EP2446932A2 - Device for extinguishing fires in buildings and facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a photovoltaic module for discharging a water jet (7) from a water pipe (1). A dosing device (2) is assigned with a separation unit (5) to the water pipe. An individual rigid body (3) is guided to the water pipe by the separation unit. The separation unit emerges the water jet from the water pipe. The photovoltaic module is separated with the separation unit. The separation unit comprises a feed plate, and the rigid body is supplied into the water pipe by the feed plate. The dosing device comprises a reservoir (4), where the rigid body is supported in the reservoir.

Description

The invention relates to a device for extinguishing fires on buildings and facilities.

In recent times, buildings and facilities with photovoltaic, that is, solar systems equipped for energy. Such photovoltaic systems have in a known manner multiple arrangements of interconnected in serial and parallel interconnected photovoltaic modules, which are arranged on the Au-βenseiten of buildings and facilities, especially roofs.

A major problem with such arrangements occurs in the event of a fire. The photovoltaic modules have a high voltage during exposure, which can typically be up to 1000 volts. If a fire now occurs, buildings and systems with photovoltaic modules can not be extinguished with extinguishing water or the like and often can not be entered without danger, as there is a risk of electric shock, which would mean a considerable risk for the extinguishing personnel. Therefore, one must be forced to completely burn down roof trusses or buildings with photovoltaic modules when fires occur on such buildings or facilities.

In order to counter this problem, attempts have been made to bring about an interruption in the operation of photovoltaic systems by means of circuit technology measures. Such devices may in particular have fuses, as in the JP 110 40 838 A described. The problem here is that the fire-fighting personnel can not check whether the fuses actually respond or whether the fuses are defective due to heat generation or aging. But that leaves a high risk for that Extinguishing personnel, which ultimately prevents deletion of the photovoltaic modules.

From the DE 10 2008 029 491 B4 is a protective device for a solar system known. In the event of a fault, especially in a fire, the power lines of the solar system with explosive capsules are separated and thus mechanically interrupted. Since the blasting process can be dangerous itself, as this arcs or the like may arise, the blasting caps are assigned to delete units.

However, such a protective device carries a continuing risk, since the blasting capsules on the building potential hot spots are installed. In addition, the functions of this protection device can not be tested.

The invention has for its object to provide a device by means of which a safe, safe extinguishing of buildings and facilities with photovoltaic modules is made possible.

To solve this problem, the features of claim 1 are provided. Advantageous embodiments and expedient developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

The invention relates to a device for extinguishing fires on buildings and facilities with there existing photovoltaic modules. To extinguish a water jet is led out of a water pipe. The water pipe is associated with a metering device with a singling unit. By means of the singling unit, individual hard bodies are supplied to the water pipe, which emerge from the water pipe with the water jet, whereby the photovoltaic modules can be smashed. The singling unit has a transport disk, by the actuation of which a single feed of hard bodies into the water pipe takes place.

With the device according to the invention a safe and safe for the extinguishing personnel extinguishing fires on buildings and facilities that have photovoltaic systems with photovoltaic modules on the outer sides, guaranteed.

The basic principle of the device according to the invention is that with the hard bodies, which are supplied to the water jet, the photovoltaic modules can be smashed quickly and efficiently, so that there are no high voltages more and thus the fire can be deleted without endangering the fire personnel.

A significant advantage here is that the hard body is guided by the water jet of the water pipe to a target object. The extinguishing personnel can thus align the water jet exactly on the target object and then align the hard body exactly following the path of the water jet safely and accurately to the target object. This ensures safe use of the hard body.

With the hard body, a selective energy input is generated on the target object, in particular a photovoltaic module. As a result, the target object is intentionally locally damaged, that is, the target object is torn open locally. With the water jet following the hard body, the tear point is enlarged rapidly, whereby the target object is smashed efficiently. If insufficient damage to the target object is still to be achieved in the event of a first impact of a hard body, this can be subjected to a freely selectable sequence of hard bodies.

Photovoltaic modules typically have solar cells covered with glass covers. The hard body or particles striking such a photovoltaic module penetrate the glass covers and tear them off with the aid of the water jet. Thus, the solar cells are free, with significant lower energy inputs can be destroyed, which can be easily achieved with subsequent hard bodies. The solar cells destroyed in this way destroy the electrical cables of the photovoltaic modules and thus interrupt the links of the individual modules to multiple modules, which leads to the collapse of the voltage generated by the photovoltaic module. Thus, the building or the system can be deleted immediately without any dangers such as electric shocks or short circuits with the water jet immediately, so that the conditions are met to ensure the greatest possible preservation of the fabric during the deletion process. In addition, this reduces the risk of rescuing humans and animals by the extinguishing personnel.

It is advantageous that with the hard body selectively only the photovoltaic modules are destroyed, so that with the hard body in the fire fighting only that is destroyed, which can not be saved anyway.

The fragments that are formed by the fragmentation by the hard body fall only where no one may stay in case of fire, that is, this means no additional personal danger.

An advantage of the device according to the invention is further that in particular smaller fragments or splinters, which are formed when shattering the photovoltaic modules with the hard body, collected by the immediately flowing stream of water, that is bound so that they do not splash around freely. This further avoids hazards to persons.

Since the actuation of the hard body via the water pipe, which is used for deletion, an operator, that is, a firefighter on the one hand, use the water pipe for deletion and on the other hand selectively apply objects to the hard body. Both actions can be performed at a safe distance of typically more than 10 meters from the fire, so that there are no hazards to the operator, especially no electrical hazards. Particularly advantageously, the operation of the water pipe is carried out so that the operator from above, such as a fire truck, can direct the hard body to the target objects.

On the other hand, by the coupling to the water pipe the range for the application of objects with the hard bodies adapted to the range of the water jet, which leads by the leadership of the hard body on the water jet to a high accuracy and on the other hand, the risk of unwanted ricochets or ricochets of the hard body minimized.

Another essential advantage of the invention is that the hard bodies used for the destruction of the photovoltaic modules themselves are not dangerous, that is, contain no explosive substances, propellants, springs, gases or toxic chemicals. As a result, the hard bodies can also be stored indefinitely and can also be recycled during exercises. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the hard body can be easily disposed of after fire use with the accumulating fire debris.

The trained as balls hard body can on the one hand consist of solid bodies, which may advantageously consist of steel. Other materials such as other metallic materials, ceramics or glass are conceivable. Such trained hard body can be produced inexpensively. Furthermore, the hard body may be formed as a hollow body, which may be arranged in these fire-retardant materials or fire extinguishing materials supporting. The hard bodies impinging on the target objects then burst so that the fire-retardant materials can escape, thereby speeding up the extinguishing process.

The dosing device is designed user-friendly so that it can be operated by the extinguishing personnel without special instruction. The function the device is such that the hard bodies are introduced from the reservoir individually into the water pipe to then be output via the water pipe in the direction of a target object, in particular a photovoltaic module. Within the water pipe, an acceleration of the hard body takes place until it reaches the speed of the water jet.

To avoid tilting of the hard body in the guide to and in the water pipe, they are spherical. The inner diameter of the water pipe from the point of entry of the hard body to the outlet is slightly larger than the diameter of the hard body, so that they are performed with little play and thus with the least possible friction in the water pipe.

With the singulation unit of the device according to the invention it is achieved that always only one hard body is introduced into the water pipe and then carried out via this. The supply of hard bodies in the water pipe by means of the singling unit preferably such that it is not affected by the water jet in the water pipe. Possible recoils on the nachdringenden water jet can already be avoided by appropriate dimensions of the components of the metering device and the water pipe. Furthermore, this discharge openings can be provided in the water pipe, can escape through the excess water during insertion of the hard body into the water pipe. The relief openings may preferably be locked with valves or the like, which are typically closed when no hard body is supplied to the water pipe. Furthermore, with the discharge openings and a backflow of water can be prevented in the metering device, when just a hard body is supplied to the water pipe.

A significant advantage of the device according to the invention is that it forms a purely mechanical unit, which has a robust and inexpensive construction. In addition, it is advantageous that a positive guidance is achieved solely by a suitable design of the mechanical components is the reproducible and trouble-free individual transport of the hard body on the separation unit ensures water pipe.

The promotion of the hard body is triggered by a operated by an operator control unit. For safety reasons, it is advisable in any case to provide a manual operating unit, such as a hand crank, since it has no fault-prone electrical or mechanical components and is therefore fail-safe.

Such a hand crank can be designed so that one or more hard bodies are supplied to the water pipe per revolution. By a worm gear or the like, an undesirable accidental automatic rotation of the hand crank can be prevented, whereby an undesirable accidental supply of a hard body to the water pipe is prevented.

The ease of use can be further increased by the fact that a mechanical operating unit is provided which has, for example, an electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically operating motor.

Preferably, the operating unit as an additional securing means on a lock. An operator must then actively unlock the control unit to operate the control unit can. Accidental introduction of hard bodies in the water pipe is thereby excluded.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the water jet as needed foam or foaming agent are supplied via the metering device with air.

In addition, a jet baffle can be applied to the outlet of the water tube. With the jet baffle, a spray water jet can be generated for extinguishing work at short range, which serves for example for self-protection or surface irrigation.

In this case, the jet baffle is preferably arranged foldable on the mouthpiece of the water pipe. The jet baffle is folded away to avoid damage when hard bodies are removed from the water pipe.

This can be fulfilled with a single water pipe different functions.

Figur 1:

Schematische Darstellung des vorderen Endes eines Wasserrohrs einer Löscheinrichtung mit einer zugeordneten Dosiervorrichtung zum Eintrag von Hartkörpern in das Wasserrohr bei aus dem Wasserrohr austretenden Wasserstrahl.

Figur 2:

Anordnung gemäß Figur 1 bei Austritt eines Hartkörpers aus dem Wasserrohr

Figur 3:

Draufsicht auf eine Transportscheibe der Vorrichtung gemäß der Figuren 1 und 2.

Figur 4:

Draufsicht auf ein Gehäuse der Vorrichtung gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 mit einem in das Wasserrohr einmündenden Zuführkanal.

Figur 4a:

Auf dem Gehäuse gelagerte Transportscheibe in einer ersten Drehstellung.

Figur 4b:

Auf dem Gehäuse gelagerte Transportscheibe in einer zweiten Drehstellung.

Figur 5:

Schnittdarstellung der Transportscheibe gemäß Figur 3.

Figur 6:

Schnittdarstellung des Gehäuses gemäß Figur 4.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1:

Schematic representation of the front end of a water pipe of a quenching device with an associated metering device for the entry of hard bodies in the water pipe in emerging from the water pipe water jet.

FIG. 2:

Arrangement according to FIG. 1 at the exit of a hard body from the water pipe

FIG. 3:

Top view of a transport disk of the device according to the Figures 1 and 2 ,

FIG. 4:

Top view of a housing of the device according to the Figures 1 and 2 with a feed channel opening into the water pipe.

FIG. 4a

On the housing mounted transport disc in a first rotational position.

FIG. 4b:

On the housing mounted transport disc in a second rotational position.

FIG. 5:

Sectional view of the transport disk according to FIG. 3 ,

FIG. 6:

Sectional view of the housing according to FIG. 4 ,

The Figures 1 and 2 show the front end of a water pipe 1 of an extinguishing unit not shown below for extinguishing fires. The extinguishing unit can be formed in a known manner by a fire truck with a retractable and retractable ladder, the water pipe 1 is advantageously positioned on the ladder so that an operator from the ladder with the water pipe 1 can extinguish a fire.

The water pipe 1 is associated with a metering device 2, by means of which each of the water pipe 1 spherical hard body 3 can be supplied.

The metering device 2 has a reservoir in the form of a storage container 4, in which a supply of hard bodies 3 is mounted. By means of a singling unit 5, individual hard bodies 3 can be individually carried out of the storage container 4 and introduced into the water pipe 1. The separating unit 5 is actuated by an operating unit 6. With each operation, a hard body 3 is supplied to the water pipe 1.

FIG. 1 shows the standard function of the water pipe 1, in which on the water pipe 1, a water jet 7 is discharged to extinguish a fire.

In the event that a fire is to be deleted on a building or system on the outside of which photovoltaic modules of a photovoltaic system are located, extinguishing the fire there is a risk of electric shock and short circuits, since the arrangement of the photovoltaic modules with high voltages, typically up to 1000 volts is charged.

To avoid this risk, the photovoltaic modules are intentionally smashed at the beginning of the deletion process with the hard bodies 3. This will ever as required, a certain number of hard bodies 3 taken individually from the reservoir 4 and fed to the water pipe 1, so that the respective hard body 3 is guided with the water jet on the photovoltaic module to be smashed.

The entry of a hard body 3 in the water pipe 1 is advantageously carried out so that the water jet 7 is interrupted only briefly. The front end of the water pipe 1 forms an acceleration section, in which the hard body 3 is accelerated by the following water jet 7 to the speed of the water jet 7 and then in the same direction as the water jet 7 from the water pipe 1 exits ( FIG. 2 ) and is guided with this on the photovoltaic module. The path of the hard body 3 is thus predetermined by the water jet 7 and can be easily controlled by the operator.

The FIGS. 3 to 6 show the components of the separation unit 5 FIGS. 3 and 5 a transport disc 8. This transport disc 8 is rotatably mounted on a housing 9, which is the FIGS. 4 and 6 show in a single presentation. Finally, the show FIGS. 4a and 4b the seated on the housing 9 transport disc 8 in two different rotational positions.

The transport disk 8, which has a circular cross-section, is rotatably mounted with respect to its axis of symmetry S on the housing 9 and serves to remove hard body 3 individually from the storage container 4 in order to supply it to the water pipe 1 via a feed channel 10 in the housing 9.

For this purpose, on the one hand, the contour is adapted to the hard body 3 to be transported. In the present case, the transport disk 8, as shown FIG. 5 seen, the shape of a flat cone on. In general, other forms of transport disc 8, such as plano-convex, spherical, aspherical forms and the like are possible.

Furthermore, the transport disk 8 has a transport slot 11 which extends in the radial direction of the transport disk 8 and opens out at the edge of the transport disk 8. The origin of the transport slot 11 is laterally offset from the axis of symmetry, so that the length of the transport slot 11 is smaller than the radius of the transport disc 8. In the region of origin, the width of the transport slot 11 is slightly larger than the diameter of a hard body 3, so that there Hard body 3 can pass through the transport slot 11. The transport slot 11 then tapers towards the outlet continuously. The transport slot 11 is generally adapted to the hard body 3 to be conveyed. In this case, the transport slot 11 may also extend in the radial direction and spiral or the like. The radius of the transport disc 8 is adapted to the hard body 3. The radius of the transport disk 8 is preferably the six-to-eight-area radius of a hard body 3.

Particularly advantageously, the shape of the transport disc 8 may be formed so that during the rotation of the water jet 7 periodically interrupted with introduction of the hard body 3 in the water jet 7 and then released again, so that then a pulsating water jet 7 is obtained when the Hard body 3 are executed from the water pipe 1, which increases the impact effect of a hard body 3 on a target object.

Like from the FIGS. 4 . 4a . 4b and 6 it can be seen, the guided in the housing 9 feed channel 10 opens at its upper longitudinal end with a first bore 10a, on which the transport disc 8 is seated. This first bore 10a forms an outlet to the reservoir 4, so that when the transport slot 11 in front of the first bore 10a in a suitable manner (as in FIG. 4a shown), a hard body 3 is guided from the reservoir 4 into the feed channel 10. The feed channel 10 opens at a lower longitudinal end with a second bore 10b, in the water pipe 1, so a feed channel 10 guided hard body 3 can be transported into the water pipe 1.

The first bore 10a of the feed channel 10 is laterally offset from the axis of symmetry S of the transport disc 8 and also laterally offset from the second bore 10b. Thus, the feed channel 10 extending along a straight line runs both inclined to the axis of symmetry S and inclined to the longitudinal axis of the feed channel 10. The diameter of the feed channel 10 is slightly larger than the diameter of a hard body 3.

Within the water pipe 1 is a nozzle 12, which forms a local narrowing of the cross section of the water pipe 1. The nozzle 12 is arranged in the jet direction of the water jet 7 in front of the mouth of the feed channel 10 into the water pipe 1. Immediately in the jet direction of the nozzle 12, these discharge openings, not shown, can be arranged downstream, which can be opened or closed with valves or the like. The diameter of the nozzle 12 is smaller than the diameter of a hard body 3. In contrast, the diameter of the water pipe 1 in the region from the mouth of the feed channel 10 to the outlet of the water tube 1, on which a not separately shown mouthpiece can be arranged slightly larger than The diameter of a hard body 3. The diameter of the discharge openings is smaller than the diameter of the hard body. 3

How out FIG. 6 can be seen, a mechanical operating unit 6 is provided in the form of a hand crank in the present case. For single promotion of hard body 3 from the reservoir 4 in the feed channel 10, the hand crank is rotated counterclockwise. In the present case, the transport disc 8 is formed with its transport slot 11 so that one hard body 3 is supplied to the feed channel 10 per revolution of the hand crank. In principle, constructions are possible in such a way that several hard bodies 3 are conveyed per revolution of the hand crank.

Preferably, the hand crank has a lock that must be actively released to operate them. This eliminates accidental actuation of the hand crank.

In principle, a machine operating unit 6 with an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic drive can additionally be provided.

The function of the separation unit 5 according to the FIGS. 3 to 6 is such that in the in FIG. 4a shown first rotational position of the transport disc 8 of the transport slot 11, the first hole 10a of the feed channel 10 is free, so that from the singling unit 5, a hard body 3 is inserted into the feed channel 10. The introduction of the hard body 3 in the feed channel 10 is positively guided by gravity. Generally, instead of or in addition to gravity, a constraining force exerted by a magnet, an auxiliary water jet, pressing force, or a transfer gear may push the hard body 3 into the supply passage 10. With a suitable embodiment of the metering device 2 and the water pipe 7, the hard body 3 can also be sucked in (Venturi nozzle principle). The introduced into the feed channel 10 hard body 3 occupies the existing space and prevents the penetration of another hard body 3. The introduced into the feed channel 10 hard body 3 would remain without further rotation of the transport disc 8 at this position. However, since the transport disk 8 is further rotated immediately, the hard body 3 is further inserted into the feed channel 10. Since the diameter of the feed channel 10 is slightly larger than the diameter of the hard body 3, the respective hard body 3 is guided with a small clearance in the feed channel 10. By further rotation of the transport disk 8, the hard body 3 is pressed further down in the feed channel 10 until the in FIG. 4b shown second rotational position of the transport disc 8 is reached. Then, the transport slot 11 is oriented so that the hard body 3 is released in the direction of the water pipe 1. Since then the transport disk 8 is rotated further and thereby the supply channel 10 is closed, the hard body 3 is pressed into the water pipe 1 by the transport disk 8. By the closure effect the transport disc 8, an import of water into the feed channel 10 is avoided. This effect is assisted by the relief openings, which are briefly opened upon introduction of the hard body 3 into the water pipe 1, so that water which flows back through the rebound on the hard body 3 can escape via this. Thereafter, the discharge openings are either closed again or remain open. The nachdrängende water jet 7 accelerates the hard body 3 in the water pipe 1 to the mouth, that is, this part of the water pipe 1 forms an acceleration section, so that the hard body 3 is then guided at the speed of the water jets on the target object.

The functionality of the water pipe 1 can be increased, that in the feed channel 10, an insertion opening, not shown, is present, via which foam, optionally with air, can be inserted. Thus, if no hard body 3 is conveyed, foam can be added to the water jet 7. The water pipe 1 then forms a triple jet pipe.

The functionality of the water pipe 1 can be further increased by the fact that at the outlet at the front end of the water pipe 1, a jet baffle is arranged by means of which a spray water jet short range can be generated. The water pipe 1 then forms a quadruple jet pipe. The jet baffle is arranged on the water pipe 1 that it is removed, in particular folded away when a hard body 3 is performed from the water pipe 1, whereby damage to the jet baffle can be avoided.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(1)

water pipe

(2)

metering

(3)

hard body

(4)

reservoir

(5)

separation unit

(6)

operating unit

(7)

waterjet

(8th)

transport disk

(9)

casing

(10)

feed

(10a)

first hole

(10b)

second hole

(11)

transport slot

(12)

jet

Claims (11)

An apparatus for extinguishing fires in buildings and plants with existing there photovoltaic modules, for deleting a jet of water (7) from a water pipe (1) is guided, characterized in that the water pipe (1) has a metering device (2) having a separating unit (5 ), by means of which individual hard bodies (3) are fed to the water pipe (1) which emerge from the water pipe (1) with the water jet (7) and with which the photovoltaic modules can be smashed, the separating unit (5) forming a transport disk (8), by the actuation of a single supply of hard bodies (3) in the water pipe (1). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport disc (8) has a transport slot (11) and is rotatably mounted on a housing (9) in which a feed channel (10) extends, which at a longitudinal end with a first bore (10). 10a) in a reservoir for the storage of hard bodies (3) opens, and at the second longitudinal end with a second bore (10b) opens into the water pipe (1), wherein in a first rotational position of the transport disc (8) only a hard body (3 ) is introduced from the reservoir via the transport slot (11) in the feed channel (10), and in a second rotational position of the transport disc (8) of the hard body (3) via the transport slot (11) from the feed channel (10) into the water pipe ( 1) is introduced. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the transport disc (8) laterally offset from the feed channel (10) is arranged adjacent to this, and that the longitudinal axis of the feed channel (10) inclined to the longitudinal axis of the water pipe (1) and inclined to the axis of rotation perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the water pipe (1) extending axis of rotation, wherein the second bore (10b) of the feed channel (10) laterally offset from the axis of rotation of the transport disc (8). Device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the transport slot (11) extends in the radial direction of the transport disc (8) and opens out at its edge, wherein the transport slot (11) from a laterally offset to the axis of rotation of the transport disc (8 ), the width of the transport slot (11) in the region of the origin is slightly larger than the diameter of a hard body (3). Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that in the first rotational position, a hard body (3) by gravity and / or a constraining force in the feed channel (10) is pressed. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that between the first and second rotational position of the feed channel (10) with the transport disc (8) is closed. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that during the movement of the transport disc (8) from the second rotational position of the hard body (3) is pressed into the water pipe (1). Device according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that arranged in the beam direction of the water jet (7) before the opening of the feed channel (10) in the water pipe (1) in that a nozzle (12). Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that in the jet direction of the water jet (7) directly behind the nozzle (12) discharge openings are arranged. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the transport disc (8) by means of a manual control unit (6) and optionally additionally by means of a machine control unit (6) is actuated. Device according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that in the feed channel (10) an insertion opening is provided, via which foam or foaming agents can be introduced.

Images