EP2443265B1 - Verfahren zur hestellung eines metallischen werkstückes mit eingebautem verstärkungsring aus fasern - Google Patents

Verfahren zur hestellung eines metallischen werkstückes mit eingebautem verstärkungsring aus fasern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2443265B1
EP2443265B1 EP10738003.2A EP10738003A EP2443265B1 EP 2443265 B1 EP2443265 B1 EP 2443265B1 EP 10738003 A EP10738003 A EP 10738003A EP 2443265 B1 EP2443265 B1 EP 2443265B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavity
winding
blank
metal
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10738003.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2443265A1 (de
Inventor
Patrick Dunleavy
Jean-Michel Patrick Maurice Franchet
Gilles Charles Casimir Klein
Richard Masson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Landing Systems SAS
Original Assignee
Messier Bugatti Dowty SA
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Publication of EP2443265A1 publication Critical patent/EP2443265A1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/04—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by coating, e.g. with a protective or activated covering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
    • C22C47/062—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element from wires or filaments only
    • C22C47/064—Winding wires
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/4932—Turbomachine making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336—Blade making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336—Blade making
    • Y10T29/49337—Composite blade
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49481—Wheel making
    • Y10T29/4949—Material winding, e.g., reel, spool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49801—Shaping fiber or fibered material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metal part having an annular portion including a coaxial annular fiber reinforcement, in the form of a coil of composite material enclosed in a metal matrix.
  • the invention relates more particularly to the manufacture of such a piece with improved strength. It also relates to a metal part enclosing such a coaxial annular reinforcement, see for example DE-A-10 2004 001 262 .
  • the ceramic is, for example, silicon carbide wire which has a tensile or compressive strength greater than that of a metal, such as titanium for example.
  • the document FR 2,886,290 proposes to carry out the winding directly on a part of the blank forming the winding mandrel. It is therefore an "external" winding of the most classic. More precisely, this part has two shoulders. The radially innermost shoulder forms a lateral bearing surface for the winding. The adjacent cylindrical portion forms the base surface on which the winding is made. It has a rectangular shape in right cross section. After winding, complete the blank by complementary metal parts, including an outer ring and a side cover having a pin coming into contact with the winding.
  • This assembly is then subjected to a hot isostatic pressing step during which the cover, in particular, is deformed so that the winding is compressed by the tenon.
  • the hot isostatic pressing operation is known per se; it consists in placing the aforementioned assembly in a box and subjecting this assembly, for several hours, to a high pressure of the order of 1000 bar and at a temperature of the order of 1000 ° C. After this operation, the piece, from a single block, is machined to the desired shape and dimensions. Generally, the different parts of the blank and the sheathing of the ceramic wire are of the same metal so that the finished part is provided with a wound composite insert, embedded in a homogeneous metal matrix.
  • the zone reinforced by the winding has a generally rectangular cross section. To lighten the part and increase the tensile strength / compression in the tangential direction, it is desirable that this reinforced area, surrounded by exclusively metal parts, occupies as large a volume as possible.
  • This rectangular cross-section insert arrangement may not be completely satisfactory in the direction of the forces applied to the workpiece. While the fiber strength is excellent tangential to both tensile and compressive, it is lower than that of pure metal when the forces are applied in a direction transverse to the fibers. As examples, this is particularly the case when the annular piece thus manufactured is a rotating part provided with blades, such as a turbine disk, in particular for an aircraft turbojet engine. Another piece subjected to transverse forces is the "rotating sleeve" connected to jacks in a landing gear mechanism.
  • the basic idea of the invention consists in establishing a "zone of progressivity" in pure metal in this outer radial region, laterally between the periphery and the zone where the turns are located. This leads, according to the invention, to conform the winding so that it has a right cross section of axial length decreasing radially outwardly at least in an outer radial zone of the axisymmetric part.
  • a coiled portion having a trapezoidal or triangle-shaped cross section at least in its radially outermost portion is capable of responding to the problem data.
  • a half-wave shape may also be considered provided that the proportion of pure metal increases radially outward of the room, all other things being equal.
  • the reinforcing wire is composed of a ceramic core, sheathed with metal.
  • the shape of the coil thus obtained that is to say, in fine, the shape of the zone provided with ceramic fibers makes it possible to reserve radially outwards of said zone and on either side thereof larger masses of pure metal (titanium for example) allowing a substantially radial force to transfer "progressively" in the fibers along directions turning it into effort more and more oriented tangentially.
  • the coil can be stabilized during its formation by welds joining certain turns together by their metal sheath.
  • the winding of the reinforcing wire is initiated by fixing an end thereof to the bottom of the cavity and the winding is continued by rotating the blank about its axis while feeding the wire at a controlled speed relative to the speed of rotation of the blank.
  • the feeding speed of the wire is such that it urges said blank in the direction of rotation thereof.
  • annular piece such as a rotor disc
  • metal blank 11 for example titanium
  • axisymmetric here cross section rectangular right
  • this section may have a different shape depending on the geometry of the final part that is desired.
  • the blank has a coaxial inner face 12, here cylindrical.
  • the next step is to practice, in the mass of the blank, for example by machining, a cavity 14 opening (opening) on said coaxial inner face 12. It is possible for example to rotate the blank about the axis X and introduce a cutting tool by the central portion, accessible, of said blank. Material is removed until an annular cavity opens on said coaxial inner face of the blank. Note it can be from an already hollow blank, the machining operation simply to complete the cavity to give it the desired shape and dimensions.
  • the cavity 14 has a right cross section of axial length decreasing radially outwardly over at least a portion of its height.
  • the cavity has (in a right cross-section and in a radial direction from the inside to the outside) a rectangular shape 15 extended by a trapezoidal shape 16.
  • This second part of the cavity could have a triangular shape or any other shape whose axial length (along the X axis) decreases from the inside to the outside.
  • the following operation is to wind in situ a reinforcing wire 21, here ceramic (silicon carbide) coated with metal.
  • the metal is here titanium, that is to say the same metal as that which constitutes the blank.
  • This operation illustrated in figure 3A , is carried out by introducing the wire through the opening of the cavity and depositing it from the cylindrical bottom 23 of the cavity by adjacent turns and then by successive layers of turns until the entire space of the cavity is completely filled, by a coil of contiguous turns 25.
  • the wire is fed via a rigid tubular guide 27 movable in a controlled manner parallel to the X axis (to form a layer) and radially recessed (to develop the following successive layers).
  • the guide 27 is oriented as shown on the Figures 3A and 3B that is, its end 27A is at a small angle to the circumferential winding direction of the turns.
  • the winding of the wire 21 is started by fixing (by welding) one end thereof to the cylindrical bottom wall 23 of the cavity, near one end thereof, and the blank 11 is rotated around its end.
  • X axis and feeding the wire at a controlled speed relative to the speed of rotation of the blank. For example, it is possible to continuously adjust the speed at which the wire 21 is brought so that this speed is always substantially equal to the winding speed. taking into account the speed of rotation of the blank and the diameter of the layer of turns during winding.
  • the feed speed of the wire is such that it solicits the roughing in the direction of rotation of the latter.
  • the wire 21 may be pushed inside the guide 27 by a drive rotary roller drive system (not shown) with possibility of longitudinal sliding so that said wire is in slight compression between its output of the guide 27 and the point where it takes its place in the winding.
  • the blank 11 is mounted in free rotation and that it is the stress exerted on the wire itself which drives it in rotation during the winding.
  • the turns are stabilized at given winding intervals, by welding points or lines joining the metal sheaths of certain turns.
  • the weld can be an electrical or induction weld, under vacuum or in a neutral atmosphere of argon.
  • a welding process as described in FR 2,886,290 can be implemented.
  • figure 4 consists, for example, in closing a cavity 14 filled with the coil 25.
  • a cylindrical metal annular wall 30, here made of titanium is placed in register with the opening of the cavity.
  • This wall here has the same length as the axial length of the opening so that during hot isostatic compression, it can deform radially outwardly penetrate the cavity, compacting the winding itself.
  • the cylindrical annular wall 30 can be dimensioned so that its diameter is slightly greater than that of the central opening of the blank but while carrying this annular wall at a low temperature (by dipping it in liquid nitrogen, for example ) before putting it in place.
  • the annular wall 30 engages the cavity by starting to compact the coil.
  • the closure of said cavity comprises its evacuation with hermetic closure by a welded metal sheet 32.
  • This metal sheet is welded on both sides of the opening of the cavity, before the hot isostatic pressing operation.
  • the hot isostatic pressing operation proper consisting of, for example, placing the blank, modified as shown, is then carried out. figure 4 , in a box for several hours, bringing the pressure to 1000 bar and the temperature to 1000 ° C, approximately.
  • FIG. 5 The result is represented figure 5 . It can be seen that the annular wall 30 is engaged in the cavity, driving the metal foil 32.
  • the assembly forms only a single block with a large part of the volume occupied by a coil of high-strength ceramic wire, embedded in a metal matrix resulting from the melting of the metal sheath of the wire used during winding.
  • the final piece 36 of the figure 7 comprises purely metallic external lateral zones (17a, 18a), making it possible to increase the transverse mechanical strength of the part and locally to limit the breaks of stiffness favoring breaks.
  • These so-called "progressivity" zones have the effect of bringing the efforts gradually, by shearing, into the fibrous reinforcement (the winding) in order to convert the tensile forces / circumferential compression for which the resistance of the wound zone is optimal.

Claims (6)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines axialsymmetrischen ringförmigen Metallteils, das dadurch verstärkt ist, daß eine koaxiale ringförmige Verstärkung in Form einer Spule aus Verbundwerkstoff in dieses eingeschlossen ist, umfassend die Schritte, die darin bestehen:
    - einen ringförmigen Metallrohling (11) des Teils auszubilden,
    - einen Hohlraum (14) auszubilden oder fertigzustellen, der sich an einer koaxialen Innenseite des Rohlings öffnet und der einen Querschnitt mit einer axialen Länge, die radial nach außen über wenigstens einen Teil seiner Höhe abnehmend ist, aufweist,
    - einen Verstärkungsfaden (21) in dem Hohlraum derart aufzuwickeln, daß im wesentlichen dessen gesamter Raum mit einer Spule ausgefüllt ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ferner die Schritte umfaßt, die darin bestehen:
    - den Hohlraum durch Einsetzen einer zylindrischen Metallwand (30) gegenüber der Öffnung des Hohlraums zu schließen, dann
    - die Anordnung einem Vorgang heißisostatischen Pressens zu unterziehen und
    - den Rohling zu bearbeiten, um die Endgeometrie des Teils zu erhalten.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verstärkungsfaden (21) aus einer Seele aus Verbundwerkstoff, wie Keramik, die mit Metall ummantelt ist, besteht und daß die in Bildung befindliche Spule durch Schweißnähte, die einige Windungen durch ihren Metallmantel untereinander verbinden, stabilisiert wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aufwickeln des Verstärkungsfadens unter Befestigen eines Endes dessen am Boden (23) des Hohlraums begonnen wird und daß das Aufwickeln durch Drehen des Rohlings um seine Achse (X), unter Zuführen des Fadens mit einer gegenüber der Drehgeschwindigkeit des Rohlings kontrollierten Geschwindigkeit fortgesetzt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zuführgeschwindigkeit des Fadens (21) derart ist, daß er den Rohling in dessen Drehrichtung belastet.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der offene Hohlraum derart gestaltet wird, daß ihm ein wenigstens teilweise dreieckiger oder trapezförmiger Querschnitt (16), wenigstens im äußersten radialen Teil dessen verliehen wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schließen des Hohlraums sein Evakuieren mit hermetischem Verschließen durch eine Metallfolie (32), die vor dem Vorgang des heißisostatischen Pressens an beiden Seiten der Öffnung des Hohlraums angeschweißt wird, umfaßt, wobei die Metallfolie radial innen die zylindrische Metallwand (30) bedeckt und während des Vorgangs des heißisostatischen Pressens durch diese mitgenommen wird.
EP10738003.2A 2009-06-16 2010-06-14 Verfahren zur hestellung eines metallischen werkstückes mit eingebautem verstärkungsring aus fasern Active EP2443265B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0954029A FR2946550A1 (fr) 2009-06-16 2009-06-16 Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique incorporant un renfort annulaire fibreux.
PCT/FR2010/051179 WO2010146293A1 (fr) 2009-06-16 2010-06-14 Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique incorporant un renfort annulaire fibreux

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2443265A1 EP2443265A1 (de) 2012-04-25
EP2443265B1 true EP2443265B1 (de) 2013-04-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10738003.2A Active EP2443265B1 (de) 2009-06-16 2010-06-14 Verfahren zur hestellung eines metallischen werkstückes mit eingebautem verstärkungsring aus fasern

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8869397B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2443265B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2012530190A (de)
CN (1) CN102459681B (de)
BR (1) BRPI1015560A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2764774C (de)
FR (1) FR2946550A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2012101466A (de)
WO (1) WO2010146293A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2950078B1 (fr) * 2009-09-11 2012-10-05 Messier Dowty Sa Piece metallique pourvue de renforts fibreux a extremite biseautee.

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3828417A (en) * 1970-08-26 1974-08-13 Commw Scient Corp Method for fabricating composite material reinforced by uniformaly spaced filaments
US4867644A (en) * 1987-05-15 1989-09-19 Allied-Signal Inc. Composite member, unitary rotor member including same, and method of making
JP2003138352A (ja) 2001-10-29 2003-05-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 金属基複合材料の成形方法
GB0327044D0 (en) 2003-11-18 2004-04-07 Rolls Royce Plc A method of manufacturing a fibre reinforced metal matrix composite article and a cassette for use therein
GB0327002D0 (en) * 2003-11-20 2003-12-24 Rolls Royce Plc A method of manufacturing a fibre reinforced metal matrix composite article
DE102004001262B4 (de) * 2004-01-08 2007-03-01 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ablegen von Fasern in Ausnehmungen, insbesondere bei der Herstellung von MMC-Bauteilen
US7118063B2 (en) 2004-07-29 2006-10-10 Sequa Corporation Wire/fiber ring and method for manufacturing the same
FR2886291B1 (fr) 2005-05-27 2007-07-13 Snecma Moteurs Sa Procede de fabrication d'un insert bobine de fils enduits
FR2886290B1 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2007-07-13 Snecma Moteurs Sa Procede de fabrication d'une piece avec un insert en materiau composite a matrice metallique et fibres ceramiques
FR2919283B1 (fr) 2007-07-26 2010-09-17 Snecma Piece mecanique comportant un insert en materiau composite.
FR2933422B1 (fr) 2008-07-04 2011-05-13 Messier Dowty Sa Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique comportant des renforts internes formes de fibres ceramiques
FR2933423B1 (fr) 2008-07-04 2010-09-17 Messier Dowty Sa Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102459681B (zh) 2015-07-01
CA2764774C (fr) 2018-02-20
CN102459681A (zh) 2012-05-16
BRPI1015560A2 (pt) 2016-04-26
US8869397B2 (en) 2014-10-28
RU2012101466A (ru) 2013-07-27
EP2443265A1 (de) 2012-04-25
US20120124838A1 (en) 2012-05-24
JP2012530190A (ja) 2012-11-29
WO2010146293A1 (fr) 2010-12-23
FR2946550A1 (fr) 2010-12-17
CA2764774A1 (fr) 2010-12-23

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