EP2402970A1 - Unterbrechungskammer eines Schutzschalters für Hoch- und Mittelspannung mit reduzierter Bedienungsenergie und kleineren Abmessungen - Google Patents
Unterbrechungskammer eines Schutzschalters für Hoch- und Mittelspannung mit reduzierter Bedienungsenergie und kleineren Abmessungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2402970A1 EP2402970A1 EP11172008A EP11172008A EP2402970A1 EP 2402970 A1 EP2402970 A1 EP 2402970A1 EP 11172008 A EP11172008 A EP 11172008A EP 11172008 A EP11172008 A EP 11172008A EP 2402970 A1 EP2402970 A1 EP 2402970A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- arc
- movable
- permanent
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000722921 Tulipa gesneriana Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000003416 augmentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001080024 Telles Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H2033/028—Details the cooperating contacts being both actuated simultaneously in opposite directions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H2033/907—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using tandem pistons, e.g. several compression volumes being modified in conjunction or sequential
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume
Definitions
- the invention relates to a breaking chamber for use in a medium or high voltage circuit breaker typically in the range of 7.2 kV to 800 kV.
- high voltage circuit breaker includes circuit breakers that can be classified in the ultra-high voltage category, i-e beyond 550 kV.
- the design must be provided so that the opening and closing maneuvers of the three-pole circuit breaker can be realized. only by the operation of a low energy mechanism control, usually a spring latch mechanism which is located outside the interrupt chambers.
- the patent FR 2,435,118 describes a solution which consists in integrating a coil spring 20 inside the interrupting chamber, which is compressed during a closing operation by the external control and whose function is to compress the arc-blowing gas present in a blowing volume during an opening maneuver.
- the helical spring 20 bearing against the blowing piston 15 formed integrally and around an arcing contact 18 is compressed during the closing operation by the other arc contact 21 connected to the control.
- the helical spring 20 expands and thus compresses the gas present in the blast volume 30.
- the pressure in this volume 30 is further increased by the heating of the gas from the arc energy 25.
- the patent EP 0 441 292 discloses a solution similar to the previous one and which furthermore consists of the short-circuit operation illustrated in FIGS. Figures 3 and 4 to realize a double flow of blowing from the volumes V1 and V4 in parallel towards the arc contact 4A and through the nozzle 16.
- the volume V1 increases during the breaking of high currents and as a result the overpressure generated for the cut is decreased.
- Another disadvantage is that the two arcing contacts 4A, 7A may repel each other when breaking high short-circuit currents if the force of the spring 13 is not sufficient.
- the blows in parallel from each other respectively volumes V1, V4 tend to interfere with each other.
- the short circuit currents to be cut for the circuit breaker according to this application FR 2683382 were at most equal to 25 kA, which resulted in pressures in the thermal expansion volume of up to ten bars. Even by oversizing the compression spring 13 with necessarily an oversize of the external control, such a circuit breaker could not be considered currently because the short-circuit currents to be cut are even higher (up to 63kA) with pressures generated up to at 70 bars. It is also not certain that a compression spring 13 oversized to the extreme does not withstand these pressures. In other words, the solutions according to the patent EP 0 441 292 and the demand FR 2683382 can not be applied for high short-circuit currents (> 25kA).
- the patent WO 2006/066420 discloses another solution which consists of cooling the arc which occurs between the arcing contacts 4 and 5 by a gas blowing generated from the volume 24, as schematized in FIG. figure 1 of this patent.
- the pressure increase in the volume 24 is performed by the compressed gas from the volume 27 through the channel 29 and simultaneously by the heating of the gases caused by the energy of the arc.
- volume 27 is arranged on an outer diameter of the volume 24. This outer diameter is wide and tends to increase the diameter of the insulators 3, 3c.
- blowing piston 28 and the arc contact 4 must be moved by the same mechanism by means of a complex linkage because of the different races to be performed for each moving part and that the linkage must have complete compression in the volume 27 when the arc is established between the arc contacts 4 and 5.
- the patent US 5, 258,590 discloses a cutting chamber of small external diameter thanks to the compact arrangement of two arc contacts 8, 9, tubular so-called end and permanent contact 2. More precisely, one of the contacts of arc 8 is fixed and the other 9 is movable, and their ends 8 ', 9' are supported against each other in the closed position.
- the fixed arcing contact 8 also constitutes a permanent contact, the other permanent contact 2 also being in tubular and mobile form, and arranged coaxially and close to the other arcing contact 9.
- the arcing and permanent contact 8 at the end abutment against the other arcing contact 9 slides in abutment with the interior of the other permanent contact 2 until their separation from which the arc is created (see figure 3 ).
- the patent US 4, 511, 776 also discloses a breaking chamber with a compact arrangement of two arc contacts 5, 6 in tubular form and a permanent contact 4.
- the arc contact 5 is fixed and the other 6 is movable and they are arranged coaxially and distance one in the other in the closed position.
- the movable arcing contact 6 is also a permanent contact, the other permanent contact 4 being in tubular and fixed form and arranged coaxially with the fixed arcing contact 5.
- the arcing contact and permanent 6 mobile is in peripheral support with the permanent contact 4 and around and away from the other arc contact 5.
- the arc contact and permanent slides while being in peripheral support with the interior of the other permanent contact 4 until their separation from which the arc is created (see figure 1 ).
- the object of the invention is thus to propose a breaking chamber which does not have the drawbacks of the prior art and which requires a low operating energy, in particular in case of high short-circuit current failure ( ⁇ 40 kA), which is simple to make and which has compact transverse dimensions.
- the interrupting chamber may comprise sliding guide means of the movable permanent arc contact connected to the actuating rod, arranged between said movable contact and a supply or output contact of current from outside the interrupting chamber, the sliding guide means being further adapted to allow the passage of current between the supply contact or output contact and the arc contact and moving permanent.
- These sliding guiding means may consist of rollers mounted between the contacts or alternatively by a widening section of the arc contact and moving permanent.
- the moving arc and permanent contact is indirectly linked to the operating rod by mechanical transmission means adapted to increase the speed ratio in translation between the moving arc and permanent contact and the operating rod. This further reduces the operating energy by increasing, preferably doubling, the speed of translation of the arc contact and permanent with respect to the speed of actuation of the operating rod.
- the transmission means comprise at least one pinion whose axis of rotation is fixed to the operating rod, a first rack being arranged fixedly in the breaking chamber and a second rack fixed to the contact. mobile and permanent arc, the first and second rack being arranged diametrically opposed to each other with respect to the diameter of the pinion.
- the invention relates to a high or medium voltage circuit breaker, comprising, for a pole, one or more breaking chambers described above.
- the current interrupting chamber 1 for a medium or high voltage circuit breaker D extends along a longitudinal axis (XX ') and firstly comprises an insulating envelope 10 in which a pair of permanent contacts 2 is arranged. , One of which, in the form of a tulip, is fixed and the other 3, in the form of a tube, is movable along the longitudinal axis (XX ') under the action of an operating rod 4 itself arranged in another insulating envelope 40.
- It also comprises a pair of arc contacts 5, 6 both movable along the longitudinal axis (XX ').
- the permanent contacts 2, 3 and arc 5, 6 are provided to separate each other during a power failure.
- the travel in translation of the movable contact 5 is sufficiently high to achieve the power failure regardless of value and to obtain the dielectric strength of the circuit breaker.
- an arc-blowing nozzle 7 integral with the fixed permanent contact 2.
- the insulating blast nozzle and the permanent contact 2 are fixed to an outlet contact 8 of the current towards the outside of the the chamber via a fixed metal part 9 forming a support.
- a blowing chamber 70 defined by the fixed part 9 and the arc-blowing nozzle 7 defines a fixed volume V2 and which opens inside the blast nozzle 7 fixed by a channel 700 of small diameter to bring the gas blowing towards the zone of arc formed between the contacts 5, 6 during a break. It is therefore specified here that the volume V2 is therefore the thermal expansion volume for the high currents to be cut.
- a compression chamber 71 defines a volume V1 which varies and opens into the blowing chamber 70 under the action of a piston 60.
- the chambers The compression 71 and blowing 70 are substantially arranged one behind the other parallel to the longitudinal axis XX '.
- the compression chamber 71 and the blowing chamber 70 are separated by a valve 701.
- the valve setting 701 is designed to open by the overpressure generated in the compression chamber 71 by the movable piston 60. In the event of a break in high currents ( ⁇ 40 kA), the arc energy produces an overpressure in the fixed thermal expansion volume V2, which causes the closure of the valve 701.
- a helical spring 11 is fixed by one of its ends directly to the piston 60 and by the other of its ends to the output contact 8 of the current to the outside of the interrupting chamber.
- the breaking chamber 1 further comprises temporary mechanical connection means between the piston 60 and the moving arcing contact 5 connected to the actuating rod for compressing the spring 11 against the piston 60 during a maneuver. closing the permanent contacts 2, 3 and arc 5, 6 and to obtain a stroke of the movable arcing contact 5 greater than the stroke of the spring 11 which compresses the volume V1. Furthermore, the compression of the gas in the volume V1 is performed approximately as soon as the arcing contacts 3, 5 are separated ( figure 3 ).
- a mechanical stop (not shown) is provided to block the moving arcing contact 6 integral with the blowing piston 60 in a locking position corresponding to or close to the intermediate opening position ( figure 2 ) of peripheral support with the permanent contact, said locking position constituting the position of separation of the arc contacts facing the blast channel 700.
- metal rollers 30 are arranged between the supply contact 12 of the nominal current from outside the chamber and the arcing contact and moving permanent 3, 5. These rollers 30 and allow the sliding guide of the latter of its closed position ( figure 1 ) to its extreme opening position ( figure 5 ). These metal rollers 30 furthermore ensure the passage of the nominal current of the supply contact 12 in contact with the arc and permanent moving 5.
- the high voltage circuit breaker is in the closed position, ie in a position permitting the passage of a permanent nominal current from the supply contact of the current 12 from the outside of the breaking chamber 1 to the output contact 8 of the current to the outside of the chamber, the nominal current flowing through the permanent contacts 2, 3 in mutual peripheral support.
- the compression spring 11 bearing against the blowing piston 60 is in the compressed state. This compressed state is maintained by the two arcing contacts 5, 6 at end support or in other words end-to-end, the moving arcing contact 5 connected to the operating rod (to the right on the figure 1 ) being held in position by the locked operation control.
- the mechanical stop not shown has locked in translation the blowing piston 60 and thus the movable arcing contact 6 which is integral.
- the latter has its end opposite the edge of the blast channel 700.
- the movable and permanent arc contact 3, 5 which is connected to the operating rod 4 is always in translation: there is no longer in this position end support blocking between the two arcing contacts 5, 6. In other words, it is the position of separation of the two arcing contacts 5, 6.
- the current no longer transits and an electric arc is created and generates an overpressure in the chamber 70 by heating through the channel 700.
- the figure 5 illustrates the extreme opening position of the movable contacts 3, 5 and 6 or otherwise says the open position of the high voltage circuit breaker D.
- these mechanical means of increasing the transmission ratio advantageously consist of a double rack system 130, 310, one of which is fixed and the other integral with the movable and movable arcing contact, each of the two racks meshing with a fixed pinion 41 of the operating rod 4. More exactly and as illustrated in figure 6 , there is provided a first rack 130 made on a fixed support 13 in the interrupting chamber or in the insulating jacket portion 40 in which is housed the operating rod 4.
- An axis 410 is mounted at the end of the operating rod 4 and constitutes the axis of rotation of the pinion 41.
- the second rack 310 is integral with the arcing contact and movable permanent 3, 5 and arranged being diametrically opposed with the first rack 130 relative to the diameter of the pinion 41. Thanks to such system of racks 130, 310 and pinion 41 secured to the operating rod 4, the translation speed of the arcing contact and moving permanent 3, 5 is doubled with respect to the speed of translation of the operating rod 4. In other words, when the pinion 41 is moved a distance X 1 in the breaking chamber by the operating rod 4, the arcing contact and permanent 3, 5 moves for the same period of time on a double distance 2X 1 , which doubles its speed of translation.
- a sectional enlargement 31 on the contact of bow and permanent 3, 5 ( figure 6 ). Provision is furthermore made to conform the supply contact in the form of a tulip 120. During a maneuver, the tulip 120 then slides on the enlargement of section 31 of the contact 3, 5.
- the first rack 130 is arranged in the inner part of the fixed support 130, it can be provided on the outer part 131.
- the arc contact 3, 5 is made so that the pinion 41 s' meshes between this upper portion 131 of the fixed support 13 and a lower part of a tube additional cylinder connected to the operating rod 4.
- the fixed support 13 supporting the rack 130 constitutes a supply or output contact of the nominal current from or to the outside of the interrupting chamber.
- the tulip 120 and the fixed support 13 can also be made in one piece in order to simplify the geometry of the breaking chamber according to the invention and to facilitate its assembly.
- the mechanical stop of the piston 60 is arranged in an intermediate position of the compression chamber such that the volume V1 is not completely compressed when the movable contact 6 is blocked by said stop ( figure 5 ). It is also possible that this stop is constituted by the bottom of the compression chamber so that the volume V1 is completely compressed when the movable contact 6 is blocked.
- the thermal expansion volume 70 remains constant / frozen and the pressure that may occur therein can not disturb the displacement piston 60 under the action of the spring 11, and this for any value of the current to be cut.
Landscapes
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1055322A FR2962253B1 (fr) | 2010-07-01 | 2010-07-01 | Chambre de coupure pour disjoncteur a moyenne ou haute tension a energie de man?uvre et dimensions reduites |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2402970A1 true EP2402970A1 (de) | 2012-01-04 |
EP2402970B1 EP2402970B1 (de) | 2018-03-21 |
Family
ID=43532728
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11172008.2A Active EP2402970B1 (de) | 2010-07-01 | 2011-06-29 | Unterbrechungskammer eines Schutzschalters für Hoch- und Mittelspannung mit reduzierter Bedienungsenergie und kleineren Abmessungen |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2402970B1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2962253B1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3003078A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Disjoncteur ht avec dispositif de regeneration des contacts electriques en bout |
WO2015121439A1 (fr) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Chambre de coupure pour appareil de coupure d'un courant électrique moyenne ou haute tension avec ampoule comprenant un liquide |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR955677A (de) | 1950-01-18 | |||
FR1055323A (fr) | 1951-07-12 | 1954-02-17 | Rca Corp | Perfectionnements aux cathodes |
FR2435118A1 (fr) | 1978-09-04 | 1980-03-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Commutateur a auto-extinction |
US4511776A (en) | 1982-10-28 | 1985-04-16 | Alsthom-Atlantique | Break chamber for a gas-blast circuit breaker |
EP0411292A2 (de) | 1989-07-29 | 1991-02-06 | Prüfrex-Elektro-Apparatebau Inh. Helga Müller, geb. Dutschke | Zündverfahren, anordnung und anlage für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Magnetgenerator |
EP0441292A1 (de) | 1990-02-07 | 1991-08-14 | Gec Alsthom Sa | Mittelspannungsschalter mit Selbstbeblasung |
FR2683382A1 (fr) | 1991-10-31 | 1993-05-07 | Alsthom Gec | Disjoncteur a moyenne ou haute tension a contacts d'arc en bout. |
US5258590A (en) | 1991-08-02 | 1993-11-02 | Gec Alsthom Sa | Medium- or high-tension circuit breaker having abutting arcing contacts |
EP1548780A1 (de) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-06-29 | ABB Technology AG | Löschkammer und Hochleistungsschalter mit starker Lichtbogenbeblasung |
WO2006066420A1 (de) | 2004-12-24 | 2006-06-29 | Abb Technology Ag | Generatorschalter mit verbesserter schaltleistung |
-
2010
- 2010-07-01 FR FR1055322A patent/FR2962253B1/fr active Active
-
2011
- 2011-06-29 EP EP11172008.2A patent/EP2402970B1/de active Active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR955677A (de) | 1950-01-18 | |||
FR1055323A (fr) | 1951-07-12 | 1954-02-17 | Rca Corp | Perfectionnements aux cathodes |
FR2435118A1 (fr) | 1978-09-04 | 1980-03-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Commutateur a auto-extinction |
US4511776A (en) | 1982-10-28 | 1985-04-16 | Alsthom-Atlantique | Break chamber for a gas-blast circuit breaker |
EP0411292A2 (de) | 1989-07-29 | 1991-02-06 | Prüfrex-Elektro-Apparatebau Inh. Helga Müller, geb. Dutschke | Zündverfahren, anordnung und anlage für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Magnetgenerator |
EP0441292A1 (de) | 1990-02-07 | 1991-08-14 | Gec Alsthom Sa | Mittelspannungsschalter mit Selbstbeblasung |
US5258590A (en) | 1991-08-02 | 1993-11-02 | Gec Alsthom Sa | Medium- or high-tension circuit breaker having abutting arcing contacts |
FR2683382A1 (fr) | 1991-10-31 | 1993-05-07 | Alsthom Gec | Disjoncteur a moyenne ou haute tension a contacts d'arc en bout. |
EP1548780A1 (de) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-06-29 | ABB Technology AG | Löschkammer und Hochleistungsschalter mit starker Lichtbogenbeblasung |
WO2006066420A1 (de) | 2004-12-24 | 2006-06-29 | Abb Technology Ag | Generatorschalter mit verbesserter schaltleistung |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3003078A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Disjoncteur ht avec dispositif de regeneration des contacts electriques en bout |
WO2015121439A1 (fr) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Chambre de coupure pour appareil de coupure d'un courant électrique moyenne ou haute tension avec ampoule comprenant un liquide |
FR3017742A1 (fr) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-21 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Chambre de coupure pour appareil de coupure d'un courant electrique moyenne ou haute tension avec ampoule comprenant un liquide |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2962253B1 (fr) | 2012-08-31 |
FR2962253A1 (fr) | 2012-01-06 |
EP2402970B1 (de) | 2018-03-21 |
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