EP2439397A2 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2439397A2
EP2439397A2 EP11180692A EP11180692A EP2439397A2 EP 2439397 A2 EP2439397 A2 EP 2439397A2 EP 11180692 A EP11180692 A EP 11180692A EP 11180692 A EP11180692 A EP 11180692A EP 2439397 A2 EP2439397 A2 EP 2439397A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle needle
guide
nozzle
fuel injector
nozzle body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11180692A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2439397A3 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Koeninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2439397A2 publication Critical patent/EP2439397A2/fr
Publication of EP2439397A3 publication Critical patent/EP2439397A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/16—Sealing of fuel injection apparatus not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector for a fuel injection system, in particular a common rail injection system, for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Today's fuel injectors generally have a control or coupler space as a functional space for controlling a nozzle needle. About such a function space, the required pressure difference is set to open and close the nozzle needle. Over a guide gap between the nozzle needle and the nozzle body, however, the functional space is regularly applied with a leakage amount, which influences the pressure level in the functional space in a negative way. Because the pressure level determines the opening and closing behavior of the nozzle needle and thus the nozzle needle stroke and the injection quantity.
  • leakage occurs via a guide gap between the nozzle needle and the nozzle body even with fuel injectors without a pressure-controlled functional space.
  • the amount of leakage is usually fed to a non-pressurized return. Since the recirculated amount must be promoted back to high pressure, inevitably increases the capacity of an upstream pump. As a result, the efficiency of the overall system deteriorates.
  • the publication DE 10 2005 034 879 A1 discloses a nozzle assembly for an injection valve, which has a nozzle needle with a recess in a Guide section includes.
  • the recess of the nozzle needle is hydraulically coupled to the high-pressure circuit of the fluid to be injected, so that during operation of the injection valve radially outwardly directed hydraulic forces act on the guide portion of the nozzle needle. This is intended to counteract the widening of a guide gap between the guide section of the nozzle needle and the nozzle body of the injection valve with increasing injection pressure and consequently an increase in the leakage quantity.
  • the concepts presented in the prior art each presuppose an increase in the injection pressure.
  • an increase in pressure and an associated gap height increase are not the only decisive factors for an increase in the leakage quantity.
  • the leakage amount depends on other factors. Another factor is, for example, the viscosity of the fuel, which is temperature-dependent. As the heating increases, the viscosity of the fuel decreases, increasing the amount of leakage. An increase in the amount of leakage due to a reduction in the viscosity of the fuel can not counteract the concepts known from the prior art.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a fuel injector of the type mentioned, which is able to counteract a temperature-induced increase in the amount of leakage via a guide gap between the nozzle needle and the nozzle body or a guide sleeve inserted therein.
  • the proposed fuel injector comprises a nozzle needle, which is guided in a high-pressure bore of a nozzle body for releasing or closing at least one injection opening in a liftable manner. At the nozzle needle while a guide portion is formed, which limits a guide gap between the nozzle needle and the nozzle body or a guide sleeve inserted into the nozzle body radially.
  • the nozzle needle to reduce leakage over the guide gap, at least in the region of the guide section made of a material whose thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ is greater than that of the material from which the nozzle body or inserted into the nozzle body guide sleeve is made, so that the guide portion in Operation of the fuel injector due to heating undergoes a guide gap reducing radial expansion.
  • the nozzle needle can be made entirely or in at least one region, but at least in the region of the guide section, of a material having a greater coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the material of the nozzle body or of the guide sleeve. To allow the use of multiple materials, the nozzle needle can also be built.
  • the temperature-induced radial expansion of the nozzle needle, at least in the region of the guide section, can also compensate for a temperature-related reduction in the viscosity of the fuel and a concomitant increase in the amount of leakage. Because due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the guide gap limiting components decreases with increasing temperature not only the viscosity of the fuel, but also the gap height of the guide gap. This is due to the fact that the nozzle needle, at least in the region of the guide section, expands at a temperature increase more than the nozzle body. The reduction of the gap height of the guide gap in turn has the result that despite the reduced Viscosity of the fuel does not increase the amount of leakage.
  • the guide section is formed on a separate component, which is firmly connected to the nozzle needle.
  • the resulting built execution of the nozzle needle allows the use of different materials.
  • another material is selected only for the separate component which forms the guide section.
  • This material has a thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ which is greater than that of the material of the nozzle body or a guide sleeve inserted therein.
  • the use of different materials also allows separation of the guiding and sealing functions.
  • the provided for forming the guide portion separate component advantageously takes over the function of sealing, since the material of the separate component is selected such that the component expands at a temperature rise and causes a gap height reduction. This leads to an improved sealing effect.
  • a nozzle needle section which in contrast consists of a material with largely unchanged material properties. This ensures at the same time that the other functions of the nozzle needle are not affected. For example, an optimum sealing seat of the nozzle needle thus remains in the region of the at least one injection opening.
  • the separate component is attached to the nozzle needle axially.
  • the separate component can also be used for adjusting the stroke of the nozzle needle.
  • An additional component for the stroke adjustment of the nozzle needle is accordingly unnecessary, since this function can be taken over by the component connected to the nozzle needle.
  • a plurality of selection rows are provided for this purpose, which can optionally be combined with a nozzle needle as a function of the respectively required nozzle needle stroke.
  • the separate component is cylindrical or comprises a cylindrical portion which is axially attachable to the nozzle needle. As a result, a stroke adjustment of the nozzle needle via the separate component can be realized.
  • the separate component has a simple geometry, so that it can be produced inexpensively.
  • a leakage over the guide gap between the guide portion of the nozzle needle and the nozzle body or a guide sleeve inserted into the nozzle body requires different pressure conditions on both sides of the guide gap. This condition is met by different injector concepts.
  • the guide section of the nozzle needle seals the high-pressure bore with respect to a functional space.
  • the functional space may be, for example, a control room or a coupler space for controlling the nozzle needle. About these functional spaces, the necessary pressure difference to open and close the nozzle needle is set.
  • the guide section of the nozzle needle seals the high-pressure bore with respect to a low-pressure region, preferably a return line.
  • This injector concept thus has no pressure-controlled functional space.
  • a guide gap 6 is formed, which has a certain radial play for Hubbeweglichen storage of the nozzle needle 1.
  • the radial play should at the same time be dimensioned in such a way that the leakage quantity exiting via the guide gap 6 does not adversely affect the pressure level in the underlying functional space 8, 9.
  • the lifting movement of the nozzle needle 1 for releasing or closing at least one formed in the nozzle body 3 injection port 4 is controlled so that a too large and / or uncontrolled in the functional space 8, 9 reaching leakage amount precise injection prevented.
  • the functional space is designed as a control chamber 8.
  • the control chamber 8 is bounded by a guide sleeve 11 and an end face of the nozzle needle 1.
  • the guide sleeve 11 is sealingly against a throttle plate 12, through which the control chamber 8 undergoes a further limitation.
  • an inlet throttle 13 and an outlet throttle 10 are formed, via which the control chamber 8 in dependence on the switching position of a servo valve (not shown) with a high pressure supply or a return is connectable.
  • Fig. 2a and 2b shown known injector concept is the functional space in contrast to that in the Fig. 1a and 1b formed injector concept as a coupler space 9.
  • the coupler space 9 allows via a hydraulic coupler volume and the coupler space 9 limiting coupler body direct actuation of the nozzle needle 1 without the interposition of a servo valve.
  • the injector concepts described above Fig. 1a, b and Fig. 2a, b are particularly affected by a temperature-dependent increase in the leakage quantity, since the leakage quantity negatively influences the control pressure in the respective functional space 8, 9 and thus the opening and closing behavior of the nozzle needle 1.
  • the present invention which deals with a temperature-dependent leakage compensation, is therefore particularly suitable for fuel injectors with such a functional space 8, 9. However, it is not limited thereto.
  • the relationship between the temperature T, the leakage amount Q and the guide gap height H is schematically shown in the graph of FIG Fig. 3 shown.
  • the graphs A, B relate to a fuel injector according to the prior art and the graphs C, D to a fuel injector according to the invention with a nozzle needle 1, which is made at least in the region of its guide portion 5 of a material whose thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ greater than that of Material of the nozzle body 3 is. That is, the nozzle needle 1 may be made entirely of such a material or may comprise a separate component 7 for forming the guide portion 5 of such a material.
  • the solid line indicates the leakage amount Q and the broken line indicates the guide gap height H, respectively.
  • Fig. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of a fuel injector according to the invention for the realization of a temperature-dependent leakage compensation as shown in the diagram of Fig. 3 is shown.
  • a separate component 7 is axially attached to the nozzle needle 1, which also serves to form a guide portion 5 for axial guidance of the nozzle needle 1 within the high-pressure bore 2 of the nozzle body 3.
  • the component 7 is designed as a solid cylinder and consists of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ , which is greater than the thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ of the material of the nozzle body 3. With an increase in the temperature, the separate component 7 thus expands more than the nozzle body 3, so that the height of the guide gap 6 formed between the component 7 and the nozzle body 3 is reduced.
  • the expected increase in the amount of leakage is completely compensated, so that the amount of leakage by means of which a functional space 8, 9 is applied, remains constant.
  • the design of the component 7 as a solid cylinder has the advantage that the component 7 can additionally serve for adjusting the stroke of the nozzle needle 1. Because the axial extent of the component 7 can be selected as needed.
  • the component 7 can also have any other geometry, which is not shown here.
  • the component 7 may have a hollow-cylindrical section which can be pressed onto the nozzle needle 1.
  • many other forms are conceivable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP11180692.3A 2010-10-06 2011-09-09 Injecteur de carburant Withdrawn EP2439397A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010042044 DE102010042044A1 (de) 2010-10-06 2010-10-06 Kraftstoffinjektor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2439397A2 true EP2439397A2 (fr) 2012-04-11
EP2439397A3 EP2439397A3 (fr) 2014-08-06

Family

ID=45445648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11180692.3A Withdrawn EP2439397A3 (fr) 2010-10-06 2011-09-09 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2439397A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010042044A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013545032A (ja) * 2010-12-10 2013-12-19 ワルトシラ フィンランド オサケユキチュア 燃料噴射装置、ピストンエンジン及ピストンエンジン運転方法
WO2014198510A1 (fr) * 2013-06-11 2014-12-18 Continental Automotive Gmbh Injecteur
CN107143452A (zh) * 2017-07-17 2017-09-08 辽阳新风科技有限公司 一种油嘴偶件、喷油器及汽车

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107225792A (zh) * 2017-07-11 2017-10-03 苏州市天星山精密模具有限公司 一种折叠模具

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0477400A1 (fr) * 1990-09-25 1992-04-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif compensateur de tolérance dans la direction de mouvement du transformateur de déplacement d'un dispositif d'actionnement piézoélectrique
DE102005034879A1 (de) 2005-07-26 2007-02-01 Siemens Ag Düsenbaugruppe für ein Einspritzventil
DE102008031273A1 (de) 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Düsennadel, Düsenbaugruppe sowie Kraftstoffinjektor

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4229730A1 (de) * 1992-09-05 1994-03-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektromagnetisch betätigbares Brennstoffeinspritzventil
US6173913B1 (en) * 1999-08-25 2001-01-16 Caterpillar Inc. Ceramic check for a fuel injector
JP2003214294A (ja) * 2002-01-21 2003-07-30 Nippon Soken Inc 燃料噴射装置
DE10219149A1 (de) * 2002-04-29 2003-11-20 Siemens Ag Injektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff
DE102005018589A1 (de) * 2005-04-21 2006-11-02 Siemens Ag Nadelführungskörper für einen Injektor eines Einspritzsystems sowie Kontaktiervorrichtung mit einem Nadelführungskörper und Injektor mit einer Kontaktiervorrichtung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0477400A1 (fr) * 1990-09-25 1992-04-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif compensateur de tolérance dans la direction de mouvement du transformateur de déplacement d'un dispositif d'actionnement piézoélectrique
DE102005034879A1 (de) 2005-07-26 2007-02-01 Siemens Ag Düsenbaugruppe für ein Einspritzventil
DE102008031273A1 (de) 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Düsennadel, Düsenbaugruppe sowie Kraftstoffinjektor

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013545032A (ja) * 2010-12-10 2013-12-19 ワルトシラ フィンランド オサケユキチュア 燃料噴射装置、ピストンエンジン及ピストンエンジン運転方法
EP2649294B1 (fr) * 2010-12-10 2015-11-25 Wärtsilä Finland Oy Dispositif d'injection de combustible, moteur à pistons et procédé de fonctionnement d'un moteur à piston
US10001097B2 (en) 2010-12-10 2018-06-19 Wartsila Finland Oy Fuel injection apparatus, a piston engine and method of operating a piston engine
WO2014198510A1 (fr) * 2013-06-11 2014-12-18 Continental Automotive Gmbh Injecteur
CN105431627A (zh) * 2013-06-11 2016-03-23 大陆汽车有限公司 喷射器
US10113523B2 (en) 2013-06-11 2018-10-30 Continental Automotive Gmbh Injector
CN105431627B (zh) * 2013-06-11 2019-05-17 大陆汽车有限公司 喷射器
CN107143452A (zh) * 2017-07-17 2017-09-08 辽阳新风科技有限公司 一种油嘴偶件、喷油器及汽车
CN107143452B (zh) * 2017-07-17 2024-03-08 辽阳新风科技有限公司 一种油嘴偶件、喷油器及汽车

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2439397A3 (fr) 2014-08-06
DE102010042044A1 (de) 2012-04-12

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