EP2414270B1 - Lifting device, especially mobile lifting device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a lifting device, in particular mobile lifting device, for lifting loads, vehicles or the like.

From the WO 98/30488 is a lifting device known, which is also referred to as a single column stage. Such a lifting device comprises a base frame with a lifting column arranged thereon, in which a carrier with a load receiving means arranged thereon is guided movable up and down. For lifting and lowering a lifting unit is provided, which comprises at least one controller and a hydraulic cylinder to move the load-receiving means up and down. The carrier is guided by roller guides, which engage in lateral recesses of the lifting column, movable up and down.

From the DE 693 11 949 T2 goes out an analog lifting device. To guide the carrier during its up and down movement, an upper and lower pair of rollers is provided at a fixed distance to the carrier, so that the carrier can be supported on the lifting column during the lifting movement. This is for example FIG. 3 of the DE 693 11 949 T2 out. An analogous arrangement of the pairs of rollers is in the WO 98/30448 given.

Such an arrangement of pairs of rollers on a carrier, in particular in the case of a single column lifting platform, has the disadvantage that, due to the pairs of rollers lying relatively close to one another, increased wear of the rollers and the associated running surfaces occurs during lifting and lowering of high loads. Basically, this wear can be reduced by the fixed distance of the pairs of rollers is increased. This has the disadvantage that thereby the remaining stroke is reduced by such single-column lifts. The reduction of the working distance could be counteracted in a simple manner to the effect by the lifting column is increased in their height. However, this has the disadvantage that for lying beyond a certain nominal height heights of the lifting columns a lying transport of the lifting columns in transport containers is required. The horizontal transport has the disadvantage that the filled with hydraulic oil lifting devices can not be completed, otherwise leakage of hydraulic oil could be the result.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a lifting device, which allows, during operation, a reduction of wear on lifting and lowering of loads in the bearing surfaces between the carrier and the lifting column achieved while a maximum stroke is possible, so that Such lifting devices, especially if they are designed as mobile lifting devices, still standing in transport containers can be transported.

This object is achieved by a lifting device, in which at a lower end of the carrier or on the load-carrying means at least one lower guide element is provided, which is supported on the lifting column and is movable with the carrier during a lifting movement and at the upper or near the upper end of the lifting column at least one upper guide element is mounted, which is fixed in position during the lifting movement for movable up and down carrier is provided and supports the carrier. By this separation of the upper and lower guide elements, which were previously both arranged on the carrier and were moved together with the carrier relative to the lifting column, is now possible, in particular at the beginning of the lifting a quasi the entire Hubsäulenhöhe corresponding distance of the respective guide elements for power to Available. As a result, a very large lever arm is created, which causes a significant reduction in the forces acting, in particular during the beginning of the lifting movement of the carrier. As a result, a reduced wear can be achieved because only in an upper end position, a distance of the at least one upper guide member on the lifting column is taken to at least one lower guide member on the carrier, which so far corresponds to the distance of two fixed guide elements on the carrier. Due to this reduction in wear, a significant service life extension can be achieved.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the carrier is sleeve-shaped or cartridge-shaped and surrounding the lifting column, in particular in a lowered position of the load-receiving means and that the lifting column has a preferably closed profile. In this embodiment, the carrier preferably envelops the lifting column with all side walls or side surfaces. Preferably, an upper closed or partially open end face is provided on the carrier. This arrangement has the advantage that due to the substantially closed by the sleeve shape configuration of the carrier and preferably the closed configuration of a profile for the lifting column increased rigidity can be achieved. In addition, due to the closed nature of the profile or profiles, a simplification in the production and production of individual parts can be provided. This arrangement also allows a closed Training the lifting column can be maintained in an upper stroke end position of the wearer. As a result, the preferably arranged within the lifting column drive spindle or the lifting cylinder from the outside is not accessible. The closed design of the carrier and preferably the lifting column relate at least to the power flow during the lifting movement. The wall portions may have individual recesses, but also be formed over the entire surface.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that at least one lower guide element provided on the load receiving means or arranged outside the lifting column on the carrier engages on at least one guide surface facing the load bearing on the lifting column. This alternative embodiment can be provided when a particularly compact design of the lifting column is required, so that the at least one lower guide element is to be moved outside the lifting column.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the drive unit and / or the controller and / or at least one accumulator are provided on the carrier. By carrying the drive unit and / or the controller and / or the at least one accumulator can be made possible in an upper stroke end position of the lifting device, that these parts are also sensitive parts outside the work area of the workers positioned. This embodiment is preferably powered by batteries with energy and also has the advantage that the risk of damage is reduced because the drive unit and control unit are lifted with. It is furthermore preferably provided that an operating device is arranged on a base device receiving the lifting column. This operating device may be designed as a screen with a keyboard or a touchscreen or the like to enter, query and read individual commands. Preferably, the input signals are forwarded to the controller via a wireless connection. Alternatively, a wired data transmission can take place.

According to a further alternative embodiment of the invention it is provided that the lifting column has a support at least partially surrounding cross-section, in particular a U-shaped cross-section, and preferably in the region of the stroke a continuous rear wall is given, which at least one guide surface for the at least one Carrier has arranged guide element. This allows a simple and inexpensive design of the lifting column can be achieved. If only one guide element is provided on the carrier, a guide surface may be formed, for example, in the middle of the rear wall in order to form an abutment to which at the upper end of the lifting column and at least one further guide element.

According to a preferred development of the alternative embodiment of the invention, the at least one lower guide element is provided within the lifting column, which is preferably supported on a guide surface on a profile element in or on the lifting column or on a rear wall of the lifting column. This arrangement allows a closed arrangement, so that the moving parts are not accessible from the outside, whereby a compact arrangement can be created.

A further preferred embodiment of the alternative embodiment of the invention provides that the at least one positionally fixed at the upper end of the lifting column upper guide element is attached directly to the lifting column, for example on the side walls and or the rear wall.

According to one embodiment of the alternative embodiments of the invention, it is provided that the at least one positionally fixed at the upper end of the lifting column upper guide element is attached directly to the lifting column or attached to an assembly which is attachable to the upper end of the lifting column. This embodiment of the assembly has the advantage that the at least one upper guide element can be pre-assembled separately, so that subsequently a simple completion of the lifting column is made possible by the assembly is placed on the lifting column and fastened. As well can be done at a later date a simple exchange, the carrier can remain in the lifting column.

The assembly advantageously has recesses which surround at least partially end-side end portions of the lifting column. Preferably, it is provided that these recesses positively engage the end-side end portions of the lifting column. As a result, a stiffening of the lifting column can be achieved in the upper end region, so that even in an upper end position of the load receiving means, the preferably U-shaped cross-section of the lifting column remains unaffected in its geometry and is stiffened.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the assembly is designed as a mounting plate and is secured in the vertical direction by at least one detachable connection against lifting. This arrangement allows easy installation and fixation. For example, a screw or a Sicherungssplint or the like may be provided to secure the patch on the upper end of the lifting column assembly against lifting and / or able to fix the lifting column. At the same time a simple and quick exchange of the assembly is made possible with the at least one upper guide element arranged thereon. This replacement can take place in a rest position of the load receiving position.

The preferably at least partially surrounding the support lifting column preferably has attachable to the rear wall side walls for forming the U-shaped cross-section, which have a Um- or fold on one of the rear wall opposite end face. By this Um- or fold the side walls in the geometry and the deformation to absorb the loads during the lifting movement are stiffened. As a result, widening of the gap in the lifting column can be prevented. At the same time a simple positioning and mounting with the rear wall is made possible by the design of the separate side walls.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the carrier has a closed, in particular sleeve or tubular cross-section, within which a drive element of the lifting unit is arranged. The geometry of the sleeve or tubular cross section may be round, square, rectangular or include further geometries or profiles. As a result, a box construction of the carrier to the lifting column and the simultaneous integration of the drive element, in particular a hydraulic element can be maintained.

Furthermore, a clip or locking element is preferably provided on the lifting column in the region of the upper stroke end position of the carrier, which stiffen the position of the side walls relative to one another and to the rear wall. In this area of the stroke end position, the distance between the at least one respective lower guide element on the carrier and the lifting column is the lowest, so that the greatest forces occur. Due to the simple attachment of a clamp element, the cross-sectionally U-shaped housing of the lifting column can be secured and stiffened in a simple manner.

The alternative embodiment preferably provides that the support partially surrounded by the lifting column consists of four wall elements arranged at right angles to one another, wherein two wall elements lying opposite one another are arranged offset inwards relative to the longitudinal edges of the two further wall elements. This arrangement allows that in the two other wall elements by the inward displacement of the wall elements arranged therebetween guide surfaces are formed, on which the positionally fixed guide elements can engage the carrier at the upper end of the lifting column. Preferably, the pair of rollers each engage with the projections of the wall elements, which form guide surfaces. These can be designed as running surfaces for rollers or as sliding surfaces for sliding guides. At the same time, a side guide of the carrier can be additionally given by the inwardly offset wall elements.

Furthermore, in the embodiment in which the carrier surrounds the lifting column, it is preferably provided that the carrier is designed as a closed sleeve, whereby immersion of the lifting column is made possible in the carrier. This arrangement has the particular advantage that both the lifting column and the carrier can be formed on a statically rigid cross-section, so that within the cross section, a closed power flow is given. This allows for a lower material use a higher stiffness and thus higher load capacity.

A further preferred embodiment of the carrier provides that the guide surfaces are arranged at an obtuse or right angle to each other. As a result, during the up and down movement of the carrier and the sliding along the upper guide elements, an independent centering of the carrier to the lifting column. This can allow lateral guide elements between the support and the lifting column are no longer required. Preferably, the sliding or running surfaces of the guide elements are also arranged in this obtuse or right angle. For example, in the case of rollers, the axes of rotation are aligned parallel to the guide surfaces. In sliding elements, the sliding surfaces and the contact surfaces are preferably also aligned in parallel. Alternatively, it can also be provided in the case of sliding elements that they have a wedge shape between the sliding surface and its supporting surfaces.

This arrangement of the guide surfaces of the carrier at an obtuse or right angle apply to both alternative embodiments, ie that embodiment in which the lifting column surrounds the carrier at least partially or in which the lifting column dips into the carrier, which thus surrounds the lifting column.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that a wear-resistant material for forming the guide surface is provided along a range of movement of the carrier, within which engages the at least one lower guide element on at least one guide surface of the lifting column, as in the head region of the lifting column. By the separate arrangement of the at least one lower guide element on the support and the at least one upper guide element on the lifting column, an upper region, which is determined by the minimum distance of the respective guide elements in an upper stroke end position, are formed from a less wear-resistant material, than at Lifting devices according to the prior art is the case. As a result, a cost saving can be achieved.

The at least one upper and lower guide element is preferably designed as at least one roller. Here, for example, rollers, in particular with rolling bearings, are used. Alternatively, the at least one guide element may be formed as at least one sliding element. For example, different pairs of sliding materials can be provided.

The lifting device preferably has pairs of rollers assigned to one another on the carrier and pairs of rollers assigned to one another on the module. These rollers are preferably arranged as far as possible outside as possible within the lifting column.

It is preferably provided that the lifting column and / or the carrier are formed as bending punched parts or as bending laser parts and the lifting column and / or the carrier are in particular designed as a welded construction. For this purpose, the side walls on a snap-lock, engage in the pins of the rear wall, so that at least this compound can be subsequently welded. This allows a material and cost-saving design of the lifting column, at the same time a sufficiently rigid construction is given.

A further preferred embodiment for securing a sleeve-shaped or cartridge-shaped carrier to the lifting column comprises a locking device, which has a controllable mechanical locking element which engages in a locking position on an abutment on the lifting column. This locking device is movable together with the carrier up and down and allows in dependence the working position of the load-bearing element after taking a secure arrangement of the carrier to the lifting column.

According to a preferred embodiment of this locking device, the counter bearing is formed as a perforated plate with a plurality of regularly spaced recesses, which is held at the upper end of the lifting column with a suspension device for load suspension and is fixed in position by a detachable connection to the lifting column. This arrangement of a perforated plate and its suspension at the upper end of the lifting column on a suspension device has the advantage that the entire load is received in the locking engagement of the locking element of the locking device on the perforated plate or the suspension device and introduced via the lifting column in the base element. The preferably detachable connections of the thrust bearing to the lifting column serve only to fix the position and take on no load. As a result, the cost of producing the anvil, which is usually fixed by a welded joint to the lifting column, can be significantly reduced. As a result, especially the advantage is achieved that a delay of the lifting column fails due to the heat input. In addition, a simple replacement of the counter bearing can be made possible. Furthermore, this arrangement has the advantage that the perforated plate rests on a closed rear wall of the lifting column, whereby complete breakthroughs are excluded, which in turn involve a lower risk of injury in itself.

A further preferred embodiment of the locking device provides that the locking element is L-shaped and is pivotally mounted in a slot-shaped recess on the carrier. This allows a simple mechanical structure that is robust in use. The recess is preferably assigned a stiffening element, in particular a U-shaped stiffening element, which is aligned in the load-receiving direction. As a result, the carrier may in principle be formed with the wall thickness for the maximum load bearing and only the area of the locking device may be reinforced, so that in the application of the Verrieglungsvorrichtung as a fall device, the load can be recorded secured.

Furthermore, the locking device advantageously comprises a drive device, in particular a controllable holding magnet, which is switched to zero current after a movement of the carrier to the lifting column. Thus, via the control, a control signal, in particular an energization, be given for taking a Entriegelungsposition and the bolt to be transferred into an unlocked position. As soon as the control device is switched off, the locking element automatically assumes a locking position and engages the counter bearing.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Hebevorrichtung in einer Ruheposition,

Figur 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Hebevorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 in einer oberen Hubendlage,

Figur 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf eine Baugruppe der Hebevorrichtung,

Figur 4

eine schematische Seitenansicht der Hebevorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 zur Anordnung der Führungselemente in einer Grundposition,

Figur 5

eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Hebevorrichtung gemäß Figur 4 in einer oberen Hubendlage,

Figur 6

eine schematische Ansicht von oben auf die Ausführungsform zu Figur 4,

Figur 7

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Hebevorrichtung als Zwelsäulen-Hebevorrichtung,

Figuren 8a, b, c

verschiedene schematische Ansichten einer alternativen Ausführungsform zu Figur 1,

Figuren 9a, b, c

verschiedene schematische Ansichten einer alternativen Ausführungsform zu Figur 1,

Figuren 10a, b, c

verschiedene schematische Ansichten einer alternativen Ausführungsform zu Figur 1,

Figuren 11a bis d

schematische Ansichten einer weiteren alternativen Ausführungsform einer Hebevorrichtung zu Figur 1,

Figuren 12a bis d

eine schematische Ansicht von oben auf alternative Ausführungsformen zur Hebevorrichtung gemäß den Figuren 11a bis d und

Figuren 13a und b

eine schematische Schnittansicht und perspektivische Ansicht auf eine Verriegelungseinrichtung der Ausführungsform gemäß den Figuren 11a bis d.

The invention and further advantageous embodiments and developments thereof are described in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the drawings and explained. The features to be taken from the description and the drawings can be applied individually according to the invention individually or in combination in any combination. Show it:

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a lifting device in a rest position,

FIG. 2

a perspective view of the lifting device according to FIG. 1 in an upper stroke end position,

FIG. 3

a perspective view of an assembly of the lifting device,

FIG. 4

a schematic side view of the lifting device according to FIG. 1 for arranging the guide elements in a basic position,

FIG. 5

an enlarged view of the lifting device according to FIG. 4 in an upper stroke end position,

FIG. 6

a schematic top view of the embodiment to FIG. 4 .

FIG. 7

a perspective view of a lifting device as a twin column lifting device,

FIGS. 8a, b, c

various schematic views of an alternative embodiment to FIG. 1 .

FIGS. 9a, b, c

various schematic views of an alternative embodiment to FIG. 1 .

FIGS. 10a, b, c

various schematic views of an alternative embodiment to FIG. 1 .

FIGS. 11a to d

schematic views of another alternative embodiment of a lifting device to FIG. 1 .

FIGS. 12a to d

a schematic top view of alternative embodiments of the lifting device according to the FIGS. 11a to d and

FIGS. 13a and b

a schematic sectional view and perspective view of a locking device of the embodiment according to the FIGS. 11a to d.

In FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lifting device 11 according to the invention shown, which is preferably suitable for mobile use. Such elevators 11 are also referred to as single-column elevators 11. The lifting device 11 has a base device 12, which according to the embodiment of the lifting device 11 is designed as a mobile lifting device 11, and preferably comprises a chassis or steering gear. Alternatively, the base device 12 may also be formed as a carrier plate or mounting plate be, which fixes the lifting device 11 to the floor of a workshop, or in a mobile or stationary workspace. For example, a common carrier plate or two separate carrier plates may be provided for their attachment to the substrate on a stationary two-column lifting device. At the base device 12, a lifting column 14 is provided. On the lifting column 14 or alternatively on the base device or on the base frame 12, a lifting unit 16 is provided, which comprises a controller 17 and a drive unit 18. This drive unit 18 may be formed electro-hydraulically, hydraulically or mechanically, for example by a spindle drive or the like, and has a hydraulic unit 20 according to this embodiment. In the lifting column 14, a carrier 21 is mounted movable up and down. On the carrier 21, for example, a load-receiving means 22 can be connected, which is formed according to the embodiment as a wheel gripping element. As a result, the mobile lift together with one or more lifting devices 11 on each tire of the vehicle attack and lift the vehicle. The individual lifting devices 11, which form a lifting system for lifting vehicles, are connected to each other by supply lines or control lines not shown in detail. These supply lines can be used for power supply. Preferably, the lifting devices 11 may be provided independently, which with at least one accumulator 63 (see FIG. 11 a) are operated, which are preferably associated with the controller 17 or the drive unit 18. The controls of the lifting device 11 communicate wirelessly for simultaneous lifting movement.

The lifting device 11 is according to FIG. 1 arranged in a rest position 24. In FIG. 2 the carrier 21 is extended relative to the lifting column 14 and the load-receiving means 22 is arranged in an upper stroke end position 25. The lifting device 11 is thus simple, so not telescopically extendable. The stroke is determined by the height of the lifting column 14 less the necessary minimum distance between the two guide elements 41, 43rd

The carrier 21 consists for example of four wall elements 27, which are arranged at right angles to each other, as in particular from FIG. 6 evident. Two of the four wall elements 27 are offset relative to the other two wall elements 27 to the longitudinal edges inwardly offset. This results in guide surfaces 28 which are used to guide the carrier 21. The wall elements 27 are preferably made of sheet metal parts, which are produced by a stamping process or laser cutting process. Subsequently, these individual wall elements 27 are put together and connected by a welded connection firmly together. As a result, a weight-saving and cost-effective welded construction can be formed. Within the carrier 21, a drive spindle 19 or a lifting cylinder is preferably arranged as part of the drive unit 18. The load-receiving means 22 may be fixedly arranged on the carrier 21. Alternatively, a suspension device may be provided on the carrier 21, so that different load-receiving means 22 are attachable thereto. Furthermore, the lifting column 14 and the carrier 21 may be formed on the upper end face of the carrier 21 instead of a load-receiving means 22 acting on the wall element 27 with a load-receiving means (not shown).

The lifting column 14 is preferably formed as a substantially U-shaped housing, which is formed from a rear wall 31 and two side walls 32 arranged parallel thereto. The side walls 32 may along a longitudinal edge on which the rear wall 31 engages, have a perforated grid 33, in which corresponding to the grid dimension of the hole grid 33 formed pin 34 of the rear wall 31 engage positively. Thereby, the side wall 32 can be positioned on the rear wall 31. By a subsequent welding, the side walls 32 are fixed to the rear wall 31. To stiffen the side walls 32 of the rear wall 31 opposite a along the height of the lifting column 14 extending edge 36 is provided.

The guide of the carrier 21 in the lifting column 14 via at least one arranged on the carrier 21 upper guide member 41 and at least one positionally fixed to the lifting column 14 arranged lower Guide element 43. As a result, the upper guide member 41 is arranged stationary to the lifting column 14, and the lower guide member 43 undergoes a lifting movement in analogy to the travel distance or stroke movement of the carrier 21. Preferably, at the lower end of the carrier 21 within the lifting column 14, a pair of guide elements 41, in particular rollers, arranged, which engage in each case on guide surfaces 42, wherein the guide surfaces 42 are formed by the rear wall 31 or by separately patch guide surfaces 42 or as machined or particular hardened guide surfaces 42 on the rear wall 31 or attached thereto. The arrangement of the upper guide elements 41 on the carrier 21 is shown in the schematic sectional view FIG. 4 out. At the upper end of the lifting column 14, a pair of guide elements 41 is also preferably provided, which can either be attached directly to the side walls 32 or these according to an advantageous embodiment according to FIG. 3 are attached to an assembly 45.

The assembly 45 is formed for example as a mounting plate or top plate, which is attachable to the upper end of the lifting column 14. It is preferably provided that the assembly 45 includes a recess 46 which allows passage of the carrier 21. Furthermore, the assembly 45 preferably has recesses 47 in order to surround the U-shaped housing in a form-fitting manner. As a result, a widening of the free legs of the U-shaped housing is prevented, whereby an additional stiffening of the lifting column 14 is achieved. The assembly 45 rests, for example, on an end face of the folded edge 36. At the rear, for example, a mounting member or a mounting plate 48 is provided which on the one hand receives the assembly 45 and on the other hand web-shaped projections 49 which engage in slot recesses 50. Against the lifting up the assembly 45 is secured, for example by positive engagement and / or by a detachable connection 53, in particular by a screw connection. The assembly 45 receives via a bearing 54 in each case an upper guide element 41, which acts on the guide surfaces 28 of the carrier 31. This is for example both in FIG. 3 as well as in FIG. 4 shown in more detail.

By this arrangement, F is according to a load pickup FIG. 4 caused by the load receiving means 22 causes the lower guide members 43 forcibly on the rear wall 21 and the guide surfaces 42 arranged thereon according to the force F ₂ attack and engage the guide surfaces 28 of the carrier 21 on the upper guide member 41 according to the force F ₃ . Due to the lower support force F ₂ and the upper counterforce F ₃ , which act in opposite directions, and the large distance between the upper and lower guide elements 41, 43 at the beginning of the lifting movement, which substantially corresponds to the height of the lifting column 14, is due to the lever arms acting thereby achieved that the forces occurring on the guide surfaces 28, 42 at the beginning of the lifting movement and over a large range of Hubbewebung be significantly reduced.

The lifting column 14 has near an upper end a clamping element 56, which in the FIGS. 1 to 3 is shown. This clamp element 56 is preferably provided at a distance from the upper end of the lifting column 14, in which the lower guide elements 43 on the rear wall 31 of the lifting column 14 engage in an upper stroke end position 25 of the carrier 21. By this clamping element 56 an additional rigidity is achieved. This is preferably also a stamped or laser part, which is welded to the lifting column 14. As a result, any locking forces of a mechanical lock can be introduced into the lifting column 14.

The in the FIGS. 1 to 4 The arrangement shown can also be modified to the effect that instead of rollers, which are designed as guide elements 41, 43, and sliding elements are used. In the exemplary embodiment, 43 rollers are used for the upper and lower guide elements 41, 43. Alternatively it can be provided that the upper and lower guide elements 41, 43 differ from each other in nature and structure. For example, the lower guide elements 43 may be designed as rollers and the upper guide elements 41 as sliding elements.

In FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a two-column lifting device 61 shown, which consists of two individual lifting devices 11 according to FIG. 1 consists. In that regard, can fully on the FIGS. 1 to 6 Be referred. Unlike the embodiment according to the FIGS. 1 to 6 has the two-column lifting device 61 load receiving means 22, which is formed for example by two preferably pivotally arranged to each other support arms. This allows adaptation to load application points on a vehicle frame. Likewise, a running rail can be added. These two lifting devices 11 can each be provided separately on a base device 12 or a carrier plate. Alternatively, a common mounting or mounting plate 12 may be provided as the base device.

An alternative arrangement of the upper and lower guide elements 41, 43 to the embodiment according to FIG. 4 provides that the lower guide element 43 may be arranged on the carrier 21 such that it extends outside of the lifting column 14. For example, the lower guide element 43 can be supported on the folded edge 36 of the side walls 32. The attached to the lifting column 14 upper guide member 41 may be analogous to FIG. 4 or, as in FIG. 7 is shown, on which the rear wall facing away from the wall element 27 attack. In this case, the upper guide element 41 can again be arranged directly on a side wall 32 of the lifting column 14 or on the assembly 45.

In the FIGS. 8a, b and c are further schematic views of an alternative embodiment to the FIGS. 1 to 6 shown. The FIG. 10a shows the lifting device 11 in a rest position, the FIG. 10b shows the load bearing 22 in an upper Hubendlage 25 and FIG. 10c shows a top view of the lifting device 11 according to FIG. 10a , This embodiment deviates from the embodiment according to FIGS FIGS. 1 to 6 to the effect that the guide surfaces 28 and the guide elements 41 engaging thereon do not lie in a common axis, but that the guide surfaces 28 and thus also the running surfaces or sliding surfaces of the guide elements 41 in one are arranged obtuse or right angles to each other. In this case, the blunt or right angle is oriented such that a self-centering guidance is made possible by the loads occurring during a stroke movement from a rest position 24 into an upper stroke end position 25. As a result, further guide elements of the carrier 21 to the lifting column 14 can be omitted.

In the FIGS. 9a, b and c is another alternative embodiment of the lifting device according to the FIGS. 1 to 6 shown. These upper guide elements 41 are preferably provided on an assembly 45, which comprises a central recess 46, through which the carrier 21 can pass during its stroke movement. For receiving the counterforce F ₃ , two upper guide elements 41 are preferably provided which engage on a respective guide surface 28 of the carrier 21, wherein the two guide surfaces 28 of this carrier 21 are arranged at an obtuse or right angle to each other. The carrier 21 is formed in this embodiment, for example, as a closed pentagonal tube, wherein the two guide surfaces 28 are roof-shaped to the other, preferably arranged at right angles to each other side wall surfaces of the carrier 21. This closed polygonal profile of the carrier 21 represents an alternative embodiment to the previously mentioned profiles and geometries of the carriers 21.

This embodiment has the advantage that, when receiving the counterforce F _3, an independent centering of the carrier 21 to the upper guide elements 41 takes place. Preferably, these upper guide elements 41 are formed as sliding elements. Alternatively, however, also rollers can be used.

In the FIGS. 10a, b and c is another alternative embodiment to the FIGS. 9a, b and c shown. This embodiment differs from the effect that the central recess 46 is square or rectangular and the upper guide elements 41 are instead of at an obtuse or right angle to each other in a common axis. As a result, the profile of the carrier 21 or its cross-sectional geometry be square or rectangular, whereas the carrier 21 according to the FIGS. 9a, b and c For example, is designed as a pentagon profile in order to arrange the guide surfaces 28 at an obtuse or right angle to each other. In this embodiment, it is alternatively provided that, for example, the upper guide elements 41 are designed as sliding elements and the lower guide elements 43 as rollers. Such an arrangement can also be formed reversed. The mixture of rollers and plain bearings can be made application-specific.

In the FIGS. 11a, b and c an alternative construction of a lifting device 11 is shown to the above-described figures. In this embodiment, it is provided that the lifting column 14 is arranged within the carrier 21. In this embodiment, it is virtually a reversed arrangement of the above embodiments. In this embodiment, it is preferably provided that the carrier 21 has a sleeve-shaped or tubular profile, which preferably the sleeve 14 in a rest position, for example according to FIG. 11a , essentially surrounds. This embodiment makes it possible that the geometry of the lifting column 14 may also be formed as a tubular or sleeve-shaped profile or as a closed profile, whereby a high rigidity of the lifting device 11 is given. As a result, both for the lifting column 14 and for the carrier 21 closed cross sections are created, which allow a high power consumption. In addition, the drive spindle or the lifting cylinder is arranged within the carrier 21. The profile geometry for the lifting column 14 and the carrier 21 can be varied. Furthermore, it is provided that the carrier 21 receives the controller 17 and the drive unit 18 and preferably accumulators 63 and is movable up and down. As a result, the structure by the entrainment of the controller 17, the drive unit 18 and the accumulators 63 on the carrier 21 and the associated wiring and installation of optionally hydraulic lines can be simplified.

In FIG. 11d is an enlarged half-section of the alternative embodiment of the lifting device 11 according to the FIGS. 11a to c shown.

In the lifting column 14 and within the carrier 21, a lifting cylinder is arranged for example as a drive unit 18. This is thus not accessible and protected from outside. Furthermore, this embodiment has the advantage that the upper guide member 41 and the lower guide member 43 are also always inside and thus protected.

It is preferably provided that the controller 17, drive unit 18 including the hydraulic unit 20 and the accumulators 63 on a side wall or on an adapter plate which is attachable to a side wall of the carrier 21, are attached. Alternatively, this unit can also be arranged aligned on the rear wall to the operating device 66.

In FIG. 11c In addition, a spacer 67 for receiving a lifting cylinder for forming the drive unit 18 is shown. This spacer 67 is screwed before the cylinder mounting on the free end of the piston rod or attached thereto. Subsequently, the lifting cylinder is fixed in the carrier 21. Subsequently, the carrier 21 is slipped over the lifting column 14, wherein the spacer 67 is inserted into the lifting column 14. As a result, an independent arrangement and positioning of the free piston end of the lifting cylinder in the lifting column 14 take place. The spacer 67 is preferably clover-shaped or four finger-shaped or star-shaped, in particular three-star-shaped, so that each blade end or finger can be supported in a corner of the preferably square or rectangular shaped lifting column 14, wherein the engaging fingers have a curve to a welded Lift column 14 to leave the corner slightly. An analogous embodiment also applies to a drive spindle or the like instead of a lifting cylinder.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 11c is the upper and lower guide member 41, 43 formed as a slider. These can be arranged interchangeably, for example, in a simple manner with a fastening screw. In FIG. 11d is the guide element 41 as an alternative to Slider or sliding element designed as a guide or roller or support roller.

Due to the closed embodiment of the carrier 21 with a lifting column 14 upwardly final cover 68, all internal components, such as sensors of the lifting cylinder or the drive spindle and the guide elements 41, 43, are protected from moisture and / or dirt.

The preceding remarks on the FIGS. 1 to 10c apply analogously for the FIGS. 11a to d as far as they can be formed on the exchanged arrangement of carrier 21 and lifting column 14.

In FIG. 12a is an alternative lifting device 11 to the FIGS. 11a to d shown. This embodiment differs with respect to FIGS. 11a to d to the effect that instead of a continuous upper roller as the upper guide element 41, for example, two rollers or two sliding elements are provided. Furthermore, it is provided that the lower guide elements 43 are formed as sliding elements. This arrangement can also be reversed. Likewise, only rollers or only sliding elements can be provided. In addition, an additional guide 44 for lateral positioning of the carrier 21 may be provided to the lifting column 14 on the lateral side walls, which is also preferably designed as a sliding element. These sliding elements for configuring the guide 44 may extend in sections or continuously along an inner wall of the carrier 21 or be arranged on an outer wall of the lifting column 14.

In FIG. 12b is an alternative embodiment to FIG. 12a shown. This embodiment differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 12a as well as the embodiment according to the FIGS. 11a to d from that the cross-sectional geometry of the lifting column 14 and the support 21 are not square or rectangular, but that, for example, a pentagonal geometry is formed. Here, the rear wall 31 of the lifting column 14 is divided into two sections, which are arranged at an obtuse or right angle to each other are. Alternatively, one half of a hexagonal or octagonal profile can be provided, wherein the inclined surfaces serve for centering. The same applies to the corresponding outer surfaces of the carrier 21. This can in turn be given a self-centering positioning of the carrier 21 to the lifting column 14 during the up and down movement of the load-bearing 22.

In FIG. 12c is an alternative embodiment to FIG. 12b shown, in this embodiment, the self-centering guide surfaces are not provided on the rear wall of the lifting column, but to the load receiving 22 facing.

In both embodiments according to the Figures 12b and c For example, the guide elements 41 can be designed both as roller or sliding elements or in combination with them.

Another alternative embodiment to the above FIGS. 11a to d and 12a to c is in FIG. 12d shown. In this embodiment, the lifting column 14 has a cross-sectional geometry as the carrier 21 in the embodiment according to the FIGS. 1 to 6 on. The carrier 21 has a circumference which completely surrounds the lifting column 14. The upper and lower guide elements 41, 43 are respectively provided on side walls of the carrier 21, so that they engage the guide surfaces 28 of the profiled lifting column 14. These can be fixed by fasteners to the carrier 21. As an alternative to the sliding elements and roles are possible. The configuration of the profile of the lifting column 14 within the carrier 21 is only an example. In addition, more diverse trained, even open, profiles may be provided for the lifting column.

In FIG. 13a is a schematic sectional view of a locking device 71 is shown, through which a carrier 21 to the lifting column 14 according to one embodiment in the FIGS. 11a to d can be kept secure. The FIG. 13b shows a perspective view of a part of the locking device 71, which is arranged on the lifting column 14. The locking device 71 comprises a drive device 72, in particular an adhesive magnet to a locking element 74 of the in FIG. 13a shown locked position 75 to transfer to an unlocked position. The locking element 74 is preferably formed as an L-shaped angle, which is pivotally mounted in a slot-shaped, preferably rectangular, recess in the carrier 21. The one end of the leg of the locking element 74, which is mounted within a housing 77 of the locking device 71 may be formed narrower than the other leg which engages the thrust bearing 82 and receives an adhesive element 78, which is attracted by the drive means 72 for unlocking. The second leg of the locking element 74 is disposed between the carrier 21 and the lifting column 14 and engages in a locking position in a recess 81 of an abutment 82 a. The load acting on top of the carrier 21 is transmitted via the recess on the carrier 21 to the locking element 74 and derived via the legs between the carrier 21 and the lifting column 14 on the recess 81 and via the anvil 82 in the lifting column 14. The recess on the carrier 21 is preferably stiffened with a particular U-shaped stiffening element 84, wherein the U-shaped stiffening element 84 is open at the bottom and surrounds the recess 21 on the carrier.

The counter-bearing 82 is for example according to FIG. 13b from a perforated plate 86 with an anchoring element 87 arranged at the upper end, in particular a mushroom head, which is arranged in a suspension device 88 for receiving the load. The suspension device 88 is firmly connected to the load transfer with the lifting column 14. When a force acts on the locking element 74 on the recess 81 of the abutment 82, the load is completely absorbed by the locking element 87. The anvil 82 is fixed in position via a detachable connection 91, in particular screw, only to the lifting column 14. The anvil 82 extends from the upper end of the lifting column 14 to the lower end, in which the load receiving is arranged in a home position or exceptional position.

In this locking device 71, only a pivotable arrangement of the L-shaped locking element 74 in the recess on the carrier 21 is sufficient. The adhesive element 78 is designed in such a way that its weight transfers the locking element 74 into a locking position 75 after the activation device 72 has been switched off. After a lifting movement of the carrier 21, the locking element 74 is independently led out of the locking position 75. In addition, the drive device 72 can still be activated or the magnet can be energized, so that the latch element 74 is actively held in an unlocking position during the movement of the carrier. As soon as the activation of a lifting movement of the carrier 21 is terminated, the activation device 72 or a currentless connection of the holding magnet is deactivated, and the locking element 74 autonomously engages against the abutment 82 or into the recess 81.

By means of the lifting device 11 according to the invention with the above-described embodiments, it is thus made possible that virtually the entire lifting height is reduced due to the increased distance of the upper and lower guide elements 41, 43.

Claims (16)

1. Lifting device, particularly a mobile lifting device, for lifting loads, vehicles or similar, with a lifting column (14), with a carrier (21) led through the lifting column (14), on which carrier a load handling attachment (22) is arranged, with a drive unit (18) controlled by the control (17), which moves the carrier (21) up and down in relation to the lifting column (14), and on a lower end of the carrier (21) or on the load handling attachment (22), at least one lower guide element (43) is provided, which is supported on the lifting column (14), and which is moved with the carrier (21) during a lifting movement, characterised in that on the upper or near to the upper end of the lifting column (14) at least one upper guide element (41) is provided, which is arranged in a fixed position on the lifting column (14) during the lifting movement of the carrier (21), and supports the carrier (21).
2. Lifting device according to claim 1, characterised in that the carrier (21) has a sleeve-shaped or cartridge-shaped design, and surrounds the lifting column (14) particularly in a lowered position of the load handling attachment (22), and the lifting column (14) comprises a profile, which is preferably closed.
3. Lifting device according to claim 1, characterised in that the at least one lower guide element (43), provided on the load handling attachment (22) or arranged outside of the lifting column (14) on the carrier (21), engages on at least one guide surface (28) of the lifting column (14) pointing to the load handling attachment (22).
4. Lifting device according to claim 2, characterised in that at least the drive unit (18) and/or the control (17) and/or at least one accumulator (63) are provided on the carrier (21), and an operating device (66) is preferably arranged on a base device (12) accommodating the lifting column (14).
5. Lifting device according to claim 1, characterised in that the lifting column (14) comprises a cross-section, particularly a U-shaped cross-section, at least partly surrounding the carrier (21), and includes a continuous rear wall (31) in the region of the lifting section, which comprises at least one guide surface (28) for the at least one lower guide section (43) arranged on the carrier (21).
6. Lifting device according to claim 5, characterised in that the at least one lower guide element (43) is provided within the lifting column (14), and is preferably supported on a guide surface (42) on a profile element in or on the lifting column (14) or on a rear wall (31) of the lifting column (14), and preferably the at least one upper guide element (41) arranged on the upper end of the lifting column (14) in a fixed position, is directly attached to the side walls (32) and/or rear wall (31).
7. Lifting device according to claim 2 or 5, characterised in that the at least one upper guide element (41) arranged on the upper end of the lifting column (14) in a fixed position, is directly attached to the lifting column (14) or is provided on a component group (45), which is attached to an upper end of the lifting column (14).
8. Lifting device according to claim 7, characterised in that the component group (45) comprises recesses (47) for front-sided end sections of the lifting column (14), this at least partly and preferably positively surrounds the front-sided end sections of the lifting column (14) or the component group (45) is designed as a mounting panel and is secured in a vertical direction by a detachable connection (53) at least against lifting up.
9. Lifting device according to claim 5, characterised in that side walls (32) are provided on the rear wall (31) of the lifting column (14) for forming the U-shaped cross-section, which walls comprise, on a front side lying opposite the rear wall (31), an edging (36) for reinforcing the side walls (32) and that preferably in the upper region of the lifting column (14) or in the region of a lifting end position of the carrier (21), a clamp element (56) engages on the external perimeter of the lifting column (14), which reinforces the side walls (32) to the rear wall (31).
10. Lifting device according to claim 5, characterised in that the carrier (21) comprises a closed cross-section, particularly sleeve-shaped or tube-shaped, within which a drive element (19) of the drive unit (18) is arranged.
11. Lifting device according to claim 5, characterised in that the carrier (21), which is at least partly surrounded by the lifting column (14), is formed from two wall elements (27), which are arranged at a right angle to one another, whereby two wall elements, arranged in parallel to each other, are arranged in an inwardly offset manner opposite the longitudinal edges of both other wall elements (27), in order to form guide surfaces (28).
12. Lifting device according to claim 2, characterised in that the carrier (21) which surrounds the lifting column (14) is designed as a closed sleeve, which permits the lifting column (14) to dip into the carrier (21).
13. Lifting device according to claim 2 or 5, characterised in that the carrier (21) comprises guide surfaces (28), which are arranged at an obtuse or right angle to one another, and the upper guide elements (43) are arranged at the same obtuse or right angle for guiding the carrier (21) on the lifting column (14) and that preferably along a movement area of the carrier (21) within which the at least one lower guide element (43) engages on at least one guide surface (42) of the lifting column (14), a material is provided for forming the at least one guide surface (42), which material is more resistant to wear and tear than in a head region of the lifting column (14).
14. Lifting device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one upper and lower guide element (41, 43) is designed as at least one roller and/or at least one sliding element and that preferably for rollers at least assigned to each other in pairs on the carrier (21) are provided rollers at least assigned to each other in pairs on the component group (45).
15. Lifting device according to claim 2, characterised in that on the lower end of the carrier (21), a locking device (71) is provided, which comprises a controllable, mechanical locking element (72), which is controlled by a drive device (74), and engages in a locking position (75) on a counter-bearing (82) on the lifting column (14).
16. Lifting device according to claim 15, characterised in that the counter-bearing (82) is designed as a perforated plate (86) with several recesses (82) arranged at regular distances from one another, and that the counter-bearing (81) is preferably held at the upper end of the lifting column (14) with a suspension device (88), and held in a fixed position to the lifting column (14) by at least one detachable connection (91) and preferably the locking element (74) is designed as an L-shaped corner, which is pivotably mounted in an oblong-shaped recess on the carrier (21), and the recess on the carrier (21) is fixed in a reinforced manner, preferably with a stiffening element (84), particularly a U-shaped stiffening element, which is arranged closed in the direction of the load pick-up and preferably a control device (72), particularly a clamp magnet, is provided for unlocking the locking device (71), which clamp magnet is disconnected from the mains after a movement of the carrier (21) in the lifting column (14).

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