargo automatically into the through the corner trained tip of the conveyor slip away. This results within the transport box, an arrangement of the piece goods, which corresponds to a reverse bulk cone with a substantially flat facing the loading opening bottom surface, said bottom surface of the reverse bulk cone corresponds to the loading level. To load the piece goods, it is not mandatory that at the beginning of the invitation the surface normal of the loading opening is exactly horizontal and at the end of the invitation exactly vertical. However, it is preferable that the surface normal at the beginning of the invitation has a proportion of horizontal direction larger than the proportion in the vertical direction. Accordingly, it is preferred if the surface normal to the end of the invitation has a vertical portion which is greater than a horizontal portion. Particularly preferably, the transport box is tilted at the beginning of the invitation already by a predefined angle, so that in a further tilting of the transport box a static friction between an invited cargo and a bottom of the transport box is overcome. The transport box can be tilted at the beginning of the invitation so that the bottom of the transport box at the beginning of the invitation process, in particular by an angle of 10 ° - 30 ° is inclined relative to the horizontal.
Die Einladeöffnung der Transportbox ist vorzugsweise seitlich vorgesehen. Dadurch ist eine Öffnung, die bei einem Transport der Transportbox beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines LKWs oder Eisenbahnwagons entgegen der Schwerkraftrichtung weisen würde, nicht erforderlich und kann vermieden werden. Dadurch lassen sich Abdichtungsmaßnahmen für die Einladeöffnung, beispielsweise um die Einladeöffnung gegen das Eindringen von Regenwasser zu sichern, deutlich reduzieren und vereinfachen. Beispielsweise kann die Einladeöffnung mit Hilfe eines in seitlichen Führungen geführten Rolltores verschlossen werden, wobei Spritzwasser und Regenwasser an dem Rolltor in Schwerkraftrichtung abfließen kann ohne in das Transportvolumen hineinzugelangen. Das in den seitlichen Führungen geführte Rolltor kann insofern eine Labyrinthdichtung ausbilden, in der gegebenenfalls eine Dichtlippe vorgesehen sein kann, wobei die Dichtlippe insbesondere nur mit einer geringen Anpresskraft verschleißarm an dem Rolltor anliegen braucht.The loading opening of the transport box is preferably provided laterally. As a result, an opening, which would point in a transport of the transport box, for example by means of a truck or railway wagon against the direction of gravity, not required and can be avoided. This allows sealing measures for the loading opening, for example, to secure the loading port against the ingress of rainwater, significantly reduce and simplify. For example, the loading opening can be closed by means of a guided in side guides roller door, spray water and rainwater can flow to the roller shutter in the direction of gravity without getting into the transport volume. The guided in the lateral guides roller door can form insofar a labyrinth seal in which optionally a sealing lip may be provided, the sealing lip in particular needs to wear only a small contact force wear on the roller door.
Vorzugsweise wird die Transportbox um einen im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu einer Einladerichtung der Fördereinrichtung verlaufenden Hauptkippachse gekippt. Dies ermöglicht es, die Fördereinrichtung, sofern überhaupt, nur um ein geringfügiges Ausmaß in die Transportbox hineinragen zu lassen und im gekippten Zustand der Transportbox die eingeladenen Stückgüter maximal weit weg von der Fördereinrichtung wegrutschen zu lassen. Die Stückgüter können dadurch schnell und einfach von der Einladeöffnung wegbewegt werden und innerhalb der Transportbox an Stellen rutschen, die möglichst weit von der Fördereinrichtung entfernt sind. Dies ermöglicht es, das Transportvolumen der Transportbox möglichst vollständig für den Transport der Stückgüter, insbesondere Postpakete, zu nutzen.Preferably, the transport box is tilted about a main tilting axis extending substantially perpendicular to an invitation direction of the conveying device. This makes it possible to let the conveyor, if at all, protrude only to a minor extent in the transport box and to allow the invited cargo to slip away a maximum distance away from the conveyor in the tilted state of the transport box. As a result, the piece goods can be moved quickly and easily away from the loading opening and slide within the transport box in places that are as far away from the conveyor as possible. This makes it possible to use the transport volume of the transport box as completely as possible for the transport of piece goods, in particular postal packages.
Besonders bevorzugt wird die Transportbox um eine im Wesentlichen parallel zur Einladerichtung der Fördereinrichtung verlaufende Nebenkippachse gekippt, wobei die Transportbox insbesondere um die Nebenkippachse hin- und hergekippt wird. Durch das Kippen um die Nebenkippachse kann erreicht werden, dass die eingeladenen Stückgüter quer zur Einladerichtung der Fördereinrichtung innerhalb der Transportbox verteilt werden können. Ein Schüttkegel durch von der Fördereinrichtung wegrutschende Stückgüter kann dadurch vermieden oder zumindest deutlich reduziert werden. Im Vergleich zum Kippen der Transportbox um die Hauptkippachse erfolgt das Kippen der Transportbox um die Nebenkippachse vorzugsweise mit einer deutlich höheren Drehgeschwindigkeit. Die Transportbox kann dadurch etwas gerüttelt werden, um die Verteilung der eingeladenen Stückgüter innerhalb der Transportbox zu erleichtern.Particularly preferably, the transport box is tilted about a secondary tilting axis running essentially parallel to the invitation direction of the conveying device, the transporting box being tilted back and forth in particular about the secondary tilting axis. By tilting about the Nebenkippachse can be achieved that the invited cargo can be distributed across the invitation direction of the conveyor within the transport box. A bulk cone by by the conveyor slip-away cargo can be avoided or at least significantly reduced. In comparison to tilting the transport box about the main tilting axis, the tilting of the transport box about the secondary tilting axis preferably takes place at a significantly higher rotational speed. The transport box can thereby be shaken slightly to facilitate the distribution of the invited cargo within the transport box.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform erfolgt das Kippen der Transportbox im Wesentlichen derart, dass sich innerhalb der Transportbox ein unter Berücksichtigung der geometrischen Ausgestaltung der Stückgüter im Wesentlichen horizontales Beladungsniveau ergibt. Ein innerhalb der Transportbox entstehender Schüttkegel kann durch das Kippen der Transportbox kompensiert werden, so dass das Einladen mit Hilfe der Fördereinrichtung besonders einfach und effizient erfolgen kann. Das Beladungsniveau ist nicht exakt eben, sondern berücksichtigt, dass die eingeladenen Stückgüter, insbesondere eine unregelmäßige Anordnung quaderförmiger Postpakete, eine Vielzahl von Vertiefungen und Erhebungen aufweist. Das Beladungsniveau wird somit als eine theoretische makroskopische Betrachtung einer gemittelten Durchschnittsfläche der sichtbaren Flächen der Stückgüter verstanden.In a preferred embodiment, the tilting of the transport box essentially takes place in such a way that, within the transport box, a loading level which is essentially horizontal takes into account the geometric configuration of the piece goods. A bulk cone arising within the transport box can be compensated by tilting the transport box, so that the loading can be carried out particularly easily and efficiently with the aid of the conveyor. The loading level is not exactly flat, but takes into account that the invited piece goods, in particular an irregular arrangement of cuboid postal packages, has a plurality of depressions and elevations. The loading level is thus understood as a theoretical macroscopic consideration of an average average area of the visible areas of the piece goods.
Insbesondere wird die Fördereinrichtung entlang der Einladerichtung und/oder quer zur Einladerichtung zur Variation einer Fallposition für das jeweilige Stückgut bewegt. Dadurch ist es möglich, die einzuladenden Stückgüter an Positionen von der Fördereinrichtung fallen zu lassen, wo sich noch ein in Schwerkraftrichtung besonders tiefes Niveau für das aufzunehmende Stückgut ergibt. Die Ausbildung eines Schüttkegels wird dadurch vermieden. Insbesondere kann das freie Ende der Fördereinrichtung in einer meanderförmigen Schleifenbewegung über das Beladungsniveau hinwegbewegt werden. Beispielsweise ist es möglich die Fördereinrichtung als Winkelförderband auszugestalten, so dass durch die Variation eines Winkels zwischen zwei nachfolgenden, gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Transportbändern das Ausmaß eingestellt werden kann, um welches die Fördereinrichtung in die Transportbox hineinragen kann. Ferner kann die Fördereinrichtung in vertikaler Richtung verschoben werden. Durch eine insbesondere computergesteuerte Abstimmung der vertikalen Bewegung der Fördereinrichtung und/oder der Kippbewegung der Transportbox und/oder der Winkelstellung einer insbesondere als Winkelförderband ausgestalteten Fördereinrichtung kann das Einladen der Stückgüter gut kontrolliert werden, so dass mehrere flache Schichten von Stückgütern übereinander abgeladen werden können. Die Fallposition der Stückgüter kann dadurch an den Füllzustand der Transportbox angepasst werden. Dies ermöglicht es, einzuladende Stückgüter in mehreren Lagen nacheinander einzuladen, ohne dass die Stückgüter in Transportrichtung der Fördereinrichtung innerhalb der Transportbox rutschen müssen. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die Fallposition nur geringfügig variiert, um das Einladen an verschiedene Winkelstellungen der gekippten Transportbox anpassen zu können. Insbesondere ist das freie Ende der Fördereinrichtung relativ zur Transportbox im Wesentlichen unbeweglich, wobei sich durch das Kippen der Transportbox lediglich die Fallrichtung des Stückguts relativ zur Transportbox verändert. Die Bewegbarkeit der Fördereinrichtung wird in diesem Fall lediglich dazu verwendet, eine veränderte Position der Einladeöffnung als Ergebnis der Kippbewegung der Transportbox zu kompensieren.In particular, the conveyor is moved along the invitation direction and / or transversely to the invitation direction for varying a drop position for the respective piece goods. This makes it possible to drop the piece goods to be loaded at positions of the conveyor, where there is still a particularly low in the direction of gravity level for the item to be picked. The formation of a bulk cone is thereby avoided. In particular, the free end of the conveyor can be moved over the loading level in a meandering loop movement. For example, it is possible to design the conveyor as an angle conveyor belt, so that the extent to which the conveyor can protrude into the transport box can be adjusted by the variation of an angle between two subsequent conveyor belts connected to one another in an articulated manner. Furthermore, the conveyor can be moved in the vertical direction. By a particular computer-controlled adjustment of the vertical movement of the conveyor and / or the tilting movement of the transport box and / or the angular position of a particular configured as an angle conveyor belt conveyor can invite The cargo is well controlled so that several flat layers of cargo can be loaded one above the other. The drop position of the piece goods can thereby be adapted to the filling state of the transport box. This makes it possible to load piece goods to be loaded in several layers in succession without the piece goods having to slide in the transport direction of the conveyor within the transport box. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the dropping position is only slightly varied in order to be able to adapt the loading to different angular positions of the tilted transport box. In particular, the free end of the conveyor relative to the transport box is substantially immobile, with only the falling direction of the piece goods changed by tilting the transport box relative to the transport box. The mobility of the conveyor is used in this case only to compensate for a changed position of the loading opening as a result of the tilting movement of the transport box.
Vorzugsweise weist die Transportbox eine horizontale Erstreckung L von der Einladeöfnung bis zu einer der Einladeöffnung gegenüberliegenden Begrenzungswand auf, wobei ein in Einladerichtung in die Transportbox hineinragendes Ende der Fördereinrichtung einen horizontalen Abstand S zur Einladeöffnung aufweist, wobei für das Verhältnis S/L 0,01 ≤S/L ≤ 0,7, insbesondere 0,05 ≤ S/L ≤ 0,5, vorzugsweise 0,1 ≤ S/L ≤ 0,3 und besonders bevorzugt 0,15 ≤ S/L ≤ 0,2 gilt. Diese Verhältnisse gelten insbesondere zu Beginn des Einladens. Vorzugsweise gelten diese Verhältnisse während des gesamten Einladevorgangs. Durch das Kippen der Transportbox ist es ausreichend, wenn die Fördereinrichtung nur geringfügig in die Transportbox hineinreicht, damit das einzuladende Stückgut sicher innerhalb der Transportbox ankommt. Durch das Kippen der Transportbox kann das Stückgut nachfolgend von der Fördereinrichtung wegrutschen und einen weiter entfernten Ort erreichen, den die Fördereinrichtung nicht direkt erreicht.The transport box preferably has a horizontal extent L from the loading opening to a boundary wall opposite the loading opening, wherein an end of the conveying device protruding into the transport box in the direction of the invitation has a horizontal distance S from the loading opening, wherein 0.01 ≦ for the ratio S / L S / L ≦ 0.7, in particular 0.05 ≦ S / L ≦ 0.5, preferably 0.1 ≦ S / L ≦ 0.3, and more preferably 0.15 ≦ S / L ≦ 0.2. These conditions apply in particular at the beginning of the invitation. Preferably, these relationships apply throughout the invitation process. By tilting the transport box, it is sufficient if the conveyor extends only slightly into the transport box, so that the cargo to be loaded arrives safely within the transport box. By tilting the transport box, the cargo can subsequently slip away from the conveyor and reach a more distant location, which does not reach the conveyor directly.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Einladeanordnung zum Einladen von Stückgütern, insbesondere Postpaketen, mit einer Einladestation. Die Einladestation weist eine Aufnahmevorrichtung zur Aufnahme einer Transportbox auf. Ferner ist eine die Aufnahmevorrichtung in vertikaler zumindest teilweise überragende Fördereinrichtung, insbesondere Transportband, zum Einladen von Stückgütern in die Transportbox hinein vorgesehen. Mit der Aufnahmevorrichtung ist eine Kippvorrichtung zum Kippen der Transportbox zum schwerkraftbedingten Wegbewegen zumindest eines Teils der eingeladenen Stückgüter verbunden. Mit Hilfe der Kippvorrichtung kann die von der Aufnahmevorrichtung sicher aufgenommene Transportbox beim Einladen der Stückgüter gekippt werden, so dass die Transportbox schnell beladen werden kann, ohne dass die Stückgüter beim Einladen beschädigt werden. Die Einladestation kann insbesondere wie vorstehend anhand des Verfahrens zum Einladen von Stückgütern beschrieben aus- und weitergebildet sein. Die Einladeanordnung weist eine von der Einladestation aufgenommenen Transportbox auf, wobei die Fördereinrichtung über eine Einladeöffnung der Transportbox teilweise in die Transportbox hineinragt. Erfindungsgemäß weist die Transportbox eine Trennwand zur Ausbildung einer Aufnahmetasche für eine segmentierte Schließeinrichtung, insbesondere Rolltor, auf, wobei die segmentierte Schließenrichtung während des Förderns der Stückgüter in die Transportbox beabstandet zu den eingeladenen Stückgütern ganz oder teilweise in der Aufnahmetasche angeordnet ist.The invention further relates to an invitation arrangement for loading piece goods, in particular postal packages, with an invitation station. The invitation station has a recording device for receiving a transport box. Further, a receiving device in vertical at least partially superior conveyor, in particular conveyor belt, provided for the loading of cargo into the transport box inside. With the receiving device, a tilting device for tilting the transport box for the gravitational moving away of at least a part of the invited cargo is connected. With the help of the tilting device, the transport box safely received by the receiving device can be tilted when loading the piece goods, so that the transport box can be loaded quickly, without the piece goods are damaged during loading. The invitation station can in particular be trained and further developed as described above with reference to the method for loading piece goods. The loading arrangement has a transport box accommodated by the loading station, the conveying device partially protruding into the transport box via an infeed opening of the transport box. According to the invention, the transport box has a dividing wall for forming a receiving pocket for a segmented closing device, in particular a roller shutter, wherein the segmented closing direction is arranged wholly or partly in the receiving pocket while the piece goods are being conveyed into the transport box spaced apart from the loaded piece goods.
Besonders bevorzugt weist die Transportbox Befestigungsöffnungen zum Einsetzen eines Haltebolzens eines LKWs auf, wobei die Aufnahmevorrichtung entsprechende Haltebolzen zur sicheren Befestigung der Transportbox mit der Aufnahmevorrichtung aufweist. Die Transportbox kann dadurch sicher mit Hilfe der Einladestation gekippt werden, ohne dass die Transportbox unkontrolliert umkippen kann. Durch das Kippen der Transportbox kann das Einladen der Stückgüter, insbesondere von Postpaketen, beschleunigt werden, ohne dass die Stückgüter beim Einladen beschädigt werden können.Particularly preferably, the transport box on mounting holes for inserting a retaining bolt of a truck, wherein the receiving device has corresponding retaining bolts for secure attachment of the transport box with the receiving device. The transport box can be safely tilted with the help of the invitation station, without the transport box can overturn uncontrollably. By tilting the transport box, the loading of the cargo, in particular postal packages, can be accelerated without the cargo can be damaged during loading.
Vorzugsweise weist die Fördereinrichtung ein insbesondere fest angelenktes Aufnahmeteil und ein gelenkig mit dem Aufnahmeteil verbundenes Entladeteil auf, wobei das Entladeteil um eine im Wesentlichen horizontale Schwenkachse drehbar mit dem Aufnahmeteil verbunden ist. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Fördereinrichtung als Winkelförderband ausgestaltet. Durch die gelenkige Verbindung des Entladeteils zum Aufnahmeteil kann eine durch das Kippen der Transportbox entstehende Ladekante, vorzugsweise automatisch, überwunden werden. Hierzu kann das Aufnahmeteil gelenkig mit einer unbeweglichen Basis verbunden sein. Vorzugsweise ist das fest angelenkte Aufnahmeteil in horizontaler und/oder in vertikaler Richtung bewegbar, um einen horizontalen und/oder vertikalen Versatz durch eine winkelige Anordnung des Entladeteil zum Aufnahmeteil auszugleichen.Preferably, the conveyor has a particular firmly articulated receiving part and a hingedly connected to the receiving part discharge part, wherein the discharge part rotatably connected to a substantially horizontal pivot axis with the receiving part is. Particularly preferably, the conveyor is configured as an angle conveyor belt. Due to the articulated connection of the discharge part to the receiving part, a loading edge resulting from the tilting of the transport box, preferably automatically, can be overcome. For this purpose, the receiving part can be hingedly connected to a stationary base. Preferably, the firmly hinged receiving part in the horizontal and / or vertical direction is movable to compensate for a horizontal and / or vertical offset by an angular arrangement of the discharge part to the receiving part.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die Fördereinrichtung, insbesondere das Entladeteil längenverstellbar. Dies erleichtert den automatischen Ausgleich eines Versatzes der Fördereinrichtung relativ zur gekippten Transportbox.Particularly preferably, the conveyor, in particular the discharge part is adjustable in length. This facilitates the automatic compensation of an offset of the conveyor relative to the tilted transport box.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die anliegenden Zeichnungen anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels exemplarisch erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Einladeanordnung in einer ersten Position,
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Seitenansicht der Finladeanordnung aus
Fig. 1 in einer zweiten Position, - Fig. 3
- eine schematische Seitenansicht der Einladeanordnung aus
Fig. 1 in einer dritten Position und - Fig. 4
- eine schematische Seitenansicht einer für die Einladeanordnung aus
Fig. 1 verwendeten Transportbox.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic side view of an invitation arrangement in a first position,
- Fig. 2
- a schematic side view of the Finladeanordnung
Fig. 1 in a second position, - Fig. 3
- a schematic side view of the invitation arrangement
Fig. 1 in a third position and - Fig. 4
- a schematic side view of a for the invitation arrangement
Fig. 1 used transport box.
Die in
Bei der in
Bei der in
Die in
Claims (13)
- Method of loading articles, in particular postal packages (18), into a transporting box (12) having the following steps:supplying a transporting box (12), wherein the transporting box (12) has a loading opening (14) into which the articles (18) can be loaded,arranging a conveying means (16), in particular transporting belt, relative to the loading opening (14) of the transporting box (12),conveying articles (18), with the aid of the conveying means (16), into the transporting box (12), wherein the articles (18), within the transporting box (12) fall down from the conveying means (16) over a falling height (a), andtilting the transporting box (12) in order for at least some of the articles (18) which have fallen down to be moved away under gravitational force,characterized in thatthe transporting box (12) has a partition wall (44) for forming an accommodating pocket (46) for a segmented closing means (50), in particular roller shutter, wherein the segmented closing means (50), as the articles (18) are being conveyed into the transporting box (12), is arranged wholly or partially in the accommodating pocket (46), at a distance from the loaded articles (18).
- Method according to Claim 1, in which the transporting box (12) is tilted gradually about at least one tilting axis, wherein the tilting speed selected is one for distributing a pile which forms.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2 in which the conveying means has a thickness d between an upper side (23), on which the articles (18) can be set down, and an underside (25), which is oriented away from the upper side (23), wherein, for the ratio of the maximum falling height amax established for the article (18), 1.0≤amax/d≤5.0, in particular 1.1≤amax/d≤4.0, preferably 1.2≤amax/d≤3.0, further preferably 1.3≤amax/d≤2.0 and particularly preferably 1.4≤amax/d≤1.7.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, in which a surface normal (36) of the loading opening (14) is oriented essentially horizontally for the most part at the beginning of the loading operation and essentially vertically for the most part at the end of the loading operation.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the loading opening (14) of the transporting box (12) is provided laterally.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which the transporting box (12) is tilted about a main tilting axis, which runs essentially perpendicularly to a loading direction (34) of the conveying means (16).
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, in which the transporting box (12) is tilted about a secondary tilting axis, which runs essentially parallel to the loading direction (34) of the conveying means (16), wherein the transporting box (12) is tilted back and forth, in particular, about the secondary tilting axis.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, in which the transporting box (12) is tilted essentially such that a loading level (38), which, taking account of the geometrical configuration of the articles (18), is essentially horizontal, forms within the transporting box (12).
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, in which the conveying means (16) is moved along the loading direction (34) and/or transversely to the loading direction (34) in order to vary a falling position for the respective article (18).
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, in which the articles used are postal packages (18).
- Loading arrangement for loading articles, in particular postal packages (18), preferably using the method according to one of Claims 1 to 10, having a loading station whichhas an accommodating apparatus for accommodating a transporting box (12),a conveying means (16), in particular transporting belt, which projects at least partially beyond the accommodating apparatus in the vertical direction and intended for loading articles (18) into the transporting box (12), anda tilting apparatus (40), which is connected to the accommodating apparatus and is intended for tilting the transporting box (12) in order for at least some of the loaded articles (18) to be moved away under gravitational force, andhaving a transporting box (12), which is accommodated by the loading station, wherein the conveying means (16) projects partially into the transporting box (12) via a loading opening (14) of the transporting box (12),
characterized in that
a transporting box (12) is accommodated by the accommodating apparatus and the transporting box (12) has a partition wall (44) for forming an accommodating pocket (46) for a segmented closing means (50), in particular roller shutter, wherein the segmented closing means (50), as the articles (18) are being conveyed into the transporting box (12), is arranged wholly or partially in the accommodating pocket (46), at a distance from the loaded articles (18). - Loading arrangement according to Claim 11, characterized in that the conveying means (16) has an in particular fixed-connection accommodating part (30) and an unloading part (32), which is connected in an articulated manner to the accommodating part (30), wherein the unloading part (32) is connected to the accommodating part (30) such that it can be rotated about an essentially horizontal pivot axis.
- Loading arrangement according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a free end (20) of the conveying means (16), said free end projecting into the transporting box (12), is provided with a sensor means for determining the filling level of the transporting box (12) and/or for determining the orientation and/or position of a loading level.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201010060391 DE102010060391A1 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2010-11-05 | Method for loading general cargo and invitation station |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2450112A1 EP2450112A1 (en) | 2012-05-09 |
EP2450112B1 true EP2450112B1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
Family
ID=44905619
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20110187543 Active EP2450112B1 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2011-11-02 | Method and apparatus for loading packages into a transport container |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2450112B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010060391A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2455973T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITPN20130031A1 (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-12 | Unitec Spa | IMPROVED PLANT FOR THE FILLING OF CONTAINERS OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS AND ITS METHOD |
DE102013212883A1 (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device and method for loading and / or unloading transport containers for general cargo |
DE102016205900B4 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-03-29 | Hastamat Verpackungstechnik Gmbh | Method and device for the portioned filling of flat products |
EP4049949B1 (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2023-11-15 | BEUMER Group GmbH & Co. KG | Device and method for loading a container with sorted items |
DE102022104554A1 (en) | 2022-02-25 | 2023-08-31 | BEUMER Group GmbH & Co. KG | Arrangement and method for introducing a roll container into a roll container loading station |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2827082A (en) * | 1956-10-29 | 1958-03-18 | Fruit Ind Res Foundation | Carton loader |
US2896384A (en) * | 1958-03-20 | 1959-07-28 | Earl W Carlsen | Automatic box filler |
US3827585A (en) | 1971-06-14 | 1974-08-06 | Williams J Mc | Method and apparatus for loading bagged mail from a loading dock into a highway vehicle |
DE2901450A1 (en) * | 1979-01-16 | 1980-07-24 | Wyhlen Ag Eisenbau | Scrap steel conveyor installation - used in rolling mills to move plate shaped scrap from and upper floor to a lower level or vice=versa |
NL9001501A (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-02-03 | Aweta Bv | DEVICE FOR FILLING CONTAINERS WITH PRODUCTS, SUCH AS FRUITS OR THE LIKE. |
US7137234B2 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2006-11-21 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Vertical flat stacking apparatus and method of use |
NL1026465C2 (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2005-07-18 | Loon En Kranenverhuur Bedrijf | Harvester for crops grown between nets, e.g. bulbs, has crops added to collection container via transport arrangement movable in its length direction |
DE102007017288C5 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2013-07-11 | Lödige Machine Warburg GmbH | Plant for loading luggage into containers |
EP2354004A1 (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-10 | Ingenieursbureau Moderniek B.V. | A device for loading luggage to a container |
-
2010
- 2010-11-05 DE DE201010060391 patent/DE102010060391A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-11-02 EP EP20110187543 patent/EP2450112B1/en active Active
- 2011-11-02 ES ES11187543T patent/ES2455973T3/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102010060391A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
ES2455973T3 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
EP2450112A1 (en) | 2012-05-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3218291B1 (en) | Method for loading surfaces to be loaded, and loading device | |
EP3380416B1 (en) | Transport bag and method for filling and emptying a transport bag of this type | |
AT521110B1 (en) | Unloading station and method for unloading a conveyed goods container loaded with a conveyed good | |
EP2444341B1 (en) | Device for treating piece goods of a transport unit, particularly a swappable container and unloading device | |
EP2450112B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for loading packages into a transport container | |
EP2152617B1 (en) | Apparatus for, and method of, unloading articles from a container | |
EP3115322B1 (en) | Method and device for depalletizing tires | |
WO2012016974A1 (en) | Unloading manipulator and method for the automated unloading of articles | |
EP3224164B1 (en) | Method for combining materials to be packaged, and device for conveying materials to be packaged | |
EP3617105A1 (en) | Method for unloading packages from a tilted container to a conveyor belt | |
WO2017202491A1 (en) | Conveyed goods transfer station and a suspended-type conveying apparatus equipped therewith | |
AT16353U1 (en) | Transport bag and method for filling and emptying of such a transport bag | |
EP3556691B1 (en) | Separating unloader and method for unloading and separating packages provided in a container | |
WO2015173040A1 (en) | Transfer station for transferring piece goods between a vehicle and a storage facility | |
EP2281762B1 (en) | Method for unloading a plurality of articles and unloading device | |
WO2010089150A1 (en) | Unloading station for automatically separating a bundle from loading equipment | |
EP2955121B1 (en) | Use of a transport means, transport- and distribution-system and method for transporting and distributing goods | |
CH713082A1 (en) | Transport bag and method for filling and emptying of such a transport bag. | |
EP2447189B1 (en) | Transport box and method for unloading piece goods | |
EP2243726B1 (en) | Use of a transport container and method for discharging such a transport container | |
DE102022203414B3 (en) | Transport bag, carrying hook, transport device and overhead conveyor system | |
EP2727858A1 (en) | Roller conveyor with empty plates return | |
DE102008059311A1 (en) | Transportation box for transportation vehicle, particularly light truck or freight vehicle, has housing for retaining of transporting articles, particularly packages | |
DE10202959A1 (en) | Device for feeding stacks of empties | |
DE1781450B2 (en) | Cup conveyor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20121105 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: B07C 3/00 20060101AFI20130315BHEP Ipc: B65G 69/16 20060101ALI20130315BHEP Ipc: B65B 25/04 20060101ALN20130315BHEP |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: B07C 3/00 20060101AFI20130325BHEP Ipc: B65B 25/04 20060101ALN20130325BHEP Ipc: B65G 69/16 20060101ALI20130325BHEP |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20130611 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 649548 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20140215 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502011002043 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20140227 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2455973 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20140416 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: VDEP Effective date: 20140115 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140515 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140415 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140515 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502011002043 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20141016 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502011002043 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20141016 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20141102 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20141130 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20141102 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140416 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20151102 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20111102 Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20151102 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140115 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20231120 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20231127 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20231201 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20231121 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20240126 Year of fee payment: 13 |