EP2445782A2 - Hochauftriebssystem eines flugzeugs, flugzeugsystem und propeller-flugzeug mit einem hochauftriebssystem - Google Patents
Hochauftriebssystem eines flugzeugs, flugzeugsystem und propeller-flugzeug mit einem hochauftriebssystemInfo
- Publication number
- EP2445782A2 EP2445782A2 EP10714587A EP10714587A EP2445782A2 EP 2445782 A2 EP2445782 A2 EP 2445782A2 EP 10714587 A EP10714587 A EP 10714587A EP 10714587 A EP10714587 A EP 10714587A EP 2445782 A2 EP2445782 A2 EP 2445782A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lift
- drive
- altitude
- aircraft
- function
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C13/00—Control systems or transmitting systems for actuating flying-control surfaces, lift-increasing flaps, air brakes, or spoilers
- B64C13/02—Initiating means
- B64C13/16—Initiating means actuated automatically, e.g. responsive to gust detectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C9/00—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders
- B64C9/14—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots
- B64C9/16—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots at the rear of the wing
- B64C9/18—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots at the rear of the wing by single flaps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high-lift system of an aircraft, an aircraft system and a propeller aircraft with a high-lift system.
- tail stall depends on dynamic and unsteady angles of attack of the flight condition of the aircraft.As a particularly critical maneuvers, which implicitly include the danger of tail stable, so-called push-over maneuvers have proven The real danger arises when in these critical maneuvers the stall angle is exceeded, it comes to a tearing of the flow at the tail, so that in the prior art with a corresponding design of the elevator and at a corresponding deflection of the same the aircraft can not be brought into a safe attitude.
- the aim of the fin design is therefore to maintain a sufficiently large safety margin (tail stall margin) from the stall angle in predefined flight states.
- tail stall margin a sufficiently large safety margin
- the building regulations have no direct requirements regarding the tail house. In principle, however, it is demanded (CS 25.143 General) that the aircraft must be safely controllable and manoeuvrable in all flight phases. If there is a risk that a Negative Tail Stall may occur during certain maneuvers, it must be demonstrated that the aircraft remains maneuverable despite flow separation, or has been designed so that it can not reach a tail shed with sufficient safety.
- the object of the invention is to provide an efficient measure on a high-lift system of an aircraft, an aircraft system and an aircraft with a high-lift system with which the risk of stalling on the horizontal stabilizer is minimized and aviation safety is increased.
- a stabilization measure can be taken in two different scenarios:
- the proposed measures according to the invention against excessive limitation of the aircraft against a tail stable is due to the design of the Control function for adjusting the high-lift flaps, after which an automatic retraction of the flaps takes place in certain critical flight conditions, in order to reduce the downdraft on the horizontal stabilizer.
- the proposed solution according to the invention not only has the advantage that it has no influence on the weight of the aircraft, but also has the advantage that it can be specially adapted to the specific aerodynamic design of the aircraft and specially optimized for this.
- the solution provided by the prior art can only partially compensate for the risk of a stall on the tailplane.
- the activation function takes into account an engine thrust limit and, depending on whether a commanded engine thrust is above this engine thrust limit, the high-lift flap enters, specific aerodynamic effects can be prevented, which can occur at extended high-lift flaps.
- a high-lift system of an aircraft which has in particular:
- a drive device with a drive function for generating control commands for adjusting the adjustment state of the lift doors
- a drive device coupled to the high lift flaps, configured to adjust the high lift flaps between a retracted position and an extended position due to drive commands
- the drive function generates and sends command commands based on input values to the drive device for adjusting the high lift doors.
- control function in particular has a function for automatically retracting the high-lift flap in Flight, which is designed such that it generates in a flight state in which the high-lift flap occupies an extended position, taking into account a thrust of the engine and a minimum flight altitude, a drive command, after which enters the high lift flap.
- control function in particular has a function for automatically retracting the high-lift flap in flight, which is designed such that this starting from a flight condition in which the high-lift flap an extended position between 80 and 100% of the maximum Extended position, generates a drive command, after which the high lift flap enters an extended position between 30 and 80% of the maximum extension position when predetermined conditions of the drive function are met, the conditions are designed as follows:
- the drive function receives a value for the current engine thrust that reaches an engine thrust limit
- the drive function receives a value for the current altitude that exceeds a predetermined altitude minimum altitude flight altitude threshold, the altitude altitude limit being at least 20 m.
- the engine thrust limit may be defined with a value greater than 50% of the maximum thrust of the engine.
- the current engine thrust can in particular be a target specification for the engine thrust or a determined or measured engine thrust.
- the function for automatically retracting the high-lift flap takes into account the following values: a recent engine boost,
- the conditions for the generation of the drive command for driving in the high-lift flap are designed as follows:
- the drive function receives a value for the current engine thrust that exceeds an engine thrust threshold, with the engine thrust threshold defined at a value that is between 40% and 90% of the maximum engine thrust,
- the drive function receives a value for the current altitude that exceeds a given altitude limit for a minimum flight altitude above ground, the altitude limit being at least 20 m,
- the drive function receives a value for elevator command that exceeds a predetermined elevator command limit, with the elevator command limit in the range between 50 and 100% of the elevator maximum extension position.
- the proposed solutions according to the invention allow a detailed adaptation even at a very late time of aircraft development, since this requires no constructive action. This circumstance measurably reduces the development risk and, in a reasonable framework, allows for flexibility during aircraft development. Reducing the operating costs of an aircraft outweighs the increase in complexity of the S / W and thus the one-off costs for aircraft development significantly.
- the control function implemented in B / W monitors relevant aircraft parameters, evaluates them and generates a command for retracting the flaps.
- the drive device and the external sources are provided redundantly for the values or signals used by the drive device.
- an aircraft system with a high-lift system according to the invention is provided.
- a propeller aircraft is provided with the aircraft system according to the invention and / or with the high-lift system according to the invention.
- the propeller aircraft may be an aircraft in that the propeller engines are mounted on the wings.
- the propeller aircraft can in particular be a high-decker.
- the function according to the invention can be used advantageously, since the risk of a stall on the horizontal stabilizer with the consequence of a so-called "negative tail stalls" especially in the high lift configuration (with flaps extended) in which the elevator produces a strong downforce
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an aircraft with a functional representation of an embodiment of the high-lift system according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a functional representation of another embodiment of the high-lift system according to the invention for adjusting high-lift flaps with a drive device;
- FIG. 3 shows a functional representation of a further exemplary embodiment of the high-lift system according to the invention for adjusting high-lift flaps with a drive device;
- FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a data communication system for communication between two activation functions of a high-lift system, an engine control system, a sensor device for determining the altitude over ground and a flight control device;
- FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a data communication system for communication between two activation functions of a high-lift system, an engine control system, a sensor device for ascertaining the flight altitude over ground and a flight control device;
- FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a data communication system for communication between two activation functions of a high-lift system, an engine control system, a sensor device for ascertaining the flying altitude over ground and a flight control device;
- Figure 7 shows an embodiment of a data communication system for communication between two control functions of a high-lift system and two sensor devices for determining the altitude above ground.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a controlled aircraft F with two wings 10a, 10b.
- the wings 10a, 10b each have at least one aileron 1 1a or 11b and at least one trailing edge flap 14a, 14b.
- the wings 10a, 10b may each have a plurality of spoilers and / or slats.
- the rudder 20 may be formed, for example, as a T-tail or cross-tail.
- the aircraft F can in particular a Propeller aircraft with propeller engines be P. In this case, provision can be made in particular for the propeller aircraft to be fitted with the propeller engines P on the aerofoils 10a, 10b, as shown in FIG.
- the propeller aircraft F can be a high-decker.
- the aircraft F or a flight guidance system FF comprises a flight control device 50 and an air data sensor device 51 functionally connected to the flight control device 50 for acquiring flight state data including the barometric altitude, ambient temperature, flow velocity, angle of attack and glide angle of the aircraft. Furthermore, the aircraft has a height measuring device 53 for determining the height of the aircraft F over ground. Furthermore, the aircraft may have a sensor device with sensors and in particular inertial sensors for detecting the rotation rates of the aircraft (not shown). For this purpose, the flight control device 50 has a receiving device for receiving the sensor values detected by the sensor device and transmitted to the flight control device 50.
- a control input device 55 is functionally connected to the flight control device 50, with the control commands in the form of target specifications for the control of the aircraft F generated and to the
- Flight control device 50 are transmitted.
- the control input device 55 may include a manual input device.
- the control input device 55 may also include an autopilot device, which generates control commands in the form of target specifications for controlling the aircraft F automatically on the basis of sensor values that are transmitted from the sensor devices to the control input device 55 and to the Flight control device 50 transmitted.
- control flaps such as the spoilers, slats, trailing edge flaps 14a, 14b, the Seiteruder and / or the elevator 22, if one of these or one or more are provided, at least one actuator and / or a drive device is assigned. In particular, it can be provided that one of these control flaps is assigned in each case an actuator. Also, several can Control flaps of an actuator or each of an actuator, which are driven by a drive device to be coupled to their adjustment. This can be provided, in particular, trailing edge flaps 14a, 14b and, if present, at the slats 13a, 13b.
- the flight control device 50 has a control function that receives sensor values from the control input device 55 control commands and from the sensor device and in particular from the air data sensor device 51.
- the control function is carried out in such a way that it generates control commands for the actuators as a function of the control commands or desired specifications and the detected and received sensor values and transmits them to them, so that control of the aircraft F according to the control commands takes place by actuation of the actuators.
- the aircraft according to the invention or the high-lift system HAS according to the invention has in particular:
- control and monitoring device or drive device 60 having a control function for generating control commands for adjusting the adjustment state of the high-lift flaps 14a, 14b,
- a drive device 63 coupled to the high lift flaps 14a, 14b and configured to cause the high lift flaps 14a, 14b to move between a retracted position and an extended position due to drive commands;
- the drive function generates and sends command commands based on input values to the drive device 63 for adjusting the high lift doors.
- FIG. 2 An embodiment of the high-lift system HAS will be described with reference to Figure 2, the four high-lift flaps or flaps A1, A2; B1 B2, but generally on a main wing adjustable flaps or having aerodynamic bodies.
- two flaps per wing which is not shown in the illustration of Figure 1, shown.
- an inner landing flap A1 and an outer flap A2 on a first wing and an inner flap B1 and an outer flap B2 on a second wing are shown.
- fewer or more than two flaps per wing may be provided.
- the high lift system HAS is actuated and controlled via a pilot interface, which in particular comprises an actuator 56, such as an operator. having an actuating lever.
- the actuator 56 is associated with or associated with the control input device 55 and is operatively coupled to the control and monitoring device 50 or drive device 60 with the control function for generating control commands or commands for adjusting the displacement state of the high lift flaps.
- the control and monitoring device 50 or the control device 60 transmits control commands via a control line 8 for controlling a central drive unit 7.
- the drive device 63 is formed as a central drive device or drive unit, so that the positioning commands or control commands are received from the control input device 55 via the control and monitoring device 50 or directly from the control input device 55 via a drive line 68 Control of a central drive unit 63 are transmitted.
- the central, ie arranged in the trunk area drive unit 63 has at least one drive motor whose output power to drive rotary shafts W1, W2 are transmitted.
- the two drive rotary shafts W1, W2 are each coupled to the actuation of the at least one flap A1, A2 or B1, B2 per wing to the central drive unit 63.
- the two drive rotary shafts W1, W2 are coupled to the central drive unit 63 and are synchronized with each other.
- the central drive unit 63 sets the drive rotary shafts W ⁇ , W2 in rotation for the purpose of actuating movements of the adjustment devices of the respective flap coupled thereto.
- a torque limiter T may be integrated.
- two Versteil- devices are provided at each flap A1, A2 and B1, B2.
- Each of the drive rotary shafts W1, W2 is coupled to a respective one of the adjusting devices.
- each of the adjusting devices A11, A12, B11, B12, A21, A22, B21, B22 has a transmission gear 20, an adjustment kinematics 21 and a position sensor 22.
- the transmission gear 20 is mechanically coupled to the respective drive rotary shafts 11, 12 and converts a rotational movement of the respective drive rotary shafts 11, 12 in an adjusting movement of the flap area, with the respective adjusting devices A11, A12, B11, B12, A21 , A22, B21, B22 is coupled.
- a position sensor 22 is arranged, which determines the current position of the respective flap and sends this position value via a line not shown to the driving device 60.
- FIG. 3 shows an alternative high-lift system according to the invention.
- the drive device-unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is formed as a central drive device or drive unit. Instead, each flap A1, A2; B1 B2 by means of a respective associated drive device PA1, PA2, PB1, PB2 adjustable between a retracted position and a plurality of extended positions.
- the adjusting system or high-lift system HAS shown in FIG. 3 is provided for adjusting at least one landing flap on each wing.
- Each drive unit is associated with each aerodynamic body or each flap, the drive devices PA1 and PB1 being coupled to the inner flaps A1, B1, and the drive devices PA2 and PB2 being coupled to the outer flaps A2, B2.
- the driving devices PA1, PA2, PB1, PB2 can be actuated and controlled automatically or via a pilot interface with an input device 155, which in particular has an actuating member such as an actuating lever.
- the pilot interface 155 is operably coupled to the control and monitoring device 160.
- the control and monitoring device 160 is operatively associated with each drive device PA1, PA2, PB1, PB2, each aerodynamic body A1, A2; B1, B2 are each assigned a drive device PA1, PA2, PB1, PB2.
- Each of the drive connections 151, 152 is coupled to an adjustment mechanism 121.
- Each of the drive devices PA1, PA2, PB1, PB2 may in particular comprise at least one drive motor and at least one brake device (not shown) to stop and supply the outputs of the respective first and second drive motors, respectively, to a corresponding command by the control and monitoring device 160 lock when a corresponding error has been detected by the control and monitoring device 160.
- each flap A1, A2 and B1, B2 are at least two adjusting devices A11, A12, A21, A22; B11, B12, B21, B22, each having flap kinematics.
- To each of the adjusting devices A11, A12, A21, A22; B11, B12, B21, B22 is in each case one of the two drive connections 151, 152 coupled, which in turn are each coupled to one of the drive devices PA1, PA2, PB1, PB2.
- two adjusting devices are arranged on each flap, specifically the adjusting devices A11, A12 and B11, B12 on the inner flaps A1 and B1 and the adjusting devices A21 on the outer flaps A2, B2.
- each of the adjusting devices A11, A12, B11, B12, A21, A22, B21, B22 can each be assigned a transmission gear 120, an adjustment kinematics 121 and a position sensor 122.
- Transmission gear 120 may be realized by a spindle drive or a rotary actuator.
- the transmission gear 120 is mechanically coupled to the respective rotary shaft drive train 151 or 152 and converts a rotational movement of the respective drive train 151 or 152 into an adjustment movement of the flap region, which is coupled to the respective adjustment mechanism.
- the aircraft control input device 55 includes an engine thrust input device (not shown in the figures) that can command engine thrust setpoints that are sent to an engine driver to control the engine thrust to be generated by the aircraft engines adjust. It can be provided that the engine thrust target specifications are entered by a manual input and / or by an autopilot function of the aircraft system. According to the invention, it is provided that the engine thrust input device is functionally connected to the drive device of the high-lift system HAS such that the engine thrust target specifications or the measured engine thrust are transmitted to the drive device 60, 160.
- the driving function of the driving device or control and monitoring device 60, 160 has a function of automatically retracting the high-lift flap 14a, 14b, which is designed to be in an extended state in which the high-lift flap 14a, 14b is in an extended position taking into account an engine thrust and a minimum altitude generates a control command, after which the high-lift flap 14a, 14b enters.
- the function for automatically retracting the high-lift flap 14a, 14b may be designed such that it generates a control command, starting from a flight state in which the high-lift flap 14a, 14b assumes an extended position between 80 and 100% of the maximum retracted position, after which the high-lift flap 14a, 14b in an extended position by at least 10% and eg between 30 and 80% of the maximum Retracts position when predetermined conditions of the drive function are met, the conditions are as follows:
- the drive function receives a value for the current engine thrust that reaches an engine thrust limit
- the drive function receives a value for the current altitude that exceeds a predetermined altitude minimum altitude flight altitude threshold, the altitude altitude limit being at least 20 m.
- the engine thrust limit is defined with a value that is greater than 50% of the maximum thrust of the engine.
- those for the retraction of the high lift flap are independent of a target specification for the elevator.
- the landing flap is automatically retracted to the required angle at a sufficient altitude with a high landing flap angle and high engine thrust.
- the function for automatic retraction of the high-lift flap 14a, 14b takes into account the following values: a recent engine boost,
- the conditions for the generation of the drive command for driving in the high lift flap may be designed as follows:
- the drive function receives a value for the current engine thrust that exceeds an engine thrust threshold, with the engine thrust threshold defined at a value that is between 40% and 90% of the maximum engine thrust,
- the drive function receives a value for the current altitude that exceeds a given altitude limit for a minimum flight altitude above ground, the altitude limit being at least 20 m,
- the elevator function receives a command value for the elevator that exceeds a predetermined elevator command limit, the elevator command limit being in the range between 50 and 100% of the elevator's maximum extension position, i.e., the elevator command. in the direction of commanding an increase in the negative angle of attack of the aircraft.
- the control inputs to the primary control surfaces cause the aircraft to be pushed back to quickly reach a high negative angle of attack of the aircraft.
- a high negative angle of attack on the tailplane develops very quickly.
- the flaps are automatically retracted by the required angle when the following parameters are processed to ensure a safe, automatic retraction of the flaps in this scenario:
- the landing flap is automatically retracted by the required angle at high flap angle and medium to high engine thrust and a high control input to the elevator.
- the extended position of the high lift flap or the high lift flap is determined by sensors that detect the current position of the respective high lift flap.
- a respective commanded engine thrust can be used, so that it is determined as a target specification of sensors that detect the current position of an engine thrust input device.
- the current engine thrust can alternatively or additionally be derived from a sensor value that is detected at the engine.
- the sensor value of a radar altimeter can be used.
- the sensor value of a height determination by a satellite navigation sensor can be used.
- a sensor device can be used, which detects the position of the input means on an input means of the input device 55, 155 for commanding the movement of the elevator, eg a pilot stick.
- the sensor device can furthermore have a function with which the target specification for the movement or position of the elevator commanded by the input device is determined so that, according to the invention, the value for the movement of the elevator in a direction which causes a negative pitching motion also the target specification can be used.
- a failure of the function due to internal system errors or missing data in the cockpit is displayed because then the pilot must avoid situations with danger of a tail shackle by a corresponding control of the aircraft.
- the activation function can be implemented with measures to increase the safety of the high-lift system for the following reasons:
- a failure of the function without display in the cockpit can have potentially catastrophic consequences (negative tail stall on the tailplane).
- the high-lift system according to the invention can be designed such that the input signals required for the execution of the driving function according to the invention are supplied redundantly to the drive device with the drive function to ensure the safety of the presence of the Increase input signals.
- the interfaces of the drive device 60, 160 for the transmission are accordingly provided
- an aircraft system with a high-lift system can furthermore be provided, in which one or more of the sensor values
- the data is provided via separate paths and, in particular, via different transmission media or the same Transmission medium, but then transmitted via a physically separated transmission link.
- aircraft system according to the invention can comprise:
- an aircraft system having a high lift system with a drive device whose automatic retraction function of the high lift flap 14a, 14b uses a value for an adjustment state or movement or a command signal for adjusting the elevator in a negative pitch direction direction may be provided in that at least two sensor devices are used to determine such a value.
- the positioning speed of the flaps can additionally be taken into account. Thereafter, it can be provided in the aircraft system according to the invention or the high-lift system that in case of failure, the actuating chain of the generation of the generation of the sensor values to be entered into the control function via the generation of control commands by means of the control function and the operation of the high-lift flaps in a reduced mode with reduced actuating speed Movement of the high-lift flaps remains available if a sufficiently rapid effect can be achieved to avoid the negative tail stalls.
- the actuation function of the drive device 60, 160 carries out the following steps: Recording and evaluation of data from external data sources and in particular the sensor devices for determining an extension position of the high lift flap, an engine thrust, a height above ground and / or an adjustment state or a movement or a command signal for adjusting the elevator, comprising performing a data input, a test error-free transmission from the respective external source or sensor device, a plausibility check, and the exclusion of the presence of erroneous data;
- the recording and evaluation of data from external data sources and in particular the sensor devices can be realized in various ways, in particular with regard to the integrity or reliability of the aircraft system with the high-lift system. Exemplary embodiments of such an aircraft system are described below:
- a drive function for automatically retracting the high lift door 14a, 14b is implemented on a respective computer and a plurality of computers each having such a drive function are provided.
- a drive device 60 or 160 has two computers, each with a drive function, so that the drive function is implemented twice redundantly.
- each drive device 201 or 202 of the high-lift system receives the input signals required for the execution of the respective drive function redundantly, ie in each case from at least two independent sources via separate connection lines.
- the respectively provided connecting lines or data connection can be realized in various ways, wherein in the figures 4, 5 and 6 each alternatively embodiments of the data connection are shown, wherein each high-lift system shown in each case control device 201 and 202 has.
- the high-lift system may also have more than two activation devices 201 and 202, respectively. In this case, the illustrated data connections are to be modified analogously.
- each controller In the connection of redundant input signals shown in FIG. 4 to the activation devices 201 and 202, the external data is connected to each controller via physically separate data connections, such that each engine control system 210, each sensor device 220 and each flight control device 230 to each drive device 201, 202 each have a connection line is provided.
- Control devices 201 and 202 according to the figure 5, the connection of the external data to each controller via discrete data connections, ie via a separate path, i. a respective different transmission medium or over the same transmission medium but physically separated data connection, wherein from each external source in each case a data connection to a first drive device 201 and a second data connection to a second drive device 202 extends.
- the aircraft system includes two or more units of engine control system 210, sensor device 220 for sensing the altitude of the aircraft over ground, and / or flight control device 230
- the data link of each one of these devices may be one only to one of the drive devices 201 and 202, for example can be provided
- a data connection from one of the redundant units of the flight control device 230 to a first activation device 201 and a further data connection from the other of the redundant units of the flight control device 230 to a second activation device 202 run.
- one of the drive devices 201 and 202 is connected to only a part of the redundant units and in particular only one unit each of redundant external sources. This halves the interface complexity for each control device 201 or 202.
- the invention provides that the data is physically separated over one discrete data connection line, ie via a separate path, ie a different transmission medium or the same transmission medium Data connection to the other drive devices 201 and 202, respectively.
- Each of the driver devices 201 and 202 uses the data passed from the other driver 202 and 201, respectively, to check the plausibility and correctness of the input signals from the other systems by means of the redundancy.
- This infrastructure is useful when performing the auto-functions is only effective when both drivers 201 and 202 are operations.
- the interface complexity at the drive devices 201 and 202 is reduced.
- the external data is connected to a first of the activation devices 201 or 202 via discrete data connections, ie via a separate path, ie a different transmission medium or via the respective transmission medium same transmission medium but physically separated data connection to the other drive devices, so that a connection line of each redundant unit of the engine control system 210, the sensor device 220 and the flight control device 230 of the first drive device 201, 202 is provided by means of a respective connecting line.
- the second drive devices 202 are coupled in a slave function via a data bus to the first drive devices 201.
- the connection of all external data to the drive devices 201 and 202 is realized via a master-slave architecture.
- a drive device 201 takes over the recording and evaluation of all data and gives that Command to perform the function to the other drive device 202 on.
- This embodiment of the aircraft system or the drive device 63, 163 has a reduced reliability compared to the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, since in the event of failure of the first drive device 201, the activation function can no longer be performed.
- an evaluation of the data from the external sources takes place with regard to the presence of transmission errors and plausibility.
- a simple redundancy of the data via two separate paths is sufficient.
- AFDX and ARINC429 can be used.
- various parameters can be used to make a statement about transmission errors or usability of the incoming data: Examples are:
- Error detection must be confirmed for an appropriate period of time to get a robust estimate of the validity of the data. During this time, invalid input data for further processing in the function must be replaced by last valid input data. In order to check the plausibility of the incoming data, the deviation of the same data, which are sent and received via different paths, is evaluated.
- the maximum allowable discrepancy is composed of the tolerance of the signal and the time offset of the signals over different paths multiplied by the maximum rate of change of the signal.
- the sensor device 220 for ascertaining the altitude of the aircraft above ground is formed from two radar altitude controllers which are not synchronous work.
- one of the redundant drive devices 201 of the high-lift system HAS receives a radar altitude signal from a radar altitude controller.
- the received signal is sent to the other driver 202, respectively.
- Each drive device 201 or 202 can compare the signal forwarded by the respective other drive device 202 or 201 with the signal received directly from the radar altitude system.
- the maximum rate of climb may be 200ft / s.
- Altitude measurement takes place at intervals of 28 ms.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the different signal paths and signal propagation times (entered in FIG. 7 respectively) for the radar altitude signal to and within the high-lift system by the transit times of the signals received from the radar altitude controllers 131, 132 a first drive device 201 or 202 are shown, are shown. From each radar height controller 131, 132, a transmission of the measurement signal to an input data acquisition 133 or 134 takes place. From there, the measurement signals are transmitted to a data forwarding 135 or 136. The radar height controllers are not synchronized.
- a discrepancy of 25 ft has to be allowed. Any difference between the two received signals that exceeds this value is considered an error.
- the received data can not be used further. In order to obtain a robust statement about a faulty data source, the discrepancy must also be confirmed several times.
- the transfer function is performed with a cycle time that ensures that each calculation cycle is performed on new data.
- the fulfillment of the condition for intervening the function must be confirmed several times to guarantee a robust behavior.
- the number of confirmations must also be kept as low as possible.
- the drive function for automatically retracting the high lift flap 14a, 14b on the one hand satisfies the conditions regarding the engine thrust and a minimum altitude and optionally the adjustment state or a movement of the elevator 22 or a command signal for adjusting the elevator 22 checked.
- conditions are examined that are based on the requirements of the function.
- the extension movement is commanded by the control function until can be sent from both radar height controller information about the radar height to the driving device 201 or 202 at the same time, which differ only by a maximum of a predetermined difference from each other.
- the information about the state of the other drive device of the high-lift system must be obtained via the communication between the two drive devices 201 and 202, respectively.
- the mode of action described with reference to the radar altitude controllers 131, 132 may be provided according to the invention for each external redundantly realized source, that is to say in particular also for redundant units of an engine control system 210 and / or redundant units of a flight control device 230.
- a test can also be provided to determine that the power supply for the drive supply is sufficient. For example, if there is no hydraulic pressure to supply a hydraulically powered drive, no command to retract the damper will be generated. If these conditions are no longer met, it may be provided that a Retraction of the flaps is possible only by active intervention of the pilot. For this purpose, this manual input function must be assigned priority over any further functions that may be available. Furthermore, an indication must be generated for the pilot, which makes an intervention of the function and a possible reaction of his turn visible. After a restart of the controller, for example after a power failure, safe conditions must prevail in the system. Commands to retract the flaps generated before the restart may not be canceled without expecting an action from the pilot. For this purpose, system information must be evaluated to estimate whether or not a command has been created before the restart.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US16977409P | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | |
| DE102009017653A DE102009017653A1 (de) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Hochauftriebssystem eines Flugzeugs, Flugzeugsystem und Propeller-Flugzeug mit einem Hochauftriebssystem |
| PCT/EP2010/002358 WO2010118886A2 (de) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-04-16 | Hochauftriebssystem eines flugzeugs, flugzeugsystem und propeller-flugzeug mit einem hochauftriebssystem |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2445782A2 true EP2445782A2 (de) | 2012-05-02 |
Family
ID=42751045
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10714587A Withdrawn EP2445782A2 (de) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-04-16 | Hochauftriebssystem eines flugzeugs, flugzeugsystem und propeller-flugzeug mit einem hochauftriebssystem |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120032030A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2445782A2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN102458983B (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2758461A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102009017653A1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2011146418A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010118886A2 (de) |
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| US9327824B2 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2016-05-03 | The Boeing Company | Adjustment of wings for variable camber for optimum take-off and landing |
| EP2695810B1 (de) | 2012-08-09 | 2016-10-19 | Airbus Operations GmbH | Antriebssystem zur Steuerung von Oberflächen eines Flugzeugs |
| CN103287574B (zh) * | 2013-01-05 | 2015-07-01 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | 一种飞机增升装置控制方法 |
| US9193440B2 (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-11-24 | The Boeing Company | Variable camber flap system and method |
| US9327827B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2016-05-03 | The Boeing Company | Leading and trailing edge device deflections during descent of an aircraft |
| US9771141B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2017-09-26 | The Boeing Company | Leading edge system and method for approach noise reduction |
| US9359065B2 (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2016-06-07 | The Boeing Company | System and method for optimizing performance of an aircraft |
| US9296475B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2016-03-29 | The Boeing Company | System and method for reducing the stopping distance of an aircraft |
| US9180962B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2015-11-10 | The Boeing Company | Leading edge variable camber system and method |
| US9656741B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2017-05-23 | The Boeing Company | Control interface for leading and trailing edge devices |
| CN103863563B (zh) * | 2014-03-24 | 2017-03-01 | 王维军 | 一种可垂直/短距起降的鸭式布局飞机 |
| US9821903B2 (en) | 2014-07-14 | 2017-11-21 | The Boeing Company | Closed loop control of aircraft control surfaces |
| FR3030126B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-10 | 2017-01-13 | Thales Sa | Systeme de transmission d'information avioniques |
| US20170023946A1 (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-01-26 | Goodrich Corporation | Flight control system with dual redundant lidar |
| RU2670161C1 (ru) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-10-18 | Борис Никифорович Сушенцев | Самолет (варианты) |
| US10934017B2 (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2021-03-02 | Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation | Prognostic health monitoring for use with an aircraft |
| CN108382565B (zh) * | 2018-03-22 | 2024-03-22 | 北航(四川)西部国际创新港科技有限公司 | 襟翼自动调节飞行器 |
| RU2694478C1 (ru) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-07-15 | Борис Никифорович Сушенцев | Крыло с изменяемыми аэродинамическими характеристиками и самолет (варианты) |
| DE102020111810A1 (de) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-04 | Volocopter Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Fluggeräts, Flugsteuerungssystem für ein Fluggerät und Fluggerät mit einem solchen |
| US11787526B2 (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-10-17 | Electra Aero, Inc. | System and method for lift augmentation of aircraft wings |
| US11932412B2 (en) | 2022-01-05 | 2024-03-19 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for providing reduced flaps takeoff and landing advice |
| US11846953B2 (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-12-19 | Electra Aero, Inc. | System and method for controlling differential thrust of a blown lift aircraft |
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2010
- 2010-04-16 US US13/264,393 patent/US20120032030A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-04-16 RU RU2011146418/11A patent/RU2011146418A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-04-16 CA CA2758461A patent/CA2758461A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-04-16 CN CN201080026035.2A patent/CN102458983B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-04-16 EP EP10714587A patent/EP2445782A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-04-16 WO PCT/EP2010/002358 patent/WO2010118886A2/de not_active Ceased
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2758461A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
| RU2011146418A (ru) | 2013-05-27 |
| CN102458983A (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
| WO2010118886A2 (de) | 2010-10-21 |
| WO2010118886A3 (de) | 2011-03-31 |
| US20120032030A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
| CN102458983B (zh) | 2015-10-21 |
| DE102009017653A1 (de) | 2010-10-21 |
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