EP2430683A1 - Elektrochemische zelle mit separator - Google Patents
Elektrochemische zelle mit separatorInfo
- Publication number
- EP2430683A1 EP2430683A1 EP10715731A EP10715731A EP2430683A1 EP 2430683 A1 EP2430683 A1 EP 2430683A1 EP 10715731 A EP10715731 A EP 10715731A EP 10715731 A EP10715731 A EP 10715731A EP 2430683 A1 EP2430683 A1 EP 2430683A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrochemical cell
- inorganic substance
- polyetherimide
- layer
- negative electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 titanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006370 Kynar Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical group O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006300 shrink film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004738 ULTEM® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WAKZZMMCDILMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-H barium(2+);diphosphate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WAKZZMMCDILMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007970 homogeneous dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
- H01M4/382—Lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
- H01M50/434—Ceramics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/44—Fibrous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/443—Particulate material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/451—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising layers of only organic material and layers containing inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/497—Ionic conductivity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49115—Electric battery cell making including coating or impregnating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrochemical cell comprising a positive and a negative electrode and an intervening separator comprising an inorganic substance. Further objects of the invention relate to a method for producing the cell and the separator contained in the electrochemical cell.
- High current resistant batteries are preferably used in power tools and vehicles with hybrid drive.
- the separators used therein which separate the negative electrode from the positive electrode, should be designed so as to allow easy passage of carriers through the separator. This is one of the prerequisites for generating sufficiently high currents. In general, this goal is achieved in that the separators are designed relatively thin in the form of membranes, so that the charge transport through the membranes can be carried out sufficiently easily. Typical thicknesses of the membranes are in the range of 50 ⁇ m.
- Commercially available products are, for example, membranes based on polypropylene or polyether. Commercial products are known, for example, under the names Cigard®, Setala®, Hipore®, or Exepol®.
- the thickness of the separators must not be so low that the mechanical strength suffers underneath or even uncontrolled flow of charge carriers occurs, ie the battery is short-circuited. Further Separators should also effectively prevent a possible "burn through” or “failure” of an electrochemical cell, in technical jargon also referred to as “meltdown” and “breakdown”, which can lead to the destruction of the cell and endanger the user.
- Lithium-ion batteries are, for example, "high power batteries”. In them, lithium ions travel as charge carriers through the separator.
- the object of the invention was to provide an electrochemical cell, in particular an electrochemical cell with lithium ions, which has a separator which allows a sufficiently easy passage of the charge carriers without undermining the mechanical strength of the cell or the danger of short circuits is increased, and effectively counteracts a possible "burnout" or "failure".
- an electrochemical cell comprising a positive and a negative electrode and a layer of an inorganic substance lying between the electrodes, characterized in that the layer is coated on one or both sides with a polyetherimide.
- the inorganic substance layer of the electrochemical cell thus has the function of a separator separating the negative and positive electrodes.
- one layer also includes multiple layers of one or more inorganic substances, which may be the same or different from each other.
- negative electrode means the electrode that emits electrons when connected to the load, for example, an electric motor, so that the negative electrode is the anode.
- the positive electrode is therefore the cathode.
- the electrochemical cell is characterized in that the negative electrode or the positive electrode or the negative electrode and the positive electrode are lithium-containing.
- the positive electrode may preferably be constructed in a known manner on the basis of lithium mixed oxides such as lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide or lithium iron phosphate and / or mixed oxides based on nickel, manganese and cobalt.
- the negative electrode is preferably based on carbon or lithium titanate.
- the above-defined substances for the electrodes are preferably present on support materials which preferably comprise aluminum or copper or consist of aluminum or copper.
- Electrodes as well as the separator preferably have a foil form. This means that the electrodes as well as the separator are constructed in the form of a layer or in the form of layers of the corresponding educts or substances.
- the prerequisite for achieving sufficient amperage for the separator is that it must be ion-conducting, ie that it has a porous structure. In the case of an electrochemical cell that uses lithium-ion, the separator must allow the passage of lithium ions through the separator.
- the inorganic substance layer comprises a metal oxide.
- the inorganic substance in addition to the polyetherimide layer, comprises a carrier material which is coated on at least one side with the inorganic substance, wherein an organic material, which is preferably configured as a nonwoven web, is used as the carrier material, wherein the organic material preferably a polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET), a polyolefin (PO) or a polyetherimide (PEI), wherein the inorganic substance in a temperature range of -40 ° C to 200 0 C ion conducting, wherein the inorganic, ion-conducting substance preferably at least one compound the group of oxides, phosphates, sulfates, titanates, silicates, aluminosilicates is at least one of the ele- ments Zr, Al, Li, in particular zirconium oxide, and wherein the inorganic substance preferably has particles with a largest diameter below 100 n
- material is meant a substance having a defined geometry, e.g., the shape of a film.
- said organic material is a polyethylene glycol terephthalate.
- a separator of this type is known from WO 99/62620 or can be prepared by the methods disclosed therein. Such a separator is also commercially available under the trade name Separion®.
- this separator which is present as a composite of the organic carrier material with the inorganic substance, preferably as a layered composite in film form, in the electrochemical cell according to the invention coated on one side or on both sides with the polyetherimide.
- the separator consists of the inorganic substance, wherein the inorganic substance in a temperature range of - 40 0 C to 200 ° C ion-conducting, wherein the inorganic substance is coated on one side or both sides with the polyetherimide.
- inorganic substance oxides of magnesium, calcium, aluminum, silicon and titanium, and silicates and zeolites, borates and phosphates are disclosed in EP 1 783 852.
- the separator consists of a layer of magnesium oxide which is coated on one or both sides with the polyetherimide.
- magnesium oxide by calcium oxide, barium oxide, barium carbonate, lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, barium phosphate or by lithium, sodium, potassium borate, or Mixtures of these compounds, be replaced.
- the polyetherimide, with which the inorganic substance layer is coated on one or both sides, is preferably in the form of a nonwoven fabric in the separator.
- nonwoven means that the fibers are non-woven (nonwoven fabric)
- Such nonwoven webs are known in the art and / or can be made by known methods, such as spunbonding or meltblowing. drive as described in DE 195 01 271 A1.
- Polyetherimides are known polymers and / or can be prepared by known methods. For example, such methods are disclosed in EP 0 926 201.
- Polyetherimides are commercially available, for example, under the trade name Ultem®. According to the invention, said polyetherimide can be present in the separator in one layer or in several layers, in each case on one side and / or on both sides on the layer of the inorganic material.
- the polyetherimide comprises a further polymer.
- polymers are preferably selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyolefin, polyacrylonitrile, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polystyrene.
- the further polymer is a polyolefin.
- Preferred polyolefins are polyethylene and polypropylene.
- the polyetherimide preferably in the form of the nonwoven fabric, is preferably coated with one or more layers of the further polymer, preferably of the polyolefin, which is preferably also present as nonwoven fabric.
- the coating of the polyetherimide with the further polymer, preferably the polyolefin, can be achieved by gluing, lamination, by a chemical reaction, by welding or by a mechanical connection.
- Such polymer composites and processes for their preparation are known from EP 1 852 926.
- the nonwovens are made of nanofibers of the polymers used, whereby nonwovens are formed, which have a high porosity with formation of small pore diameters. This further reduces the risk of short-circuiting reactions.
- the fiber diameters of the polyletherimide nonwoven are preferably larger than the fiber diameters of the further polymer nonwoven, preferably the polyolefin nonwoven.
- the nonwoven fabric made of polyetherimide then has a higher pore diameter than the nonwoven fabric, which is made of the further polymer.
- a polyolefin in addition to the polyetherimide ensures increased safety of the electrochemical cell, since undesirable or excessive heating of the cell, the pores of the polyolefin contract and the charge transport through the separator is reduced or terminated. Should the temperature of the electrochemical cell increase to such an extent that the polyolefin starts to melt, the polyetherimide which is very stable against the action of temperature effectively counteracts the melting together of the separator and thus an uncontrolled destruction of the electrochemical cell.
- the ability of the separator for ionic conduction can be further improved if a nonaqueous electrolyte is added to it, ie it is soaked with this electrolyte.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte comprises an organic solvent and lithium ions.
- the organic solvent is selected from ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, 1, 2-dimethoxyethane, ⁇ -butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1, 3-dioxolane, sulfolane, acetonitrile, or phosphoric acid esters, or mixtures of these solvents ,
- the lithium ions that are in the electrolyte have one or more counterions selected from AsF 6 " , PF 6 “ , PF 3 (C 2 Fs) 3 ' , PF 3 (CF 3 J 3 “ , BF 4 " , BF 2 (CFa) 2 " , BF 3 (CF 3 ) ' , [B (COOCO) 2 I CF 3 SO 3 “ , C 4 F 9 SO 3 " , [(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N] -, [C 2 F 5 SO 2 J 2 N] " , [(CN) 2 N] 1 CIO 4 " .
- electrolyte to the separator can already take place during the production of the separator, for example by methods as disclosed in EP 1 783 852.
- the electrolyte and the starting materials or substances needed for the production of the separator are combined, and then the separator containing the electrolyte is produced.
- the inorganic substance layer used for the separator may be coated with the polyetherimide according to conventional methods.
- the separator is based on an inorganic substance containing an organic carrier material, ie preferably a Separion® type
- the polyetherimide is preferably laminated with this material, preferably under the action of pressure and / or temperature, more preferably by coextrusion with the Separion® product. Type, or by gluing.
- the separator of the electrochemical cell according to the invention is based merely on an inorganic substance, ie an inorganic substance which contains no carrier material
- the polyetherimide is preferably coated with this inorganic substance.
- This coating is preferably carried out in such a way that a dispersion of the inorganic substance is applied to the polyetherimide.
- the inorganic substance is applied as a powder having a grain size of about 5-40 microns in the form of a preferably non-aqueous dispersion on the polyetherimide.
- the resulting dispersion film may then be dried or further processed, if necessary, as described below.
- the inorganic substance layer is formed directly on the negative or the positive electrode or the negative and the positive electrode.
- the inorganic substance is applied as a paste or dispersion directly to the negative electrode and / or the positive electrode. Coextrusion then forms a laminate composite.
- Such methods are disclosed, for example, in EP 1 783 852.
- the laminate composite then comprises an electrode and the separator or the two electrodes and the separator between them.
- the resulting composite can be dried or sintered according to the usual methods, if necessary.
- the negative electrode and the positive electrode and the inorganic substance layer that is, the separator
- the inorganic substance is then preferably present in the form of a film.
- the separately prepared electrodes and the separator are then continuously and separately supplied to a processor unit, wherein the merged negative electrode with the separator and the positive electrode are laminated into a cell assembly.
- the processor unit preferably comprises or consists of laminating rollers. Such a method is known from WO 01/82403.
- the resulting composite is then wound on a winding machine, so that a winding cell is formed. It is also possible to introduce at least one of the electrodes, preferably both electrodes, or the reactant mixtures from which the negative and the positive electrode are produced, and to laminate them with the substances or materials used to produce the separator ,
- the positive or the negative electrode or the positive and the negative electrode can be coated with the inorganic substance which the separator comprises, depending on the embodiment, with or without carrier material.
- a coextrusion with the polyetherimide which is preferably in the form of a nonwoven fabric.
- the polyetherimide is coated with a polyolefin.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing the electrochemical cell according to the invention, characterized in that the positive or the negative electrode or the positive and the negative electrode are coated with the inorganic substance.
- the inorganic substance is present as a film.
- An embodiment of the method is characterized in that the positive or the negative electrode or the positive and the negative electrode and the substances or materials used to produce the separator are laminated together.
- lamination is by paste extrusion.
- a further subject of the invention is also a separator, comprising an inorganic substance, for an electrochemical cell, preferably for the electrochemical cell of the invention, characterized in that it is coated on one or both sides with a polyetherimide.
- the separator comprises the embodiments defined above, ie the layer of the inorganic substance coated with polyetherimide, which may comprise an organic carrier material, or which may also be present without organic carrier material.
- Another object of the invention is also a process for the preparation of the separator according to the invention, characterized in that a layer of an inorganic substance is coated on one side or on both sides with a polyetherimide.
- dimethylformamide polyetherimide fibers are electrostatically spun with a mean fiber diameter of about 2 microns and this processed into a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of about 30 microns.
- Binders are mixed together and dispersed in a disperser until a homogeneous dispersion is formed.
- a dispersion prepared under b) is applied to the fleece produced under a), so that the applied layer has a thickness of approximately 40 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 a The nonwoven fabric produced according to Example 1 a) is bonded by means of a polypropylene nonwoven fabric prepared analogously thereto with an average fiber diameter of about 2 ⁇ m and a thickness of 30 ⁇ m by ultrasonic welding.
- Example 1 b) The mixture prepared according to Example 1 b) is applied in each case in a thickness of 30 microns to the products prepared according to Example 1 d) and e).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009021230A DE102009021230A1 (de) | 2009-05-14 | 2009-05-14 | Elektrochemische Zelle mit Separator |
| PCT/EP2010/002638 WO2010130339A1 (de) | 2009-05-14 | 2010-04-29 | Elektrochemische zelle mit separator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2430683A1 true EP2430683A1 (de) | 2012-03-21 |
Family
ID=42222695
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10715731A Withdrawn EP2430683A1 (de) | 2009-05-14 | 2010-04-29 | Elektrochemische zelle mit separator |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120148899A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2430683A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2012527064A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20120057580A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN102422462A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102009021230A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010130339A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20160040614A (ko) | 2013-07-31 | 2016-04-14 | 아쿠아하이드렉스 프로프라이어터리 리미티드 | 기체 확산 전극(들)을 가지는 전기-합성 또는 전기-에너지 전지 |
| DE102014225451A1 (de) | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Lithium-Ionen-Zelle |
| CN106898718B (zh) * | 2015-12-18 | 2020-03-31 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种聚合物复合膜及其制备方法、锂离子电池 |
| JP6907557B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-24 | 2021-07-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電池の製造方法 |
| CA3127358A1 (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-06 | Aquahydrex, Inc. | Electrochemical system with confined electrolyte |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5492781A (en) | 1994-01-18 | 1996-02-20 | Pall Corporation | Battery separators |
| US6221940B1 (en) | 1997-12-23 | 2001-04-24 | General Electric Company | Polyetherimide resin compositions with improved ductility |
| CA2299472A1 (en) | 1998-06-03 | 1999-12-09 | Creavis Gesellschaft Fur Technologie Und Innovation Mbh | Hydrophobic permeable composite, method for producing said composite and use of the same |
| DE10020031C2 (de) | 2000-04-22 | 2002-05-29 | Franz W Winterberg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von wiederaufladbaren Lithium-Polymer-Batterien |
| DE10031281A1 (de) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-10 | Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh | Polyelektrolytbeschichteter, stoffdurchlässiger Verbundwerkstoff, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und die Verwendung des Verbundwerkstoffes |
| DE10061959A1 (de) * | 2000-12-13 | 2002-06-20 | Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh | Kationen-/protonenleitende, mit einer ionischen Flüssigkeit infiltrierte keramische Membran, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und die Verwendung der Membran |
| DE10308945B4 (de) | 2003-02-28 | 2014-02-13 | Dilo Trading Ag | Li-Polymer-Batterien mit Separator-Dispersion und Verfahren für ihre Herstellung |
| US7087343B2 (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2006-08-08 | Celgard, Inc. | High melt integrity battery separator for lithium ion batteries |
| KR100816599B1 (ko) * | 2004-12-13 | 2008-03-24 | 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시키가이샤 | 리튬이온 2차전지 |
| DE102006021273A1 (de) * | 2006-05-05 | 2007-11-08 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Separator zur Anordnung in Batterien und Batterie |
| CN102388483B (zh) * | 2009-01-12 | 2016-04-06 | A123系统有限责任公司 | 叠层电池及其制备方法 |
-
2009
- 2009-05-14 DE DE102009021230A patent/DE102009021230A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-04-29 CN CN2010800213258A patent/CN102422462A/zh active Pending
- 2010-04-29 WO PCT/EP2010/002638 patent/WO2010130339A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2010-04-29 JP JP2012510131A patent/JP2012527064A/ja active Pending
- 2010-04-29 EP EP10715731A patent/EP2430683A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-04-29 KR KR1020117029878A patent/KR20120057580A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-04-29 US US13/319,698 patent/US20120148899A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2010130339A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102422462A (zh) | 2012-04-18 |
| WO2010130339A1 (de) | 2010-11-18 |
| KR20120057580A (ko) | 2012-06-05 |
| US20120148899A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
| JP2012527064A (ja) | 2012-11-01 |
| WO2010130339A8 (de) | 2011-02-24 |
| DE102009021230A1 (de) | 2010-12-16 |
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