EP2439001A2 - Device and method for separating a dust mixture into its dust components - Google Patents
Device and method for separating a dust mixture into its dust components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2439001A2 EP2439001A2 EP11007898A EP11007898A EP2439001A2 EP 2439001 A2 EP2439001 A2 EP 2439001A2 EP 11007898 A EP11007898 A EP 11007898A EP 11007898 A EP11007898 A EP 11007898A EP 2439001 A2 EP2439001 A2 EP 2439001A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dust
- mixture
- density
- kgm
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
- B03B4/06—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using fixed and inclined tables ; using stationary pneumatic tables, e.g. fluidised beds
Definitions
- the present invention is concerned with a method and apparatus for separating a dust mixture from a first dust of a first density and a second dust of a second density higher than the first density into its first and second dust contents.
- organic dusts such as cereal flour, plant meal, wood dust, plastic powder, coal dust and sewage sludge dust often contain undesirable levels of inorganic dusts, which include, for example, sand, incineration ash, soil, oxides and metals.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for separating a dust mixture of dusts of a first and second density in its dust components.
- the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are based on the recognition that a separation of a dust mixture from a first dust of a first density and a second dust of a second, compared to the first density higher density in its first and second dust content can be brought about by the Dust mixture is flowed through by a fluidizing gas and fluidized only partially with respect to the first dust, wherein a vertical component of the dust mixture flowing fluidizing gas is adjusted so that it causes the fluidization of the first dust, but lower than that vertical component of the dust mixture flowing through Fluidmaschinesgasmenge, in the a fluidizing of the second dust occurs.
- the dust mixture separates due to the partial fluidization in a lower, non-fluidized area of the second dust and an upper, fluidized first dust area. Due to its fluidized state, the first dust within the upper region behaves in a manner comparable to a liquid and can therefore be derived in the case of preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention like a liquid from the first region.
- the first dust is an organic dust with dormant densities between 300 kgm -3 and 800 kgm -3
- the second dust is an inorganic dust with dormant densities in the range between 900 kgm -3 and 2000 kgm -3 is.
- the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention make it possible to eliminate the interfering sand component from the pulverized coal.
- the fluidization with any gas can be brought about as the fluidizing gas, it is particularly economical to use air as the fluidizing gas.
- substantially vertical means angles in the range of up to 20 degrees with respect to the vertical.
- the device for separating comprises a container for receiving the dust mixture, which has a bottom and walls, wherein the walls define a cross section of the dust mixture through which the fluidizing gas can flow, which distance is essentially invariable.
- the container may be a vertical cylindrical container.
- the container bottom consists of a flow material which can be flowed through by the fluidizing gas and which can not be penetrated by the first or second dust.
- the mesh size of the flow material is smaller than the smallest grain size of the first or second dust.
- a particularly stable state of the partially fluidized first dust fraction results during the separation process when the flow resistance of the flow tray is higher than that of the partially fluidized dust mixture.
- the flow resistance of the flow tray is selected such that at a fluidizing air flow per square meter of the horizontal cross section of the dust mixture between 60 m 3 h -1 and 160 m 3 h -1 , preferably 100 m 3 h -1, a pressure drop across the flow tray of at least 1000 Nm -2 , preferably of more than 1500 Nm -2 is effected.
- a particularly simple separation of the dust mixture in the dust components is achieved when the container has a first, arranged in comparison to the container height close to the container bottom removal opening for the second dust and a second removal opening for the first dust above the first removal opening for the second Dust is arranged.
- a level probe is provided for detecting the height of the dust mixture partially fluidized in the container.
- a level probe allows over a corresponding control, a tracking of the dust mixture in the container of the separator when the level detected by the level probe below a predetermined value, so that a continuous or quasi-continuous separation operation can be made.
- a stirring device for stirring the dust mixture in the region of the partially fluidized first dust and / or in the region of the second dust.
- the stabilization of the partial fluidization of the first dust is achieved by the stirring.
- a discharge of the first dust and / or the second dust is facilitated.
- two temperature sensors are provided on the container of the separation device, wherein one of the temperature sensors is arranged relative to the container height near the container bottom for detecting the temperature of the second dust and the other above a temperature probe for detecting the temperature of the partially fluidized first dust.
- the lower temperature sensor indicates a lower value than the upper temperature sensor when inorganic dust, such as sand, has accumulated in the region of the lower temperature sensor. This may cause an operator or a controller, upon occurrence of said temperature difference, to remove the second dust or inorganic dust from the container through the discharge opening located near the container bottom.
- the separator is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 1.
- This comprises a cylindrical, vertical container 2 with a cylindrical wall 3.
- the receiving area of the container for a dust mixture is limited by the wall 3 and the flow tray 4.
- the flow tray 4 is permeable to air, but of so small mesh size that it can not be penetrated by the dusts of the dust mixture.
- a lower tank area 6 serves to supply fluidizing air through a fluidizing air inlet 7, which passes through the flow floor 4 substantially vertically from bottom to top and then the dust mixture 5 above the flow base 4 before the fluidizing air leaves the tank 2 through a fluidizing air outlet 8.
- the dust mixture 5 is fed to the separating device 1 via a cellular wheel 9.
- the container 2 has the shape of a vertical cylinder.
- Other container shapes that define substantially consistent horizontal cross sections of the dust mixture above the flow tray are also contemplated.
- the flow tray 4 consists in the preferred embodiment shown of a polyester fabric whose flow resistance for the fluidizing air is higher than the flow resistance of the partially fluidized dust mixture 5 above the flow tray.
- the flow resistance of the flow tray is selected so that at a fluidizing air flow per square meter of the horizontal cross section of the dust mixture between 60 m 3 h -1 and 160 m 3 h -1 , preferably from 100 m 3 h -1, a pressure drop across the flow tray of at least 1000 Nm -2 , preferably of more than 1500 Nm -2 occurs.
- the container 3 has near the flow tray 4 with respect to the container height, a first discharge opening 10 for removing the dust portion with the higher density and, above the Withdrawal opening 10, a second removal opening 11 for removing the dust content with the lower density.
- the partial fluidization of lignite dust or sewage sludge dust leads to a fluidized lignite dust layer or sewage sludge layer of substantially constant density, which in the case of lignite dust at 310 kgm -3 and in the case of Sewage sludge dust is 350 kgm -3 .
- lignite dust at 310 kgm -3
- Sewage sludge dust 350 kgm -3 .
- Within the partially fluidized dust mixture there is a uniform floating of the organic dusts on the settling inorganic dusts.
- the region 12 above the partially fluidized pulverized coal within the container 3 is optically dust-free. Dust levels remaining in this area are negligible for technical applications.
- the presence of an inorganic layer in the region of the flow tray 4 can be detected by using temperature sensors 13, 14 on the outside of the container. As soon as a layer of inorganic dust has built up in the region of the flow base 4, the temperature detected by the lower temperature sensor 14 drops markedly with respect to the temperature detected by the upper temperature sensor 13. This temperature difference detection can be used to cause the removal of the inorganic dust content by the first discharge opening 10.
- Fig. 2 shows a structural variant of the arrangement of the removal opening 10 'for the removal of the heavier or denser dust content.
- the removal opening 10 ' is connected in this case with a discharge funnel 15, which is embedded in the flow tray 4.
- the flow tray 5 can also be designed conically in such a way that a discharge funnel 15 'is connected to the first removal opening 10 "in the lower region of the cone.
- the container 3 may be provided in a region above the second removal opening 11 with a lower level probe 16 and an upper level probe 17, which are designed to reduce the level of the fluidized dust portion of the lower To detect density.
- the supply of the dust mixture by means of the cell wheel 9 can be controlled so that the level of the fluidized dust fraction of lower density between the two level sensors 16, 17 is established.
- the choice of the required fluidizing air quantity proves to be problematic within the above-mentioned fluidizing air flow rate per square meter of the horizontal cross section of the dust mixture, on the one hand to achieve fluidization of the lighter dust content and, on the other hand, to prevent air leaks.
- a stabilization of the partial fluidization and thus an improvement of the separation behavior can be achieved in the embodiment according to Fig. 4 by using a stirrer 18 with a rotating shaft 19 to which agitator arms 20 are mounted in the region just above the layer of higher density dust.
- the stirring arms 12 are vertically arranged slightly above the first discharge opening 10 in the case of the lateral removal of said dust content.
- Further stabilization can be achieved by using a plurality of stirring arms (not shown), at least one of which is disposed below the surface of the low density fluidized dust.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung befasst sich mit einem Verfahren und einer Vorrichtung zum Trennen eines Staubgemisches aus einem ersten Staub einer ersten Dichte und einem zweiten Staub einer zweiten, gegenüber der ersten Dichte höheren Dichte in seinen ersten und zweiten Staubanteil.The present invention is concerned with a method and apparatus for separating a dust mixture from a first dust of a first density and a second dust of a second density higher than the first density into its first and second dust contents.
In vielen industriellen Anwendungen ist es gewünscht, Staubgemische aus Stäuben unterschiedlicher Dichten voneinander zu trennen.In many industrial applications, it is desirable to separate dust mixtures from dusts of different densities.
So enthalten häufig organische Stäube, wie beispielsweise Getreidemehl, Pflanzenmehl, Holzstaub, Kunststoffpulver, Kohlenstaub und Klärschlammstaub unerwünschte Anteile anorganischer Stäube, zu denen beispielsweise Sand, Verbrennungsasche, Erde, Oxide und Metalle zählen.For example, organic dusts such as cereal flour, plant meal, wood dust, plastic powder, coal dust and sewage sludge dust often contain undesirable levels of inorganic dusts, which include, for example, sand, incineration ash, soil, oxides and metals.
Übliche Verfahren zum Trennen von Staubgemischen basieren auf einer Absiebung eines Staubanteils aus dem Staubgemisch. Dieser Ansatz scheitert jedoch bei Komgrößenüberlappungen der Stäube.Conventional methods for separating dust mixtures are based on a screening of a dust content from the dust mixture. However, this approach fails with particle size overlaps of the dusts.
Aus der
Aus dem europäischen Patent
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen eines Staubgemisches aus Stäuben einer ersten und zweiten Dichte in seine Staubanteile anzugeben.The invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for separating a dust mixture of dusts of a first and second density in its dust components.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 sowie durch eine Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 gelöst.This object is achieved by a method according to
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung beruhen auf der Erkenntnis, dass eine Auftrennung eines Staubgemisches aus einem ersten Staub einer ersten Dichte und einem zweiten Staub einer zweiten, gegenüber der ersten Dichte höheren Dichte in seinen ersten und zweiten Staubanteil dadurch herbeigeführt werden kann, dass das Staubgemisch von einem Fluidisierungsgas durchströmt und nur partiell bezüglich des ersten Staubes fluidisiert wird, wobei eine Vertikalkomponente einer das Staubgemisch durchströmenden Fluidisierungsgasmenge derart eingestellt wird, dass diese die Fluidisierung des ersten Staubes bewirkt, jedoch niedriger ist als diejenige Vertikalkomponente der das Staubgemisch durchströmenden Fluidisierungsgasmenge, bei der ein Fluidisieren des zweiten Staubes auftritt.The method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are based on the recognition that a separation of a dust mixture from a first dust of a first density and a second dust of a second, compared to the first density higher density in its first and second dust content can be brought about by the Dust mixture is flowed through by a fluidizing gas and fluidized only partially with respect to the first dust, wherein a vertical component of the dust mixture flowing fluidizing gas is adjusted so that it causes the fluidization of the first dust, but lower than that vertical component of the dust mixture flowing through Fluidisierungsgasmenge, in the a fluidizing of the second dust occurs.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung trennt sich das Staubgemisch aufgrund der partiellen Fluidisierung in einen unteren, nicht fluidisierten Bereich des zweiten Staubes und einen oberen, fluidisierten ersten Staubbereich. Der erste Staub innerhalb des oberen Bereiches verhält sich aufgrund seines fluidisierten Zustandes vergleichbar mit einer Flüssigkeit und lässt sich daher bei bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wie eine Flüssigkeit aus dem ersten Bereich ableiten.In the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention, the dust mixture separates due to the partial fluidization in a lower, non-fluidized area of the second dust and an upper, fluidized first dust area. Due to its fluidized state, the first dust within the upper region behaves in a manner comparable to a liquid and can therefore be derived in the case of preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention like a liquid from the first region.
Gemäß einem bedeutsamen industriellen Aspekt ist der erste Staub ein organischer Staub mit Dichten im Ruhezustand zwischen 300 kgm-3 und 800 kgm-3, während der zweite Staub ein anorganischer Staub mit Dichten im Ruhezustand im Bereich zwischen 900 kgm-3 und 2000 kgm-3 ist.According to a significant industrial aspect, the first dust is an organic dust with dormant densities between 300 kgm -3 and 800 kgm -3 , while the second dust is an inorganic dust with dormant densities in the range between 900 kgm -3 and 2000 kgm -3 is.
Besondere praktische Bedeutung hat der Anwendungsfall, bei dem der erste Staub Kohlenstaub und der zweite Staub Sand ist. In diesem Fall ermöglichen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eine Beseitigung der störenden Sandkomponente aus dem Kohlenstaub.Of particular practical importance is the application case in which the first dust is carbon dust and the second dust is sand. In this case, the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention make it possible to eliminate the interfering sand component from the pulverized coal.
Obgleich die Fluidisierung mit jeglichem Gas als Fluidisierungsgas herbeigeführt werden kann, ist es besonders wirtschaftlich, als Fluidisierungsgas Luft einzusetzen.Although the fluidization with any gas can be brought about as the fluidizing gas, it is particularly economical to use air as the fluidizing gas.
Zu einer besonders einfachen Trennung kommt es bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung dann, wenn die Fluidisierungsluft im Wesentlichen vertikal von unten nach oben durch das Staubgemisch geführt wird. Unter dem Begriff "im Wesentlichen vertikal" im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung seien Winkel im Bereich von bis zu 20 Grad bezogen auf die Vertikale zu verstehen.For a particularly simple separation occurs in the inventive method and apparatus according to the invention, when the fluidizing air is guided substantially vertically from bottom to top through the dust mixture. Under the term For purposes of the present application, "substantially vertical" means angles in the range of up to 20 degrees with respect to the vertical.
Eine besonders stabile partielle Fluidisierung des organischen Staubes bei Nicht-Fluidisierung des anorganischen Staubes erreicht man erfindungsgemäß bei Fluidisierungsluftmengen pro Quadratmeter des horizontalen Querschnitts des Staubgemisches zwischen 60 m3 h-1 und 160 m3 h-1, vorzugsweise bei Fluidisierungsluftmengen zwischen 90 m3 h-1 und 120 m3 h-1. Die Vorrichtung zum Trennen umfasst gemäß einem bevorzugten Aspekt einen Behälter zur Aufnahme des Staubgemisches, der einen Boden und Wände aufweist, wobei die Wände einen von der Entfernung zum Boden im Wesentlichen unveränderlichen Querschnitt des vom Fluidisierungsgas durchströmbaren Staubgemisches festlegen. Bei einer einfachen Ausführungsform kann der Behälter ein senkrechtstehender zylindrischer Behälter sein.A particularly stable partial fluidization of the organic dust with non-fluidization of the inorganic dust is achieved according to the invention at Fluidisierungsluftmengen per square meter of the horizontal cross section of the dust mixture between 60 m 3 h -1 and 160 m 3 h -1 , preferably at Fluidisierungsluftmengen between 90 m 3 h -1 and 120 m 3 h -1 . According to a preferred aspect, the device for separating comprises a container for receiving the dust mixture, which has a bottom and walls, wherein the walls define a cross section of the dust mixture through which the fluidizing gas can flow, which distance is essentially invariable. In a simple embodiment, the container may be a vertical cylindrical container.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung besteht der Behälterboden aus einem von dem Fluidisierungsgas durchströmbaren Fließmaterial, welches nicht von dem ersten oder zweiten Staub durchdringbar ist. Gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Maschenweite des Fließmaterials kleiner als die kleinste Korngröße des ersten oder zweiten Staubes.According to a preferred refinement, the container bottom consists of a flow material which can be flowed through by the fluidizing gas and which can not be penetrated by the first or second dust. According to a preferred embodiment, the mesh size of the flow material is smaller than the smallest grain size of the first or second dust.
Ein besonders stabiler Zustand des partiell fluidisierten ersten Staubanteils ergibt sich während des Trennverfahrens dann, wenn der Strömungswiderstand des Fließbodens höher ist als derjenige des partiell fluidisierten Staubgemisches.A particularly stable state of the partially fluidized first dust fraction results during the separation process when the flow resistance of the flow tray is higher than that of the partially fluidized dust mixture.
Vorzugsweise wird der Strömungswiderstand des Fließbodens derart gewählt, dass bei einer Fluidisierungsluftmenge pro Quadratmeter des horizontalen Querschnitts des Staubgemisches zwischen 60 m3 h-1 und 160 m3 h-1, vorzugsweise von 100 m3 h-1 ein Druckabfall über den Fließboden von mindestens 1000 Nm-2, vorzugsweise von mehr als 1500 Nm-2 bewirkt wird.Preferably, the flow resistance of the flow tray is selected such that at a fluidizing air flow per square meter of the horizontal cross section of the dust mixture between 60 m 3 h -1 and 160 m 3 h -1 , preferably 100 m 3 h -1, a pressure drop across the flow tray of at least 1000 Nm -2 , preferably of more than 1500 Nm -2 is effected.
Eine besonders einfache Auftrennung des Staubgemisches in die Staubanteile wird dann erreicht, wenn der Behälter eine erste, im Vergleich zur Behälterhöhe nahe am Behälterboden angeordnete Entnahmeöffnung für den zweiten Staub und eine zweite Entnahmeöffnung für den ersten Staub aufweist, die oberhalb der ersten Entnahmeöffnung für den zweiten Staub angeordnet ist.A particularly simple separation of the dust mixture in the dust components is achieved when the container has a first, arranged in comparison to the container height close to the container bottom removal opening for the second dust and a second removal opening for the first dust above the first removal opening for the second Dust is arranged.
Vorzugsweise ist eine Niveausonde zum Erfassen der Höhe des partiell in dem Behälter fluidisierten Staubgemisches vorgesehen. Eine derartige Niveausonde ermöglicht über eine entsprechende Steuerung ein Nachführen des Staubgemisches in den Behälter der Trennvorrichtung, wenn das von der Niveausonde erfasste Niveau einen vorgegebenen Wert unterschreitet, so dass ein kontinuierlicher oder quasi-kontinuierlicher Trennbetrieb vorgenommen werden kann.Preferably, a level probe is provided for detecting the height of the dust mixture partially fluidized in the container. Such a level probe allows over a corresponding control, a tracking of the dust mixture in the container of the separator when the level detected by the level probe below a predetermined value, so that a continuous or quasi-continuous separation operation can be made.
Gemäß einem bevorzugten Aspekt ist eine Rührvorrichtung zum Rühren des Staubgemisches im Bereich des partiell fluidisierten ersten Staubes und/oder im Bereich des zweiten Staubes vorgesehen. Durch das Rühren wird einerseits eine Stabilisierung der partiellen Fluidisierung des ersten Staubes erreicht. Andererseits wird eine Abförderung des ersten Staubes und/oder des zweiten Staubes erleichtert.According to a preferred aspect, a stirring device is provided for stirring the dust mixture in the region of the partially fluidized first dust and / or in the region of the second dust. On the one hand, the stabilization of the partial fluidization of the first dust is achieved by the stirring. On the other hand, a discharge of the first dust and / or the second dust is facilitated.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung sind zwei Temperaturensensoren am Behälter der Trennvorrichtung vorgesehen, wobei eine der Temperatursensoren bezogen auf die Behälterhöhe nahe dem Behälterboden zum Erfassen der Temperatur des zweiten Staubes und die andere oberhalb der einen Temperatursonde zum Erfassen der Temperatur des partiell fluidisierten ersten Staubes angeordnet ist. Im Beispielsfall der Trennung von organischen und anorganischen Stäuben voneinander zeigt der untere Temperatursensor dann einen niedrigeren Wert als der obere Temperatursensor an, wenn sich anorganischer Staub, wie beispielsweise Sand, im Bereich des unteren Temperatursensors angesammelt hat. Dies kann eine Bedienungsperson oder eine Steuerung veranlassen, bei Auftreten der genannten Temperaturdifferenz den zweiten Staub bzw. anorganischen Staub durch die nahe dem Behälterboden angeordnete Entnahmeöffnung aus dem Behälter zu entfernen.According to a preferred development, two temperature sensors are provided on the container of the separation device, wherein one of the temperature sensors is arranged relative to the container height near the container bottom for detecting the temperature of the second dust and the other above a temperature probe for detecting the temperature of the partially fluidized first dust. In the example of the separation of organic and inorganic dusts from each other, the lower temperature sensor then indicates a lower value than the upper temperature sensor when inorganic dust, such as sand, has accumulated in the region of the lower temperature sensor. This may cause an operator or a controller, upon occurrence of said temperature difference, to remove the second dust or inorganic dust from the container through the discharge opening located near the container bottom.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Trennen eines Staubgemisches werden nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Schnittdarstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Trennvorrichtung;
- Fig. 2
- ein Detail der in
Fig. 1 gezeigten Trennvorrichtung bezüglich der Entnahme des zweiten Staubes; - Fig. 3
- eine Schnittdarstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels der Trennvorrichtung; und
- Fig. 4
- eine Schnittdarstellung eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels der Trennvorrichtung.
- Fig. 1
- a sectional view of a first embodiment of the separation device;
- Fig. 2
- a detail of in
Fig. 1 shown separating device with respect to the removal of the second dust; - Fig. 3
- a sectional view of a second embodiment of the separation device; and
- Fig. 4
- a sectional view of a third embodiment of the separation device.
In den beigefügten Zeichnungen bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche oder ähnliche Teile, so dass auf eine wiederholte Beschreibung gleicher Teile verzichtet werden kann.In the accompanying drawings, like reference characters designate like or similar parts, so that a repeated description of like parts may be omitted.
In
Bei dem in
Der Fließboden 4 besteht bei dem gezeigten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel aus einem Polyestergewebe, dessen Strömungswiderstand für die Fluidisierungsluft höher ist als der Strömungswiderstand des partiell fluidisierten Staubgemisches 5 oberhalb des Fließbodens. Vorzugsweise ist der Strömungswiderstand des Fließbodens derart gewählt, dass bei einer Fluidisierungsluftmenge pro Quadratmeter des horizontalen Querschnitts des Staubgemisches zwischen 60 m3 h-1 und 160 m3 h-1, vorzugsweise von 100 m3 h-1 ein Druckabfall über den Fließboden von mindestens 1000 Nm-2, vorzugsweise von mehr als 1500 Nm-2 auftritt. Bei den genannten Fluidisierungsluftmengen und dem genannten Strömungswiderstand des Fließbodens 4 ergibt sich eine stabile partielle Fluidisierung des leichteren der beiden Staubanteile, wenn dessen Dichte im Ruhezustand im Bereich typischer Dichten organischer Stäube liegt, die zwischen 300 kgm-3 und 800 kgm-3 variieren. Sehr gute Fluidisierungsergebnisse wurden bei einem Fließboden mit einem Strömungswiderstand erzielt, der bei einer Fluidisierungsluftmenge pro Quadratmeter von 100 m3 h-1 zu einem Druckabfall über den Fließboden von 2000 Nm-2 führt.The flow tray 4 consists in the preferred embodiment shown of a polyester fabric whose flow resistance for the fluidizing air is higher than the flow resistance of the partially fluidized
Der Behälter 3 hat nahe dem Fließboden 4 bezogen auf die Behälterhöhe eine erste Entnahmeöffnung 10 zur Entnahme des Staubanteils mit der höheren Dichte und, oberhalb der Entnahmeöffnung 10, eine zweite Entnahmeöffnung 11 zur Entnahme des Staubanteils mit der geringeren Dichte.The
Eine erhöhte Trennwirkung wird erreicht, wenn die Entnahmeöffnungen 10, 11 in horizontaler Richtung möglichst weit beabstandet sind von demjenigen Bereich, in den das Staubgemisch 5 durch das Zellenrad 9 eingebracht wird.An increased separation effect is achieved when the
Verwendet man die in
Das Vorhandensein einer anorganischen Schicht im Bereich des Fließbodens 4 kann unter Verwendung von Temperatursensoren 13, 14 an der Außenseite des Behälters festgestellt werden. Sobald sich im Bereich des Fließbodens 4 eine Schicht aus anorganischem Staub aufgebaut hat, fällt die von dem unteren Temperatursensor 14 erfasste Temperatur deutlich gegenüber der von dem oberen Temperatursensor 13 erfassten Temperatur ab. Diese Temperaturdifferenzerfassung kann verwendet werden, um die Entnahme des anorganischen Staubanteils durch die erste Entnahmeöffnung 10 zu veranlassen.The presence of an inorganic layer in the region of the flow tray 4 can be detected by using
Wie in
Wie in
Bei manchen Stäuben erweist sich die Wahl der erforderlichen Fluidisierungsluftmenge innerhalb der oben angegebenen Fluidisierungsluftmengenbereiche pro Quadratmeter des horizontalen Querschnitts des Staubgemisches als problematisch, um einerseits eine Fluidisierung des leichteren Staubanteils zu erreichen und um andererseits Luftdurchbrüche zu verhindern. Eine Stabilisierung des partiellen Fluidisierens und damit eine Verbesserung des Trennverhaltens erreicht man bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Eine weitere Stabilisierung kann durch Verwendung mehrerer Rührarme (nicht dargestellt) erreicht werden, von denen wenigstens einer unterhalb der Oberfläche des fluidisierten Staubes niedriger Dichte angeordnet ist.Further stabilization can be achieved by using a plurality of stirring arms (not shown), at least one of which is disposed below the surface of the low density fluidized dust.
Claims (10)
bei der die Fluidisierungsluftmenge pro Quadratmeter des horizontalen Querschnitts des Staubgemisches zwischen 60 m3 h-1 und 160 m3 h-1, vorzugsweise zwischen 90 m3 h-1 und 120 m3 h-1 beträgt.Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the fluidizing gas is air which is guided substantially vertically from bottom to top through the dust mixture; and
in which the amount of fluidizing air per square meter of the horizontal cross section of the dust mixture is between 60 m 3 h -1 and 160 m 3 h -1 , preferably between 90 m 3 h -1 and 120 m 3 h -1 .
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DE102010042167.7A DE102010042167B4 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2010-10-07 | Method and device for separating a dust mixture into its dust components |
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EP2439001A3 EP2439001A3 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013131135A1 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Hansom Environmental Products Pty Ltd | Method and apparatus for separating particulate matter |
JP2016168556A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-09-23 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Dry type density separation device of particulate matter and dry type density separation method of particulate matter |
Citations (2)
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EP0907596B1 (en) | 1996-06-18 | 2000-03-15 | Kohlenstaubtechnik Dr. Schoppe GmbH | Process and device for fluidising fine-grained bulk products |
DE69938137T2 (en) | 1998-06-03 | 2009-02-05 | General Kinematics Corp., Crystal Lake | DEVICE FOR CLASSIFYING MATERIAL |
Family Cites Families (6)
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US3102092A (en) * | 1961-06-01 | 1963-08-27 | Dorr Oliver Inc | Fluidized bed classifier |
DE1211910B (en) * | 1964-05-30 | 1966-03-03 | Engelbrecht & Lemmerbrock | Air separator |
DE3126585C2 (en) * | 1981-07-06 | 1983-08-04 | Rheinische Braunkohlenwerke AG, 5000 Köln | Process for separating sand from a sand-containing, dried lignite pile |
DD244705A1 (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-04-15 | Adw Ddr Inst Mechanik | METHOD AND SWIVELING FAIR FOR THE SEPARATION OF A PARTICLE MIXTURE |
JP2548519B2 (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1996-10-30 | 丸尾カルシウム株式会社 | Fluidized bed classifier |
US6467631B2 (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2002-10-22 | Allmineral Llc | Air sifting apparatus |
-
2010
- 2010-10-07 DE DE102010042167.7A patent/DE102010042167B4/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-09-29 PL PL11007898.7T patent/PL2439001T3/en unknown
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0907596B1 (en) | 1996-06-18 | 2000-03-15 | Kohlenstaubtechnik Dr. Schoppe GmbH | Process and device for fluidising fine-grained bulk products |
DE69938137T2 (en) | 1998-06-03 | 2009-02-05 | General Kinematics Corp., Crystal Lake | DEVICE FOR CLASSIFYING MATERIAL |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013131135A1 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Hansom Environmental Products Pty Ltd | Method and apparatus for separating particulate matter |
JP2016168556A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-09-23 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Dry type density separation device of particulate matter and dry type density separation method of particulate matter |
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DE102010042167B4 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
PL2439001T3 (en) | 2022-08-01 |
DE102010042167A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
EP2439001A3 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
EP2439001B1 (en) | 2022-04-13 |
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