EP2422066A1 - Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une soupape d'injection - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une soupape d'injection

Info

Publication number
EP2422066A1
EP2422066A1 EP10709516A EP10709516A EP2422066A1 EP 2422066 A1 EP2422066 A1 EP 2422066A1 EP 10709516 A EP10709516 A EP 10709516A EP 10709516 A EP10709516 A EP 10709516A EP 2422066 A1 EP2422066 A1 EP 2422066A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
electromagnetic actuator
armature
valve needle
acceleration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10709516A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2422066B1 (fr
Inventor
Helerson Kemmer
Holger Rapp
Anh-Tuan Hoang
Achim Deistler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2422066A1 publication Critical patent/EP2422066A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2422066B1 publication Critical patent/EP2422066B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2055—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit with means for determining actual opening or closing time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an injection valve, in particular an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, in which a component of the injection valve, in particular a valve needle, is driven by means of an electromagnetic author.
  • This object is achieved in the operating method of the type mentioned in the present invention that in dependence on at least one electrical operating variable of the electromagnetic actuator, the acceleration of a movable component of the electromagnetic actuator, in particular a magnet armature of the electromagnetic actuator, characterizing size is formed, and that in dependence the quantity characterizing the acceleration is related to an operating condition of the electromagnetic actuator
  • Injector is closed.
  • the acceleration of a movable component of the electromagnetic actuator, in particular of the magnet armature, characterizing size has a value characterizing the operating state or the state transition and / or time characteristic, so that precise information about an operating state of the injection valve can be obtained from the consideration according to the invention of the variable characterizing the acceleration.
  • the acceleration-based method according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to obtain information about one
  • the valve needle preferably in a closing direction of the valve needle, spring-loaded, the armature is connected to the valve needle, that the armature relative to a direction of movement of the valve needle with a non-disappearing mechanical clearance is movable relative to the valve needle , And from a characteristic feature of the acceleration of the armature characterizing magnitude is concluded that the armature detaches from the valve needle.
  • the impact of the valve needle on its associated valve seat (closing time) can be determined particularly advantageous, because in this case the armature of the valve needle below
  • Magnetic anchor exercises The armature moves itself accordingly in contrast to the valve needle initially in the closing direction, but henceforth with a lower acceleration. Conventional methods based solely on the evaluation of the speed of the magnet armature do not allow the detection of the present invention in the present configuration
  • the method according to the invention by utilizing the variable characterizing the acceleration of the magnet armature, enables precise information as to when the magnet armature releases itself from the valve needle or when the valve needle has reached its closed position in the region of the valve seat.
  • the operating method according to the invention is used as the electrical operating variable of the electromagnetic actuator applied to a solenoid coil of the electromagnetic actuator actuator voltage, and the first time derivative of the actuator voltage is formed as the acceleration of the armature characterizing size. For example, it can advantageously be concluded from the occurrence of a local minimum of the first time derivative of the actuator voltage that the magnet armature is released from the valve needle.
  • a particularly simple and reliable evaluation of the size characterizing the acceleration is, according to a further advantageous variant of the invention, possible if an actuator current flowing through the magnet coil is impressed to a predeterminable value.
  • Particularly advantageous is a temporally constant actuator current, more preferably also a vanishing actuator current, impressed.
  • an actuator current flowing through a magnet coil of the electromagnetic actuator in order to determine the acceleration of the actuator Magnetankers characterizing size, in this case the first time derivative of the Aktorstroms to determine.
  • variable characterizing the acceleration it is also possible to compare a time profile of the variable characterizing the acceleration with a predetermined reference curve or also other features such as a bend over time or the like identify.
  • a particularly precise determination of the operating state of the injector is again given when - in the case of detecting the actuator current - an applied to the solenoid of the electromagnetic actuator actuator voltage to a predetermined value, in particular zero, impressed, which by a corresponding control of the injection valve can be accomplished by controlling ECU final stage.
  • a first electrical operating variable of the electromagnetic actuator is detected and supplied to an observer member, which transmits the electromagnetic actuator without
  • the observer member determines an observed second electrical operating variable of the electromagnetic actuator that the observed second electrical operating variable is compared with a detected second electrical operating variable, and that the acceleration characterizing variable in dependence of the comparison result.
  • the comparison result obtained using the observer member has significant information about an operating state of the injection valve and therefore advantageous for Determination of opening and / or closing times of the injection valve can be used.
  • Control variables of the injection valve or its electromagnetic actuator can determine the operating method according to the invention by the evaluation of the acceleration characterizing magnitude of the precise determination of an actual hydraulic opening or closing time, in which the valve needle lifts from its closing seat and again impinges on its closing seat.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with a plurality of injection valves operated according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2a to 2c schematically show a detail view of an injection valve from FIG. 1 in three different operating states
  • FIG. 3 shows a simplified flow chart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a time profile of operating variables of the injection valve considered according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a further time course according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a simple electrical equivalent circuit diagram of the electromagnetic
  • FIG. 7 shows a block diagram corresponding to the equivalent circuit diagram according to FIG. 6, and FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a method for determining a correction variable using an observer member according to FIG. 7.
  • an internal combustion engine bears the reference numeral 10 as a whole. It comprises a tank 12, from which a delivery system 14 delivers fuel into a common rail 16. To this several electromagnetically operated injection valves 18a to 18d are connected, which inject the fuel directly into them associated combustion chambers 20a to 2Od. The operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is controlled or regulated by a control and regulating device 22 which, among other things, also controls the injection valves 18a to 18d.
  • FIGS. 2a to 2c schematically show the injection valve 18a according to FIG. 1 in a total of three different operating states.
  • the further injection valves 18b, 18c, 18d illustrated in FIG. 1 have a corresponding structure and functionality.
  • the injection valve 18a has an electromagnetic actuator which has a magnetic coil 26 and a magnetic armature 30 cooperating with the magnetic coil 26.
  • the magnet armature 30 is connected to a valve needle 28 of the injection valve 18 a, that it relative to the valve needle 28 is movable relative to a direction of movement of the valve needle 28 in Figure 2a with a non-disappearing mechanical clearance.
  • the mountability of the injection valve 18 a is improved and an undesirable bouncing of the valve needle 28 in the
  • the axial play of the armature 30 is limited to the valve needle 28 by two stops 32 and 34.
  • at least the lower stop 34 in FIG. 2a could also be realized by a region of the housing of the injection valve 18a.
  • valve needle 28 is acted upon by a valve spring 36 as shown in Figure 2a with a corresponding spring force against the valve seat 38 in the region of the housing 40.
  • the injection valve 18a is shown in its open state.
  • the armature 30 is moved by energizing the solenoid 26 in Figure 2a upwards, so that it moves out of its valve seat 38 against the spring force by engaging in the stop 32, the valve needle 28.
  • fuel 42 can be injected from the injection valve 18a into the combustion chamber 20a (FIG. 1).
  • valve needle 28 moves toward its valve seat 38 under the action of the spring force exerted by the valve spring 36 and carries the magnet armature 30 with it. A power transmission from the valve needle 28 to the
  • a first step 100 of the method according to the invention at least one electrical operating variable of the electromagnetic actuator 26, 30 is detected. This may be, for example, an actuator voltage applied to the magnetic coil 26 or else an actuator current flowing through the magnetic coil 26.
  • a variable characterizing the acceleration of a movable component of the electromagnetic actuator 26, 30, in particular of the magnet armature 30 of the electromagnetic actuator is formed as a function of the at least one electrical operating variable of the electromagnetic actuator 26, 30, which takes place in step 1.
  • an operating state of the injection valve 18a is finally closed in step 120.
  • the operating method according to the invention can be used to determine an actual hydraulic closing time at which the valve needle 28 (FIG. 2 a) encounters its valve seat 38.
  • the operating method according to the invention is used as an electrical operating variable of the electromagnetic actuator applied to the solenoid 26 actuator voltage u, and as the acceleration of the armature 30 characterizing size, the first time derivative ⁇ l the actuator voltage u is formed and used.
  • Figure 4 shows an example of a simplified time course of a needle stroke h of the valve needle 28 ( Figure 2a) and a corresponding section of the time course of the first time derivative ⁇ the actuator voltage u.
  • the first time derivative .alpha of the actuator voltage u when the valve needle strikes its valve seat 38 has a local minimum Mu, which represents a clearly discernible deviation from the otherwise exponentially decaying time profile of the first derivative ⁇ .
  • this local minimum Mu results from the fact that, when the valve needle 28 strikes its valve seat 38, the armature 30 loosens from the valve needle 28 by virtue of the non-vanishing mechanical backlash and initially continues in the closing direction, that is to say in FIG. 2b down, moving forward, before he hits the stop 34.
  • the actual hydraulic closing time t2 of the injection valve 18a (FIG. 2a) can be ascertained.
  • a particularly precise detection of the local minimum Mu is possible if in the time range of interest around the closing time t2 an actuator current flowing through the magnetic coil 26 is impressed to a predeterminable value, preferably a constant value, in particular zero.
  • the time derivative ⁇ of the actuator voltage u can be subjected to filtering for interference suppression and thus more efficient signal processing before the evaluation, it being advantageous to carry out the differentiation of the actuator voltage u and the filtering of the derived signal in one step, e.g. by filtering the voltage signal u by means of a
  • variable characterizing the acceleration of the magnet armature 30 may also depend on the current flowing through the magnet coil 26
  • Aktorstroms i are formed.
  • the magnitude that characterizes the acceleration of the magnet armature 30 is the first time derivative l of the actuator current i.
  • Figure 5 shows a time course of the Nadelhubs h, as he already under
  • FIG. 5 also shows schematically a section of the time profile of the first time derivative J of the actuator current i considered according to the invention.
  • Magnetankers 30 characterizing size used first time derivative i of the actuator current i a local maximum Mi or a kink at the time t2, to which the valve needle 28 impinges on the valve seat 38. Therefore, according to the invention, the local maximum Mi or the bend at the time t2 can be analyzed and used as a criterion for the actual hydraulic closing of the injection valve 18a.
  • a particularly precise evaluation of the first time derivative t of the actuator current i is in turn possible when the actuator voltage u applied to the magnet coil 26 of the electromagnetic actuator 26, 30 is impressed on a presettable value, in particular zero.
  • the time derivative i of the actuator current i can be subjected to filtering for interference suppression and thus more efficient signal processing before the evaluation, it being advantageous to carry out the differentiation of the actuator current i and the filtering of the derived signal in one step, e.g. by filtering the current signal i by means of a
  • a first electrical operating variable of the electromagnetic actuator 26, 30 is detected and fed to an observer member which simulates the electromagnetic actuator 26, 30 without consideration of the retroactivity of an armature movement to electrical operating variables of the electromagnetic actuator, wherein the observer member an observed second electrical operating variable of the electromagnetic actuator determined.
  • the observed second electrical operating variable is compared according to the invention with a detected second electrical operating variable and the acceleration characterizing variable is determined as a function of the comparison result.
  • FIG. 6 shows a simplified equivalent circuit diagram of the magnetic actuator 26, 30
  • FIG. 2a wherein the reference numeral 46 denotes a main current path and the reference numeral 48, an eddy current path.
  • the resistor R 5 in this case represents a series resistance of the magnetic coil 26 (FIG. 2 a).
  • the inductive elements L h , L 0 represent the respective inductance of the main current path 46 and the eddy current path 48.
  • the resistance R w * represents an ohmic resistance of the eddy current path 48.
  • the current i m flows through the main current path, while the current i w * flows through the eddy current path 48.
  • the currents i m , i w * together form the drive current i, with which the electromagnetic actuator 26, 30 is acted upon by the control unit 22.
  • Actuator 26, 30 is as already described, the actuator voltage u.
  • FIG. 7 shows a block diagram which realizes the function of the equivalent circuit diagram described above with reference to FIG.
  • the eddy current path 48 is represented in the block diagram in accordance with FIG. 7 by an integrator with the time constant T ⁇ and an associated proportional element with the gain K Rw .
  • the main current path 46 is represented in the block diagram according to FIG. 7 by the integrator with the time constant T h (not further described ) and a proportional element with the gain K Rs assigned to this integrator.
  • Figure 8 shows a structure of the observer member 56 according to the invention, the input side, as already described, the actuator voltage u is supplied, and outputs at its output an observed actuator current ib.
  • the adder 58 By means of the adder 58, a comparison is made between the observed actuator current ib and the actual measured actuator current i, for example, measured, which leads to the comparison result .DELTA.ib.
  • the comparison result ⁇ ib is supplied to the feedback element 60, which forms an output quantity u kOrr therefrom , which is subtracted via the adder 62 from the detected actuator voltage u.
  • the feedback element 60 may be formed, for example, as a proportional element, as a proportional-integral element or as a feedback element of higher order and / or more complex structure.
  • the current ib observed by the observer element 56 is tracked to the current i measured by measurement. Since the difference between the real electromagnetic actuator 26, 30 and the replica shown in Figure 8 a corresponding control path in the observer member 56 in a lack of reaction of the armature movement, the output quantity U corr exact this reaction, this reaction has a proportionality to the speed of the armature 30. At the time of closing the injection valve 18a (FIG. 2a), as already described, there is no abrupt change in the speed of the magnet armature 30, but only the valve needle 28.
  • the gradient of the output quantity U corr to the closing time t 2 (FIG. 4) is usually subjected to a sign change, which leads to an extremum in the temporal course of the output quantity u kOrr .
  • This extremum is inventively detected and used as a signal for the closing time t2 of the injection valve 18a.
  • Magnetic armature 30 and the output u kOrr be influenced.
  • a filtering of interference signals can thereby be carried out, resulting in an even more precise evaluation.
  • the method described with reference to FIGS. 6, 7, 8 advantageously operates independently of an actual actuator current i, an actuator voltage u or an impression of one or both of these variables and, in particular, also independent of an optionally existing operative connection between the two variables u, i.
  • an internal size of the feedback element 60 can be used to detect the closing time t2 (FIG. 4). If the feedback element 60 is designed, for example, as a proportional-integral element, instead of the output quantity U corr, for example, only the integral component of the feedback quantity can be used. If less stringent requirements are placed on the significance of the output signal U korr with regard to the closing time t 2, the scatter path 48 of the equivalent circuit diagram depicted in FIG. 6 can also be neglected, resulting in a simpler evaluation.
  • the inventive method is also suitable for closing time detection in conventional injectors with a rigid coupling between the electromagnetic actuator and the valve needle.
  • the observer member 56 described with reference to FIG. 8 can be embodied both digitally and analogously and is preferably implemented in a computing unit of the controller 22 (FIG. 1).
  • the operating method according to the invention also makes it possible to detect other operating states or state transitions of the injection valve 18a (FIG. 2a), which are accompanied by a correspondingly characteristic change in the acceleration of the armature 30.
  • the operating method according to the invention also makes it possible to detect other operating states or state transitions of the injection valve 18a (FIG. 2a), which are accompanied by a correspondingly characteristic change in the acceleration of the armature 30.
  • the information obtained according to the invention is used to control an operation of the injection valves 18a,... 18d.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une soupape d'injection (18a), en particulier d'un moteur à combustion interne (10) d'un véhicule à moteur, procédé selon lequel un composant de la soupape d'injection (18a), en particulier un pointeau de soupape (28), est entraîné au moyen d'un actionneur électromagnétique (26, 30). L'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'on forme, en fonction d'au moins une grandeur de fonctionnement électrique de l'actionneur électromagnétique (26, 30), une grandeur caractérisant l'accélération d'un composant mobile de l'actionneur électromagnétique, en particulier d'une armature d'aimant (30) de l'actionneur électromagnétique, et en ce qu'en fonction de la grandeur caractérisant l'accélération, on détermine un état de fonctionnement de la soupape d'injection (18a).
EP10709516.8A 2009-04-20 2010-03-18 Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une soupape d'injection Active EP2422066B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009002483A DE102009002483A1 (de) 2009-04-20 2009-04-20 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Einspritzventils
PCT/EP2010/053503 WO2010121868A1 (fr) 2009-04-20 2010-03-18 Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une soupape d'injection

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2422066A1 true EP2422066A1 (fr) 2012-02-29
EP2422066B1 EP2422066B1 (fr) 2016-11-09

Family

ID=42227767

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10709516.8A Active EP2422066B1 (fr) 2009-04-20 2010-03-18 Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une soupape d'injection

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20120101707A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2422066B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5474178B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102405342B (fr)
DE (1) DE102009002483A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010121868A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120101707A1 (en) 2012-04-26
WO2010121868A1 (fr) 2010-10-28
CN102405342A (zh) 2012-04-04
JP5474178B2 (ja) 2014-04-16
CN102405342B (zh) 2014-10-29
EP2422066B1 (fr) 2016-11-09
DE102009002483A1 (de) 2010-10-21
JP2012524210A (ja) 2012-10-11

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