EP2392813A1 - Cylinder head, core for manufacturing such a cylinder head, method for manufacturing said cylinder head and vehicle - Google Patents

Cylinder head, core for manufacturing such a cylinder head, method for manufacturing said cylinder head and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2392813A1
EP2392813A1 EP11167499A EP11167499A EP2392813A1 EP 2392813 A1 EP2392813 A1 EP 2392813A1 EP 11167499 A EP11167499 A EP 11167499A EP 11167499 A EP11167499 A EP 11167499A EP 2392813 A1 EP2392813 A1 EP 2392813A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
core
cooling circuit
groove
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11167499A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nicolas Williame
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP2392813A1 publication Critical patent/EP2392813A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0009—Cylinders, pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F01P11/0285—Venting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/243—Cylinder heads and inlet or exhaust manifolds integrally cast together

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention also relates to a core for the manufacture of this cylinder head by molding.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing this cylinder head by molding from this core and a vehicle equipped with this cylinder head.
  • Cooling circuit means a network of pipes and / or communicating chambers capable of driving a coolant liquid within it.
  • this cooling circuit is disposed between inner and outer walls of the cylinder head.
  • heat transfer liquid is meant a liquid capable of transporting heat.
  • a mixture of water and ethylene glycol is a heat transfer liquid.
  • gas bubbles it is common for gas bubbles to be trapped in the cooling circuit. For example, these gas bubbles are dissolved in the coolant and released into the cooling circuit after boiling the liquid when it is heated to high temperature. These gas bubbles back to the top of the pipes and / or chambers of the cooling circuit, explode and thus exert a mechanical stress on the walls of the pipes or chambers. These bubbles can create holes in the walls of the cylinder head. As a result of coolant leaks may appear. In this case, the cooling of the cylinder head is inevitably less efficient and causes risks of overheating of the cylinder head. In case of overheating the risk of destruction of the engine exists.
  • the cylinder heads of the state of the art do not have a device for evacuating gases collected in this room.
  • the invention aims to solve one or more of these disadvantages.
  • the invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine in which the cooling circuit comprises a degassing groove fluidly connecting a top of the cooling chamber to the cavity, the groove being inclined so that the gases move from this vertex to the exit cavity.
  • the embodiments of this cylinder head has the advantage of limiting the blocking of the gas bubbles inside the degassing groove.
  • the invention also relates to a core for the manufacture of a cylinder head, this core comprising a rib for producing the degassing groove.
  • the invention finally relates to a vehicle equipped with a cylinder head described above.
  • the figure 1 represents a vehicle 2.
  • the vehicle 2 is a motor vehicle such as a car.
  • This vehicle 2 is equipped with a combustion engine 4 with internal combustion.
  • This engine 4 is equipped with a shaft 6 which rotates drive wheels 8 and 10 of the vehicle 2.
  • the engine 4 comprises a cylinder block 12 comprising cylinders 14, 16, 18 and 20 adapted to receive pistons mounted in translation.
  • the engine 4 also comprises a cylinder head 22 disposed on the cylinder block 12.
  • This cylinder head 22 is able to close the cylinders 14, 16, 18 and 20 to form combustion chambers of the engine 4.
  • the cylinder head 22 is made of aluminum .
  • a cylinder head gasket 24 suitable for sealing the combustion chambers is disposed between the cylinder head 22 and the cylinder block 12.
  • the cylinder block 12, the cylinder head gasket 24 and the cylinder head 22 are attached to each other. other by means of screws or studs 26 and 28. In the example, the screws or studs 26 and 28 pass successively through the cylinder head 22, the seal 24 and the cylinder block 12 via bores 29 and 32.
  • the bolt 12 will now be presented in more detail with reference to the figure 2 .
  • the cylinder head 22 comprises an exhaust manifold 38 adapted to collect the exhaust gas at the outlet of the cylinders 14, 16, 18 and 20 of the engine 4 and to expel these gases out of the engine 4.
  • This cylinder head 22 also includes a cooling circuit 40 adapted to cool the cylinder head 22. To simplify the figure 2 only part of the cooling circuit 40 is shown.
  • the circuit 40 comprises an inlet pipe 42 through which a coolant liquid is introduced into the circuit 40.
  • the inlet pipe 42 is connected to a cylinder block.
  • the circuit 40 also comprises a heat transfer liquid outlet cavity 44 capable of collecting the coolant circulating in the circuit 40.
  • This cavity 44 also comprises an outlet pipe 48 through which the coolant liquid is discharged out of the cylinder head 22 to be cooled.
  • the tubing 48 opens into the cavity 44 through an orifice.
  • the tubing 48 belongs to a water outlet housing fixed to the cylinder head 22.
  • this water outlet housing is connected to a radiator via a not shown tubing. This radiator is able to cool the coolant.
  • the circuit 40 also comprises a cooling chamber 52 adapted to cool the collector 38.
  • This chamber 52 is disposed between the outer and inner walls of the collector 38.
  • the chamber 52 is shaped so that when the cylinder head is in the operating position , the gases dissolved in the coolant or formed by boiling of the coolant are guided to an apex 54 of the chamber 52.
  • the chamber 52 has a concave shape.
  • the top 54 of the chamber 52 is connected to the cavity 44 via a groove 56.
  • This groove 56 is able to evacuate and guide the gases from the top 54 of the chamber 52 to the cavity 44.
  • This groove 56 is inclined so that in the operating position of the cylinder head 22, the gases are guided towards the top 54 and then are removed from the chamber 52 to the cavity 44 via this groove 56.
  • the groove 56 does not present breaks in its shape to not cause blocking of the air bubbles within this groove 56.
  • the groove 56 is shaped so that in the operating position of the cylinder head groove 56 is strictly increasing. Still preferentially, the top of the groove 56 is rounded.
  • core means an element disposed within a mold during a manufacturing process of a part by molding so as to define a recessed area of the workpiece.
  • cores can be used for producing combustion chambers, ducts intake, exhaust duct or, as here, a cooling system of a cylinder head.
  • water core denotes a “core” for producing the cooling circuit 40.
  • the core 400 is sand.
  • the core 400 comprises a prism 440 for producing the heat transfer fluid outlet cavity 44.
  • This prism 440 comprises a first cylinder (not shown) for the embodiment of the outlet pipe 48 of the circuit 40.
  • the first cylinder extends cantilevered prism 440 to the outside of the core.
  • the core 400 also comprises a second cylinder (not shown) for producing the inlet pipe 42 of the circuit 40.
  • the second cylinder also extends cantilevered from the core 400 towards the outside of the core.
  • the rib 560 extends from an apex 540 of the volume 520 to the prism 440.
  • the height of the end of the rib 560 in contact with the volume 520 is less than the height. the end of the rib 560 in contact with the prism 440.
  • a core box is manufactured for producing the water core 400.
  • a groove 56 is made in the core box so that the water core 400 has the rib 560.
  • the core box comprises two half boxes on which is imprinted the imprint of the water core 400.
  • the assembly of the two half-boxes forms a recessed area whose shape is that of the core of water 400.
  • the core box is made of cast iron.
  • the water core 400 is made.
  • sand is introduced by blowing or firing into the core box.
  • the sand is then compressed and agglomerated with a binder.
  • a step 84 the water core is removed from the core box. This is then placed in a mold. In order to facilitate its positioning, the core ranges can be used. Other cores for other recessed areas may also be arranged within this mold. For example, in addition to the water core used for the realization of the circuit cooling, cores for producing combustion chambers, intake ducts, exhaust ducts may be arranged.
  • a step 86 the mold is closed and casting is carried out by means of a casting funnel provided for this purpose.
  • a casting funnel provided for this purpose.
  • liquid aluminum is melted and poured into the mold.
  • the cylinder head 22 is demolded.
  • the cores are removed by expelling the sand out of the breech.
  • the yoke is disposed on a vibrating system whose vibrations allow to dislodge the sand recessed areas of the cylinder head.
  • the yoke 22 may be made of other material than aluminum.
  • the groove 56 is not limited to the case where it is a degassing groove 56. It is conceivable to replace the groove with tubing or other hollow structure.
  • the groove 56 is not necessarily strictly increasing when the yoke 22 is in its operating position.
  • the groove 56 can also extend horizontally.
  • the core 400 may be made of other materials than sand.
  • the cylinder head can be directly integrated with the cylinder block.
  • the head gasket 24 may be omitted.
  • the water outlet housing can be integrated with the cylinder head.

Abstract

The cylinder head comprises an exhaust manifold (22), and a cooling circuit (40) fitted to inner side of the cylinder head by liquid coolant. The cooling circuit comprises a concave cooling chamber (52) laid between walls of the exhaust manifold to collect gas trapped in the cooling circuit, an outlet cavity (44) to collect the coolant flowing in the cooling circuit, a degazing groove connecting tip of the chamber for cooling at the cavity. The groove is inclined and shaped so that gas moves from the tip towards the cavity of the outlet. The cylinder head comprises an exhaust manifold (22), and a cooling circuit (40) fitted to inner side of the cylinder head by liquid coolant. The cooling circuit comprises a concave cooling chamber (52) laid between walls of the exhaust manifold to collect gas trapped in the cooling circuit, an outlet cavity (44) to collect the coolant flowing in the cooling circuit, a degazing groove connecting tip of the chamber for cooling at the cavity. The groove is inclined and shaped so that gas move from the tip towards the cavity of the outlet, and increases or extends horizontally in the operating position of the cylinder head. Independent claims are included for: (1) a core for manufacturing a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine; and (2) a process for manufacturing the cylinder head by molding.

Description

L'invention concerne une culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne. L'invention concerne également un noyau pour la fabrication de cette culasse par moulage. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication de cette culasse par moulage à partir de ce noyau et un véhicule équipé de cette culasse.The invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine. The invention also relates to a core for the manufacture of this cylinder head by molding. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing this cylinder head by molding from this core and a vehicle equipped with this cylinder head.

Des culasses connues du déposant comportent:

  • un collecteur d'échappement,
  • un circuit de refroidissement aménagé à l'intérieur de la culasse par liquide caloporteur, ce circuit comprenant :
    • une chambre concave de refroidissement disposée entre des parois du collecteur d'échappement apte à recueillir des gaz piégés dans le circuit de refroidissement, et
    • une cavité de sortie de liquide caloporteur apte à collecter le liquide caloporteur circulant dans ce circuit de refroidissement.
Cylinders known to the applicant include:
  • an exhaust manifold,
  • a cooling circuit arranged inside the cylinder head by heat transfer liquid, this circuit comprising:
    • a concave cooling chamber disposed between walls of the exhaust manifold adapted to collect trapped gases in the cooling circuit, and
    • a heat transfer liquid outlet cavity capable of collecting the coolant circulating in this cooling circuit.

Par circuit de refroidissement on désigne un réseau de tubulures et/ou de chambres communicantes aptes à conduire un liquide caloporteur en son sein. Par exemple, ce circuit de refroidissement est disposé entre des parois internes et externes de la culasse. Par liquide caloporteur on désigne un liquide apte à transporter la chaleur. Par exemple, un mélange d'eau et d'éthylène glycol est un liquide caloporteur.Cooling circuit means a network of pipes and / or communicating chambers capable of driving a coolant liquid within it. For example, this cooling circuit is disposed between inner and outer walls of the cylinder head. By heat transfer liquid is meant a liquid capable of transporting heat. For example, a mixture of water and ethylene glycol is a heat transfer liquid.

Il est connu d'intégrer un collecteur d'échappement sur une culasse d'un moteur à combustion interne. Le collecteur d'échappement a pour fonction de collecter les gaz d'échappement produits par différents cylindres du moteur pour ensuite les conduire hors du moteur. Lors de leur compression dans les cylindres du moteur, les gaz d'échappement sont portés à haute température. En conséquence, lorsqu'ils passent par le collecteur d'échappement ces gaz d'échappement tendent à augmenter la température du collecteur d'échappement. Une augmentation de la température du collecteur d'échappement génère des contraintes mécaniques à l'intérieur de la culasse. Des contraintes mécaniques trop importantes exercées sur la culasse sont néfastes pour celle-ci. En effet, ces contraintes peuvent entraîner la rupture mécanique de la culasse. Aussi, le circuit de refroidissement de la culasse permet de limiter ces contraintes mécaniques. Le liquide caloporteur conduit dans le circuit de refroidissement transporte la chaleur de la culasse vers une source thermique plus froide disposée à l'extérieur du moteur (un radiateur refroidissant par exemple) avant que le liquide caloporteur ne soit éventuellement réintroduit dans la culasse.It is known to integrate an exhaust manifold on a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. The purpose of the exhaust manifold is to collect the exhaust gases produced by different engine cylinders and then drive them out of the engine. When they are compressed in the engine cylinders, the exhaust gases are heated to high temperature. As a result, as they pass through the exhaust manifold these exhaust gases tend to increase the temperature of the exhaust manifold. An increase in the temperature of the exhaust manifold generates mechanical stresses inside the cylinder head. Too great mechanical stresses on the cylinder head are harmful to it. Indeed, these constraints can cause mechanical failure of the cylinder head. Also, the cooling circuit of the cylinder head limits these mechanical stresses. The heat transfer liquid in the cooling circuit carries the heat of the cylinder head to a cooler heat source disposed outside the engine (a cooling radiator for example) before the coolant is eventually reintroduced into the cylinder head.

Il est courant que des bulles de gaz soient piégées dans le circuit de refroidissement. Par exemple, ces bulles de gaz sont dissoutes dans le liquide caloporteur et libérées dans le circuit de refroidissement suite à l'ébullition du liquide lorsque celui-ci est porté à haute température. Ces bulles de gaz remontent vers le sommet des tubulures et/ou chambres du circuit de refroidissement, explosent et exercent ainsi une contrainte mécanique sur les parois des tubulures ou chambres. Ces bulles peuvent créer des trous dans les parois de la culasse. En conséquence des fuites de liquide caloporteur peuvent apparaître. Dans ce cas, le refroidissement de la culasse est inéluctablement moins performant et provoque des risques de surchauffe de la culasse. En cas de surchauffe des risques de destruction du moteur existent.It is common for gas bubbles to be trapped in the cooling circuit. For example, these gas bubbles are dissolved in the coolant and released into the cooling circuit after boiling the liquid when it is heated to high temperature. These gas bubbles back to the top of the pipes and / or chambers of the cooling circuit, explode and thus exert a mechanical stress on the walls of the pipes or chambers. These bubbles can create holes in the walls of the cylinder head. As a result of coolant leaks may appear. In this case, the cooling of the cylinder head is inevitably less efficient and causes risks of overheating of the cylinder head. In case of overheating the risk of destruction of the engine exists.

Les culasses de l'état de l'art ne possèdent pas de dispositif permettant d'évacuer des gaz recueillis dans cette chambre.The cylinder heads of the state of the art do not have a device for evacuating gases collected in this room.

L'invention vise à résoudre un ou plusieurs de ces inconvénients.The invention aims to solve one or more of these disadvantages.

L'invention concerne une culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne dans laquelle le circuit de refroidissement comprend une rainure de dégazage reliant fluidiquement un sommet de la chambre de refroidissement à la cavité, cette rainure étant inclinée de manière à ce que les gaz se déplacent de ce sommet vers la cavité de sortie.The invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine in which the cooling circuit comprises a degassing groove fluidly connecting a top of the cooling chamber to the cavity, the groove being inclined so that the gases move from this vertex to the exit cavity.

L'ajout d'une rainure de dégazage reliant le sommet de la chambre de refroidissement à la cavité de sortie permet de limiter l'accumulation des gaz dans le circuit de refroidissement.The addition of a degassing groove connecting the top of the cooling chamber to the outlet cavity limits the accumulation of gases in the cooling circuit.

Les modes de réalisation de cette culasse peuvent comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • la rainure de dégazage est conformée de manière à ce que dans la position de fonctionnement de la culasse la rainure de dégazage est strictement croissante, et
  • la rainure de dégazage est conformée de manière à ce que dans la position de fonctionnement de la culasse la rainure de dégazage s'étend horizontalement.
Embodiments of this cylinder head may include one or more of the following features:
  • the degassing groove is shaped so that in the operating position of the cylinder head the degassing groove is strictly increasing, and
  • the degassing groove is shaped so that in the operating position of the cylinder head the degassing groove extends horizontally.

Les modes de réalisation de cette culasse comporte l'avantage de limiter le blocage des bulles de gaz à l'intérieur de la rainure de dégazage.The embodiments of this cylinder head has the advantage of limiting the blocking of the gas bubbles inside the degassing groove.

L'invention concerne également un noyau pour la fabrication d'une culasse, ce noyau comprenant une nervure pour la réalisation de la rainure de dégazage.The invention also relates to a core for the manufacture of a cylinder head, this core comprising a rib for producing the degassing groove.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'une culasse par moulage, ce procédé comprenant :

  • la réalisation d'un noyau pour la culasse conforme à l'une des culasses décrites plus haut,
  • la disposition de ce noyau dans un moule, et
  • la coulée d'un matériau de moulage dans ce moule pour réaliser la culasse.
The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a breech by molding, said method comprising:
  • the realization of a core for the breech conforming to one of the breeches described above,
  • the disposition of this core in a mold, and
  • casting a molding material in this mold to make the cylinder head.

L'invention concerne enfin un véhicule équipé d'une culasse décrite plus haut.The invention finally relates to a vehicle equipped with a cylinder head described above.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront clairement de la description qui en est faite ci-après, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une illustration partielle en vue de dessus d'un véhicule équipé d'un moteur à combustion interne comportant une culasse,
  • la figure 2 est une illustration schématique en vue de dessus de la culasse de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une illustration schématique en vue de dessus d'un noyau pour la fabrication de la culasse de la figure 1 par moulage,
  • la figure 4 est une vue de côté du noyau de la figure 3,
  • la figure 5 est une seconde vue de côté du noyau de la figure 3, et
  • la figure 6 est un organigramme illustrant un procédé de fabrication de la culasse de la figure 1 par moulage à partir du noyau de la figure 3.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description which is given hereinafter, by way of indication and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a partial illustration in plan view of a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder head,
  • the figure 2 is a schematic illustration in top view of the breech of the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 3 is a schematic illustration in top view of a core for the manufacture of the cylinder head of the figure 1 by molding,
  • the figure 4 is a side view of the nucleus of the figure 3 ,
  • the figure 5 is a second side view of the nucleus of the figure 3 , and
  • the figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing the breech of the figure 1 by molding from the core of the figure 3 .

Dans ces figures, les mêmes références sont utilisées pour désigner les mêmes éléments.In these figures, the same references are used to designate the same elements.

Dans la suite de cette description, les caractéristiques et fonctions bien connues de l'homme du métier ne sont pas décrites en détail.In the remainder of this description, the features and functions well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail.

La figure 1 représente un véhicule 2. Par exemple, le véhicule 2 est un véhicule automobile tel qu'une voiture. Ce véhicule 2 est équipé d'un moteur thermique 4 à combustion interne. Ce moteur 4 est équipé d'un arbre 6 qui entraîne en rotation des roues motrices 8 et 10 du véhicule 2.The figure 1 represents a vehicle 2. For example, the vehicle 2 is a motor vehicle such as a car. This vehicle 2 is equipped with a combustion engine 4 with internal combustion. This engine 4 is equipped with a shaft 6 which rotates drive wheels 8 and 10 of the vehicle 2.

Le moteur 4 comprend un bloc-cylindres 12 comportant des cylindres 14, 16, 18 et 20 apte à recevoir des pistons montés en translation. Le moteur 4 comprend également une culasse 22 disposée sur le bloc-cylindres 12. Cette culasse 22 est apte à fermer les cylindres 14, 16, 18 et 20 pour constituer des chambres de combustion du moteur 4. Ici, la culasse 22 est en aluminium. Un joint 24 de culasse apte à assurer l'étanchéité des chambres de combustion est disposé entre la culasse 22 et le bloc-cylindres 12. Le bloc-cylindres 12, le joint 24 de culasse et la culasse 22 sont fixés l'un à l'autre par l'intermédiaire de vis ou goujons 26 et 28. Dans l'exemple, les vis ou goujons 26 et 28 traversent successivement la culasse 22, le joint 24 et le bloc-cylindres 12 par l'intermédiaire d'alésages 29 et 32.The engine 4 comprises a cylinder block 12 comprising cylinders 14, 16, 18 and 20 adapted to receive pistons mounted in translation. The engine 4 also comprises a cylinder head 22 disposed on the cylinder block 12. This cylinder head 22 is able to close the cylinders 14, 16, 18 and 20 to form combustion chambers of the engine 4. Here, the cylinder head 22 is made of aluminum . A cylinder head gasket 24 suitable for sealing the combustion chambers is disposed between the cylinder head 22 and the cylinder block 12. The cylinder block 12, the cylinder head gasket 24 and the cylinder head 22 are attached to each other. other by means of screws or studs 26 and 28. In the example, the screws or studs 26 and 28 pass successively through the cylinder head 22, the seal 24 and the cylinder block 12 via bores 29 and 32.

La culasse 12 va maintenant être présentée plus en détail en référence à la figure 2. La culasse 22 comporte un collecteur d'échappement 38 apte à collecter les gaz d'échappement en sortie des cylindres 14, 16, 18 et 20 du moteur 4 et à expulser ces gaz hors du moteur 4. Cette culasse 22 comprend également un circuit de refroidissement 40 apte à refroidir la culasse 22. Pour simplifier la figure 2 seule une partie du circuit 40 de refroidissement est représentée.The bolt 12 will now be presented in more detail with reference to the figure 2 . The cylinder head 22 comprises an exhaust manifold 38 adapted to collect the exhaust gas at the outlet of the cylinders 14, 16, 18 and 20 of the engine 4 and to expel these gases out of the engine 4. This cylinder head 22 also includes a cooling circuit 40 adapted to cool the cylinder head 22. To simplify the figure 2 only part of the cooling circuit 40 is shown.

Le circuit 40 comprend une tubulure d'entrée 42 par laquelle un liquide caloporteur est introduit dans le circuit 40. Par exemple, la tubulure d'entrée 42 est connectée à un carter cylindre.The circuit 40 comprises an inlet pipe 42 through which a coolant liquid is introduced into the circuit 40. For example, the inlet pipe 42 is connected to a cylinder block.

Le circuit 40 comprend également une cavité 44 de sortie du liquide caloporteur apte à collecter le liquide caloporteur circulant dans le circuit 40. Cette cavité 44 comporte également une tubulure 48 de sortie par l'intermédiaire de laquelle le liquide caloporteur est évacué hors de la culasse 22 pour être refroidi. La tubulure 48 débouche à l'intérieur de la cavité 44 par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice. Dans l'exemple, la tubulure 48 appartient à un boîtier de sortie d'eau fixé à la culasse 22. Ici, ce boîtier de sortie d'eau est connecté à un radiateur par l'intermédiaire d'une tubulure non représentée. Ce radiateur est apte à refroidir le liquide caloporteur.The circuit 40 also comprises a heat transfer liquid outlet cavity 44 capable of collecting the coolant circulating in the circuit 40. This cavity 44 also comprises an outlet pipe 48 through which the coolant liquid is discharged out of the cylinder head 22 to be cooled. The tubing 48 opens into the cavity 44 through an orifice. In the example, the tubing 48 belongs to a water outlet housing fixed to the cylinder head 22. Here, this water outlet housing is connected to a radiator via a not shown tubing. This radiator is able to cool the coolant.

Le circuit 40 comprend également une chambre de refroidissement 52 apte à refroidir le collecteur 38. Cette chambre 52 est disposée entre des parois externe et interne du collecteur 38. La chambre 52 est conformée de manière à ce que lorsque la culasse est en position de fonctionnement, les gaz dissous dans le liquide caloporteur ou formés par ébullition du liquide caloporteur soient guidés vers un sommet 54 de la chambre 52. Par exemple, la chambre 52 possède une forme concave.The circuit 40 also comprises a cooling chamber 52 adapted to cool the collector 38. This chamber 52 is disposed between the outer and inner walls of the collector 38. The chamber 52 is shaped so that when the cylinder head is in the operating position , the gases dissolved in the coolant or formed by boiling of the coolant are guided to an apex 54 of the chamber 52. For example, the chamber 52 has a concave shape.

Le sommet 54 de la chambre 52 est connecté à la cavité 44 par l'intermédiaire d'une rainure 56. Cette rainure 56 est apte à évacuer et à guider les gaz du sommet 54 de la chambre 52 vers la cavité 44. Cette rainure 56 est inclinée de manière à ce que dans la position de fonctionnement de la culasse 22, les gaz soient guidés vers le sommet 54 puis soient évacués de la chambre 52 vers la cavité 44 par l'intermédiaire de cette rainure 56. Avantageusement, la rainure 56 ne présente pas de ruptures dans sa forme pour ne pas provoquer de blocage des bulles d'air à l'intérieur de cette rainure 56. De préférence, la rainure 56 est conformée de manière à ce que dans la position de fonctionnement de la culasse la rainure 56 est strictement croissante. Toujours de manière préférentielle, le sommet de la rainure 56 est arrondi.The top 54 of the chamber 52 is connected to the cavity 44 via a groove 56. This groove 56 is able to evacuate and guide the gases from the top 54 of the chamber 52 to the cavity 44. This groove 56 is inclined so that in the operating position of the cylinder head 22, the gases are guided towards the top 54 and then are removed from the chamber 52 to the cavity 44 via this groove 56. Advantageously, the groove 56 does not present breaks in its shape to not cause blocking of the air bubbles within this groove 56. Preferably, the groove 56 is shaped so that in the operating position of the cylinder head groove 56 is strictly increasing. Still preferentially, the top of the groove 56 is rounded.

La description d'un noyau d'eau 400 pour la fabrication de la culasse 12 par moulage va maintenant être faite en référence aux figures 3, 4 et 5.The description of a water core 400 for the manufacture of the cylinder head 12 by molding will now be made with reference to the Figures 3, 4 and 5 .

On désigne par « noyau » un élément disposé au sein d'un moule lors d'un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce par moulage de manière à définir une zone évidée de la pièce à fabriquer. Par exemple, des noyaux peuvent être utilisé pour la réalisation de chambres de combustion, de conduits d'admission, de conduit d'échappement ou encore, comme ici, d'un circuit de refroidissement d'une culasse.The term "core" means an element disposed within a mold during a manufacturing process of a part by molding so as to define a recessed area of the workpiece. For example, cores can be used for producing combustion chambers, ducts intake, exhaust duct or, as here, a cooling system of a cylinder head.

On désigne par « noyau d'eau » un « noyau » pour la réalisation du circuit 40 de refroidissement. Par exemple, le noyau 400 est en sable.The term "water core" denotes a "core" for producing the cooling circuit 40. For example, the core 400 is sand.

Le noyau 400 comprend un prisme 440 pour la réalisation de la cavité 44 de sortie de liquide caloporteur. Ce prisme 440 comporte un premier cylindre (non représenté) pour la réalisation de la tubulure 48 de sortie du circuit 40. Ici, le premier cylindre s'étend en porte à faux du prisme 440 vers l'extérieur du noyau.The core 400 comprises a prism 440 for producing the heat transfer fluid outlet cavity 44. This prism 440 comprises a first cylinder (not shown) for the embodiment of the outlet pipe 48 of the circuit 40. Here, the first cylinder extends cantilevered prism 440 to the outside of the core.

Le noyau 400 comprend également un second cylindre (non représenté) pour la réalisation de la tubulure d'entrée 42 du circuit 40. Ici, le second cylindre s'étend également en porte à faux du noyau 400 vers l'extérieur du noyau.The core 400 also comprises a second cylinder (not shown) for producing the inlet pipe 42 of the circuit 40. Here, the second cylinder also extends cantilevered from the core 400 towards the outside of the core.

Le noyau 400 comprend également :

  • un volume de forme concave 520 pour la réalisation de la chambre de refroidissement 52, et
  • une nervure 560 de dégazage pour la réalisation de la rainure 56.
Core 400 also includes:
  • a volume of concave shape 520 for producing the cooling chamber 52, and
  • a degassing rib 560 for producing the groove 56.

La nervure 560 s'étend d'un sommet 540 du volume 520 vers le prisme 440. Lorsque le noyau est dans sa position de fonctionnement, la hauteur de l'extrémité de la nervure 560 en contact avec le volume 520 est inférieure à la hauteur de l'extrémité de la nervure 560 en contact avec le prisme 440.The rib 560 extends from an apex 540 of the volume 520 to the prism 440. When the core is in its operating position, the height of the end of the rib 560 in contact with the volume 520 is less than the height. the end of the rib 560 in contact with the prism 440.

La description d'un procédé de fabrication de la culasse 22 à partir du noyau 400 va maintenant être réalisée en regard de la figure 6.The description of a method of manufacturing the breech 22 from the core 400 will now be carried out with regard to the figure 6 .

Lors d'une étape préliminaire 80, une boîte à noyau est fabriquée pour la réalisation du noyau d'eau 400. Lors de cette étape, une rainure 56 est confectionné dans la boite à noyau de manière à ce que le noyau d'eau 400 comporte la nervure 560. Par exemple, la boîte à noyau comprend deux demi boîtes sur lesquelles est imprimée l'empreinte du noyau d'eau 400. Ainsi l'assemblage des deux demis boîtes forme une zone évidée dont la forme est celle du noyau d'eau 400. Par exemple, la boîte à noyau est fabriquée en fonte.In a preliminary step 80, a core box is manufactured for producing the water core 400. In this step, a groove 56 is made in the core box so that the water core 400 has the rib 560. For example, the core box comprises two half boxes on which is imprinted the imprint of the water core 400. Thus the assembly of the two half-boxes forms a recessed area whose shape is that of the core of water 400. For example, the core box is made of cast iron.

Lors d'une étape 82, le noyau d'eau 400 est réalisé. Par exemple, du sable est introduit par soufflage ou tir dans la boîte à noyau. Le sable est alors comprimé et aggloméré avec un liant.In a step 82, the water core 400 is made. For example, sand is introduced by blowing or firing into the core box. The sand is then compressed and agglomerated with a binder.

Lors d'une étape 84, le noyau d'eau est démoulé de la boîte à noyau. Celui-ci est ensuite disposé dans un moule. Afin de faciliter son positionnement des portées de noyau peuvent être utilisées. D'autres noyaux pour d'autres zones évidées peuvent être également disposés au sein de ce moule. Par exemple, en plus du noyau d'eau servant à la réalisation du circuit de refroidissement, des noyaux pour la réalisation de chambres de combustion, de conduits d'admission, de conduits d'échappement peuvent être disposés.In a step 84, the water core is removed from the core box. This is then placed in a mold. In order to facilitate its positioning, the core ranges can be used. Other cores for other recessed areas may also be arranged within this mold. For example, in addition to the water core used for the realization of the circuit cooling, cores for producing combustion chambers, intake ducts, exhaust ducts may be arranged.

Lors d'une étape 86, le moule est fermé et une coulée est réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'un entonnoir de coulée prévue à cet effet. Dans cet exemple, de l'aluminium liquide est porté à fusion puis est coulé dans le moule.In a step 86, the mold is closed and casting is carried out by means of a casting funnel provided for this purpose. In this example, liquid aluminum is melted and poured into the mold.

Lors d'une étape 88, la culasse 22 est démoulée. Les noyaux sont retirés en expulsant le sable hors de la culasse. Par exemple, la culasse est disposée sur un système vibrant dont les vibrations permettent de déloger le sable des zones évidées de la culasse.During a step 88, the cylinder head 22 is demolded. The cores are removed by expelling the sand out of the breech. For example, the yoke is disposed on a vibrating system whose vibrations allow to dislodge the sand recessed areas of the cylinder head.

De nombreux autres modes de réalisation sont possibles.Many other embodiments are possible.

Par exemple, la culasse 22 peut être réalisée en d'autre matériau que de l'aluminium.For example, the yoke 22 may be made of other material than aluminum.

La rainure 56 n'est pas limitée au cas où il s'agit d'une rainure 56 de dégazage. Il est envisageable de remplacer la rainure par une tubulure ou par toute autre structure creuse. La rainure 56 n'est pas nécessairement strictement croissante lorsque la culasse 22 est dans sa position de fonctionnement. La rainure 56 peut également s'étendre horizontalement.The groove 56 is not limited to the case where it is a degassing groove 56. It is conceivable to replace the groove with tubing or other hollow structure. The groove 56 is not necessarily strictly increasing when the yoke 22 is in its operating position. The groove 56 can also extend horizontally.

Le noyau 400 peut être réalisée dans d'autres matériaux que du sable.The core 400 may be made of other materials than sand.

La culasse peut être directement intégrée avec le bloc-cylindres. Dans ce cas, le joint de culasse 24 peut être omis. Le boîtier de sortie d'eau peut être intégré à la culasse.The cylinder head can be directly integrated with the cylinder block. In this case, the head gasket 24 may be omitted. The water outlet housing can be integrated with the cylinder head.

Claims (6)

Culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne, cette culasse comportant : - un collecteur d'échappement (38), - un circuit (40) de refroidissement aménagé à l'intérieur de la culasse (22) par liquide caloporteur, ce circuit (40) comprenant: • une chambre (52) concave de refroidissement disposée entre des parois du collecteur (38) d'échappement apte à recueillir des gaz piégés dans le circuit (40) de refroidissement, et • une cavité (44) de sortie de liquide caloporteur apte à collecter le liquide caloporteur circulant dans ce circuit (40) de refroidissement,
caractérisé en ce que le circuit (40) de refroidissement comprend une rainure (56) de dégazage reliant fluidiquement un sommet (54) de la chambre (52) de refroidissement à la cavité (44), cette rainure (56) étant inclinée de manière à ce que les gaz se déplacent de ce sommet (54) vers la cavité (44) de sortie. Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, said cylinder head comprising: an exhaust manifold (38), - a cooling circuit (40) arranged inside the cylinder head (22) by coolant, this circuit (40) comprising: A concave cooling chamber (52) disposed between walls of the exhaust manifold (38) capable of collecting trapped gases in the cooling circuit (40), and A heat transfer liquid outlet cavity (44) capable of collecting the coolant circulating in this cooling circuit (40),
characterized in that the cooling circuit (40) comprises a degassing groove (56) fluidly connecting a top (54) of the cooling chamber (52) to the cavity (44), said groove (56) being inclined the gases move from this apex (54) to the outlet cavity (44). Culasse selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la rainure (56) de dégazage est conformée de manière à ce que, dans la position de fonctionnement de la culasse (22), la rainure (56) de dégazage est strictement croissante.Cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein the degassing groove (56) is shaped so that, in the operating position of the yoke (22), the degassing groove (56) is strictly increasing. Culasse selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la rainure (56) de dégazage est conformée de manière à ce que, dans la position de fonctionnement de la culasse (22), la rainure (56) de dégazage s'étend horizontalement.Cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein the degassing groove (56) is shaped so that, in the operating position of the yoke (22), the degassing groove (56) extends horizontally. Noyau pour la fabrication d'une culasse (22) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le noyau (400) comprend une nervure (560) pour la réalisation de la rainure (56) de dégazage.Core for the manufacture of a cylinder head (22) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core (400) comprises a rib (560) for producing the degassing groove (56). Procédé de fabrication d'une culasse par moulage, ce procédé comprenant : - la réalisation (82) d'un noyau pour la culasse conforme à la revendication 4, - la disposition (84) de ce noyau dans un moule, et - la coulée (86) d'un matériau de moulage dans ce moule pour réaliser la culasse. A method of manufacturing a cylinder head by molding, said method comprising: the embodiment (82) of a core for the cylinder head according to claim 4, the arrangement (84) of this core in a mold, and - Casting (86) of a molding material in this mold to make the cylinder head. Véhicule, caractérisé en ce qu'il est équipé d'une culasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3.Vehicle, characterized in that it is equipped with a cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
EP11167499A 2010-06-03 2011-05-25 Cylinder head, core for manufacturing such a cylinder head, method for manufacturing said cylinder head and vehicle Withdrawn EP2392813A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1054341A FR2960916A1 (en) 2010-06-03 2010-06-03 CYLINDER HEAD, CORE FOR MANUFACTURING THE CYLINDER HEAD, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE CYLINDER HEAD, AND VEHICLE

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012015328A1 (en) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 GM Global Technology Operations, LLC (n.d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Core, useful for casting device for casting component e.g. cylinder head of motor vehicle, comprises core elements, and fixing device that comprises first and second fixing units forming undercut in to the relative movement direction
FR3058473A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-11 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa THERMAL MOTOR CYLINDER HEAD
WO2019073137A1 (en) 2017-10-12 2019-04-18 Psa Automobiles Sa Device with breather tube and combustion engine cylinder head

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GB2142977A (en) * 1983-07-11 1985-01-30 Nissan Motor Cylinder head of internal combustion engine
EP0134579A1 (en) * 1983-09-08 1985-03-20 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Coolant jacket arrangement for vapor cooled internal combustion engine
EP0984149A2 (en) * 1998-08-31 2000-03-08 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cylinder head structure in internal combustion engine
EP1052394A2 (en) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Liquid cooled multicylinder internal combustion engine with a releasable cylinder head
JP2004044465A (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-02-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd Cylinder head structure in engine
EP1538327A1 (en) * 2003-12-04 2005-06-08 Ford Global Technologies, LLC, A subsidary of Ford Motor Company Cylinder head with a cooling jacket that contains a cooling core and a venting channel
FR2899501A1 (en) * 2006-04-06 2007-10-12 Renault Sas CYLINDER HEAD COMPRISING A WATER CORE HAVING A DEGASSING PART AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH CULASSE

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2142977A (en) * 1983-07-11 1985-01-30 Nissan Motor Cylinder head of internal combustion engine
EP0134579A1 (en) * 1983-09-08 1985-03-20 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Coolant jacket arrangement for vapor cooled internal combustion engine
EP0984149A2 (en) * 1998-08-31 2000-03-08 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cylinder head structure in internal combustion engine
EP1052394A2 (en) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Liquid cooled multicylinder internal combustion engine with a releasable cylinder head
JP2004044465A (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-02-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd Cylinder head structure in engine
EP1538327A1 (en) * 2003-12-04 2005-06-08 Ford Global Technologies, LLC, A subsidary of Ford Motor Company Cylinder head with a cooling jacket that contains a cooling core and a venting channel
FR2899501A1 (en) * 2006-04-06 2007-10-12 Renault Sas CYLINDER HEAD COMPRISING A WATER CORE HAVING A DEGASSING PART AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH CULASSE

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012015328A1 (en) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 GM Global Technology Operations, LLC (n.d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Core, useful for casting device for casting component e.g. cylinder head of motor vehicle, comprises core elements, and fixing device that comprises first and second fixing units forming undercut in to the relative movement direction
FR3058473A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-11 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa THERMAL MOTOR CYLINDER HEAD
WO2019073137A1 (en) 2017-10-12 2019-04-18 Psa Automobiles Sa Device with breather tube and combustion engine cylinder head

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