EP2435553A1 - Séparation électrochimique d'algues - Google Patents

Séparation électrochimique d'algues

Info

Publication number
EP2435553A1
EP2435553A1 EP10726423A EP10726423A EP2435553A1 EP 2435553 A1 EP2435553 A1 EP 2435553A1 EP 10726423 A EP10726423 A EP 10726423A EP 10726423 A EP10726423 A EP 10726423A EP 2435553 A1 EP2435553 A1 EP 2435553A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
medium
species
algae
separation
concentration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10726423A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Helmut Junge
Hilmar Franke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SEE-O-TWO Patentgesellschaft mbH
Universitaet Duisburg Essen
Original Assignee
SEE-O-TWO Patentgesellschaft mbH
Universitaet Duisburg Essen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SEE-O-TWO Patentgesellschaft mbH, Universitaet Duisburg Essen filed Critical SEE-O-TWO Patentgesellschaft mbH
Publication of EP2435553A1 publication Critical patent/EP2435553A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/02—Photobioreactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
    • C12M47/02—Separating microorganisms from the culture medium; Concentration of biomass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement and a method for B iomasseer Wegung.
  • the present invention is particularly concerned with mimicking photosynthesis for binding carbon dioxide or converting it to biomass. It is known to illuminate an algae suspension for this purpose in order to stimulate the growth of the algae. The algae consume carbon dioxide for growth and biomass production. An arrangement for biomass production is known, for example, from WO 2008/135276 A2.
  • the problem is the separation of the algae from the algal suspension or the aqueous medium.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an arrangement and a method for biomass production, wherein the biomass or a species, in particular algae, can be concentrated or separated in a simple manner.
  • One aspect of the present invention is to concentrate and / or separate the preferably living species, such as algae, electrically or electrochemically. This is preferably done by directing a direct current through the particular aqueous medium with the species, in particular an algae suspension or the like. In studies it has been found that the species is deposited and / or concentrated in particular at an anode, for example surrounding the anode in a cocoon, and / or that the species - in particular in the region of the anode - floats and is thereby concentrated or separated.
  • the species is deposited and / or concentrated in particular at an anode, for example surrounding the anode in a cocoon, and / or that the species - in particular in the region of the anode - floats and is thereby concentrated or separated.
  • the salt content of the medium 3 is subordinate. It can be either low to high. In particular, no chemicals need to be added, even though an addition of chemicals is basically possible.
  • the present invention is thus concerned with the concentration or concentration and / or with the separation or separation of biomass or a species.
  • the species can be alive or already dead.
  • the species is algae.
  • the description of the present invention will primarily focus on algae. However, the relevant statements also apply accordingly to any other species.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a proposed arrangement for biomass production
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a proposed arrangement for concentration and / or separation of a species.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a schematic, not to scale representation of an arrangement 1 for biomass production, in particular a bioreactor.
  • the arrangement 1 is used for biomass production, wherein light 2 (schematically indicated in FIG. 1) and / or carbon dioxide or hydrocarbons are fed to a liquid medium 3 containing at least one living species.
  • the medium 3 is particularly preferably carbon dioxide, in particular as a gas, possibly also as a component of a gas mixture, and / or otherwise supplied, for example in liquid or dissolved form.
  • other hydrocarbons may also be supplied to the medium 3. This can be done in a similar manner or instead of the supply of carbon dioxide. Accordingly, the comments on the supply of carbon dioxide also apply in a corresponding manner for the supply of other hydrocarbons. In the following description, however, for the sake of simplicity, often only the supply of carbon dioxide is discussed.
  • the medium 3 is in particular a suspension or the like. Accordingly, the term "liquid” is to be understood in a broad sense, so that in particular suspensions, dispersions or other mixtures or substances with liquid phases or proportions are included.
  • the medium 3 is preferably photoactive and / or biologically active.
  • a photosynthesis or other reaction requiring light 2 and / or carbon dioxide can take place in the medium 3.
  • the medium 3 contains for this purpose a biologically active species, in particular algae, other bacteria or the like.
  • the medium 3 is aqueous or contains water and / or is strongly lichtbestpathd.
  • an algal suspension is particularly preferably used as medium 3.
  • the medium 3 contains an algae mixture culture, which preferably occurs at least in similar form in rivers, ponds or the like. Such mixed cultures are namely particularly resistant to environmental influences, diseases and / or other disorders.
  • the arrangement 1 is preferably used with algae or with an algae suspension as the medium 3, the following description is primarily focused on the algae growth induced by the induced light 2. However, these statements also apply correspondingly to other species or photoactive or bioactive media 3. - A -
  • the arrangement 1 preferably has a lighting device, here with light-conducting fibers 4, for supplying the light 2.
  • a lighting device here with light-conducting fibers 4, for supplying the light 2.
  • several or all fibers 4 end in different spatial regions, in particular at least partially in different depths and / or vertical planes, in the medium 3. This allows a three-dimensional distribution of the light 2 in the medium 3, as in FIG indicated schematically by way of example.
  • the fibers 4 are flexible.
  • rigid light-conducting rods - at least in sections and / or at the outlet end into the medium 3 - can be used.
  • the fibers 4 terminate at different levels within the medium 3. However, the fibers 4 may all end differently or irregularly.
  • the fibers 4 preferably end individually, ie However, a plurality of fibers 4 may end together in the medium 3, for example as a single bundle 5.
  • the light emerges at least substantially or exclusively at the end of the respective fiber 4 and illuminates the medium 3 in the respective spatial region, as indicated by dashes in FIG. 1.
  • the arrangement 1 in particular lattice- or rod-like mounts 7 in the medium 3, which are arranged in particular in different planes or depths to hold the fibers 4 or bundles 5, 6 or lead.
  • the holders 7 form intermediate bottoms in a container or tank 8 with the medium 3 in order to allow the fibers 4 or bundles 5 or 6 to end in different spatial regions within the medium 3.
  • sunlight is preferably used for illuminating the medium 3 or the algae, even if basically any other light can be used.
  • the term "light” is preferably to be understood in a broad sense that not only visible light but, for example, alternatively or additionally also infrared light and / or ultraviolet light corresponding to the medium 3 are supplied can.
  • the supply of energy via the fibers 4 of the medium 3 can also serve purposes other than the photosynthesis and / or stimulation of the biological growth and / or the conversion of carbon dioxide into biomass provided in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the arrangement 1 or lighting device preferably has a Lichtsammei dressed, in particular a light funnel or collector mirror 10, for collecting sunlight, as shown schematically in Fig. 1.
  • the collected sunlight or other light can then be conducted via the fibers 4 or in particular a bundle 5 or 6 to the container or tank 8 with the medium 3, in particular with very low losses.
  • the arrangement 1 preferably has a supply device 11 for the supply of carbon dioxide and / or hydrocarbons, in particular for the introduction of gas, which contains in particular carbon dioxide or consists thereof.
  • gas which contains in particular carbon dioxide or consists thereof.
  • the device 11 in particular has a bottom, a sieve 12 or another suitable introduction means in order to introduce or dispense the gas, in particular in the form of gas bubbles 13, into the medium 3, as indicated schematically in FIG.
  • the supply of carbon dioxide or hydrocarbons can also be carried out in liquid or aqueous or dissolved form.
  • This type of feed can also be coupled to the gaseous feed.
  • the arrangement 1 or biomass production is preferably carried out at a pH of the medium 3 of in particular about 6.5, in particular 7 or more, and / or not more than 8.5, in particular 8 or less.
  • the pH is controlled in such a way that the pH is maintained at least substantially within the stated limits or in the stated pH range and / or is varied cyclically.
  • the control or regulation of the pH of the medium 3 is preferably carried out by appropriate control of the supply line 11 and / or by varying and / or interrupting the supply of carbon dioxide and / or other hydrocarbons. Particularly preferably, a control loop is formed.
  • the pH of the medium 3 is particularly preferably controlled or regulated by controlling the addition of carbon dioxide in particular very small gas bubbles 13. When carbon dioxide is added, it is dissolved in the water, which lowers the pH.
  • the arrangement 1 has a control device S, which controls the supply of carbon dioxide and / or hydrocarbons or the supply device 11 and / or a pump P o.
  • the control device S can vary the supply of carbon dioxide or other hydrocarbons in the desired manner and / or interrupt them in order to control or regulate the pH of the medium 3.
  • the arrangement 1 or the control device S preferably has a measuring device M which, for example, via a corresponding sensor or the like, the pH of the medium 3 or a corresponding or correlated value.
  • a measuring device M which, for example, via a corresponding sensor or the like, the pH of the medium 3 or a corresponding or correlated value.
  • the control device S then controls the supply of carbon dioxide or other hydrocarbons, preferably as a function of the detected pH value.
  • the control device S is preferably designed such that the supply of carbon dioxide or other hydrocarbons is controlled so that the pH of the medium 3 varies cyclically and / or substantially between 6.5 and 8.5, preferably between about 7 and 8, is or held.
  • the medium 3 with the species - that is, the algae suspension - is preferably circulated through an area or optionally also a separate device for the at least partial separation or removal of the species.
  • the tank 8 for example, an inlet 14 and a drain 15, which are indicated schematically in Fig. 1.
  • the mentioned circulation and / or a circulation preferably serves to stimulate algae growth.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the proposed arrangement 1 for concentration and / or separation of the species or algae will be explained below with reference to FIG.
  • This may be a separate device or device.
  • this is used in conjunction with the already described arrangement 1 or a similar arrangement or apparatus for biomass production.
  • the intended concentration and / or separation of the species or algae can also be regarded as a substep of the biomass production. Accordingly, for the proposed arrangement for concentration and / or separation of the species or algae, which is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 2, the reference numeral "1" is also used below.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a merely schematic illustration, a particularly preferred embodiment of the arrangement 1 for concentration and / or separation of the species or algae.
  • the device 1 in the illustrated embodiment, a tank or container 16 for the medium 3 with the biomass or species, here the dotted algae indicated 17 on.
  • the container 16 is in fluid communication with the tank 8 or other bioreactor.
  • the medium 3 through the tank 8 or other bioreactor or the like on the one hand and the other hand sequentially circulated, in particular so that the primary or growing in the tank 8 or bioreactor biomass or species then preferably in the container 16 of the medium 3 concentrated or concentrated and / or separated from the medium 3 or separated.
  • the container 16 is connected, for example, with an inlet 18 to the outlet 15 and with a drain 19 to the inlet 14. Accordingly, then enriched with the species or algae 17 medium 3 is introduced via the inlet 18 into the container 16 and the medium 3 after the at least partial separation or separation of the species - so the at least partially clarified medium 3 - again on the flow 19th dispensable.
  • the species or algae 17 medium 3 is introduced via the inlet 18 into the container 16 and the medium 3 after the at least partial separation or separation of the species - so the at least partially clarified medium 3 - again on the flow 19th dispensable.
  • other constructive solutions are possible.
  • the arrangement 1 has a device 20 for electrical or electrochemical concentration and / or separation of the species or algae 17.
  • the device 20 has an anode 21 extending into the medium 3, a cathode 22 extending into the medium 3, and a power supply 23 assigned to the two electrodes (anode and cathode).
  • a direct current to the electrochemical concentration and / or separation of the species or algae 17 is passed through the medium 3, or takes place an electrochemical reaction which causes the concentration / separation.
  • the direct current flows in particular between the anode 21 and the cathode 22.
  • an electric current in the medium 3 can also be generated in some other way.
  • the medium 3, in particular the water, is electrolyzed during or to the concentration and / or separation.
  • gas bubbles 24 can be formed, in particular at the anode 21, as indicated schematically in FIG. 2.
  • a concentration and / or separation of the species or algae 17 can be achieved by means of an electric current or during the electrolysis.
  • the algae 17 can accumulate or arrange around the anode 21 in the medium 3 in the manner of a deposition or attachment region or as a cocoon 25 or the like, as indicated schematically in FIG. 2. So there is a concentration of species or algae 17 in the medium 3 in particular around the anode 21 around.
  • the medium 3 flowing through the container 16 or flowing out of the container 16 via the outlet 19 then has a correspondingly reduced concentration of the species or algae 17.
  • the said concentration or accumulation or accumulation of the species or algae 17, in particular around the anode 21, can also be regarded as separation or separation from the medium 3.
  • the anode 21 it is possible to form the anode 21 in such a way that the attached species or algae 17 are removed directly from the medium 3 when the anode 21 is removed.
  • the anode 21 may for example have a lattice-like, braid-like or another, particularly suitable form.
  • a concentration of the species or algae 17 and / or separation is also possible in that the species or algae 17 float, in particular together with or through the gas bubbles 24, in particular on the anode side or by oxygen bubbles.
  • a foam with and / or from the algae 17 can form on the medium 3, as indicated only schematically in FIG. 2.
  • the anode 21 is preferably inert or passive or passivated, preferably dissolves during the passage of the stream or during the electrolysis, or at least substantially not. Experiments have shown that it is advantageous if the anode 21 is magnetic or ferrous, that contains iron. In particular, the anode 21 is made of iron or an iron alloy.
  • the iron content of the anode 21 can influence the type of algae deposition.
  • the algae 17 primarily concentrate around the anode 21.
  • the algae 17 are increasingly or predominantly deposited as a foam on the liquid or medium 3.
  • the DC is preferably used for concentration and / or separation of the species or algae 17.
  • the DC current can either be an at least substantially constant or smoothed DC current or a pulsating DC current.
  • the solution according to the invention thus makes it possible in particular to concentrate algae 17 from or in an aqueous suspension which is present in a bioreactor or the like only in diluted form.
  • the concentration or deposition takes place in particular by electrochemical means. This is a physical method that is easy to implement.
  • Electrochemical processes for the sterilization of water have been known for some time. They are used to kill bacteria and other microorganisms, especially algae. Their effect is based on the fact that at the anode 21 hypochlorides are formed, which are toxic to the species or algae. Usually sodium chloride is added in these processes. In such methods, however, no concentration or separation of algae 17 in the sense of the present invention takes place.
  • the proposed electrochemical concentration or separation of the algae 17 leads in particular to the cladding of the anode 21 with algae 17 and / or to a flotation - ie a floating - of algae 17. In both cases, a slight, possibly continuous separation of the algae 17 is possible , In particular, the anode 21 is formed such that the deposited algae 17 are again easily removable or detachable from the anode 21. In the experiments, a cell voltage of about 12 V was used. The current is 18O mA.
  • the electrochemical concentration or separation of the species or algae 17 is preferably carried out in a basic medium 3, in particular with an increased pH. Particularly preferred is an electrochemical concentration and / or separation of the algae 17 at a pH of about 10 or 11 or higher.
  • the high pH value causes the electrochemical concentration and / or separation of the species or algae 17 to start up faster or is possible with less energy expenditure. This can be explained by the correspondingly altered redox potential of the anode 21.
  • the pH can be adjusted, for example, by adding sodium hydroxide solution or in any other suitable manner.
  • the clarified water or medium 3 can then be recycled back to the bioreactor or tank 8 or the like, despite the high pH value. There, a certain neutralization can take place again due to the introduction of carbon dioxide, in particular an adjustment of the pH - Value in a desired range, as already explained above.
  • the biomass production preferably takes place in such a way that the actual biomass increase (in the case of the illustration in the tank 8) takes place at a lower pH and the subsequent concentration or separation of the species at a higher pH.
  • the pH of the medium 3 is thereby increased and decreased cyclically or alternately.
  • the photosynthesis can be imitated by means of a technical device, namely from carbon dioxide and water under the action of light biomass or CH 2 ⁇ -containing compounds and oxygen to produce.
  • the proposed arrangement 1 as a whole can also work or be referred to as a bioreactor.
  • the described invention is intended to help solve the carbon dioxide problem.
  • the proposed arrangement 1 and the proposed method for the degradation of carbon dioxide from the flue gas of fossil power plants are suitable.
  • the flue gas can optionally be simply blown from below into the container 8.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that not only can carbon dioxide be degraded, but that the biomass produced can also be used as a raw material for fuel, bioethanol, biodiesel or the like.
  • the IR fraction is separated from the sunlight, and can be used, for example, for other purposes, in particular for drying the biomass produced, such as the deposited algae 17, or the like.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une concentration électrochimique et/ou une séparation d'algues d'une suspension d'algues.
EP10726423A 2009-05-28 2010-05-27 Séparation électrochimique d'algues Withdrawn EP2435553A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009023016 2009-05-28
DE102009036528A DE102009036528A1 (de) 2009-05-28 2009-08-07 Elektrochemische Separation von Algen
PCT/EP2010/003213 WO2010136195A1 (fr) 2009-05-28 2010-05-27 Séparation électrochimique d'algues

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2435553A1 true EP2435553A1 (fr) 2012-04-04

Family

ID=43028644

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10726423A Withdrawn EP2435553A1 (fr) 2009-05-28 2010-05-27 Séparation électrochimique d'algues

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2435553A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009036528A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010136195A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2484753A1 (fr) 2011-02-04 2012-08-08 Universität Duisburg-Essen Appareil et procédé destinés à la production de biomasse
IN2015CH01991A (fr) * 2015-04-17 2015-06-26 Nat Inst Of Ocean Technology

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010534056A (ja) * 2007-02-16 2010-11-04 イオジェニックス・プロプライエタリー・リミテッド 水生生物の培養を改善するための方法
DE102007050484A1 (de) 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Universität Duisburg-Essen Anordnung und Verfahren zur dreidimensionalen Verteilung von Licht in einem flüssigen Medium

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2010136195A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009036528A1 (de) 2010-12-02
WO2010136195A1 (fr) 2010-12-02

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