EP2414979A2 - Procédé et système de filigranage - Google Patents

Procédé et système de filigranage

Info

Publication number
EP2414979A2
EP2414979A2 EP10725498A EP10725498A EP2414979A2 EP 2414979 A2 EP2414979 A2 EP 2414979A2 EP 10725498 A EP10725498 A EP 10725498A EP 10725498 A EP10725498 A EP 10725498A EP 2414979 A2 EP2414979 A2 EP 2414979A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
users
media content
watermark
list
user
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10725498A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Shiguo Lian
Yuan Dong
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orange SA
Original Assignee
France Telecom SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by France Telecom SA filed Critical France Telecom SA
Publication of EP2414979A2 publication Critical patent/EP2414979A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/10—Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to digital right management and more specifically to media watermarking.
  • Watermarking is a suitable solution for digital right management in media distribution. Indeed, a watermark corresponding to a user may be embedded into a media content so as to further identify said user.
  • a watermark corresponds to a unique user code, such as user ID (identification) that allows in particular identifying the user associated with a given copy of the media content.
  • Watermarking is widely used for copyright protection as it allows embedding ownership information into a media content imperceptibly and is further used to identify the ownership of said media content.
  • document US6442283 Multimedia data embedding
  • Document US6539475 “Method and system for protecting digital data from unauthorized copying” (Cox et al., March 2003) proposes a method to embed identifier information into a media content.
  • Document US7044395 "Embedding object identifiers in media objects compatible with object identification standards” (Davis, Bruce L., Rhoads, Geoffrey B.) proposes a method using watermarking to resist unauthorized copying.
  • few existing solutions consider the content distribution in networks, especially in social networks that is becoming more and more popular.
  • Each watermark is embedded by each user in a portion of media content respectively produced said each user. Then all the portions are combined to derive the whole watermarked media content.
  • a drawback of this solution is that each user has to embed his partial watermark in his portion of media content and send said watermarked portion to the central server.
  • the invention proposes a method for collaboratively watermarking a media content available on a media server and produced by users in a first list of users, said media content comprising a first watermark embedded therein identifying the users of said first list of users, said method comprising, for an additional user that does not belong to the first list of users and modifies the media content, the acts of: - obtaining the modified media content,
  • the present invention allows protecting the copyright of a media content shared by a plurality of users on an entity (e.g. a server) of a social network.
  • Said media content is first embedded with a watermark corresponding to the user who first creates/initiates and/or uploads it into the social network.
  • a watermark corresponding to the users who have modified the media content is further embedded each time a user edit and modify the media content in the social network. This allows protecting, for the shared media content, the copyright for all the users who have contributed to the media content.
  • the users who have been cooperatively involved in the media content edition may then share the copyright of the media content. Indeed, in the partial watermarking of the prior art, the users had to watermark themselves the media content each with a partial watermark then the media content had to be combined. With the present invention, users do not need to perform any action each time they modify the content.
  • the watermarking may be performed for example by a social network edition software or a specific application in the social network: for example, copyright related operations may be performed by an on-line application provided by a social network manager, while the users' experience is not affected. Moreover, there is no media content combination and the quality of the media content is preserved.
  • Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that all the media content in the social network may be watermarked.
  • the watermark in a given media content may reveal for example who uploaded or edited the content.
  • the invention also proposes a media server according to claim 6.
  • the invention also proposes a system according to claim 10.
  • the invention also proposes a readable computer program according to claim 11.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates the context according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 schematically illustrates the method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 schematically illustrates a flowchart according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 schematically illustrates a watermark generation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 schematically illustrates a watermark database according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 schematically illustrates a watermark sequence generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 schematically illustrates a watermark embedding during uploading or creation of a media content according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 schematically illustrates a watermark embedding during media content modification according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 schematically illustrates a watermark identification according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 10 schematically illustrates a watermark generation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • routers, servers, nodes, gateways or other entities in a communication network are not detailed as their implementation is beyond the scope of the present system and method.
  • the exemplary embodiment will be described hereafter in its application to a media server of a communication network. This is in no way limiting as the present teachings may be applied to other systems for collaboratively watermarking a media content using the method described in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 describes an illustrative embodiment of the system according to the invention.
  • a media content 100 may be edited by a plurality of users user 1, user 2... user n. Users may belong to a list of users that are allowed to access said media content 100.
  • the media content 100 is shared by the plurality of users in a communication network.
  • the media content may either be stored for instance on a media server (e.g. managed by a social network application such as Youtube TM) or on the computer of a user.
  • a user 1 firstly creates or initiates the media content 100 either on his computer or directly on a media server.
  • the media content is then embedded with a first watermark Wl (or watermarked) that corresponds to said user 1.
  • the watermarking operation may either be performed when user 1 uploads the media content 100 from his computer to the media server or also when the media content 100 is created directly on the media server. Consequently, when another user, user 2, accesses (or edits) and modifies the media content 100, a check is performed to detect an embedded watermark. Wl is detected and a new watermark corresponding to users 1 and 2 is further embedded. Each time a new user modifies the media content 100, a new watermark corresponding to all the users who have modified the media content 100 is further embedded into said media content 100.
  • a social network e.g., Youtube TM, Tudou TM, etc..
  • a social network provides the media server to share media content and facilities to create, produce, edit, modify said media content.
  • share the content users may upload their media content and share it with other users
  • share the producing facilities or abilities wherein users may work together on a given media content.
  • a user may perform operations such as user registration/login, media content uploading, shared media content edition and media content consuming. These operations are supported by the social network manager (in software forms).
  • User registration/login records the user profile or access histories.
  • Content uploading means to upload the content to the social network.
  • Shared content edition means to edit the content in the social network.
  • edition there are two types of edition, i.e., online edition or offline edition.
  • the former one needs the online edition software supported by the social network manager, while the latter one may be performed using a general edition software.
  • Figure 11 describes an illustrative embodiment of the system according to the invention.
  • an operative coupling may include one or more of a wired connection and/or a wireless connection between two or more devices that enables a one and/or two-way communication path between the devices and/or portions thereof.
  • an operative coupling may include a wired and/or wireless coupling to enable communication between a social network server and one or more user devices.
  • a further operative coupling, in accordance with the present system may include one or more couplings between two or more user devices, such as via a telecommunication network in accordance with an embodiment of the present system.
  • a media server 1100 of a communication network 1110 may be accessed by a plurality of users i, j, k etc...
  • a social network manager 1120 (typically a software application) is installed on or operatively coupled to said media server 1100 to manage users and media contents of the social network 1105.
  • Media contents are stored in a Media content database 1150 or uploaded by users.
  • a watermark unit 1130 is used to watermark media content according to the method of the present invention.
  • a watermark database 1140 allows storing watermarks corresponding to users that create, upload, access or modify a media content.
  • illustrating the entities 1100 to 1150 as separate parts is in no way limiting as these parts could be hosted by the same node or server, for instance media server 1100, by a same telecommunication device, or being operatively linked to each other.
  • illustrating the media server 1100 as comprising the social network manager 1120 comprising itself three parts is in no way limiting as all these parts or entities could be hosted by the same node or server, or being operatively linked to each other.
  • the multi-parts presentation helps illustrating the different tasks performed by the media server 1100 and the social network manager 1120 in the present system.
  • Figure 12 describes an illustrative embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention allows collaboratively watermarking a media content available on a media server and produced by users in a first list of users, said media content comprising a first watermark embedded therein identifying the users of said first list of users, said method comprising, for an additional user that does not belong to the first list of users and modifies the media content, the acts of: - obtaining the modified media content (act 1210),
  • Figure 2 describes an illustrative embodiment of the method according to the invention in reference to Figure 11.
  • the first list of users is limited to user i
  • user j is an additional user distinct from user i and, when user j obtains the media content, it comprises a watermark embedded therein that corresponds to the first list of users, namely to user i.
  • a media content 100 may be first created or initiated by a user i.
  • the creation may be performed for instance:
  • a watermark Wi corresponding to user i is embedded into said media content.
  • Said watermark Wi may be created by the watermark unit 1130 before the media content creation or upload is completed and then stored in the watermark database 1140 or may be created at the time of embedding by the watermark unit 1130 and also stored in the watermark database 1140.
  • the media content may be optionally stored in the media content database 1150.
  • the media content database 1150 is accessed (for example, by the social network manager 1120) and the media content comprising watermark Wi corresponding to user i is retrieved.
  • a watermark Wj corresponding to user j may be created or may have been previously created and stored in watermark database 1140.
  • User j may then modify the media content (for instance using a specific edition application provided by the social network manager 1120).
  • user j may download the media content before modifying it then upload it when modifications are done onto the social network manager 1120 for further watermarking and storage according to the present invention.
  • the media content is embedded with a watermark Wi+j corresponding to users i and j so as to further identify the users who have accessed and modified the media content.
  • watermark i Before embedding watermark Wi+j, watermark i may be removed or left into the media content.
  • Watermark Wi+j allows identifying users i and j using for instance a table stored on the watermark database 1140 and linking users with their corresponding watermark (described here under in reference to Figure 5).
  • Watermark Wl+j may be reversible, i.e. created from watermark Wi and watermark Wj allowing identifying users i and j or may be created independently from watermarks Wi and Wj. In the latter case, a correspondence table allows further identifying users i and j from the watermark WiJ.
  • user j If user j, further create a new media content, it will be embedded with watermark Wj or a new watermark W'j (for instance if watermarks depend on time).
  • Users may belong to an authorized list that allows only said users to access and modified a given media content. There may be an optional registration step that allows registering said users to the authorized list and optionally create their corresponding watermarks by the watermark unit 1130 and store them in the watermark database 1140.
  • Figure 3 describes a flowchart according to an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention, wherein a user i 301 and a user j 303 share a media content via a social network manager 302.
  • a preliminary act of user registration 310 In a preliminary act of user registration 310:
  • watermark i corresponding to user i 301 is initialized or created (then may be stored in a database),
  • watermark j corresponding to user j 303 is initialized or created (then may be stored in a database).
  • User registration for user i and user j may be performed independently from each other, or registration of one user may result for instance from an invitation from the other user as known in social networks.
  • a given watermark corresponding to a given user may be initialized, initiated or created independently from the user registration step.
  • User i may further upload a media content C 321 in act 320 of content uploading. Said media content C 321 is then embedded, on the social network manager 302, with the watermark i in act 325, the resulting media content being C. Then, user j, in an act 330 of shared content edition, accesses or edits and then modifies the shared content C in act 332 to generate a new media content which is further embedded (or updated) in act 334 with a watermark (i+j)
  • Watermark (i+j) corresponds to both users i and j and indicates that both users have previously modified the media content.
  • Watermark (i+j) may either be a combination of watermarks i and j or a brand new watermark, as long as it further allows identifying that users i and j (i.e. the set of users ⁇ i,j ⁇ ) have modified (in other words, brought a contribution to) the media content so that they can share copyrights. Consequently, watermarks identifying each user and each set of users should be stored for further identification of users who have contributed to the generation of the media content and thus share copyrights.
  • the media content may be edited and modified by different users, wherein each of them shares the copyright of the media content.
  • a new watermark may be embedded or not.
  • the present method may also be applied to a media content which is only accessed or edited, but not necessarily modified.
  • the watermark i 325 may either be removed or left into the media content C when the watermark (i+j) 335 is embedded.
  • FIG. 4 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark generation according to the invention.
  • a user i sends a registration request to the social network manager 302.
  • the social network manager 302 checks the requested account availability. For example, whether the user's profile is filled out completely or whether the user name is repeated.
  • the watermark sequence may a n- length random sequence (composed of 1 O' or T).
  • the sequence may be generated by a watermark sequence generator, an example of which is further described here under in reference to Figure 6.
  • the social network manager 302 writes the watermark sequence into a Watermark Database 440.
  • the Watermark Database 440 may be updated for example when a new user registers or a user modifies other users' content.
  • Figure 5 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark database 1 140 according to the invention.
  • the record or table of Watermark Database allows associating a watermark to the corresponding given user or given set of users and may comprise (but is not limited to) three fields:
  • the watermark order 500 denotes the rank of the watermarks in the list of watermarks in the database.
  • the watermark sequence 510 (e.g., W ) is the n-length sequence generated in act 420 in reference to Figure 4.
  • the corresponding user or set of users 520 denotes the user(s) who cooperatively edited and modified (and may also comprise creation of) the content.
  • W 1 corresponds to the content uploaded by User 1
  • W 5 corresponds to the content edited by three users, namely User 0, User 1 and User 2.
  • "User 0 & User 1" denotes the set of users composed of User 0 and User 1 (wherein both User 0 and User 1 have either created or modified the same content).
  • the first watermark embedded into a media content produced by users in a first list of users allows, for example through the table of the watermark database 1140, identifying the users of said first list of users. Then, for an additional user that does not belong to the first list of users and modifies the media content, a second watermark identifying a second list of users, said second list of users comprising the first list of users and the additional user is embedded by the media server into the modified media.
  • Said second watermark may be stored and retrieved from the watermark database 1 140 prior to embedding or created for embedding then stored in the watermark database 1140 for further identification of the corresponding users of the second list of users.
  • FIG 6 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark sequence generator according to the invention. This allows generating a watermark sequence 510 (e.g., Wi) according to act 420 in reference to Figures 4 and 5.
  • a watermark sequence 510 e.g., Wi
  • the illustrative embodiment described in Figure 6 is an example of watermark sequence generation, but does not limit the scope of the present invention as any suitable watermark sequence (or more generally watermark) generation scheme may be used.
  • a floating data K 0 ranging in [0, 1] for involved users i, j etc... 600 i.e. users who have modified the media content
  • K 0 a floating data K 0 ranging in [0, 1] for involved users i, j etc... 600 (i.e. users who have modified the media content) is computed. For example, if only User i creates/generates or uploads the media content, while no other
  • K 0 may be computed by: o ⁇ 7 - .
  • N is the total number of users to be supported by the system. Similarly, if two users are involved, i.e., User i and User j,
  • K 0 may be computed by: A o ⁇
  • K 0 may be computed by:
  • the current time 620 is used in act 630 to compute a floating data K 1 , ranging in [0, 1]. For example, if the time is Month/Day/Hour/Minute/Second, then K 1 may be computed by: Month Day Hour Minute Second l ⁇ 12 ⁇ T 24 60 60 ⁇ wherein Month (0-11), Day (0-30), Hour (0-23), Minute (0-59) and Second (0-59).
  • Time is used for security. Firstly, it makes the watermark generation process depends on time when the content is operated and as time is random, the watermark is random and thus difficult to reconstruct or imitate. Secondly, it avoids the possibility of generating the same watermarks as the scheme benefits from time varying.
  • f may be a polynomial function with f(x) ⁇ 1 for x e
  • [0, 1] such as for example: / ⁇ X) .
  • Figure 7 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark embedding during media content uploading according to the invention.
  • the social network manager of the media server embeds the user's watermark into the media content when the user uploads the content.
  • the content should not already exist in the social network. If the media content is initiated or created on the media server and though not uploaded, the watermark sequence may also be embedded by the social network manager on the media server.
  • a User i logs onto the media server of the social network.
  • the social network manager checks the content (C) to be uploaded 710 to see whether it already exists in the social network or whether it is legal. Act 720 may be performed either manually (person based) or automatically (computer based). If the media content exists or is illegal, the social network manager may refuse to put the content in the social network.
  • the social network manager gets the watermark sequence corresponding to User i from the Watermark Database 730. This is done for instance by searching the database with keyword "i" in "Corresponding user share list”.
  • the watermark database stores watermarks that are embedded in each media content shared in the social network.
  • the social network manager embeds the watermark sequence into the media content and thus produces a new content C.
  • various existing watermark embedding methods may be used. After that, the watermarked media content is placed on the social network for sharing.
  • Figure 8 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark embedding during media content modification according to the invention.
  • a User j logs onto the social network and edits the content C produced by User i, or uploaded by User i.
  • User j uses the online software provided by social network manager to modify the content.
  • the media content owners e.g., the user who uploaded the media content, or the users form the User List who edit the content cooperatively
  • Act 820 User List Identification may comprise several sub-steps as described in Figure 8 here under.
  • the watermark corresponding to users associated with Wd and user j is generated into the media content in act 850.
  • said watermark is embedded into the media content in act 870 to produce a new content C" 880.
  • FIG. 9 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark identification according to the invention.
  • T l>T>0
  • T the threshold to determine whether the detected watermark sequence exists in the Watermark Database or not.
  • Di is greater than T, then WD corresponds to Wi.
  • User List 950 comprising users who have created and/or modified the media content is retrieved from Watermark Database in act 940.
  • Figure 10 describes an illustrative embodiment of watermark generation according to the invention.
  • a watermark corresponding to the users of the User List and to user j is searched in the Watermark Database 730 in act 1020 or generated in act 1040.
  • Act 1020 allows finding whether the new User List exists in the Watermark Database or not. This is done by searching the new User List in the field of "Corresponding user share list".
  • Act 1040 allows generating a new watermark for the new User List.
  • the watermark sequence generator is same to the one used in watermark initialization for user registration.
  • the generated watermark is unique in order to avoid conflictions.
  • Act 1050 allows storing the generated new watermark sequence into Watermark Database.
  • the watermark sequence corresponds to the new User List.
  • Act 1060 allows outputting the watermark sequence corresponding to the new User List.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Technology Law (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de filigranage collaboratif d'un contenu multimédia disponible sur un serveur multimédia et produit par des utilisateurs d'une première liste d'utilisateurs, ledit contenu comprenant un premier filigrane incorporé qui identifie les utilisateurs de la première liste d'utilisateurs. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes: pour un utilisateur supplémentaire n'appartenant pas à la première liste d'utilisateurs et qui modifie le contenu multimédia, obtenir le contenu multimédia modifié et faire incorporer par le serveur multimédia, dans le contenu multimédia modifié, un deuxième filigrane identifiant une deuxième liste d'utilisateurs, ladite deuxième liste comprenant la première liste d'utilisateurs et l'utilisateur supplémentaire.
EP10725498A 2009-03-31 2010-03-15 Procédé et système de filigranage Withdrawn EP2414979A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009071086 2009-03-31
PCT/IB2010/001119 WO2010113040A2 (fr) 2009-03-31 2010-03-15 Procédé et système de filigranage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2414979A2 true EP2414979A2 (fr) 2012-02-08

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WO (1) WO2010113040A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120136845A1 (en) * 2010-11-30 2012-05-31 ZOO Digital Limited, a Limited Company Method and system for safeguarding digital objects consisting of digital assets
EP2549400A1 (fr) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-23 Thomson Licensing Procédé pour protéger un programme à effet sonore non protégé
KR102113503B1 (ko) 2013-08-26 2020-06-05 삼성전자주식회사 전자 장치 및 전자 장치에서 컨텐츠 제공 방법

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US7171016B1 (en) 1993-11-18 2007-01-30 Digimarc Corporation Method for monitoring internet dissemination of image, video and/or audio files
US7044395B1 (en) 1993-11-18 2006-05-16 Digimarc Corporation Embedding and reading imperceptible codes on objects
US6539475B1 (en) 1998-12-18 2003-03-25 Nec Corporation Method and system for protecting digital data from unauthorized copying
US6442283B1 (en) 1999-01-11 2002-08-27 Digimarc Corporation Multimedia data embedding
US6804779B1 (en) * 2000-01-10 2004-10-12 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Hierarchical watermarking of content that is distributed via a network
US20020181732A1 (en) 2001-04-10 2002-12-05 Motorola, Inc Method of collaborative watermarking of a digital content
AU2003210625A1 (en) * 2002-01-22 2003-09-02 Digimarc Corporation Digital watermarking and fingerprinting including symchronization, layering, version control, and compressed embedding

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Also Published As

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WO2010113040A2 (fr) 2010-10-07
WO2010113040A3 (fr) 2010-12-02

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