EP2398624B1 - Very high-pressure liquid-spraying gun for a very high-pressure liquid-spraying machine, and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Very high-pressure liquid-spraying gun for a very high-pressure liquid-spraying machine, and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2398624B1
EP2398624B1 EP10705109.6A EP10705109A EP2398624B1 EP 2398624 B1 EP2398624 B1 EP 2398624B1 EP 10705109 A EP10705109 A EP 10705109A EP 2398624 B1 EP2398624 B1 EP 2398624B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pieces
assembly
bonding
centering
assembly face
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Not-in-force
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EP10705109.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2398624A1 (en
Inventor
Michel Deleris
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Jedo Technologies
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Jedo Technologies
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49428—Gas and water specific plumbing component making
    • Y10T29/49432—Nozzle making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49893—Peripheral joining of opposed mirror image parts to form a hollow body

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing guns for spraying liquid at very high pressure and in particular guns for machines to work parts by jet of liquid at very high pressure including cutting and / or machining machines. It extends to projection guns made according to this manufacturing process
  • the technique of cutting and / or machining by high-pressure liquid jet is to project liquid under a pressure of 1000 to 8000 bar.
  • the liquid usually pure water or with additives, is then expelled at a very high speed, from 600 to more than 1000m / s, and directed against the workpiece.
  • the technique of waterjet machining very high pressure can work many materials such as plastics, paper or metal alloys and without dust emission or heat generation.
  • abrasive particles can be added to the projected water.
  • the cutting heads used according to this cutting method conventionally comprise a collimation tube, a nozzle of small internal diameter, a mixing chamber, and a liquid projection gun at very high pressure.
  • the liquid under very high pressure enters through the collimation tube.
  • the liquid is then thrown through the nozzle and returns to high speed in the mixing chamber provided with an inlet of abrasive particles.
  • the mixture of liquid and abrasive particles is concentrated and the jet under very high pressure is directed on the workpiece by a small bore inner barrel.
  • This gun is known generally as the focusing gun.
  • these focusing guns are pieces having a ratio length to large diameter which makes difficult the machining of a conduit from a massive piece.
  • machining does not allow to go below a certain threshold of internal diameter for a given length.
  • the internal diameter of the focusing gun determines the accuracy of the jet of liquid.
  • the focusing guns are usually made of tungsten carbide. Indeed, the implementation of this ceramic is easy and a reasonable cost for such an application.
  • tungsten carbide guns can only be used with oxide abrasives such as garnet or alumina oxide of relatively low hardness. Indeed, the use of abrasives with a hardness higher than that of tungsten carbide, from 8 to 9 on the MOHS scale, would quickly wear inside the barrel resulting in a premature loss of precision and a duration of life incompatible with the usual applications of very high pressure liquid jet machining machines.
  • Another method of manufacturing focusing guns is to deposit a vapor phase ceramic on a cylindrical graphite support and then to remove the cylindrical support by heating once the ceramic has formed a tubular structure around the graphite.
  • This process makes it possible in particular to manufacture silicon carbide guns, a ceramic of high hardness, of the order of 9.5 on the MOHS scale, making it possible to work with a wide range of abrasives that are no longer limited to to oxides.
  • a focusing gun In order to circumvent problems related to the ratio length to internal diameter of the barrel, it has been envisaged to manufacture a focusing gun by assembling several elements. These elements may be cylindrical parts of low height, and therefore of low length to internal diameter, which are aligned along the axis of the barrel conduit and held together by clamping with an outer piece-type sheath. This technique is however hardly exploited. Indeed, it does not allow to properly align the different elements of the barrel, and differences in alignment cause disturbances of the flow of the liquid at very high pressure. In addition, the junction areas are particularly sensitive to wear.
  • the present invention aims at overcoming the various drawbacks of the current techniques for manufacturing focusing guns and has the following main objective of providing a simple implementation method and a low cost, to control very precisely the shape and dimensions of the projection pipe of the focusing gun.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for the manufacture of focusing guns by means of any type of material, and in particular of very high hardness materials such as silicon carbide ceramics.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for the manufacture of focusing guns compatible with a wide range of abrasives and having an increased lifetime regardless of the nature of the abrasive used.
  • the focusing gun is constituted of two parts secured to one another by gluing, the relative prior positioning of the parts is ensured by means of at least one centering rib and a cavity of centering which are designed to cooperate, to ensure the accuracy of the relative positioning, before the surfaces to be secured by gluing do not come into contact with each other.
  • the two pieces are perfectly guided and can in no way undergo any transverse relative displacement likely to alter their centering.
  • the two parts are directly in contact with one another at the level of the plane median zones which make it possible to separate the bonding zone and the conduit of the focusing gun, and therefore lead to secure against a transfer of adhesive substance towards the said conduit.
  • each reservoir formed in the assembly face of a workpiece a centering rib of length at least equal to that of said bonding reservoir, interposed between the latter and the central groove in said assembly face, so that each rib thus has the dual function of centering element and protective barrier of the focus gun duct.
  • this protective barrier not only preserves the integrity of the conduit of the focusing gun, but also leads to prohibit any migration of the adhesive substance towards the plane central zone, so that the two parts come into contact with one another via "unpolluted" faces.
  • the contact between the two pieces thus consists of a direct contact, without significant play.
  • this game is much less than the diameter of the abrasive particles, so that the latter can not lodge in the gap between the parts and wear prematurely the focusing gun.
  • each tank formed in the assembly face of a room is associated with a so-called overflow space communicating with said tank for the reception of the tank. possible excess of adhesive substance during the assembly of the two parts, each of said overflow spaces being arranged laterally opposite the plane central zone relative to the associated reservoir.
  • each overflow space consists of a slot extending from the periphery of the focusing gun, in the assembled position of the two parts, arranged between the said assembly faces facing each bonding tank.
  • Such an overflow space allows, in addition to the absorption of an excess of adhesive surface, to distribute this excess between the assembly faces of the two contiguous pieces and thus increase the bonded surface of these assembly faces.
  • the other piece has an assembly face comprising a flat area, called bonding, coplanar with the central zone plane, adapted to extend opposite the associated bonding reservoir and seal the latter.
  • a focusing gun is produced from two identical parts each comprising at least one centering assembly consisting of a centering rib and a centering cavity arranged symmetrically. on either side of the central groove.
  • centering ribs are formed and centering cavities extending along the majority of the parts are housed.
  • the assembly faces of the parts are cleaned before the deposit of an adhesive substance.
  • the step of depositing an adhesive substance is advantageously preceded by a step of improving the adhesion of each reservoir and each bonding zone, such as erosion step by a laser attack, an acid or plasma or deposition step of a preparation layer, in particular based on silane.
  • the step of bonding the parts with an adhesive substance is advantageously followed by a machining step of the focusing gun.
  • an adhesive substance advantageously chosen from epoxides, methacrylates, polyimides or a mixture thereof is advantageously used.
  • parts of a material with a hardness greater than 8 on the MOHS scale are advantageously used, such as, for example, advantageously silicon carbide.
  • the invention also extends to a focusing gun comprising alone or in combination, any of the features set forth in the claims or the description of the present application.
  • the focusing gun shown in the figures is intended, in the usual way, to be mounted on a cutting head of a liquid projection machine at very high pressure.
  • this focusing gun 1 consists of two elongated pieces 2, 2 'comprising assembly faces J by which they are intended to be contiguous to form, in the assembled state, said focusing gun 1 .
  • these two parts 2, 2 ' are identical. They have, over most of their length, a semi-cylindrical shape delimited by an assembly face J extending in a diametral plane (P), and terminate in a distal end section 2a of semi frustoconical shape.
  • this part 2 are determined according to the dimensions of the focusing gun 1 to be produced.
  • These parts 2 are, in addition, made of a material of high hardness, preferably with a hardness greater than 8 on the MOHS scale, in order to make it possible to work with materials of a hardness superior to the materials usually worked. with tungsten carbide guns.
  • these parts 2 may in particular be made of silicon carbide.
  • each part 2 comprises, formed in the junction face J, and centered on the longitudinal plane of symmetry (S) of said piece, a central groove 3 of semi-cylindrical section adapted to form a cylindrical duct 12 in the assembled state of two pieces 2.
  • This central groove 3 extends over the entire part 2 and comprises, at the proximal end of this piece, a flared semi-conical section 3a for introduction into the conduit 12 of the liquid under pressure.
  • central grooves 3 may be of shapes other than semi-cylindrical, and form ducts 12 of all sections, parallelepipedic ...
  • a duct 12 of parallelepipedal shape may be chosen for applications consisting of to give a sweeping motion to the jet of liquid.
  • This additional material is preferably of greater hardness than the pieces 2 and can for example consist of diamond. This material may, in particular, be added by vapor deposition.
  • each piece 2 has a plane central zone 4, 5 divided into two half-zones 4, 5 respectively extending on either side of the central groove 3.
  • This central zone 4, 5 is , in addition coplanar with the diametral plane (P), so that the median areas of two pieces 2 assembled are in contact with each other.
  • this median zone 4, 5 is bordered by a centering rib 6 of rectangular parallelepipedal section protruding from the assembly face J.
  • this central zone 4, 5 is itself bordered by a centering groove 7 with a cross-section of that of the centering rib 6, the said centering rib and the said centering groove being arranged symmetrically with on both sides of the plane of symmetry (S) so that, as shown in Figures 3 and 4 , the centering rib 6 of each piece 2, 2 'comes to be housed in the centering groove 7 of the other piece 2', 2 during assembly of said pieces.
  • each part 2 forms, between the centering groove 7 and the corresponding longitudinal edge of said part, a flat lateral zone 8 extending in the diametral plane (P) and thus coplanar with the median flat area 4, 5.
  • This assembly face J further comprises, laterally contiguous to the centering rib 6 and separated from the central zone 4, 5 by said centering rib, a longitudinal groove 9 intended to form a reservoir for an adhesive substance 11, and to be closed, in the assembled position of two pieces 2, 2 'and as shown in FIG. figure 4 , by the lateral zone 8 of the part 2 vis-à-vis.
  • each of the grooves 7 and 9 and ribs 6 extend longitudinally from the distal end of each piece 2, substantially over three quarters of the length of said piece.
  • each part 2 finally forms, between the reservoir 9 and the corresponding longitudinal edge of said part, a flat lateral zone 10 extending substantially back from the diametral plane (P), so that the zone lateral 10 of a part 2 delimits a slot opening laterally at one of the generatrices of the focusing gun 1, with the lateral face 8 vis-à-vis the second part 2 'forming said said focusing gun.
  • This slot 8-10 thus forms a duct for evacuating the possible excess of adhesive substance and distributing this excess between the faces.
  • assembly J two pieces 2, 2 'assembled, thereby increasing the bonded surface of these assembly faces.
  • the figure 5 represents an alternative embodiment according to which the plane lateral zone bordering the reservoir 9 consists of a plane face delimiting an obtuse angle of the order of 120 degrees with the diametral plane (P).
  • the lateral zone 8 bordering the centering groove 7 forms a dihedron with an apex angle of the order of 120 degrees, one of the two half-planes 23 of which is adapted to extend parallel to the plane face 25, and to delimit with the latter a volume of retention of the excess of adhesive substance, closed at the periphery of the focusing gun 1, by a longitudinal edge 24 projecting from said half-plane 23.
  • the amount of adhesive substance filling the retention volume is made to work in shear and not in tension, so that it increases the adhesion strength of said adhesive substance.
  • FIGS. Figures 1 and 2 The manufacturing steps of a focusing gun 1 by means of two identical pieces 2 represented in FIGS. Figures 1 and 2 , is described below in particular with reference to Figures 3 and 4 .
  • a preliminary step consists in cleaning the assembly faces J of the two parts. This removes the residues that could have been generated by the manufacture of the latter.
  • this cleaning is essential at the level of the reservoirs 9 and the flat lateral areas 8 of shutter of said reservoirs. Indeed, this cleaning prevents residues present on these surfaces from decreasing the adhesion of the adhesive substance 11.
  • the cleaning may, for example, include a first step of degreasing the pieces 2 followed by etching with an acid, and a final cleaning with a solvent to remove the residues generated by the acid attack.
  • a second operation is to improve the adherence of the bonding surfaces, namely the walls of the reservoirs 9, lateral zones 8 and lateral zones 10.
  • This improvement in adhesion can be achieved by erosion of said bonding surfaces, for example by etching by means of a laser, an acid or plasma.
  • the improvement of the adhesion can also be done by depositing a preparation layer for example based on silane.
  • the following operation consists in filling each reservoir by means of an adhesive substance 11.
  • This deposit can in particular be made by screen printing, by deposition of an adhesive film, by deposition of a bead or by any other type of substance deposit.
  • adhesive 11 known.
  • the adhesive substance 11 may be an epoxy, methacrylates, polyimides or a mixture of these components.
  • the substance used thus consists of an epoxy or bismale film.
  • the junction faces J of the two parts 2 and 2 'are then positioned opposite, and the two parts 2, 2' are brought together until the centering ribs 6 to enter the centering grooves 7, position from of which the two parts 2, 2 'are then perfectly guided and can in no way undergo any transverse relative displacement may alter their centering.
  • the contact obtained between the two parts 2, 2 ', especially at the level of the median areas 4, 5, thus consists of a direct contact, without significant play, so that the dimensions of the duct 12 of the focusing gun 1 are only a function of the dimensions of the central grooves 3.
  • the following operation consists in exerting pressure on the parts 2, 2 'thus brought into contact, and in maintaining this pressure for the time necessary for the good fixing of the parts by the adhesive substance 11.
  • This time depends in particular on the nature of the adhesive substance, the temperature and the humidity. It is determined according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the adhesive substance 11.
  • the parts 2, 2 ' form a focusing gun 1 ready for use.
  • the bonding step may be followed by a step of machining or grinding the outside of the focusing gun 1 in order to modify the shape of the latter, to modify its outside diameter or to eliminate the residues generated by the collage.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de canons de projection de liquide à très haute pression et en particulier de canons pour des machines à travailler des pièces par jet de liquide à très haute pression notamment des machines de découpe et/ou d'usinage. Elle s'étend aux canons de projection réalisés selon ce procédé de fabricationThe present invention relates to a method for manufacturing guns for spraying liquid at very high pressure and in particular guns for machines to work parts by jet of liquid at very high pressure including cutting and / or machining machines. It extends to projection guns made according to this manufacturing process

La technique de découpe et/ou d'usinage par jet de liquide à très haute pression consiste à projeter du liquide sous une pression de 1 000 à 8 000 bars. Le liquide, généralement de l'eau pure ou avec des additifs, est alors expulsé à très grande vitesse, de 600 à plus de 1000m/s, et dirigé contre la pièce à travailler. Ainsi, la technique de l'usinage par jet d'eau très haute pression permet de travailler de nombreux matériaux tels que des plastiques, des papiers ou des alliages de métaux et ce sans émission de poussières ou génération de chaleur. Pour faciliter la coupe des matériaux, on peut ajouter à l'eau projetée des particules abrasives.The technique of cutting and / or machining by high-pressure liquid jet is to project liquid under a pressure of 1000 to 8000 bar. The liquid, usually pure water or with additives, is then expelled at a very high speed, from 600 to more than 1000m / s, and directed against the workpiece. Thus, the technique of waterjet machining very high pressure can work many materials such as plastics, paper or metal alloys and without dust emission or heat generation. To facilitate the cutting of materials, abrasive particles can be added to the projected water.

Les têtes de découpe utilisées selon ce procédé de découpe comportent classiquement un tube de collimation, une buse de faible diamètre intérieur, une chambre de mélange, et un canon de projection de liquide à très haute pression.The cutting heads used according to this cutting method conventionally comprise a collimation tube, a nozzle of small internal diameter, a mixing chamber, and a liquid projection gun at very high pressure.

Le liquide sous très haute pression rentre par le tube de collimation. Le liquide est alors projeté au travers de la buse et rentre à grande vitesse dans la chambre de mélange pourvue d'une entrée de particules abrasives. Le mélange de liquide et des particules abrasives est concentré et le jet sous très haute pression est dirigé sur la pièce à travailler par un canon de faible diamètre intérieur. Ce canon est connu de façon générale sous le nom de canon de focalisation.The liquid under very high pressure enters through the collimation tube. The liquid is then thrown through the nozzle and returns to high speed in the mixing chamber provided with an inlet of abrasive particles. The mixture of liquid and abrasive particles is concentrated and the jet under very high pressure is directed on the workpiece by a small bore inner barrel. This gun is known generally as the focusing gun.

De façon classique, de tels canons de focalisation sont fabriqués par usinage à partir d'une pièce massive.Conventionally, such focusing guns are manufactured by machining from a massive piece.

Toutefois, ces canons de focalisation sont des pièces présentant un rapport longueur sur diamètre important ce qui rend difficile l'usinage d'un conduit à partir d'une pièce massive. L'usinage ne permet en particulier pas de descendre au dessous d'un certain seuil de diamètre interne pour une longueur donnée. Or le diamètre interne du canon de focalisation détermine la précision du jet de liquide.However, these focusing guns are pieces having a ratio length to large diameter which makes difficult the machining of a conduit from a massive piece. In particular, machining does not allow to go below a certain threshold of internal diameter for a given length. However, the internal diameter of the focusing gun determines the accuracy of the jet of liquid.

De plus, selon cette technique de fabrication, les canons de focalisation sont d'ordinaire fabriqués en carbure de tungstène. En effet, la mise en oeuvre de cette céramique est facile et d'un coût de revient raisonnable pour une telle application. Toutefois, de tels canons en carbure de tungstène ne peuvent être utilisés qu'avec des abrasifs de type oxyde tels que du grenat ou de l'oxyde d'alumine de faible dureté relative. En effet, l'utilisation d'abrasifs d'une dureté plus élevée que celle du carbure de tungstène, de 8 à 9 sur l'échelle de MOHS, userait rapidement l'intérieur du canon entrainant une perte de précision prématurée et une durée de vie incompatible avec les applications habituelles des machines d'usinage par jet de liquide très haute pression.In addition, according to this manufacturing technique, the focusing guns are usually made of tungsten carbide. Indeed, the implementation of this ceramic is easy and a reasonable cost for such an application. However, such tungsten carbide guns can only be used with oxide abrasives such as garnet or alumina oxide of relatively low hardness. Indeed, the use of abrasives with a hardness higher than that of tungsten carbide, from 8 to 9 on the MOHS scale, would quickly wear inside the barrel resulting in a premature loss of precision and a duration of life incompatible with the usual applications of very high pressure liquid jet machining machines.

Un autre procédé de fabrication de canons de focalisation consiste à déposer une céramique en phase vapeur sur un support cylindrique en graphite, puis à éliminer par chauffage le support cylindrique une fois que la céramique a formé une structure tubulaire autour du graphite.Another method of manufacturing focusing guns is to deposit a vapor phase ceramic on a cylindrical graphite support and then to remove the cylindrical support by heating once the ceramic has formed a tubular structure around the graphite.

Ce procédé permet notamment la fabrication de canons en carbure de silicium, une céramique d'une dureté élevée, de l'ordre de 9,5 sur l'échelle de MOHS, permettant de travailler avec une large gamme d'abrasifs ne se limitant plus aux oxydes.This process makes it possible in particular to manufacture silicon carbide guns, a ceramic of high hardness, of the order of 9.5 on the MOHS scale, making it possible to work with a wide range of abrasives that are no longer limited to to oxides.

Cependant, ce procédé de fabrication s'avère d'une mise en oeuvre complexe et le coût de production des canons ainsi produits est élevé.However, this manufacturing process turns out to be complex and the production cost of the guns thus produced is high.

Afin de contourner les problèmes liés au rapport longueur sur diamètre interne du canon, il a été envisagé de fabriquer un canon de focalisation en assemblant plusieurs éléments. Ces éléments peuvent être des pièces cylindriques de faible hauteur, et donc de faible rapport longueur sur diamètre interne, qui sont alignées selon l'axe du conduit du canon et maintenues assemblées par serrage avec une pièce externe de type fourreau. Cette technique n'est toutefois quasiment pas exploitée. En effet, elle ne permet pas d'aligner correctement les différents éléments du canon, et les différences d'alignement entraînent des perturbations de l'écoulement du liquide à très haute pression. De plus, les zones de jonction s'avèrent particulièrement sensibles à l'usure.In order to circumvent problems related to the ratio length to internal diameter of the barrel, it has been envisaged to manufacture a focusing gun by assembling several elements. These elements may be cylindrical parts of low height, and therefore of low length to internal diameter, which are aligned along the axis of the barrel conduit and held together by clamping with an outer piece-type sheath. This technique is however hardly exploited. Indeed, it does not allow to properly align the different elements of the barrel, and differences in alignment cause disturbances of the flow of the liquid at very high pressure. In addition, the junction areas are particularly sensitive to wear.

En vue de pallier les inconvénients des techniques ci-dessus, un autre procédé de fabrication a consisté, tel que notamment décrit dans US 5 785 582 ou DE 196 40 920 , à réaliser des canons de focalisation à partir de deux pièces dotées de faces d'assemblage par lesquelles elles sont destinées à être accolées pour former, à l'état assemblé, un canon de focalisation. Selon ce procédé, on ménage dans la face d'assemblage de chacune des deux pièces, une rainure centrale ménagée dans une zone médiane plane de la dite face d'assemblage et adaptée pour s'étendre entre les deux extrémités de cette dernière, les dites rainures centrales étant adaptées pour former le conduit du canon de focalisation dans la position assemblée des deux pièces.In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above techniques, another manufacturing process has consisted, as described in particular in US 5,785,582 or DE 196 40 920 , to realize focusing guns from two parts provided with assembly faces by which they are intended to be contiguous to form, in the assembled state, a focusing gun. According to this method, there is provided in the assembly face of each of the two parts, a central groove formed in a flat central zone of said assembly face and adapted to extend between the two ends of the latter, said central grooves being adapted to form the conduit of the focusing gun in the assembled position of the two parts.

Le problème que nécessite de résoudre une telle technique réside dans l'obtention d'un positionnement précis des deux pièces permettant l'obtention d'un conduit de dimensions internes parfaitement maîtrisées. Or à l'heure actuelle, aucune solution ne permet de résoudre ce problème de façon satisfaisante.The problem that requires solving such a technique lies in obtaining a precise positioning of the two parts to obtain a conduit of internal dimensions perfectly mastered. However, at present, no solution can solve this problem satisfactorily.

En effet, les méthodes actuelles soit nécessitent un mécanisme externe coûteux (techniques décrites dans DE 297 02 397 ou US 2 332 407 ), soit ne garantissent pas un parfait positionnement relatif et un parfait maintien des deux pièces lors de la phase d'assemblage de ces dernières :

  • ■ technique utilisant un film ceinturant les deux pièces décrite dans US 5 785 582 ,
  • ■ technique de collage des faces d'assemblage des deux pièces décrite dans DE 196 40 920 , selon laquelle :
    • on ménage dans la face d'assemblage d'au moins une des deux pièces, latéralement par rapport à la zone médiane plane de cette dernière, au moins un réservoir de collage destiné à être rempli d'une quantité de substance adhésive adaptée pour adhérer avec la portion de la face d'assemblage de l'autre pièce située en regard du dit réservoir, dans la position assemblée des deux pièces
    • on remplit chaque réservoir de collage de substance adhésive, et on met en contact les deux pièces de façon qu'elles soient accolées par leur face d'assemblage et solidarisées au moyen de la substance adhésive,
Indeed, current methods either require an expensive external mechanism (techniques described in DE 297 02 397 or US 2,332,407 ), or do not guarantee a perfect relative positioning and perfect maintenance of the two parts during the assembly phase of the latter:
  • ■ technique using a film encircling the two parts described in US 5,785,582 ,
  • ■ bonding technique of the assembly faces of the two parts described in DE 196 40 920 , according to which:
    • in the assembly face of at least one of the two parts, at least one bonding reservoir intended to be filled with an amount of adhesive substance adapted to adhere with the adhesive, is arranged laterally with respect to the plane central zone of the latter; the portion of the assembly face of the other part located opposite said reservoir, in the assembled position of the two parts
    • each adhesive reservoir is filled with adhesive substance, and the two parts are brought into contact so that they are contiguous to their assembly face and secured by means of the adhesive substance,

La présente invention vise à pallier les divers inconvénients des techniques actuelles de fabrication de canons de focalisation et a pour principal objectif de fournir un procédé de mise en oeuvre simple et d'un faible coût de revient, permettant de maîtriser très précisément la forme et les dimensions du conduit de projection du canon de focalisation.The present invention aims at overcoming the various drawbacks of the current techniques for manufacturing focusing guns and has the following main objective of providing a simple implementation method and a low cost, to control very precisely the shape and dimensions of the projection pipe of the focusing gun.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir un procédé permettant la fabrication de canons de focalisation au moyen de tout type de matériaux, et en particulier de matériaux de dureté très élevée tels que des céramiques de type carbure de silicium.Another object of the invention is to provide a method for the manufacture of focusing guns by means of any type of material, and in particular of very high hardness materials such as silicon carbide ceramics.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir un procédé permettant la fabrication de canons de focalisation compatibles avec une large gamme d'abrasifs et présentant une durée de vie augmentée quelle que soit la nature de l'abrasif utilisé.Another object of the invention is to provide a method for the manufacture of focusing guns compatible with a wide range of abrasives and having an increased lifetime regardless of the nature of the abrasive used.

Pour ce faire, l'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de canons de focalisation utilisant la technique de collage ci-dessus décrite selon laquelle, en outre :

  • on forme, sur la face d'assemblage d'au moins une pièce, au moins une nervure, dite nervure de centrage, en saillie par rapport à la dite face d'assemblage
  • et, pour chaque nervure de centrage formée sur la face d'assemblage d'une pièce, on ménage dans la face d'assemblage de l'autre pièce, une cavité, dite cavité de centrage, de dimensions adaptées pour loger étroitement la dite nervure de centrage, dans la position assemblée des deux pièces où les rainures centrales forment le conduit du canon de focalisation.
To this end, the invention relates to a process for manufacturing focusing guns using the bonding technique described above, in which:
  • at least one rib, said centering rib, projecting from said assembly face is formed on the assembly face of at least one part;
  • and, for each centering rib formed on the assembly face of a workpiece, there is provided in the assembly face of the other workpiece a cavity, called a centering cavity, of dimensions adapted to fit the said rib tightly. centering, in the assembled position of the two parts where the central grooves form the conduit of the focusing gun.

Ainsi, selon l'invention, le canon de focalisation est constitué de deux pièces solidarisées l'une à l'autre par collage, dont le positionnement préalable relatif des pièces est assuré au moyen d'au moins une nervure de centrage et une cavité de centrage qui sont conçues de façon à coopérer, afin de garantir la précision du positionnement relatif, avant que les surfaces destinées à être solidarisées par collage ne viennent au contact les unes des autres. Ainsi, lors du collage effectif, les deux pièces sont parfaitement guidées et ne peuvent aucunement subir un quelconque déplacement relatif transversal susceptible d'altérer leur centrage.Thus, according to the invention, the focusing gun is constituted of two parts secured to one another by gluing, the relative prior positioning of the parts is ensured by means of at least one centering rib and a cavity of centering which are designed to cooperate, to ensure the accuracy of the relative positioning, before the surfaces to be secured by gluing do not come into contact with each other. Thus, during the actual bonding, the two pieces are perfectly guided and can in no way undergo any transverse relative displacement likely to alter their centering.

En outre, une fois assemblées les deux pièces sont directement en contact l'une de l'autre au niveau des zones médianes planes qui permettent de séparer la zone de collage et le conduit du canon de focalisation, et donc conduisent à sécuriser contre un transfert de substance adhésive vers le dit conduit.In addition, once assembled, the two parts are directly in contact with one another at the level of the plane median zones which make it possible to separate the bonding zone and the conduit of the focusing gun, and therefore lead to secure against a transfer of adhesive substance towards the said conduit.

Toutefois, afin de se garantir de façon certaine contre tout transfert de substance adhésive vers le conduit du canon de focalisation, on associe avantageusement selon l'invention, à chaque réservoir ménagé dans la face d'assemblage d'une pièce, une nervure de centrage de longueur au moins égale à celle du dit réservoir de collage, interposée entre ce dernier et la rainure centrale ménagée dans la dite face d'assemblage, de sorte que chaque nervure présente ainsi la double fonction d'élément de centrage et de barrière de protection du conduit du canon de focalisation.However, in order to be sure against any transfer of adhesive substance towards the conduit of the focusing gun, is advantageously associated according to the invention, with each reservoir formed in the assembly face of a workpiece, a centering rib of length at least equal to that of said bonding reservoir, interposed between the latter and the central groove in said assembly face, so that each rib thus has the dual function of centering element and protective barrier of the focus gun duct.

Il est également à noter que, du fait de sa position, cette barrière de protection, non seulement préserve l'intégrité du conduit du canon de focalisation, mais conduit également à interdire toute migration de la substance adhésive vers la zone médiane plane, de sorte que les deux pièces viennent au contact l'une de l'autre par l'intermédiaire de faces « non polluées ».It should also be noted that, because of its position, this protective barrier not only preserves the integrity of the conduit of the focusing gun, but also leads to prohibit any migration of the adhesive substance towards the plane central zone, so that the two parts come into contact with one another via "unpolluted" faces.

Le contact entre les deux pièces consiste ainsi en un contact direct, sans jeu significatif. En fait, ce jeu s'avère largement inférieur au diamètre des particules abrasives, de sorte que ces dernières ne peuvent pas se loger dans l'intervalle entre les pièces et user prématurément le canon de focalisation.The contact between the two pieces thus consists of a direct contact, without significant play. In fact, this game is much less than the diameter of the abrasive particles, so that the latter can not lodge in the gap between the parts and wear prematurely the focusing gun.

Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre avantageux de l'invention, on associe à chaque réservoir ménagé dans la face d'assemblage d'une pièce, un espace dit de trop plein, communiquant avec le dit réservoir en vue de la réception de l'éventuel excès de substance adhésive lors de l'assemblage des deux pièces, chacun des dits espaces de trop plein étant ménagé, latéralement, à l'opposé de la zone médiane plane relativement au réservoir associé.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, each tank formed in the assembly face of a room is associated with a so-called overflow space communicating with said tank for the reception of the tank. possible excess of adhesive substance during the assembly of the two parts, each of said overflow spaces being arranged laterally opposite the plane central zone relative to the associated reservoir.

De plus, on réalise avantageusement les faces d'assemblage des deux pièces de façon que chaque espace de trop plein consiste en une fente s'étendant à partir de la périphérie du canon de focalisation, dans la position assemblée des deux pièces, ménagée entre les dites faces d'assemblage en regard de chaque réservoir de collage. Un tel espace de trop plein permet, outre l'absorption d'un excès de surface adhésive, de répartir cet excès entre les faces d'assemblage des deux pièces accolées et d'augmenter ainsi la surface encollée de ces faces d'assemblage.In addition, the assembly faces of the two parts are advantageously made so that each overflow space consists of a slot extending from the periphery of the focusing gun, in the assembled position of the two parts, arranged between the said assembly faces facing each bonding tank. Such an overflow space allows, in addition to the absorption of an excess of adhesive surface, to distribute this excess between the assembly faces of the two contiguous pieces and thus increase the bonded surface of these assembly faces.

Par ailleurs, pour parfaire le collage et de façon avantageuse selon l'invention, pour chaque réservoir de collage ménagé dans une pièce, l'autre pièce présente une face d'assemblage comportant une zone plane, dite de collage, coplanaire avec la zone médiane plane, adaptée pour s'étendre en regard du réservoir de collage associé et obturer ce dernier.Furthermore, to complete the bonding and advantageously according to the invention, for each bonding tank formed in one piece, the other piece has an assembly face comprising a flat area, called bonding, coplanar with the central zone plane, adapted to extend opposite the associated bonding reservoir and seal the latter.

Selon un autre mode de mise en oeuvre avantageux de l'invention, on réalise un canon de focalisation à partir de deux pièces identiques comportant chacune au moins un ensemble de centrage constitué d'une nervure de centrage et d'une cavité de centrage disposées symétriquement de part et d'autre de la rainure centrale.According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a focusing gun is produced from two identical parts each comprising at least one centering assembly consisting of a centering rib and a centering cavity arranged symmetrically. on either side of the central groove.

Par ailleurs, de façon avantageuse selon l'invention, on forme des nervures de centrage et on ménage des cavités de centrage s'étendant le long de la majeure partie des pièces.Advantageously, according to the invention, centering ribs are formed and centering cavities extending along the majority of the parts are housed.

Ainsi le positionnement des deux pièces est parfaitement sécurisé sur toute la longueur de ces pièces et leur fabrication est simplifiée.Thus the positioning of the two parts is perfectly secure over the entire length of these parts and their manufacture is simplified.

De même, on ménage avantageusement des réservoirs de collage consistant en des rainures s'étendant le long de la majeure partie des pièces. Les zones de collage s'étendant sur toute la longueur du canon de focalisation, la surface de contact de la substance adhésive est maximisée et la qualité de l'adhésion est donc augmentée.Similarly, it advantageously cleans bonding tanks consisting of grooves extending along most of the parts. The bonding areas extending over the entire length of the focusing gun, the contact surface of the adhesive substance is maximized and the quality of adhesion is increased.

De plus, on ménage avantageusement un réservoir de collage dans chaque pièce.In addition, it advantageously provides a bonding tank in each room.

Par ailleurs, avantageusement selon l'invention, on procède au nettoyage des faces d'assemblage des pièces préalablement au dépôt d'une substance adhésive.Furthermore, advantageously according to the invention, the assembly faces of the parts are cleaned before the deposit of an adhesive substance.

De plus, l'étape de dépôt d'une substance adhésive est avantageusement précédée d'une étape d'amélioration de l'adhérence de chaque réservoir et chaque zone de collage, telle qu'étape d'érosion par une attaque par un laser, un acide ou du plasma ou étape de dépôt d'une couche de préparation, notamment à base de silane.In addition, the step of depositing an adhesive substance is advantageously preceded by a step of improving the adhesion of each reservoir and each bonding zone, such as erosion step by a laser attack, an acid or plasma or deposition step of a preparation layer, in particular based on silane.

Lors du montage, par ailleurs, on exerce avantageusement une pression sur les pièces suite à leur mise en contact.During assembly, moreover, it is advantageously a pressure on the parts following their contacting.

De plus, après montage, l'étape de collage des pièces par une substance adhésive est avantageusement suivie d'une étape d'usinage du canon de focalisation.In addition, after assembly, the step of bonding the parts with an adhesive substance is advantageously followed by a machining step of the focusing gun.

Par ailleurs, on utilise avantageusement une substance adhésive choisie parmi les époxy, les méthacrylates, les polyimides ou un mélange de ceux-ci. Concernant les matériaux utilisés, on utilise avantageusement des pièces en un matériau d'une dureté supérieure à 8 sur l'échelle de MOHS, tel que par exemple, de façon avantageuse du carbure de silicium.Furthermore, an adhesive substance advantageously chosen from epoxides, methacrylates, polyimides or a mixture thereof is advantageously used. As regards the materials used, parts of a material with a hardness greater than 8 on the MOHS scale are advantageously used, such as, for example, advantageously silicon carbide.

Fabriquer des canons de focalisation dans des matériaux d'une dureté supérieure à celle du carbure de tungstène, habituellement utilisé, permet d'élargir la gamme de produits travaillés avec les machines de découpe et/ou d'usinage par jet de liquide très haute pression. En effet, des matériaux d'une dureté supérieure à 8 sur l'échelle de MOHS pourront alors être découpés et des particules abrasives elles aussi d'une dureté élevée pourront être utilisées afin de faciliter ce travail sans risquer d'user prématurément le canon de focalisation.Manufacture focusing guns in materials with a hardness superior to that of tungsten carbide, usually used, allows to widen the range of products worked with the machines of cutting and / or machining by jet of very high pressure liquid . Indeed, materials with a hardness greater than 8 on the MOHS scale can then be cut and abrasive particles also of high hardness can be used to facilitate this work without the risk of prematurely wear the barrel of focusing.

L'invention s'étend à un canon de projection de liquide à très haute pression pour machine de projection de liquide à très haute pression, dit canon de focalisation, constitué de deux pièces comportant des faces d'assemblage par lesquelles elles sont accolées, dans lesquelles sont ménagées :

  • ■ pour chacune des deux pièces, une rainure centrale ménagée dans une zone médiane plane de la dite face d'assemblage et adaptée pour s'étendre entre les deux extrémités de cette dernière, de façon à former le conduit du canon de focalisation,
  • ■ pour au moins une des deux pièces et latéralement par rapport à la zone médiane plane de cette dernière, au moins un réservoir de collage destiné à être rempli d'une quantité de substance adhésive adaptée pour adhérer avec la portion de la face d'assemblage de l'autre pièce située en regard du dit réservoir.
The invention extends to a very high pressure liquid projection gun for a very high pressure liquid projection machine, said focusing gun, consisting of two parts comprising assembly faces by which they are contiguous, in which are provided:
  • ■ for each of the two parts, a central groove formed in a flat central zone of said assembly face and adapted to extend between the two ends of the latter, so as to form the conduit of the focusing gun,
  • For at least one of the two parts and laterally with respect to the plane central zone thereof, at least one bonding reservoir intended to be filled with a quantity of adhesive substance adapted to adhere with the portion of the assembly face; the other room located opposite said tank.

Selon l'invention, ce canon de focalisation comporte, en outre :

  • ◆ formée sur la face d'assemblage d'au moins une pièce, au moins une nervure, dite nervure de centrage, en saillie par rapport à la dite face d'assemblage
  • ◆ et, pour chaque nervure de centrage formée sur la face d'assemblage d'une pièce, et ménagée dans la face d'assemblage de l'autre pièce, une cavité, dite cavité de centrage, logeant étroitement la dite nervure de centrage.
According to the invention, this focusing gun further comprises:
  • ◆ formed on the assembly face of at least one piece, at least one rib, said centering rib, projecting from said assembly face
  • ◆ and, for each centering rib formed on the assembly face of a workpiece, and formed in the assembly face of the other workpiece, a cavity, said centering cavity, closely housing said centering rib.

L'invention s'étend également à un canon de focalisation comportant prises seules ou en combinaison, l'une quelconque des caractéristiques énoncées dans les revendications ou ia description de la présente demande.The invention also extends to a focusing gun comprising alone or in combination, any of the features set forth in the claims or the description of the present application.

D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée qui suit en référence aux dessins annexés qui en représentent à titre d'exemples non limitatifs deux modes de réalisation préférentiels. Sur ces dessins :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de dessus d'une pièce conforme à l'invention utilisée pour la fabrication d'un canon de focalisation conformément à l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe à échelle agrandie de cette pièce par un plan transversal A,
  • les figures 3 et 4 sont des coupes transversales par le plan transversal A représentant deux phases de fabrication du canon de focalisation selon l'invention,
  • et la figure 5 est une coupe partielle par le plan transversal A d'une variante de canon de focalisation selon l'invention en cours d'assemblage.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description which follows with reference to the accompanying drawings which show by way of non-limiting examples two preferred embodiments. On these drawings:
  • the figure 1 is a top view of a part according to the invention used for the manufacture of a focusing gun according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 is an enlarged section of this piece by a transverse plane A,
  • the Figures 3 and 4 are cross sections through the transverse plane A representing two phases of manufacture of the focusing gun according to the invention,
  • and the figure 5 is a partial section through the transverse plane A of a variant of the focusing gun according to the invention being assembled.

Le canon de focalisation représenté aux figures est destiné, de façon usuelle, à être monté sur une tête de découpe d'une machine de projection de liquide à très haute pression.The focusing gun shown in the figures is intended, in the usual way, to be mounted on a cutting head of a liquid projection machine at very high pressure.

Selon l'invention, ce canon de focalisation 1 est constitué de deux pièces longilignes 2, 2' comprenant des faces d'assemblage J par lesquelles elles sont destinées à être accolées pour former, à l'état assemblé, le dit canon de focalisation 1.According to the invention, this focusing gun 1 consists of two elongated pieces 2, 2 'comprising assembly faces J by which they are intended to be contiguous to form, in the assembled state, said focusing gun 1 .

Selon l'exemple représenté ces deux pièces 2, 2' sont identiques. Elles présentent, sur la majeure partie de leur longueur, une forme semi cylindrique délimitée par une face d'assemblage J s'étendant dans un plan diamétral (P), et se terminent par un tronçon d'extrémité distal 2a de forme semi tronconique.According to the example shown, these two parts 2, 2 'are identical. They have, over most of their length, a semi-cylindrical shape delimited by an assembly face J extending in a diametral plane (P), and terminate in a distal end section 2a of semi frustoconical shape.

Les dimensions de cette pièce 2 sont déterminées en fonction des dimensions du canon de focalisation 1 à réaliser. Ainsi, pour réaliser un canon de focalisation 1 long de 20mm à 150mm pour un diamètre extérieur de 5 à 20mm, on utilisera des pièces 2 d'une longueur de 20 à 150 mm pour une largeur de 5mm à 20mm soit un rayon de 2,5mm à 10mm pour une pièce 2 de forme demi cylindrique.The dimensions of this part 2 are determined according to the dimensions of the focusing gun 1 to be produced. Thus, to make a focusing gun 1 long from 20mm to 150mm for an outside diameter of 5 to 20mm, use parts 2 with a length of 20 to 150 mm for a width of 5mm to 20mm or a radius of 2, 5mm to 10mm for a piece 2 of half cylindrical shape.

Ces pièces 2 sont, en outre, constituées d'un matériau de dureté élevée, de préférence d'une dureté supérieure à 8 sur l'échelle de MOHS, en vue de permettre de travailler des matériaux d'une dureté supérieure aux matériaux habituellement travaillés avec des canons en carbure de tungstène. Ainsi, ces pièces 2 peuvent notamment être réalisées en carbure de silicium.These parts 2 are, in addition, made of a material of high hardness, preferably with a hardness greater than 8 on the MOHS scale, in order to make it possible to work with materials of a hardness superior to the materials usually worked. with tungsten carbide guns. Thus, these parts 2 may in particular be made of silicon carbide.

En premier lieu, chaque pièce 2 comporte, ménagée dans la face de jonction J, et centrée sur le plan de symétrie longitudinal (S) de la dite pièce, une rainure centrale 3 de section semi cylindrique adaptée pour former un conduit cylindrique 12 dans l'état assemblé de deux pièces 2.Firstly, each part 2 comprises, formed in the junction face J, and centered on the longitudinal plane of symmetry (S) of said piece, a central groove 3 of semi-cylindrical section adapted to form a cylindrical duct 12 in the assembled state of two pieces 2.

Cette rainure centrale 3 s'étend sur l'intégralité de la pièce 2 et comporte, au niveau de l'extrémité proximale de cette pièce, un tronçon évasé semi tronconique 3a d'introduction dans le conduit 12 du liquide sous pression.This central groove 3 extends over the entire part 2 and comprises, at the proximal end of this piece, a flared semi-conical section 3a for introduction into the conduit 12 of the liquid under pressure.

Il est à noter que les rainures centrales 3 peuvent être de formes autres que semi cylindriques, et former des conduits 12 de toutes sections, parallélépipédique... A titre d'exemple un conduit 12 de forme parallélépipédique peut être choisi pour des applications consistant à conférer un mouvement de balayage au jet de liquide.It should be noted that the central grooves 3 may be of shapes other than semi-cylindrical, and form ducts 12 of all sections, parallelepipedic ... By way of example, a duct 12 of parallelepipedal shape may be chosen for applications consisting of to give a sweeping motion to the jet of liquid.

Il est également à noter que l'on peut déposer à l'intérieur de la rainure centrale 3 un revêtement en un matériau différent du matériau constituant les pièces 2. Ce matériau additionnel est de préférence d'une dureté supérieure à celle des pièces 2 et peut par exemple consister en du diamant. Ce matériau peut, notamment, être rajouté par dépôt en phase vapeur.It should also be noted that it is possible to deposit inside the central groove 3 a coating made of a material different from the material constituting the pieces 2. This additional material is preferably of greater hardness than the pieces 2 and can for example consist of diamond. This material may, in particular, be added by vapor deposition.

Tel que représenté notamment à la figure 2, la face d'assemblage J de chaque pièce 2 présente une zone médiane plane 4, 5 divisée en deux demi zones 4, 5 s'étendant respectivement de part et d'autre de la rainure centrale 3. Cette zone médiane 4, 5 est, en outre coplanaire avec le plan diamétral (P), de façon que les zones médianes de deux pièces 2 assemblées soient au contact l'une de l'autre.As shown in particular in figure 2 , the assembly face J of each piece 2 has a plane central zone 4, 5 divided into two half-zones 4, 5 respectively extending on either side of the central groove 3. This central zone 4, 5 is , in addition coplanar with the diametral plane (P), so that the median areas of two pieces 2 assembled are in contact with each other.

De plus, le long d'un de ses bords longitudinaux, cette zone médiane 4, 5 est bordée par une nervure de centrage 6 de section parallélépipédique rectangle en saillie par rapport à la face d'assemblage J.In addition, along one of its longitudinal edges, this median zone 4, 5 is bordered by a centering rib 6 of rectangular parallelepipedal section protruding from the assembly face J.

L'autre bord longitudinal de cette zone médiane 4, 5 est quant lui bordé d'une rainure de centrage 7 de section conjuguée de celle de la nervure de centrage 6, la dite nervure de centrage et la dite rainure de centrage étant disposées symétriquement de part et d'autre du pian de symétrie (S) de façon que, tel que représenté aux figures 3 et 4, la nervure de centrage 6 de chaque pièce 2, 2' vienne se loger dans la rainure de centrage 7 de l'autre pièce 2', 2 lors de l'assemblage des dites pièces.The other longitudinal edge of this central zone 4, 5 is itself bordered by a centering groove 7 with a cross-section of that of the centering rib 6, the said centering rib and the said centering groove being arranged symmetrically with on both sides of the plane of symmetry (S) so that, as shown in Figures 3 and 4 , the centering rib 6 of each piece 2, 2 'comes to be housed in the centering groove 7 of the other piece 2', 2 during assembly of said pieces.

Par ailleurs, la face d'assemblage J de chaque pièce 2 forme, entre la rainure de centrage 7 et le bord longitudinal correspondant de la dite pièce, une zone latérale plane 8 s'étendant dans le plan diamétral (P) et donc coplanaire avec la zone médiane plane 4, 5.Furthermore, the assembly face J of each part 2 forms, between the centering groove 7 and the corresponding longitudinal edge of said part, a flat lateral zone 8 extending in the diametral plane (P) and thus coplanar with the median flat area 4, 5.

Cette face d'assemblage J comporte, en outre, accolée latéralement à la nervure de centrage 6 et séparée de la zone médiane 4, 5 par la dite nervure de centrage, une rainure longitudinale 9 destinée à former un réservoir pour une substance adhésive 11, et pour être obturée, dans la position assemblée de deux pièces 2, 2' et tel que représenté à la figure 4, par la zone latérale 8 de la pièce 2 en vis-à-vis.This assembly face J further comprises, laterally contiguous to the centering rib 6 and separated from the central zone 4, 5 by said centering rib, a longitudinal groove 9 intended to form a reservoir for an adhesive substance 11, and to be closed, in the assembled position of two pieces 2, 2 'and as shown in FIG. figure 4 , by the lateral zone 8 of the part 2 vis-à-vis.

Tel que représenté à la figure 1, chacune des rainures 7 et 9 et nervures 6 s'étendent longitudinalement à partir de l'extrémité distale de chaque pièce 2, sensiblement sur les trois quarts de la longueur de la dite pièce.As shown in figure 1 , each of the grooves 7 and 9 and ribs 6 extend longitudinally from the distal end of each piece 2, substantially over three quarters of the length of said piece.

La face d'assemblage J de chaque pièce 2 forme enfin, entre le réservoir 9 et le bord longitudinal correspondant de la dite pièce, une zone latérale plane 10 s'étendant sensiblement en retrait du plan diamétral (P), de façon que la zone latérale 10 d'une pièce 2 délimite une fente débouchant latéralement au niveau d'une des génératrices du canon de focalisation 1, avec la face latérale 8 en vis-à-vis de la seconde pièce 2' formant le dit canon de focalisation.The assembly face J of each part 2 finally forms, between the reservoir 9 and the corresponding longitudinal edge of said part, a flat lateral zone 10 extending substantially back from the diametral plane (P), so that the zone lateral 10 of a part 2 delimits a slot opening laterally at one of the generatrices of the focusing gun 1, with the lateral face 8 vis-à-vis the second part 2 'forming said said focusing gun.

Cette fente 8-10 forme ainsi un conduit d'évacuation de l'éventuel excès de substance adhésive et de répartition de cet excès entre les faces d'assemblage J de deux pièces 2, 2' assemblées, permettant d'augmenter ainsi la surface encollée de ces faces d'assemblage.This slot 8-10 thus forms a duct for evacuating the possible excess of adhesive substance and distributing this excess between the faces. assembly J two pieces 2, 2 'assembled, thereby increasing the bonded surface of these assembly faces.

La figure 5 représente une variante de réalisation selon laquelle la zone latérale plane bordant le réservoir 9 consiste en une face plane 25 délimitant un angle obtus de l'ordre de 120 degrés avec le plan diamétral (P).The figure 5 represents an alternative embodiment according to which the plane lateral zone bordering the reservoir 9 consists of a plane face delimiting an obtuse angle of the order of 120 degrees with the diametral plane (P).

De façon identique, la zone latérale 8 bordant la rainure de centrage 7 forme un dièdre d'un angle au sommet de l'ordre de 120 degrés dont un des deux demis plans 23 est adapté pour s'étendre parallèlement à la face plane 25, et pour délimiter avec cette dernière un volume de rétention de l'excès de substance adhésive, obturé, au niveau de la périphérie du canon de focalisation 1, par une bordure longitudinale 24 en saillie par rapport au dit demi plan 23.Similarly, the lateral zone 8 bordering the centering groove 7 forms a dihedron with an apex angle of the order of 120 degrees, one of the two half-planes 23 of which is adapted to extend parallel to the plane face 25, and to delimit with the latter a volume of retention of the excess of adhesive substance, closed at the periphery of the focusing gun 1, by a longitudinal edge 24 projecting from said half-plane 23.

Selon cette variante de réalisation la quantité de substance adhésive remplissant le volume de rétention est amené à travailler en cisaillement et non en traction, de sorte qu'il augmente le pouvoir d'adhésion de la dite substance adhésive.According to this embodiment, the amount of adhesive substance filling the retention volume is made to work in shear and not in tension, so that it increases the adhesion strength of said adhesive substance.

Les étapes de fabrication d'un canon de focalisation 1 au moyen de deux pièces identiques 2 représentées aux figures 1 et 2, est décrit ci-dessous notamment en référence aux figures 3 et 4.The manufacturing steps of a focusing gun 1 by means of two identical pieces 2 represented in FIGS. Figures 1 and 2 , is described below in particular with reference to Figures 3 and 4 .

En premier lieu, suite à la réalisation des pièces 2, 2' et préalablement au remplissage des réservoirs 9 au moyen de substance adhésive 11, une étape préliminaire consiste à procéder au nettoyage des faces d'assemblage J des deux pièces. On élimine ainsi les résidus qui auraient pu être générés par la fabrication de ces dernières.First, following the production of the parts 2, 2 'and prior to the filling of the tanks 9 by means of adhesive substance 11, a preliminary step consists in cleaning the assembly faces J of the two parts. This removes the residues that could have been generated by the manufacture of the latter.

Il est à noter, en outre, que ce nettoyage est essentiel au niveau des réservoirs 9 et des zones latérales planes 8 d'obturation des dits réservoirs. En effet, ce nettoyage évite que des résidus présents sur ces surfaces ne viennent diminuer l'adhérence de la substance adhésive 11.It should be noted, moreover, that this cleaning is essential at the level of the reservoirs 9 and the flat lateral areas 8 of shutter of said reservoirs. Indeed, this cleaning prevents residues present on these surfaces from decreasing the adhesion of the adhesive substance 11.

Le nettoyage peut, par exemple, comprendre une première étape de dégraissage des pièces 2 suivi d'un décapage avec un acide, et d'un dernier nettoyage avec un solvant pour éliminer les résidus générés par l'attaque acide.The cleaning may, for example, include a first step of degreasing the pieces 2 followed by etching with an acid, and a final cleaning with a solvent to remove the residues generated by the acid attack.

En outre, préalablement au remplissage des réservoirs 9 au moyen de la substance adhésive 11, une seconde opération consiste à améliorer l'adhérence des surfaces de collage, à savoir parois des réservoirs 9, zones latérales 8 et zones latérales 10.In addition, prior to the filling of the tanks 9 by means of the adhesive substance 11, a second operation is to improve the adherence of the bonding surfaces, namely the walls of the reservoirs 9, lateral zones 8 and lateral zones 10.

Cette amélioration de l'adhérence peut se faire par érosion des dites surfaces de collage, par exemple par une attaque au moyen d'un laser, d'un acide ou de plasma. L'amélioration de l'adhérence peut également se faire par dépôt d'une couche de préparation par exemple à base de silane.This improvement in adhesion can be achieved by erosion of said bonding surfaces, for example by etching by means of a laser, an acid or plasma. The improvement of the adhesion can also be done by depositing a preparation layer for example based on silane.

L'opération suivante consiste à remplir chaque réservoir au moyen d'une substance adhésive 11. Ce dépôt peut notamment se faire par sérigraphie, par dépôt d'un film adhésif, par dépôt d'un cordon ou par tout autre type de dépôt de substance adhésive 11 connu.The following operation consists in filling each reservoir by means of an adhesive substance 11. This deposit can in particular be made by screen printing, by deposition of an adhesive film, by deposition of a bead or by any other type of substance deposit. adhesive 11 known.

En outre, la substance adhésive 11 peut être un époxy, des méthacrylates, des polyimides ou un mélange de ces composants. De façon préférentielle, la substance utilisée consiste ainsi en un film d'époxy ou de bismaleïde.In addition, the adhesive substance 11 may be an epoxy, methacrylates, polyimides or a mixture of these components. Preferably, the substance used thus consists of an epoxy or bismale film.

Comme représenté sur les figures 3 et 4, les faces de jonction J des deux pièces 2 et 2' sont ensuite positionnées en regard, et les deux pièces 2, 2' sont rapprochées jusqu'à amener les nervures de centrage 6 à pénétrer dans les rainures de centrage 7, position à partir de laquelle les deux pièces 2, 2' sont ensuite parfaitement guidées et ne peuvent aucunement subir un quelconque déplacement relatif transversal susceptible d'altérer leur centrage.As shown on Figures 3 and 4 , the junction faces J of the two parts 2 and 2 'are then positioned opposite, and the two parts 2, 2' are brought together until the centering ribs 6 to enter the centering grooves 7, position from of which the two parts 2, 2 'are then perfectly guided and can in no way undergo any transverse relative displacement may alter their centering.

Ce rapprochement relatif est ensuite poursuivi jusqu'à amener les zones des faces d'assemblage J situées dans le plan diamétral (P) respectivement soit au contact les unes des autres, soit dans leur position d'obturation des réservoirs 9.This relative approximation is then continued until bringing the areas of the assembly faces J located in the diametral plane (P) respectively in contact with each other, or in their closed position of the reservoirs 9.

De plus, lors du contact de la substance adhésive avec les faces planes 8 en regard des réservoirs 9, l'éventuel fluage de cette substance s'opère obligatoirement en direction de la fente 8-10, en raison de la présence de la barrière de protection que constitue, selon la direction opposée, la nervure de centrage 6. Ainsi, ce fluage non seulement n'affecte pas la propreté des zones médianes 4, 5, mais en plus conduit à augmenter les surfaces de collage.In addition, when the adhesive substance is in contact with the flat faces 8 opposite the reservoirs 9, the possible creep of this substance necessarily occurs in the direction of the slot 8-10, due to the presence of the barrier of protection that constitutes, in the opposite direction, the centering rib 6. Thus, this creep not only does not affect the cleanliness of the median areas 4, 5, but also leads to increase the bonding surfaces.

En fin d'assemblage, le contact obtenu entre les deux pièces 2, 2', notamment au niveau des zones médianes 4, 5, consiste ainsi en un contact direct, sans jeu significatif, de sorte que les dimensions du conduit 12 du canon de focalisation 1 sont uniquement fonction des dimensions des rainures centrales 3.At the end of assembly, the contact obtained between the two parts 2, 2 ', especially at the level of the median areas 4, 5, thus consists of a direct contact, without significant play, so that the dimensions of the duct 12 of the focusing gun 1 are only a function of the dimensions of the central grooves 3.

L'opération suivante consiste à exercer une pression sur les pièces 2, 2' ainsi mises en contact, et à maintenir cette pression pendant le temps nécessaire à la bonne fixation des pièces par la substance adhésive 11.The following operation consists in exerting pressure on the parts 2, 2 'thus brought into contact, and in maintaining this pressure for the time necessary for the good fixing of the parts by the adhesive substance 11.

Ce temps est notamment fonction de la nature de la substance adhésive, de la température et de l'humidité. Il est déterminé en fonction des instructions fournies par le fabricant de la substance adhésive 11.This time depends in particular on the nature of the adhesive substance, the temperature and the humidity. It is determined according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the adhesive substance 11.

Une fois solidarisées au moyen de ia substance adhésive 11, les pièces 2, 2' forment un canon de focalisation 1 prêt à l'usage.Once secured by means of the adhesive substance 11, the parts 2, 2 'form a focusing gun 1 ready for use.

Toutefois, l'étape de collage peut être suivie d'une étape d'usinage ou de rectification de l'extérieur du canon de focalisation 1 afin de modifier la forme de ce dernier, d'en modifier son diamètre extérieur ou d'éliminer les résidus générés par le collage.However, the bonding step may be followed by a step of machining or grinding the outside of the focusing gun 1 in order to modify the shape of the latter, to modify its outside diameter or to eliminate the residues generated by the collage.

Claims (17)

  1. A method for manufacturing a gun (1), referred to as a focusing gun, for spraying a liquid at a very high pressure, for a machine for spraying liquid at a very high pressure, according to which
    ◆ two pieces (2, 2') are produced, comprising assembly faces (J) by which they are intended to be joined in order, in the assembled state, to form the focusing gun (1), and the following are formed:
    ■ in the assembly face (J) of each of the two pieces (2, 2'), a central groove (3) formed in a planar median region (4, 5) of said assembly face and adapted to extend between the two ends thereof, said central grooves being adapted to form the duct (12) of the focusing gun (1) in the assembled position of the two pieces (2, 2'),
    ■ in the assembly face (J) of at least one of the two pieces (2, 2'), laterally with respect to the planar median region (4, 5) thereof, at least one bonding reservoir (9) intended to be filled with a quantity of adhesive substance (11) adapted to adhere to the portion of the assembly face (J) of the other piece (2', 2) lying opposite said reservoir, in the assembled position of the two pieces,
    ◆ each bonding reservoir (9) is filled with adhesive substance (11), and the two pieces (2, 2') are placed in contact so that they are joined by their assembly face (J) and connected by means of the adhesive substance (11),
    said method being characterized in that:
    ◆ on the assembly face (J) of at least one piece (2, 2'), at least one rib (6) referred to as a centering rib is formed, which projects from said assembly face,
    ◆ and, for each centering rib (6) formed on the assembly face (J) of one piece (2, 2'), a cavity (7) referred to as a centering cavity is formed in the assembly face (J) of the other piece (2', 2), this cavity having dimensions adapted to tightly receive said centering rib in the assembled position of the two pieces, in which the central grooves (3) form the duct (12) of the focusing gun (1).
  2. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a centering rib (6) is associated with each bonding reservoir (9) formed in the assembly face (J) of a piece (2, 2'), this rib having a length at least equal to that of said bonding reservoir and being interposed between the latter and the central groove (3) formed in said assembly face.
  3. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a space (10) referred to as an overflow space is associated with each bonding reservoir (9) formed in the assembly face (J) of a piece (2, 2'), such that it communicates with said reservoir with a view to receiving the possible excess of adhesive substance (11) during assembly of the two pieces, each of said overflow spaces being formed laterally on the other side of the associated bonding reservoir (9) from the planar median region (4, 5).
  4. The method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the assembly faces (J) of the two pieces (2, 2') are formed so that each overflow space consists of a slot (10) extending from the periphery of the focusing gun (1), in the assembled position of the two pieces, and formed between said assembly faces opposite each bonding reservoir (9).
  5. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that for each bonding reservoir (9) formed in one piece (2, 2'), the other piece has an assembly face (J) comprising a planar region (8) referred to as a bonding region, coplanar with the planar median region (4, 5) and adapted to extend in front of the associated bonding reservoir (9) and to close the latter.
  6. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a focusing gun (1) is produced from two identical pieces (2, 2'), each comprising at least one centering assembly consisting of a centering rib (6) and a centering cavity (7) which are arranged symmetrically on either side of the central groove (3).
  7. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that centering ribs (6) are formed and centering cavities (7) are formed, which extend over the majority of the pieces (2, 2').
  8. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that bonding reservoirs (9) are formed, consisting of grooves extending over the majority of the pieces (2, 2').
  9. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a bonding reservoir (9) is formed in each piece (2, 2').
  10. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the assembly faces (J) of the pieces (2, 2') are cleaned before an adhesive substance (11) is deposited.
  11. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the step of depositing an adhesive substance (11) is preceded by a step of improving the adhesion of each bonding reservoir (9) and each bonding region (8), such as a step of erosion by attack by a laser, an acid or plasma or a step of depositing a preparation layer, in particular based on silane.
  12. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a pressure is exerted on the pieces (2, 2') after they have been brought into contact.
  13. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the step of bonding the pieces (2, 2') by an adhesive substance is followed by a step of machining the focusing gun (1).
  14. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that an adhesive substance selected from epoxies, methacrylates, polyimides or a mixture thereof is used.
  15. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that pieces (2, 2') made of a material with a hardness of more than 8 on the Mohs scale are used.
  16. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that pieces (2, 2') made of silicon carbide are used.
  17. A gun for spraying liquid at a very high pressure, for a machine for spraying liquid at a very high pressure, referred to as a focusing gun, consisting of two pieces (2, 2') comprising assembly faces (J) by which they are joined, and in which the following are formed:
    ■ for each of the two pieces (2, 2'), a central groove (3) formed in a planar median region (4, 5) of said assembly face and adapted to extend between the two ends thereof, so as to form the duct (12) of the focusing gun,
    ■ for at least one of the two pieces and laterally with respect to the planar median region (4, 5) thereof, at least one bonding reservoir (9) filled with a quantity of adhesive substance (11) adapted to adhere to the portion of the assembly face of the other piece lying opposite said reservoir,
    said focusing gun being characterized in that it comprises:
    ◆ formed on the assembly face (J) of at least one piece (2, 2'), at least one rib (6), referred to as a centering rib, which projects from said assembly face,
    ◆ and, for each centering rib (6) formed on the assembly face (J) of one piece and arranged in the assembly face (J) of the other piece, a cavity (7), referred to as a centering cavity, tightly receiving said centering rib.
EP10705109.6A 2009-02-17 2010-02-17 Very high-pressure liquid-spraying gun for a very high-pressure liquid-spraying machine, and method for manufacturing same Not-in-force EP2398624B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0900720A FR2942159B1 (en) 2009-02-17 2009-02-17 HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID PROJECTION GUN FOR VERY HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID PROJECTION MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
PCT/EP2010/000984 WO2010094462A1 (en) 2009-02-17 2010-02-17 Very high-pressure liquid-spraying gun for a very high-pressure liquid-spraying machine, and method for manufacturing same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2398624A1 EP2398624A1 (en) 2011-12-28
EP2398624B1 true EP2398624B1 (en) 2014-04-09

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EP10705109.6A Not-in-force EP2398624B1 (en) 2009-02-17 2010-02-17 Very high-pressure liquid-spraying gun for a very high-pressure liquid-spraying machine, and method for manufacturing same

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US (1) US8777697B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2398624B1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI1008526A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2752703A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2474419T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2942159B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2011008342A (en)
TN (1) TN2011000340A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010094462A1 (en)

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FR2876919B1 (en) * 2004-10-26 2007-07-27 Millipore Corp HOLDING NEEDLE HAVING GAME OF GRIPPING.
US8821213B2 (en) * 2010-10-07 2014-09-02 Omax Corporation Piercing and/or cutting devices for abrasive waterjet systems and associated systems and methods
JP2013215854A (en) * 2012-04-10 2013-10-24 Sugino Machine Ltd Abrasive water jet nozzle, and abrasive water jet machine
US9586306B2 (en) 2012-08-13 2017-03-07 Omax Corporation Method and apparatus for monitoring particle laden pneumatic abrasive flow in an abrasive fluid jet cutting system
US8904912B2 (en) 2012-08-16 2014-12-09 Omax Corporation Control valves for waterjet systems and related devices, systems, and methods
US11577366B2 (en) 2016-12-12 2023-02-14 Omax Corporation Recirculation of wet abrasive material in abrasive waterjet systems and related technology
US11554461B1 (en) 2018-02-13 2023-01-17 Omax Corporation Articulating apparatus of a waterjet system and related technology
US11224987B1 (en) 2018-03-09 2022-01-18 Omax Corporation Abrasive-collecting container of a waterjet system and related technology
CN115698507A (en) 2020-03-30 2023-02-03 海别得公司 Cylinder for liquid injection pump with multifunctional interface longitudinal end

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US2332407A (en) * 1941-01-08 1943-10-19 Spenle Charles Davies Nozzle used for sandblasting purposes
US5144766A (en) * 1989-11-03 1992-09-08 Flow International Corporation Liquid abrasive cutting jet cartridge and method
US5283990A (en) * 1992-11-20 1994-02-08 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Blast nozzle with inlet flow straightener
US5265383A (en) * 1992-11-20 1993-11-30 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Fan nozzle
US5785582A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-07-28 Flow International Corporation Split abrasive fluid jet mixing tube and system
DE19640920C1 (en) * 1996-10-04 1998-01-22 Saechsische Werkzeug Und Sonde Focussing nozzle for cutting by abrasive water-jet
DE29702397U1 (en) * 1997-02-12 1997-06-05 Hirschbeck Gmbh W Split mixing tube for water jet cutting systems
US6293857B1 (en) * 1999-04-06 2001-09-25 Robert Pauli Blast nozzle
US6425805B1 (en) * 1999-05-21 2002-07-30 Kennametal Pc Inc. Superhard material article of manufacture

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FR2942159A1 (en) 2010-08-20
MX2011008342A (en) 2011-09-01
CA2752703A1 (en) 2010-08-26
WO2010094462A1 (en) 2010-08-26
US20110269382A1 (en) 2011-11-03
ES2474419T3 (en) 2014-07-09
EP2398624A1 (en) 2011-12-28
FR2942159B1 (en) 2011-03-25
BRPI1008526A2 (en) 2016-03-08
TN2011000340A1 (en) 2013-03-27
US8777697B2 (en) 2014-07-15

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