EP2414569A1

EP2414569A1 - Apparatus for producing monofilaments or ribbons

Info

Publication number: EP2414569A1
Application number: EP10706680A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jens Weinhold; Joachim Lauckner
Original assignee: Oerlikon Textile GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Oerlikon Textile GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2009-03-30
Filing date: 2010-03-08
Publication date: 2012-02-08
Also published as: WO2010112300A1; CN102341532A; US20110318442A1; DE102009015557A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for producing monofilaments or ribbons which are guided in parallel through several treatment devices in an extrusion process. For this purpose, an extrusion device is connected downstream in several treatment device, wherein for guiding the monofilaments or ribbons at least one rod-shaped guide element is provided which has a contact surface for guiding the ribbons or monofilaments. In order to enable low-friction and wear-resistant guidance, in particular when using very elastic monofilaments or ribbons, the contact surface has a multiple coating comprising several coating materials that are applied in several single coatings, each with a different layer thicknesses, wherein the single coatings are formed in a sandwich-like manner on the contact surface.

Description

Apparatus for the production of monofilaments or tapes

The invention relates to a device for producing monofilaments or tapes according to the preamble of claim 1.

A generic device is known for example from DE 10 2005 049 163 Al.

The known device has an extrusion device and a plurality of treatment devices to produce a plurality of ribbons from an extruded film. In order to avoid in particular in the leadership of the crowd of the bands by a heater bonds with the heating surface due to individual fractures, the heating surface is equipped with a non-stick coating.

In addition, it is known that such non-stick coatings, such as made of Teflon, form a particularly favorable low-friction contact surface for guiding monofilaments or tapes. In particular, in the production of grass yarn, which is produced with a relatively high elasticity, low-friction guide elements are desirable, so that it is also known to use in the known device guide elements with a low-friction coating. However, it has been found in operation that such low-friction coatings, however, are less resistant to wear, so that frequent replacement of such guide elements is required.

It is therefore an object of the invention to develop a device for producing monofilaments or tapes of the generic type such that the surfaces of the guide elements are formed both low-friction and wear-resistant. The object is achieved according to the invention in that the contact surface carries a multiple coating with a plurality of coating materials, that the multiple coating is formed by a plurality of individual layers each having different layer thicknesses, and that the individual coatings are formed in a sandwich on the contact surface.

Advantageous developments of the invention are defined by the features and feature combinations of the subclaims.

The invention has the particular advantage that the property of the contact surface is characterized by a plurality of coating materials, so that different surface properties combined on the contact surface become effective. Due to the sandwich-like arrangement of the individual coatings, in particular the running properties desired for guiding very elastic monofilaments or tapes can be maintained.

In order to obtain the characteristic properties of the coating materials over the longest possible service life, the development of the invention is preferably carried out. In this case, the individual coatings of the multiple coating each have a minimum layer thickness of> 20 microns.

It is particularly advantageous if an inner single coating has a greater layer thickness by a factor of 5 than an outer single coating. This makes it possible to even out and protect coarser surface structures of the base body with a first single coating. This division of the layer thicknesses has proved particularly in the development of the invention, in which the coating material of the outer single coating are formed by a sliding material to reduce friction and the coating material of the inner Einzelbe- layering by a protective material to reduce wear.

The use of a ceramic as a protective material and the use of a plastic as a sliding material have proven particularly useful. As a plastic in particular a PTFE is suitable to ensure a very low-friction guidance of monofilaments or ribbons.

To produce as many monofilters or tapes side by side as possible, the development of the invention is preferably carried out, in which the contact surface is formed on the guide element over a length of> 1,000 mm. This allows large working widths to be realized in order to carry a large number of monofilaments or tapes.

Thus, for example, during a thermal treatment, each of the monofilaments or ribbons can be uniformly cooled or heated, a spreading of, for example, the ribbon cut from a film or the freshly extruded monofilaments is required. For this purpose, the guide element is preferably formed by a groove rod, which has a guide groove per monofilament or ribbon, which forms the contact surface. Such groove rods are preferably cylindrical, and have circumferential guide grooves which have the multi-coating over the entire circumference and over the entire length of the groove rod. This makes it possible to realize relatively large wrap angles in the range of 60 ^° and above.

Alternatively, however, it is also possible, the guide element by a guide bar with a variety of towering pins to form, which guide bar has the contact surface. This particular splits and spreading can be performed without major wraps.

To guide the monofilaments or tapes, the guide element is preferably assigned to one of the treatment devices in an inlet zone and / or an outlet zone. In the case of several treatment devices for producing a grass yarn, a plurality of guide elements are preferably assigned in a plurality of treatment devices in each case in an inlet zone and / or an outlet zone.

The device according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures.

They show:

Fig. 1 shows schematically a side view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention Fig. 2 Scheme table a detail of a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 1

Fig. 3 shows schematically a partial view of a first embodiment of a guide element

Fig. 4 shows schematically a partial view of another embodiment of a guide element

Fig. 5 shows schematically a cross-sectional view of the contact surface of a guide element

1 and 2, an embodiment of the device according to the invention for the production of monofilament scheme is shown. 1 shows the exemplary embodiment in an overall view and in FIG. 2 in a partial view of the wrapping device and winding device.

- A - shown. The following description applies to both figures, insofar as no explicit reference is made to one of the figures.

In Fig. 1, the embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in an overall view. The embodiment comprises an extrusion device 1 for extruding a thermoplastic material into a plurality of monofilaments. For this purpose, the extrusion device 1 has an extruder 2 and a spinning head 3 connected to the extruder 2.

The extrusion device is followed by a plurality of treatment devices in order to stretch the monofilaments or to connect several and wound up as a fiber bundle. In this embodiment, the first treatment device is formed by a cooling device 4, which is associated with the extrusion device 1. The cooling device 4 has a cooling bath 5, which is arranged directly below the spinning head 3. Within the cooling bath 5, a groove bar 12 is arranged as a guide element in order to separate the extruded monofilaments 6 and to guide them through the cooling bath 5.

For deduction and stretching of the monofilaments several conveyors 7.1 and 7.2 are arranged one behind the other, which have a plurality of driven godets 8, at the periphery of the monofilaments 6 are guided in parallel run side by side with simple wrap.

Between the cooling device 4 and the first conveyor 7.1, a deflection device 9 is provided which has a plurality of deflection rollers 15, on the periphery of which the monofilaments 6 are guided with a simple looping around. The deflection rollers 15 are arranged downstream of the cooling device 4 in order to strip off the cooling liquid of the cooling bath 5 adhering to the monofilaments 6. Between the conveyors 7.1 and 7.2, a heater 10 is arranged. The heating device 10 is formed in this embodiment by a convection oven, in which the monofilaments 6 are heated to a stretching temperature. In order to guide the monofilaments, a groove bar 12 is arranged in an inlet zone and an outlet zone of the heating device 10 so as to be able to guide the monofilaments 6 separated in parallel through the hot air section of the heating device 10. For stretching the monofilaments 6, the godets 8 of the conveyors 7.1 and 7.2 are driven at a speed difference.

After stretching, the monofilaments 6 are brought together in groups to form bundles of fibers and fed to a wrapping device 13 and to a winding device 14. For this purpose, a thread guide rail 11 is arranged between the last conveyor 7.2 and the Umwindeeinrichtung 13, where the monofilaments are guided and divided into several fiber bundles.

As can be seen from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the wrapping device 13 has several winding stations and the winding device 14 has several winding stations, so that one wrapping station and one winding station are provided per fiber bundle. In this embodiment, a total of five fiber bundles are to be wound into coils, so that a total of five Umwindestationen 13.1 to 13.5 and five Aufwickelstationen 14.1 to 14.5 along a frame wall 16 are arranged.

In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fiber bundles produced are preferably further used as grass yarn. The grass yarn is used in a further processing process for producing an artificial turf. For this purpose, a thermoplastic material in the form of granules of, for example, PP or LLDPE or HDPE or PA is fed into the extruder in the extruder and extruded to form a colored polymer melt. The polymer melt receives it preferably a green color, which is produced either by additives or by colored granules. The green-colored polymer melt is extruded via the spinning head 3 into a plurality of monofilaments 6. After passing through the treatment devices, the monofilaments 6 are combined into several and wound as a fiber bundle to the coil.

Since such grass yarns have a high elasticity, a particularly low-friction guidance of the monofilaments is required. For this purpose, the guide elements such as, for example, the groove rod 12 within the cooling bath 5 have a contact surface with a multiple coating. In Fig. 3, an embodiment of such a groove rod 12 is shown. In Fig. 3, only a partial view of the groove rod is shown. The groove rod 12 has two opposite holding ends 17, wherein only the left-hand holding end 17 of the groove rod 12 is shown. A guide section 18 extends between the holding ends 17. A plurality of guide grooves 19 are formed adjacent to one another on the guide section 18. The guide grooves 19 are formed circumferentially parallel to the circumference of the cylindrical guide portion 18. The groove walls and the groove bottom of the guide grooves 19 each form the contact surface 21, on which the monofilaments are guided. In this embodiment, a multiple coating is applied to the entire guide section 18, so that not only the contact surfaces 21 but also the non-contact surfaces formed on the guide section 18 are coated. The structure of the multiple coating 20 on the contact surfaces 21 will be explained in more detail below.

4, a further embodiment of a guide element is shown, as used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 as a guide rail 11. In this case, the guide rail 11 has a holding end 17 and a guide portion 18. The guide portion 18 is formed on an upper side of the guide rail 11. The top of the ladder Guide bar 11 thus forms the contact surface 21 to which the Mehrfachbe layering 20 is applied. At the top 22 of the guide rail 11 a plurality of pins 23 are mounted towering at a distance. Thus, a plurality of guide grooves 24 are formed, in which the monofilaments are guided parallel to each other.

The exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 3 and 4 of a guide element are particularly suitable for guiding a multiplicity of monofilaments or tapes parallel next to one another. Thus, the contact surfaces laugh 21 and the guide sections 18 extend over a total length of, for example, 1,300 mm. Thus, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, working widths greater than 1,000 mm can be realized.

In order to allow a low-friction and stable guidance of the monofilaments on the contact surfaces, a multiple coating 20 is applied to the contact surface 21. In Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the multiple coating 20 is shown schematically. The multiple coating 20 is formed in this embodiment by an inner single coating 25.1 and an outer Einzelbe layering 25.2, which are arranged one above the other like a sandwich. Here, the inner single coating 25.1 is applied directly to the contact surface 21 of the base body 26. The base body 26 may in this case be the cylindrical guide section 18 of the groove rod 12 or the flat guide section 18 of the thread guide strip 11. The inner single coating 25.1 is applied with a layer thickness S ₁ . Above the inner single coating 25.1, an outer single coating 25.2 with a layer thickness S _{2 is} applied. The outer single coating 25.2 has a sliding material as a coating material, so that the directly to the monofilament facing guide surface are determined by the material properties of the sliding material. The coating material of the inner single coating 25.1 is formed by a protective material, which represents a wear protection layer relative to the base body 26. Thus, as a protective material preferably a ceramic is used, which is applied directly to the contact surface 21 of the base body 26. Such ceramic materials can be applied, for example, as a plasma coating. The boundary surface of the inner single coating 25.1 to the outer single coating 25.2 is roughly structured in this embodiment, so that in the operating state after wear of the sliding material in the outer coating 25.2 a mixing surface is adjusted, which is formed by surface portions of the sliding material and surface portions of the protective material. Such a guide surface has the particular advantage that the monofilaments or tapes can be performed friction and wear resistant. As a sliding material usually plastics are used, with the PTFE plastics (Teflon) has been found to be particularly advantageous especially for the management of monofilaments and tapes.

In one exemplary embodiment of the grooved rod shown in FIG. 3, the guide region was first applied with a plasma coating with a ceramic material in a layer thickness S _{1 of} approximately 0.3 mm. Subsequently, a PTFE coating with a layer thickness of about 0.04 mm S _{2 was} sandwiched over the ceramic layer. Here, in the combination between an outer sliding material and an inner protective material, a ratio of the layer thicknesses has proven to be particularly favorable, in which the inner single coating 25.1 is larger by a factor of 5 than the outer single coating 25.2 (S ₁ ^ XS ₂ ).

However, the multiple layering shown in FIG. 5 is only an example. In principle, more than two individual coatings may also be applied to a contact surface of the main body. So would be For example, an outer nano coating is possible to achieve special surface effects.

The exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is particularly suitable for this purpose, in order to guide the monofilaments or tapes between the treatment devices in a low-friction manner, despite large wraps. In this case, a long service life is ensured by the multiple coating of the guide elements.

The embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 and 2 is used for the production of monofilaments. However, such device parts are also suitable for producing a ribbon extruded from a film. In this case, the extrusion device would have an extrusion head which produces a flat film or a blown film which, after solidification, is cut into a plurality of ribbons.

The illustrated treatment facilities in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 and the guide elements shown are exemplary in their design and arrangement. In principle, additional treatment devices may be provided, such as for the aftertreatment or crimping of the monofilaments or ribbons.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 extrusion device

2 extruders

3 spinning head

4 cooling device

5 cooling bath

6 monofilaments

7.1 7.2 conveyor

8 godets

9 deflection device

10 heating device

11 guide rail

12 groove tongs

13 Umwindeeinrichtung

13. 1, 13.2, 13.3 Umwindestation

14 winding device

14. 1, 14.2, 14.3 rewind station

15 pulleys

16 frame wall

17 stops

18 leadership section

19 guide groove

20 multiple layering

21 contact surface

22 top

23 pens

24 guide grooves

25. 1, 25.2 Single layering

26 basic body

Claims

claims

1. An apparatus for producing monofilaments or tapes with an extrusion device (1) and a plurality of treatment device (4, 7, 9, 10), wherein for guiding the monofilaments or tapes at least one rod-shaped guide element (11, 12) is provided, which is a contact surface (21) for guiding the tapes or monofilaments, characterized in that the contact surface (21) carries a Mehrfachbe layering (20) with a plurality of coating materials that the Mehrfachbe layering

(20) is formed by a plurality of individual coatings (25.1, 25.2) each having different layer thicknesses (S ₁ , S ₂ ) and in that the individual coatings (25.1, 25.2) are sandwiched at the contact surface

(21) are formed.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual coatings (25.1, 25.2) of the multiple coating (20) each have a minimum thickness (S ₁ , S ₂ ) of> 20 microns.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an inner single coating (25.1) has a greater by a factor of 5 layer thickness (S ₁ ) than an outer single coating (25.2).

4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the coating material of the outer single coating (25.2) by a sliding material to reduce friction and the loading Layering material of the inner single coating (25.1) are formed by a protective material to reduce wear.

5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the protective material are formed by a ceramic and the sliding material by a plastic, in particular a PTFE.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the contact surface (21) over a length of> 1000 mm on the guide element (11, 12) is formed.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide element by a groove rod (12) is formed, which has a guide groove (19) per monofilament or ribbon, which has the contact surface (21).

8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide element is formed by a guide strip (11) with a plurality of upstanding pins (23), which guide strip (11) has the contact surface (21).

9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the guide element (12) one of the treatment devices (10) or a plurality of guide elements (12) several treatment facilities (4, 10) each in an inlet zone and / or an outlet zone is / are assigned.