Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
  • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
  • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
  • B44C1/10—Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics
  • B44C1/105—Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics comprising an adhesive layer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
  • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
  • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
  • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
  • Y10T428/2848—Three or more layers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/3049—Including strand precoated with other than free metal or alloy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/603—Including strand or fiber material precoated with other than free metal or alloy

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to the techniques of transposition or transfer of decorative layers.
• wet is the technique of wallpaper or decal, while the dry process involves the use of a layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive, preserved until used with a peelable film.
• Document WO-A-2006/084865 also discloses decorative layer transposition techniques aiming at a result which is visually similar to that obtained by a conventional painting technique, and which, on the other hand, can be implemented. in an economical way, simple and not messy.
• One of these techniques employs a first temporary support on which a film of material to be painted is directly applied, with limited adhesion forces.
• the film being dry, it applies a first adhesive, deactivatable with water, and then applied against the film a second thin temporary support high deformability and partially absorbent.
• This first adhesive generates between the film and said second temporary support adhesion forces greater than those existing between the film and the first temporary support.
• the assembly formed by the second temporary support and the film is peeled away from the first temporary support.
• the film retained is then adhered to the second temporary support with a second adhesive, the whole is applied against the final support, and after drying of the second adhesive, the second temporary support is moistened with water and then the second medium is peeled off. temporary support by leaving the paint film on the final support.
• an assembly formed of a temporary support and a material to be painted directly applied to it with limited adhesion forces to form a film After drying, an adhesive is applied to a definitive support and / or to the film, such that after application of the assembly to this final support, and drying of the adhesive, the temporary support can be peeled off leaving the film on the substrate. definitive support.
• a film of material to be painted is applied directly to a support able to pass through a printing machine, and the dry film is directly printed in this machine.
• the techniques for applying the layer on a wall are still different.
• a coating is a layer consisting of binders and mineral fillers whose role is to protect the wall on which it is applied, to isolate and improve the appearance. It may further comprise pigments for coloring and giving it a decorative appearance.
• the coating can be prepared on site, typically on an application site from a powder, or in the factory as a paste. It is then applied to the wall to rectify its surface irregularities (holes, cracks, etc.), smoothed and flattened by means of a trowel, then dried and sanded. The operation is usually repeated several times in order to obtain a quality result.
• the present invention aims to provide a sheet article for coating or for a layer to be decorated which is easy and quick to put on a wall while having a quality finish.
• the invention also aims at providing a method for applying a sheet article on walls to be decorated, as well as an associated article, in which the article is glued directly against the wall without the application of liquid adhesive and whose the implementation is clean.
• the invention also provides a method of repairing and masking joints between two contiguous sheet articles.
• the object of the invention is to propose a sheet article for applying decorative layers, which may optionally be printed, on any type of wall to be decorated, and which may be applied either temporarily or permanently to the wall.
• the invention provides a sheet article limiting the amount of VOC released during its installation on a wall and subsequently.
• the invention further relates to methods of manufacturing such a sheet article for applying decorative layers on walls, which are simple to implement and inexpensive.
• a sheet article for applying decorative layers to walls to be decorated, characterized in that it comprises: a support formed of a film of activatable adhesive material; and
• a layer of material to be painted disposed on a first face of the support; the adhesive being temporarily inactive, and the second face of the support (40) being free.
• activatable adhesive film refers to a film whose adhesion properties are substantially irreversibly modified by the action of a film environment factor, without, however, excluding this compound from facilitating the separation of the film. sheet article after installation.
• the article further comprises at least one additional layer formed of at least one layer chosen from a group comprising: a decorative layer, a layer having specific physicochemical properties, a conductive layer, a layer capable of reacting with the environment.
• Such surface layers give the article aesthetic properties difficult to obtain according to conventional manufacturing techniques, and also make it possible to create an article having active or activatable layers depending on the type of surface layers used.
• the additional layer is a decorative surface layer comprising at least one element from the following group: a varnish, colored, metallic, pearlescent particles, microbeads, particles fluorescent, luminescent particles, retro-reflective particles, said particles can be taken in a binder;
• the additional layer is able to react with the medium to which it is exposed; the additional layer is able to react with air, water or light;
• the surface layer comprises at least one material from the following group: a microtextured paint, a water-oil-repellent medium, zeolites, antifungal agents, antifouling agents, biocides, depolluting agents;
• the article is protected by a temporary layer of protection; thus, when the article is placed on the wall and the temporary protective layer is removed, peeled or dissolved, the surface layer can be activated in contact with the ambient environment.
• the article further comprises an intermediate layer disposed between the first face of the support and the layer of material to be painted;
• the intermediate layer comprises at least one material from the following group: a mechanical reinforcing material, a barrier material, an electrically conductive material, a ferromagnetic material.
• the intermediate layer is a conductive layer in a form chosen from the following group: a perforated conductive sheet, a network of resistive wires, a conductive polymer, conductive particles dispersed in one of the layers of the article. Thanks to the conductive layer, the article can be connected for example to a low-voltage source, and power components (diodes, luminescent, active sensors, sound devices, etc.) to diffuse for example heat, light , sound, electromagnetic waves, etc.
• the conductive layer can also act as a surface sensor by integrating planar or reported photovoltaic elements, presence sensors, heat sensors, etc.
• This conductive layer can also provide a role of protection against electromagnetic waves by acting as a Faraday cage for example.
• the intermediate layer may make it possible to retain a magnetized element (for example incorporation of ferromagnetic particles into a binder).
• the article further comprises two electrically insulating layers located on either side of the conductive layer;
• one of the insulating layers consists of the support consisting of an activatable adhesive film and the other insulating layer is constituted by an additional adhesive layer;
• the conductive layer comprises arrangements for its electrical connection with the outside;
• the article further comprises thin sensor means with electrical output connected to the conductive layer;
• the intermediate layer is chosen from the following group: a mechanical reinforcing layer, a barrier layer. Furthermore, the intermediate layer provides additional mechanical strength allowing the article to be self-supporting and not very fragile, even when removing the molding support;
• the intermediate layer is a thermal and / or acoustic barrier layer comprising at least one material from the following group: materials with a low coefficient of thermal and / or acoustic conduction and porous materials with a low density;
• the intermediate layer is a barrier layer for the migration of atoms, molecules or ions, comprising a material chosen from: a continuous film synthetic material or a woven or non-woven fibrous material;
• the adhesive is capable of being activated by an agent in the following group: heat, a liquid, a gas, a radiation, a vibration;
• the adhesive is heat-activatable, at least a portion of the heat being supplied by means of the conductive layer; the adhesive has a temporary activation mode and a definitive activation mode;
• the adhesive comprises at least one of the following group of materials: copropylene, copolyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive (HMPSA), polyethylene-vinyl acetate ( EVA);
• the adhesive comprises at least one additive forming a functional agent belonging to the group of opacifying agents, gelling agents and blocking agents;
• the additive is chosen from the following group: fumed silica, titanium dioxide, talc;
• the layer of material to be painted comprises at least one of the following layers: a layer of paint, a layer of varnish.
• the layer of material to be painted comprises at least two layers of different hues.
• the aesthetic rendering of the article is therefore improved by the superposition of layers of paint, varnish, etc. having different hues.
• the article further comprises a molding support in contact with the layer of material to be painted, opposite the support formed of the adhesive.
• a molding support in contact with the layer of material to be painted, opposite the support formed of the adhesive.
• the molding support is made of a solid or porous material chosen from the following group: polyethylene terephthalate, added polyethylenes, silicone papers, papers coated with a mold release agent, woven and nonwoven fibers coated with a film-forming agent with low surface energy, silicones, Teflon®.
• the face of the molding support in contact with the layer of material to be painted has a surface state and a controlled surface energy; said face of the molding support has reliefs;
• the thickness of the layers of material to be painted and of adhesive material, and where appropriate of the surface layer or layers and of the intermediate layer or layers, is between 50 and 200 micrometers.
• the invention proposes a first method of manufacturing a sheet article according to the invention, comprising the steps of:
• the adhesive layer is formed of a thermo-activatable adhesive, and wherein the steps (iv) and (v) are carried out at a lower temperature; at the activation temperature.
• the drying is carried out cold and / or by depression.
• the adhesive layer is formed of a powdery and film-forming adhesive, and the application and drying temperature is higher than the film forming temperature, but lower than the activation temperature.
• the method further comprises a step of abrasion adjustment of the first face of the molding support.
• the method further comprises a step of adjusting the surface energy of the first face of the molding support so as to adapt its degree of adhesion.
• the adjustment of the surface energy is carried out according to one of the techniques included in the following group: ionization, plasma lance treatment, corona treatment.
• the method further comprises a step of preparing the first face of the molding support by machining or molding.
• step (v) further comprises, subsequent to step (v), the following steps:
• step (v) further comprises, subsequent to step (v), the following steps:
• This replacement of the molding support by a peelable support guarantees the manufacturer that his client will not be able to use it to manufacture itself articles according to the invention. It also allows him to use molded supports of better quality and having a better finish since it can reuse it to make other items.
• the invention proposes a second method of manufacturing a sheet article according to the invention, comprising the steps of:
• the method further comprises a step of applying a molding support to the free surface of the layer of material to be painted opposite to the support before drying of the layer of material to be painted.
• this molding support makes it possible to adjust the finish of the visible surface of the article, giving it a smooth appearance, provided with patterns in relief, shiny, satin or matt depending on the desired result.
• the major difficulty lies in having both the structuring of the mold, which will bring to the sheet article desired reliefs, a particular surface condition, and surface energy which must be both high enough to allow sufficient wettability, while allowing the demolding after drying.
• the surface energy to be obtained depends on the type of paint material chosen, such as a paint or varnish.
• a glycerophthalic paint will be much more adherent than an acrylic paint, and the coating will have a much lower surface energy if it is to be able to demold it easily.
• the invention thus proposes a method of manufacturing a molding support for the implementation of a method according to the invention, comprising the following steps: (i) defining a first material for the support molding;
• the first material is polyethylene terephthalate.
• step (iii) is carried out by abrasion.
• Abrasion is a mechanical abrasion by sandblasting.
• the abrasion combines a chemical attack and the application of a particulate material. For example, in one embodiment, sanding using sand ground for a few seconds, or any other means of abrasion to obtain the desired appearance, such as the application of a chemical treatment, is used. involving acids then a deposit of silica.
• step (iii) is implemented by forming depressions and / or reliefs with a technique chosen from hot molding and etching.
• the hollows and / or the reliefs have a mean geometric period of between approximately 5 and 200 ⁇ m.
• step (iii) comprises a treatment chosen from: corona treatment and exposure to a plasma torch.
• step (iii) comprises the application of a surface energy modifying product.
• the product is a latex, so as to increase the surface energy.
• the product is a low intrinsic surface energy substance, so as to lower the surface energy.
• the surface energy is increased if the surface energy is too low compared to the desired result, for example for a mold with deep asperities.
• the surface energy is increased.
• the film is coated with a thickness of a few micrometers of a product with a low surface energy.
• the molding support is then able to be brought into contact with the material to be painted or with a surface layer. At the end of the drying, it will have given the coating its surface appearance, and will be easy to peel.
• the invention proposes a method of applying an article according to the invention to decorate, characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting of:
• the article according to the invention is therefore simple, fast and clean.
• the article further comprises a surface layer protected by a protective film, and wherein the method further comprises a step of removing the protective film;
• the method further comprises a step of removing the molding support.
• the molding support can be used not only to manufacture the article object of the invention, but also to provide a means of repairing items and hide joints that may be noticed between two adjacent items. Similarly, in case of damage to an already bonded article, a repair can be made by applying a formulation of paint material close to that of the article and covering it with a piece of molding support.
• the invention proposes a process for finishing or repairing a decoration obtained according to the method of the invention, comprising the following steps:
• FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a sheet article for applying decorative layers on walls to decorate according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of a sheet article for applying decorative layers to walls to be decorated according to the invention
• Figure 3 is a sectional view of a wall to be decorated on which the sheet article of Figure 1 or 2 has been applied.
• a sheet article 1 may comprise a molding support 10, a surface layer having particular aesthetic properties and / or physico-chemical properties 22, a layer of paint 20, an intermediate layer 23, and an adhesive layer 40, all of these layers may or may not be present depending on the purpose that is sought to obtain.
• complex is understood to mean the assembly formed by the superimposed layers during the manufacturing steps that have already been described.
• the molding support 10 is adapted to ensure the mechanical cohesion of the article during the phases of manufacture, possible printing and installation, and to give the visible layer of the article 1 the desired surface finish.
• the molding support 10 which may be flat or have raised patterns, the remainder of the complex forming the sheet article is applied. It is preferably composed of a sheet of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a degradable additive polyethylene, a silicone paper, a silicone mold, or a machined mold (in particular a Teflon plate, smooth or machined).
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• a degradable additive polyethylene e.g., a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a degradable additive polyethylene, a silicone paper, a silicone mold, or a machined mold (in particular a Teflon plate, smooth or machined).
• the molding support has a thickness ranging from 10 ⁇ m to
• this support 10 can be prepared to adapt the wettability (and therefore the surface energy) and / or the surface reliefs, so that on the one hand the layers deposited on its surface have a cohesion adapted to have a homogeneous final appearance after drying, and secondly said layers can be demolded easily.
• Said molding support may be provided alone and in a particular packaging to allow the treatment of joints between articles or the repair of damaged articles.
• the layer of material to be painted 20 is the layer of material to be painted 20
• the layer of material to be painted comprises one or more layers of paint, varnish, or other, spread on the support.
• the materials of the layers composing the material to be painted may be identical or different depending on the desired effect.
• the superposition of layers in the layer of material to be painted improves its opacity, its hiding power and can possibly modify the reaction of the material to the external light according to its characteristics, ie that the light is direct, indirect, strong, weak etc.
• the layer of material to be painted may also act as an ion barrier to protect the wall 50 or the environment.
• the wall to decorate 50 comprises Lead
• the application of the sheet article 1 according to the invention allows to create a barrier preventing the migration of ions to the surface, the layer of material to be painted 20 is already dries during laying. The prior application of a specific protection layer therefore becomes optional.
• the paint used may be a mono- or multicomponent paint of acrylic, polyurethane or glycerophthalic nature or be specific to the type of wall to be decorated.
• the quantity of material to be painted forming the layer of material to be painted is in a range from 50 to 150 g / m 2 .
• the adhesive layer 40 comprises an activatable adhesive, that is to say a material provided with adhesive properties activatable by changing an exogenous parameter.
• the adhesive can be heat-activatable
• activatable by supply of heat when it is subjected to infrared or electromagnetic induction if a conductive layer is present activatable with water, activatable by application of ultraviolet, activatable by pressure (in particular by bursting microcapsules present initially in the adhesive layer which then release a material having curing properties), ultrasonically sensitive, or sensitive to hot melt pressure (HMPSA, Hot MeIt Pressure Sensitive Adhesive).
• HMPSA Hot MeIt Pressure Sensitive Adhesive
• the adhesive layer 40 may comprise at least one of the following materials: copropylene, copolyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and the resins generally used in the field. dental.
• This adhesive layer 40 may also be adapted to have strength properties such that the article is self-supporting. Thus, when the layer is formed by an adhesive film, it can serve as a support for the complex during the manufacturing phases.
• the complex may further comprise one or more additional layers, conferring on it particular properties related in particular to the conditions of use of the article 1 according to the invention, the medium to which it is exposed, the type of wall 50, the functions it can advantageously fill, etc.
• Such additional layers are applied between the support 10 and the adhesive layer 40. More specifically, the additional layers can be applied directly to the support 10, be part of the layers making up the layer of material to be painted or over the layer of material to paint.
• the article may include a plurality of different additional layers distributed in its thickness.
• the additional layers can be classified into two broad categories: the layers applied between the support and the layer of material to be painted, called the surface layers 22, and the layers mixed with the layer of material to be painted or between the material to be painted and the material to be painted.
• Adhesive 40 called intermediate layers 23.
• the additional layer is a surface layer 22 consisting of one or more of the following layers: a layer of varnish, a layer having a decorative appearance, a layer having physical properties, particular chemicals.
• the surface layer may be a varnish, preferably transparent, applied directly to the molding medium 10 before the layer of material to be painted.
• the varnish layer may be an acryl type layer, and serves as a demolding layer, especially when the adhesion characteristics of the decorative layer, that is to say of the lower layer constituting the layer of material to be painted 20, are too great to allow a clean removal of the support to be demolded 10.
• the varnish can also be provide a UV barrier function, or anti-graffiti functions.
• varnishes examples include: alkyd resins in aqueous phase, polymers in aqueous phase, polyurethane resins in aqueous phase, urethane alkyds in solvent phase, or even dispersions of acrylic resins in aqueous phase.
• the additional layer applied against the layer of material to be painted 20 is a layer 22 adapted to have a particular appearance and / or physicochemical properties.
• Such a layer 22 is intended to be visibly exposed on the wall once the article 1 applied to it. It may have a purely decorative role, and / or give the complex additional physicochemical properties.
• this layer 22 may be composed of colored particles, particles having a volume that makes it possible to give the decorative layer a given relief (in particular glass microbeads with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm), etc. possibly mixed with a layer of translucent paint or varnish.
• the decorative layer 22 may comprise elements having particular physico-chemical properties conferring on the layer 22 a decorative appearance varying according to the external conditions. It can be for example elements changing appearance (color, gloss, texture, etc.) as a function of temperature, light (such as fluorescent particles, luminescent, retro-reflective, etc.). humidity, the presence of chemical or biological elements determined.
• the layer 22 may be hydro-oleofuge and preserve the layer of material to be painted 20 aggression due to the penetration of water and / or grease: we then obtain an article 1 having anti-stain, anti-graffiti, etc. It may also have a hardness greater than the hardness of the layer of material to be painted, and increase the resistance of the complex to shocks and scratches.
• the additional layer 22 may be formed of a microstructured paint adapted for example to the nautical medium, of the "shark skin” type or, in an aeronautical environment, having longitudinal ridges of a characteristic dimension of 25 micrometers.
• the additional layer may receive microstria conferring on it optical properties of lens or Fresnel mirror type.
• the layer 22 may comprise elements having specific physico-chemical properties having effects on the medium to which they are exposed (diffusion of biological or chemical substances for example).
• these elements can be adapted to react with volatile organic compounds (this is the case for example zeolites or TiO 2 in anatase form which in the presence of light has a catalytic effect of destruction of VOCs), be antifungal agents , or anti-fouling agents (so-called "antifouling agents”) adapted to protect the submerged surfaces of ships, etc.
• the additional layer is an intermediate layer 23 underlying the visible layer, and gives the complex additional properties compared to known articles.
• This layer comprises one or more layers having physicochemical properties, acting as barrier or reinforcement, a conductive layer.
• the layer 23 is made of a thermally insulating material, or having specific acoustic properties (absorption, damping, reflection of acoustic waves) adapted for example to reduce the ambient noise.
• a material may be in particular a polyurethane foam, a porous material with low density, or an emulsion resin comprising a lightening filler and various adjuvants which, after drying, swells and becomes porous (see for example the SEM-LIGHT product distributed by SEMIN).
• the intermediate layer 23 is adapted to prevent ion migration of undesirable substances such as Lead or any other toxic element. It may consist of a resin which after polymerization provides a seal, or of a film consisting of a material such as a polyethylene, a polyester, a polypropylene, a polystyrene. This film is treated to have a high surface energy, or is provided with a primer so that it adheres to the layers that are adjacent to it.
• the intermediate layer 23 is a reinforcement adapted to reinforce the resistance of the complex and possibly make it self-supporting, thus making it possible to remove the support 10 after drying the layers forming the article 1 in order to facilitate its storage. Another advantage of this reinforcing layer 23 is to facilitate the use of the article 1 according to the invention in the case of old and deteriorated support renovations.
• the reinforcing layer 23 comprises, for example, a glass web, a glass fabric, glass fibers and / or metal or vegetable fibers, a plastic film, a nonwoven fabric, a textile or any other element that makes it possible to stiffen the surface. layer of material to be painted while retaining its adaptability to the wall 50 on which the article 1 will be glued.
• the intermediate layer is a conductive layer 23 (or possibly semiconductive), and is in contact with the layer of material to be painted or with the layer of adhesive 40. It can be taken between two electrically insulating layers, the conductive layer may have patterns and drawings for adjusting its electrical parameters and being connected to electrodes avoiding any risk:
• This conductive layer 23 can thus serve as a support for heating elements such as diodes electrical sensors, heat or photovoltaic type light, etc., connected via lugs.
• Such an article 1 can then be used in energy recovery, or on the contrary in the diffusion of energy by lighting or by heating. It can have properties of sound diffusion, electromagnetic diffusion, protection by faraday cage effect, ferromagnetic properties for retaining a magnetized element.
• the conductive layer 23 may be a conductive paint layer, or comprise conductive elements (tin oxides, metal fibers possibly mixed with glass fibers, a network of resistive wires, a metal sheet, etc.), a conductive polymer.
• conductive elements titanium oxides, metal fibers possibly mixed with glass fibers, a network of resistive wires, a metal sheet, etc.
• It may also be a laminate of coatings having photovoltaic properties, for example two N and P doped semiconductor layers respectively and placed between two layers intended to collect the electrons emitted by the semiconductor layers.
• a first method for obtaining a sheet article 1 for applying decorative layers according to the invention.
• the surface of the molding support 10 is adjusted so as to give it a state of roughness suitable for the desired finish for the decorative layer which will be visible on the wall 50 to decorate.
• This adjustment step can be implemented on a flat surface or provided with patterns in relief of the molding support 10.
• the molding support 10 is optionally treated so as to reduce roughness.
• a glossy finish that is to say a finish to obtain a reflection comparable to a mirror effect (typically a specular gloss greater than 70 units measured at an angle of 60 ° according to ISO2813)
• the molding support 10 is optionally treated so as to reduce roughness.
• the surface state of the support being already sufficiently smooth in itself, no adjustment is necessary.
• the surface condition is adjusted by mechanical or chemical abrasion according to known abrasion techniques, for example by sanding or etching.
• abrasion techniques for example by sanding or etching.
• abrasion by sandblasting the nature of the sand used (rolled or ground), the pressure applied and the treatment time make it possible to adjust the degree of roughness, and thus the finish of the decorative layer.
• sand based corundum or glass beads it is possible to use sand based corundum or glass beads.
• This adjustment of the surface of the support allows according to another application to obtain a microtexturation of the surface, so as to make a molding of great fineness of the layer to be exposed to the outside environment.
• the molding support 10 may be previously machined or molded or thermoformed so as to obtain an outer surface of the article having the desired properties:
• a skin-like coating is created of sharks whose microperturbations facilitate the hydrodynamic flow.
• Microtexturation can also create particular optical properties on the final outer surface of the article 1.
• the molding on the surface of the molding support 10 of a Fresnel lens makes it possible to obtain at the end of the process, when the material to paint is transparent, an article having Fresnel lens property.
• a Fresnel mirror is obtained.
• the method further comprises a step in which the surface of the support 10 to which the first layer of the complex (i.e., a surface layer 22 or the layer of material to be painted 20) is treated so as to adjust its surface energy, and thus its degree of adhesion.
• the surface of the support 10 to which the first layer of the complex i.e., a surface layer 22 or the layer of material to be painted 20
• the wettability of the support 10 is very low for a paint material of the glycerophthalic paint type, thus creating surface irregularities, or even the appearance of a bubble during drying. It may therefore be necessary to treat the surface so as to increase its surface energy, for example by ionization, corona treatment or plasma lance.
• a surface layer 22 is applied according to conventional techniques depending on the type of layer on the molding medium 10 (especially by spraying, doctoring, rolling, etc.).
• the layer is applied according to the conventional material application means, for example by heliography, screen printing, flexography, by spraying, if necessary in combination with a doctor blade or any other medium of coating.
• the amount applied can vary widely.
• the layer of varnish is then dried, preferably before the implementation of the next step.
• a purely decorative additional layer 22 for example a layer of colored particles
• said particles are simply randomly distributed, or according to a predefined decorative scheme, on the surface of the support 10, and are embedded in a binder which can be a varnish 22 or directly the material to be painted 20.
• the material to be painted 20 is extended in one or more layers on the molding support 10, or possibly on the surface layer 22 previously applied according to conventional techniques adapted to the type of spread material.
• the free surface through which the solvents and the water evaporate is thus the surface which is intended to be concealed against the wall 50, contrary to the traditional processes in which it is the visible surface of the layer of material to be painted.
• this evaporation creates irregularities in the free evaporation surface, which makes it necessary to carry out an additional finishing step (typically a polishing of the surface when it is a coating) if we want a smooth finish of quality.
• the surface of the article which will be visible when it is applied to the wall is that which is in contact with the molding support 10, and not the free surface by which escape the solvents. It is therefore possible to control the appearance of the visible surface, without additional finishing step.
• the layer of material to be painted comprises at least two layers
• two layers having different hues are preferably spread out so as to improve the rendering of the outer layer which will be visible when the article 1 is applied. on the wall 50.
• monolayer articles or multilayer and mono-tone
• Each layer constituting the layer of material to be painted is dried progressively, for example in a thermal oven or in a dry air dryer.
• the article 1 comprises an intermediate layer 23, it can be carried out at any time during the manufacturing process.
• this film is treated to allow adhesion on a first layer of adhesive, and its application is followed by the laying a second layer of adhesive.
• a conductive layer 23 it is performed over the layer of material to be painted 20, or within the layer of material to be painted 20 (between two layers of paint for example).
• It may be applied either in powder form, or in the form of a perforated conductive sheet or finally in the form of a network or fabric of conductive or resistive wires, in the form of a conductive polymer.
• the conductive particles constituting the conductive powder are mixed with the adhesive powder, and then the mixture is applied to the layer of material to be painted 20.
• the material forming the adhesive powder is film-forming.
• the complex formed of the support 10, any additional layers 22, 23, the layer of material to be painted 20, the conductive particles of the conductive layer 23 and the particles of the adhesive layer 40 are then heated to a level of a temperature sufficient to fuse the film-forming adhesive powder which, on cooling, forms an adhesive layer in which the conductive particles of the conductive layer 23 are enclosed.
• a first layer of adhesive 40 is applied to the layer of material to be painted, followed by the conductive sheet 23 and a second layer of adhesive 40.
• the complex is then heated until the Adhesive layers 40 fuse and enclose the conductive layer 23.
• the adhesive used in this embodiment may be powdery or in the form of a film.
• an adhesive layer 40 is applied by above the complex obtained according to conventional application techniques, for example by heliography, screen printing, flexography, by spraying, where appropriate in combination with a doctor blade or any other coating means, and then dried.
• This adhesive film may be textured at the level of its back intended to come against the definitive support, which has the advantage of less adhering at the time of the first laying on the final support, and facilitate the debulking during the masking.
• the adhesive layer 40 is packaged in film or is in powder form.
• a thermo-activatable adhesive film of the thermoplastic type more particularly based on poly-EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate), typically of the type of the commercial type Collano 20,600 or 20,300
• the complex is heated up to reach the melting point. adhesive, for example in an oven.
• the melting temperature of the adhesive is from about 50 ° C to about 150 ° C.
• a complex is then obtained comprising an inactive thermo-activatable adhesive layer which adheres perfectly to the remainder of the complex, but whose free surface is dry and does not stick.
• the activation temperature of the adhesive layer is about 90 ° C to 105 ° C. This temperature allows temporary bonding, and the subsequent application of the same temperature allows if desired to remove the article 1 from the wall 50 and even to stick it on a new wall.
• the powder is applied to the layer of material to be painted and then heated until it fuses to form a Inactive adhesive film that does not stick. To be able to stick the article on the wall, it is necessary to activate the layer of adhesive by contribution of heat.
• Some adhesives further contain elements that have definitive activation by application of a first condition, typically heat.
• the manufacture of the adhesive layer 40 on the article 1 must make it possible to manufacture the adhesive film or at least to fix on the layer 20 a sufficient density of adhesive particles, but must not exceed, neither the application nor the drying the activation temperature of this adhesive.
• certain adhesives may comprise a material that decomposes in a temperature range that is still greater than the activation temperature. At this temperature, the decomposition of the material creates a break in the adhesive, and allows easy removal of the article, even though the glue was formulated to be final.
• a temperature range T3 to T4 in which the adhesive can be permanently activated in which the adhesive can be permanently activated; a temperature T5 above which the adhesive is destroyed without the article or the support being damaged.
• the choice of the layer of adhesive applied to the complex thus makes it possible to obtain an article having an adhesive layer that is inactive and can be glued either temporarily, permanently or finally detached by destroying the adhesive layer by adjusting the parameters. activating said layer.
• the powder is deposited at ambient temperature and then fixed on the complex at a maximum temperature of 65 ° C.
• This sheet 1 article may be left as is or undergo optional subsequent operations:
• the sheet article 1 can be cut according to need and packaged in the form of panels or rolls, ribbons, patches for repairs.
• FIG. 3 An example of a sheet article 1 provided with the molding support 10, a surface layer 22, a layer of material to be painted 20, an intermediate layer 23 and an adhesive layer 40.
• the laying can be carried out on extremely varied supports (walls, joinery, furniture, etc.), in materials that are also varied, having flat or curved faces (but preferably regulated surfaces) according to the following process:
• the step 1 of activation of the adhesive layer 40 is done by applying heat in the form of infrared or induction when a conductive layer is present, water, ultraviolet, ultrasound or pressure on the layer.
• a heat source of the heat-gun type with or without steam provided with a temperature controller, or iron type may be used.
• the activation temperature is 90 ° C 1 15 9 C approximately.
• the adhesion of the Item 1 on the wall 50 is adjusted by heating the article in the lowest temperatures of the application range.
• thermosetting adhesive with crosslinking of the type
• the adhesive layer 40 is thermally activated by applying a temperature of between 120 and 140 ° C. The final adhesion is reached approximately after 24 hours, and the bonding is then definitive.
• the adhesive layer 40 is heated by means of an induction plate.
• a wall 50 is thus obtained successively comprising an adhesive layer 40, a conductive layer 23, a layer of material to be painted 20 and optionally one or more additional layers 22,
• the visible surface of the article 1 corresponds to the surface which was in contact with the molding support 10, and therefore has a good quality appearance.
• the molding support 10 of the article 1 which is applied to the wall 50 is a smooth PET carrier
• the visible surface of the article 1 is also flat and smooth, giving a glossy finish.
• the visible surface of the article 1 will also be smooth but with a satin or matte appearance. In any case, no finishing step is necessary in order to obtain a quality surface, which reduces both the difficulty of the application of the material to be painted and the labor required, while at the same time providing a result of quality easily reproducible.
• a single article 1 according to the invention may be insufficient to cover the entire surface of the wall. It is then sufficient to join several items 1 adjacent, leaving no space between them. The resulting seal can still be made invisible by the localized application of a material to be painted, covered by a ribbon made identical or similar to the molding support.
• the seal is covered by a conditioned tape from the sheet article, which is applied after removal of the temporary support 10.
• the ribbon is activated and placed on the seal, the small residual thickness making the seal almost invisible.
• This second method is more suited to the manufacture of a self-supporting article for which the molding support 10 is not necessary.
• a sheet article 1 obtained according to this second method therefore comprises a support layer 40 formed of an adhesive film, a layer of material to be painted 20, and optionally one or more additional layers 22, 23.
• the adhesive layer 40 is here an adhesive film in the form of a thermoplastic film already formed, for example of the Collano 20.600 or 20.300 type. Being self-supporting, this layer 40 serves to support the rest of the complex.
• the machine is fed with an activatable adhesive film 40, for example to heat.
• At least one layer of material to be painted is then applied to the adhesive layer 40.
• the layer of material to be painted is a laminate comprising a plurality of layers
• the visible layers of the layer of material to be painted are preferably of different hues in order to improve the final rendering.
• one or more additional layers 22, 23 are similarly applied but reversed to what has been described for the first method, prior to the layer of material to be painted 20, simultaneously or consecutively for the layer intended to be visible.
• the conductive layer 23 When the conductive layer 23 is in powder form, the latter is mixed with one of the layers of material to be painted 20, or is applied to the layer of adhesive 40, before the layer of material to be painted 20, so as to guarantee its membership with the rest of the complex.
• the conductive layer 23 may also be applied to the layer of adhesive 40 serving as a support, then covered with a new layer of adhesive 40, or in the form of a film, be in powder form, as we have described for the first manufacturing process.
• the article sheet 1 thus obtained is self-supporting and does not require the application of a temporary support for packaging, storage or use.
• the presence of the activatable adhesive film 40 sufficiently solidifies it, and the specific use of a layer of an activatable adhesive film (temporarily inactive) allows it to do without the protective layer.
• the sheet article 1 may be left as is or possibly undergo additional operations, such as printing the free surface of the material to be painted (or, if appropriate, the free surface of the complex when it comprises one or more surface layers 22 disposed over the layer of material to be painted) in a conventional printing machine.
• a molding support 10 having a specific surface finish is applied to the free surface of the layer of material to be painted (or, if appropriate, on the free surface of the surface layer 22) before drying thereof to obtain a sheet article 1 having a visible outer surface having a particular appearance.
• the molding support 1 can then be removed before storage of the article 1, or held in place until it is applied to the wall 50.
• the article 1 obtained according to this manufacturing process can be packaged in roll, or in the form of flat sheets.
• the application of this article in sheet 1 is similar to the application of the previously described articles, except that there is no molding support 10 to remove. It is sufficient to activate the adhesive support layer, for example by heat when it is a heat-activatable adhesive, then to apply the complex against the surface of the wall to be decorated 50.
• a protective sheet type parchment paper can be positioned on the article in the case where the heat activation of the adhesive is not made by induction.

Landscapes

• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=41566079

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 2009
  • 2009-06-03 FR FR0953657A patent/FR2946280B1/fr active Active
• 2010
  • 2010-06-03 CN CN2010800343603A patent/CN102458876A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-06-03 ES ES10724761.1T patent/ES2622184T3/es active Active
  • 2010-06-03 EP EP10724761.1A patent/EP2437948B1/de active Active
  • 2010-06-03 WO PCT/EP2010/057807 patent/WO2010139778A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2010-06-03 CN CN201611069780.0A patent/CN107081985B/zh active Active
  • 2010-06-03 BR BRPI1010786 patent/BRPI1010786B1/pt active IP Right Grant
  • 2010-06-03 US US13/376,163 patent/US9180726B2/en active Active
  • 2010-06-03 CA CA2764428A patent/CA2764428C/fr active Active
  • 2010-06-03 PT PT107247611T patent/PT2437948T/pt unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events